EP1789612B1 - Scutching device - Google Patents
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- EP1789612B1 EP1789612B1 EP05799855A EP05799855A EP1789612B1 EP 1789612 B1 EP1789612 B1 EP 1789612B1 EP 05799855 A EP05799855 A EP 05799855A EP 05799855 A EP05799855 A EP 05799855A EP 1789612 B1 EP1789612 B1 EP 1789612B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- scutching
- corrugations
- unit
- breaker
- stems
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01B1/00—Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
- D01B1/10—Separating vegetable fibres from stalks or leaves
- D01B1/14—Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating
- D01B1/22—Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating with crushing or breaking rollers or plates
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technique of scutching flax or any other cellulosic fiber that can be dyed, such as a bast fiber, such as hemp, kenaf, jute or ramie.
- the scutching operation is intended to mechanically treat, after retting, the flax stems to separate the fibers (or tow) from the other parts of the plant (the head, containing the straw and the sponge). seed, and the woody parts of the stem or shoots). These fibers are then combed to further remove shives and short fibers or tow, before clearing long fibers having the qualities required for their subsequent use, especially in spinning.
- this scutch comprises firstly a scraping step during which a steel tooth comb will separate the capsule from the stem or straw.
- Grinding refers to the step during which the cohesion of the rod is broken by grinding between pairs of rotating corrugated rollers arranged in meshing, and whose axes are parallel to the rods advancing in sheet, in order to break the lignin and to allow the extraction of anas, see for example DE 665,281 .
- the turbining effects this separation between the fibers and the shackles by the shocks generated by means of steel blades movable in rotation along an axis perpendicular to the direction of the rods and which strike successively all the portions of the rods.
- the present invention relates to the improvement of the operation of extraction of shives, namely woody waste linseed, to allow an increase in the amount of this waste, namely a decrease in fiber loss.
- the upper and lower rollers of each pair of grinding rollers are rotated synchronously, the splines of the upper roll being meshing, without contact, between two grooves of the lower roller.
- the lower roll is movable in a substantially vertical tilting movement between a low position spaced from the roll upper of the corresponding pair, and a high meshing position with said upper roll: in this way, by controlling the lower roll rather than the upper roll, one can avoid gripping problems in case of jamming or when the control of the relative position of the rollers is inoperative and that it is desired to spread the rollers.
- said lower roller is made movable by an assembly formed of a pneumatic cylinder and a lever arm, the presence of a pneumatic cylinder making it possible to very easily release the gap between the lower and upper rollers. .
- said assembly is associated with an adjustable stop against which said assembly bears in said meshing position, whereby it ensures the absence of contact between the grooves of the upper roller and the grooves of the lower roller.
- the splines are shaped so that when a groove of the upper roll meshes between two splines of the lower roll, there is a substantially constant gap between said groove of the upper roll and said two grooves of the lower roller.
- the size of the grooves of the grinding rollers decreases from upstream to downstream along the scutching device.
- said scutching device comprises at least three successive grinding units and at least three gripping and driving assemblies, each grinding unit comprising at least three pairs of grinding rollers disposed upstream to downstream and each grinding unit being associated with one of said gripper and drive assemblies, and said successive gripping and driving assemblies have laterally offset drive directions between a gripper assembly and a drive and the next.
- This arrangement which provides for a succession of several scutching units, each comprising a grinding unit and a cleaning unit located downstream, makes it possible to carry out the crushing and cleaning steps in succession successively and several times, so that the waste is disconnected from the fibers by a grinding step are removed as the fibers by the subsequent cleaning step before the rods are again subjected to a grinding step, etc .; and this several times in order to result in fully cleaned fibers of the shives, while having kept a maximum of intact fibers, that is to say unbroken.
- each milling unit comprises rollers whose groove size is smaller than in the milling unit which precedes it, according to the drive and upstream direction. downstream.
- This arrangement can be achieved with, for each of said grinding units, rollers whose grooves are substantially the same size in a grinding unit considered, but a size smaller than that of the grooves of the rollers of the preceding grinding unit.
- This arrangement can also be obtained with grinding units which comprise rollers having, for the same grinding unit, different spline sizes, possibly with the same size between the last roll of the upstream grinding unit and the first roll of the grinding unit. downstream milling unit that succeeds him.
- said gripping and driving assembly comprises a pair of endless moving belts, flat and toothed, coming into contact with one another to clamp a section of the rod to train during the movement of the belts.
- the linear running speed of the toothed belts is adjusted according to the linear speed of rotation of the pitch diameter of the splines of the grinding rollers.
- the smallest grooves have, in section, a shape of M: this shape facilitates during crushing the folding (shearing) of the entire thickness of the rods to facilitate the breakage of cohesion between the shives and fibers.
- the scutching device further comprises, downstream of the grinding unit and in an area situated above said gripping and driving assembly, a fiber cleaning unit comprising means for projecting fluid and / or particles downwards towards the rods, whereby the waste separated from the rods by the grinding unit is extracted from the rods which are retained in the said gripping assembly and training.
- This solution also has the additional advantage of being simple to implement, and in particular compact.
- the fluid may be a liquid or a gas and the particles will be in particular abrasive particles such as sand or fine shot.
- said projection means comprise at least one nozzle for blowing air under high pressure, the air being sent at a pressure preferably of between 1 and 10 bar, ie between 100,000 and 1,000,000 Pa, and advantageously between 4 and 7 bars, ie between 400,000 and 700,000 Pa.
- said projection means comprise at least one projection nozzle of sand, shot, seeds and / or other particles.
- said projection means are located at least on either side of said gripping and driving assembly, and this in order to clean the rods over their entire length, except the zone of the rod situated in said assembly gripping and training.
- the linen scutching device 10 comprises, in the longitudinal direction X, five linseed scutching units 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15.
- the exit zone 50 of the scutching unit 11 is situated, in the longitudinal direction X, of the entry zone 20 of the scutching unit 12 which is located downstream of the preceding scutching unit 11 .
- the scutching units 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 are successively arranged one after the other in the longitudinal direction X while being offset transversely in the Y direction with respect to the neighboring scutching unit. that all the sections of the stem of the plant are treated as will be exposed hereinafter.
- Each scraping unit 11 to 15 is traversed by a drive system 60 with an endless double belt 61 and 62.
- the two endless belts 61 and 62 are notched flat belts forming a closed loop around two pulleys 63 (65) and 64 (66).
- the two loops delimited by the belts 61 and 62 are arranged one above the other so as to wedge between them a web 100 of linen stems (see figure 4 ) which remains sandwiched between the portions of the belts 61 and 62 which are in close contact with one another and which form a gripping zone 60a.
- the flax stems are held by the belts 61 and 62 which have relief facing faces in the form of a notch.
- the exit zone 50 of the first scutching unit 11 being disposed on the side (along the longitudinal axis X) of the input zone 20 next scutching unit 12, is provided by a transverse shift (in the Y direction) of the drive system of the two successive scutching units having the two belts 61 and 62, a continuity of transport of the linen web 100 between the a drive system 60 from the scutching unit 11 to the drive system 60 of the following scutching unit 12 which hold respectively the flax stems at two adjacent sections of these stems, which sections are located in the central part of the linen stalk as can be seen on the figure 4 on which is represented partially a sheet 100 of flax stems.
- the inlet zone 20 of each scutching unit 11 to 15 has the double-belt drive system 61 and 62 shown above, so that this entry zone 20 only ensures the advancement of the ply 100 of the stems. linen.
- each scoop unit 11 to 15 is provided with five pairs 31 to 35 of superposed fluted grinding rolls.
- the first pair of grinding rolls 31 it comprises an upper grinding roll 31a and a lower grinding roll 31b whose axes are respectively disposed above and below the zone 60a of the toothed belts 61 and 62, each of these rollers 31a and 31b being itself (see FIG. figure 4 ) formed of a section 31b1 located on one side of the gripping zone 60a and a section 31b2 located on the other side of the gripping zone 60a.
- the processing of the linen web 100 is carried out simultaneously to the right and left of the drive system 60 in order to carry out the grinding, at each pair of grinding rollers 31 to 35 along the entire length of the stems of linen, with the exception of the section of the flax stems which is held between the belts 61 and 62.
- the sheet 100 of the flax stems passes successively in several (in this case five) pairs of grinding rollers 31 to 35 which perform the crushing and folding woody parts of the flax stalk (or shives) in order to separate them from the fibers that one wishes to isolate and keep in the least altered way possible.
- each scutching unit may comprise a number of pairs of grinding rolls that are identical or different from each other, the number of pairs of grinding rolls of each scutching unit may vary from three to five (or more) pairs of grinding rollers.
- the pairs of grinding rollers used for scutching flax are rolls with teeth or gear splines coming into contact with one another, one of the two rollers of the lower and upper rollers being leading, the other being led.
- pairs 31-35 grinding rollers which mesh contactless as can be seen on the Figures 6A to 6C and 7A to 7C .
- FIG. 6A there is shown a pair 36 of coarse-grained grinding rollers 36a whose profile is in the form of a broken arc or a clipped-head warhead.
- the upper roll grooves 36a (37a or 38a) are never in contact with the lower roll grooves 36a (37a or 38a).
- the distance e at the meshing between the grooves of the upper milling roll and the lower milling mill is as much as possible substantially constant as is apparent from the Figures 7A to 7C .
- the flutes 37a have a cross-sectional shape whose sides are slightly convex and slightly inclined towards the flute head .
- the pair 38 is composed of two small groove milling rolls 38a whose section has an M-shaped contour. Between two small grooves 38a, the grinding roll 38 has a W-shaped contour corresponding to a longitudinal groove (see FIG. Figure 7C ).
- the grinding rollers have, between their grooves 36a, 37a or 38a, a recess (a groove) of complementary shape to that of the grooves.
- a single motor 39 carries out the movement of the five pairs of grinding rollers 31 to 35 by means of a single transmission belt 39a.
- this transmission belt 39a constitutes even the drive means of the two belts 61 and 62 of the drive system 60 for transporting the web 100 of the flax stems.
- the lower roll which is moved upwards by means of a pneumatic jack which actuates an arm lever which makes it possible to adjust the pressurization of the jack and therefore the stress exerted on the lower roll when it is placed in the meshing position with the upper roll.
- an adjustable stop device associated with the assembly consisting of the pneumatic cylinder and the aforementioned lever arm is provided, for each pair of grinding rollers.
- the actuation by pneumatic jack of the high position of the lower grinding roller of each pair of grinding rollers makes it possible to exert an adjustable and constant pressure on the linen ply 100, which makes it possible to compensate the extra thicknesses. during the advance of this sheet 100 of flax stems and this to avoid "stuffing" at a pair of grinding rollers.
- the linear scrolling speed of the drive belts 61 and 62 is adjusted according to the speed linear rotation of the pitch diameter of the grooves of the grinding rollers to prevent fiber tearing or displacement of the rods in the drive belts 61 and 62.
- drive belts 61 and 62 being flat belts, they hold the stems of flax fibers flat, which minimizes the breaks of the fibers, and this in order to preserve the integrity of the fibers as much as possible their length.
- This essential arrangement for producing the grinding rollers with non-contact meshing is advantageously combined with a gradual reduction in the size of the grooves of the grinding rollers as the flax stems progress in the scutching device. linen 10.
- Three sizes of splines can be used, such as those shown on Figures 6A to 6C and 7A to 7C or more different sizes with intermediate sizes, either with identical shape or with different shapes.
- the larger flutes will preferentially have the shape of the flutes 36a of the flutes.
- the flutes of medium size will preferentially have the shape of the grooves 37a of the Figures 6B and 7B and the grooves of smaller size will preferentially have the shape of the grooves 38a of the Figures 6C and 7C .
- Grinding rollers having different fluting sizes from one scutching unit to another may also be used or using for the last pair of grinding rolls of an upstream scutch unit a flute shape identical to that of the first pair of grinding rollers of the scutching unit placed directly downstream.
- each unit of flaxseed 11 to 15 has a fiber cleaning unit 40 disposed downstream of the grinding unit 30.
- This fiber cleaning unit 40 is intended to separate the shives of the fibers with respect to shives that have not already fallen by themselves during the shredding treatment which has previously been carried out in the grinding unit 30 of the shredder. the same scutching unit 11 to 15.
- each grinding unit comprises (see Figures 8 and 9 ) according to a preferred embodiment two nozzles 42 for blowing air under pressure arranged vertically above and on either side of the gripping zone 60a of the drive system 60, downstream of the grinding unit 30.
- the jet of high pressure air is sent under a pressure of between 1 and 10 bar (100,000 to 1,000,000 Pa) and preferably between 4 and 7 bar (between 400,000 and 700,000 Pa).
- this high-pressure air flow can contain high-speed percussionants such as sand, grit, seeds, pebbles, etc.
- an air flow guide box 44 comprising (see FIG. Figures 8 and 9 ) side panels inclined downwardly towards a collecting funnel 46 at which a separate suction can be provided to increase the Venturi effect.
- cleaning is performed on each scutching unit, after grinding, grinding is facilitated on the next scutching unit.
- cleaning is advantageously achieved by means of downward projection of a fluid and / or particles, which perform the extraction of waste liners, and in particular cleaning the rods by air blasting under pressure (and / or percussive) between each grinding step.
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Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne la technique de teillage du lin ou de toute autre fibre cellulosique pouvant être teillée, telle une fibre libérienne, comme le chanvre, le kenaf, le jute ou la ramie.The invention relates to the technique of scutching flax or any other cellulosic fiber that can be dyed, such as a bast fiber, such as hemp, kenaf, jute or ramie.
De manière connue, l'opération de teillage, ou écangage, vise à traiter de manière mécanique, après rouissage, les tiges de lin pour séparer les fibres (ou filasse) des autres parties de la plante (la tête, contenant la paillette et la graine, et les parties ligneuses de la tige ou anas). Ces fibres sont ensuite peignées pour retirer encore des anas et des fibres courtes ou étoupe, avant de pouvoir dégager des fibres longues présentant les qualités requises pour leur utilisation ultérieure, notamment dans la filature.In known manner, the scutching operation, or shelling, is intended to mechanically treat, after retting, the flax stems to separate the fibers (or tow) from the other parts of the plant (the head, containing the straw and the sponge). seed, and the woody parts of the stem or shoots). These fibers are then combed to further remove shives and short fibers or tow, before clearing long fibers having the qualities required for their subsequent use, especially in spinning.
Classiquement, ce teillage comprend en premier lieu une étape d'égrainage au cours de laquelle un peigne à dents d'acier va séparer la capsule de la tige ou paille.Conventionally, this scutch comprises firstly a scraping step during which a steel tooth comb will separate the capsule from the stem or straw.
Ensuite intervient une étape de broyage suivie d'une étape de turbinage.Then there is a grinding step followed by a turbining step.
Le broyage s'entend de l'étape au cours de laquelle la cohésion de la tige est brisée par broyage entre des paires de rouleaux cannelés rotatifs disposés en engrènement, et dont les axes sont parallèles aux tiges avançant en nappe, afin de casser la lignine et de permettre l'extraction des anas, voir par example
Le turbinage réalise cette séparation entre les fibres et les anas par les chocs engendrés au moyen de lames d'acier mobiles en rotation selon un axe perpendiculaire à la direction des tiges et qui viennent frapper successivement toutes les portions des tiges.The turbining effects this separation between the fibers and the shackles by the shocks generated by means of steel blades movable in rotation along an axis perpendicular to the direction of the rods and which strike successively all the portions of the rods.
Plus particulièrement, la présente invention se rapporte à l'amélioration de l'opération d'extraction des anas, à savoir des déchets ligneux des tiges de lin, afin de permettre une augmentation de la quantité de ces déchets, à savoir une diminution de la perte en fibres.More particularly, the present invention relates to the improvement of the operation of extraction of shives, namely woody waste linseed, to allow an increase in the amount of this waste, namely a decrease in fiber loss.
En effet, on comprend que les opérations de broyage et de turbinage engendrent des chocs et des contraintes de cisaillement intenses sur la tige de lin, ces opérations très violentes étant considérées jusqu'à ce jour comme nécessaires pour retirer les anas, compte tenu de la résistance mécanique très importante des fibres de lin.Indeed, it is understood that the grinding operations and turbinage generate shocks and intense shear stresses on the stem of flax, these very violent operations are considered until now as necessary to remove the shingles, given the very important mechanical strength of flax fibers.
Toutefois, cette méthode occasionne des ruptures des fibres longues, ce qui génère les fibres courtes appelées étoupes, qui doivent être séparées des fibres longues intactes, ce qui diminue le rendement d'extraction en fibres longues. Ce dernier atteint 20% environ alors que la quantité totale de fibres contenues dans les tiges est estimée à hauteur de 30%.However, this method causes breaks in the long fibers, which generates the short fibers called tows, which must be separated from the intact long fibers, which reduces the extraction efficiency of long fibers. The latter reaches about 20% whereas the total amount of fibers contained in the stems is estimated at 30%.
C'est donc un but de la présente invention que de permettre la séparation entre les anas et les fibres des tiges de lin, tout en diminuant le taux de rupture des fibres, et ceci afin de conserver à l'issue du teillage un maximum de fibres longues.It is therefore an object of the present invention to allow the separation between the shives and the fibers of the flax stems, while reducing the rate of rupture of the fibers, and this in order to keep at the end of scutching a maximum of long fibers.
A cet effet, la présente invention propose un dispositif de teillage du lin ou de toute autre plante dont la tige contient des fibres cellulosiques pouvant être séparées par teillage, comportant, de manière habituelle, :
- des moyens de transport des tiges selon une direction d'entraînement sensiblement perpendiculaire à l'orientation des tiges, qui comprennent au moins un ensemble de préhension et d'entraînement des dites tiges, et
- au moins une unité de broyage comprenant au moins une paire de rouleaux de broyage superposés cannelés.
- means for transporting the rods in a driving direction substantially perpendicular to the orientation of the rods, which comprise at least one gripping and driving assembly of said rods, and
- at least one grinding unit comprising at least one pair of corrugated rollers.
De manière caractéristique, dans le dispositif de teillage selon la présente invention, pour chaque unité de broyage, les rouleaux supérieur et inférieur de chaque paire de rouleaux de broyage sont entraînés en rotation de manière synchronisée, les cannelures du rouleau supérieur venant s'engrener, sans contact, entre deux cannelures du rouleau inférieur.Typically, in the scutching apparatus according to the present invention, for each grinding unit, the upper and lower rollers of each pair of grinding rollers are rotated synchronously, the splines of the upper roll being meshing, without contact, between two grooves of the lower roller.
Grâce à cette disposition essentielle, on comprend que l'on réalise le broyage des tiges sans risque de briser par pincement les tiges à un emplacement correspondant à un contact entre les cannelures, ce qui contribuerait à briser des fibres sur leur longueur et ce qui serait préjudiciable en terme de rendement des fibres en sortie.With this essential arrangement, it is understood that the grinding of the rods without the risk of breaking by pinching the rods at a location corresponding to a contact between the flutes, which would contribute to break fibers along their length and what would be detrimental in terms of output fiber output.
Globalement, grâce à l'agencement selon la présente invention, il est possible d'améliorer le rendement d'extraction des fibres des tiges de lin d'une manière simple et efficace.Overall, thanks to the arrangement according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the extraction efficiency of the fibers of the flax stems in a simple and effective manner.
Avantageusement, pour chaque paire de rouleaux de broyage, le rouleau inférieur est mobile selon un mouvement de basculement sensiblement vertical, entre une position basse écartée du rouleau supérieur de la paire correspondante, et une position haute d'engrènement avec ledit rouleau supérieur : de cette façon, en commandant le rouleau inférieur plutôt que le rouleau supérieur, on peut éviter des problèmes de préhension en cas de bourrage ou lorsque la commande de la position relative des rouleaux est inopérante et que l'on souhaite écarter les rouleaux.Advantageously, for each pair of grinding rollers, the lower roll is movable in a substantially vertical tilting movement between a low position spaced from the roll upper of the corresponding pair, and a high meshing position with said upper roll: in this way, by controlling the lower roll rather than the upper roll, one can avoid gripping problems in case of jamming or when the control of the relative position of the rollers is inoperative and that it is desired to spread the rollers.
En particulier, de préférence, ledit rouleau inférieur est rendu mobile par un ensemble formé d'un vérin pneumatique et d'un bras de levier, la présence d'un vérin pneumatique permettant de relâcher très facilement l'écart entre les rouleaux inférieur et supérieur.In particular, preferably, said lower roller is made movable by an assembly formed of a pneumatic cylinder and a lever arm, the presence of a pneumatic cylinder making it possible to very easily release the gap between the lower and upper rollers. .
En outre, de préférence, ledit ensemble est associé à une butée réglable contre laquelle ledit ensemble vient en appui dans ladite position d'engrènement, ce par quoi on assure l'absence de contact entre les cannelures du rouleau supérieur et les cannelures du rouleau inférieur.In addition, preferably, said assembly is associated with an adjustable stop against which said assembly bears in said meshing position, whereby it ensures the absence of contact between the grooves of the upper roller and the grooves of the lower roller. .
En complément de la disposition essentielle précitée, de préférence, les cannelures sont conformées de sorte que lorsqu'une cannelure du rouleau supérieur s'engrène entre deux cannelures du rouleau inférieur, il existe un écart sensiblement constant entre ladite cannelure du rouleau supérieur et lesdites deux cannelures du rouleau inférieur.In addition to the aforementioned essential arrangement, preferably, the splines are shaped so that when a groove of the upper roll meshes between two splines of the lower roll, there is a substantially constant gap between said groove of the upper roll and said two grooves of the lower roller.
Ainsi, on comprend que l'on exerce sur les fibres une contrainte maximale constante pour une paire de rouleaux de broyage donnée et, de préférence, également pour toutes les paires de rouleaux de broyage.Thus, it is understood that a constant maximum stress is exerted on the fibers for a given pair of grinding rollers and, preferably, also for all pairs of grinding rolls.
Selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel, la taille des cannelures des rouleaux de broyage diminue d'amont en aval le long du dispositif de teillage.According to a preferred embodiment, the size of the grooves of the grinding rollers decreases from upstream to downstream along the scutching device.
De cette manière, en réduisant au fur et à mesure de l'avancée des tiges dans le dispositif de teillage la taille des cannelures des rouleaux de broyage, on réalise également un broyage de plus en plus fin, ce qui permet de décoller les anas au plus profond de la tige. Cette diminution progressive de la taille des cannelures peut être obtenue selon différentes façons.In this way, by reducing as the progress of the rods in the scutching device the size of the grooves of the grinding rollers, grinding is also carried out more and more finely, which allows to take off the shoots at deeper of the stem. This gradual decrease in the size of the flutes can be achieved in different ways.
Selon une autre disposition préférentielle, ledit dispositif de teillage comporte au moins trois unités de broyage successives et au moins trois ensembles de préhension et d'entraînement, chaque unité de broyage comportant au moins trois paires de rouleaux de broyage disposées d'amont en aval et chaque unité de broyage étant associée à un desdits ensembles de préhension et d'entraînement, et lesdits ensembles de préhension et d'entraînement successifs présentent des directions d'entraînement latéralement décalées entre un ensemble de préhension et d'entraînement et le suivant.According to another preferred arrangement, said scutching device comprises at least three successive grinding units and at least three gripping and driving assemblies, each grinding unit comprising at least three pairs of grinding rollers disposed upstream to downstream and each grinding unit being associated with one of said gripper and drive assemblies, and said successive gripping and driving assemblies have laterally offset drive directions between a gripper assembly and a drive and the next.
Cette disposition qui prévoit une succession de plusieurs unités de teillage, comprenant chacune une unité de broyage et une unité de nettoyage située en aval, permet de réaliser successivement et plusieurs fois le couple d'étapes broyage puis nettoyage, de sorte que les déchets désolidarisés des fibres par une étape de broyage sont retirés au fur et à mesure des fibres par l'étape de nettoyage ultérieure avant que les tiges soient à nouveau soumises à une étape de broyage, etc ; et ceci plusieurs fois en vue d'aboutir à des fibres entièrement nettoyées des anas, tout en ayant conservé un maximum de fibres intacts, c'est-à-dire non brisées.This arrangement, which provides for a succession of several scutching units, each comprising a grinding unit and a cleaning unit located downstream, makes it possible to carry out the crushing and cleaning steps in succession successively and several times, so that the waste is disconnected from the fibers by a grinding step are removed as the fibers by the subsequent cleaning step before the rods are again subjected to a grinding step, etc .; and this several times in order to result in fully cleaned fibers of the shives, while having kept a maximum of intact fibers, that is to say unbroken.
De préférence, d'une unité de broyage à l'autre, chaque unité de broyage comporte des rouleaux dont la taille des cannelures est plus petite que dans l'unité de broyage qui la précède, selon la direction d'entraînement et d'amont en aval. Cette disposition peut être réalisée avec, pour chacune desdites unités de broyage, des rouleaux dont les cannelures sont sensiblement de même taille dans une unité de broyage considérée, mais une taille plus petite que celle des cannelures des rouleaux de l'unité de broyage précédente. Cette disposition peut aussi être obtenue avec des unités de broyage qui comportent des rouleaux présentant pour la même unité de broyage des tailles de cannelures différentes, éventuellement avec une taille identique entre le dernier rouleau de l'unité de broyage amont et le premier rouleau de l'unité de broyage aval qui lui succède.Preferably, from one milling unit to the next, each milling unit comprises rollers whose groove size is smaller than in the milling unit which precedes it, according to the drive and upstream direction. downstream. This arrangement can be achieved with, for each of said grinding units, rollers whose grooves are substantially the same size in a grinding unit considered, but a size smaller than that of the grooves of the rollers of the preceding grinding unit. This arrangement can also be obtained with grinding units which comprise rollers having, for the same grinding unit, different spline sizes, possibly with the same size between the last roll of the upstream grinding unit and the first roll of the grinding unit. downstream milling unit that succeeds him.
Selon une autre disposition préférentielle, ledit ensemble de préhension et d'entraînement comprend une paire de courroies mobiles sans fin, plates et crantées, venant en contact l'une contre l'autre pour retenir par serrage un tronçon de la tige afin de l'entraîner au cours du mouvement des courroies.According to another preferred arrangement, said gripping and driving assembly comprises a pair of endless moving belts, flat and toothed, coming into contact with one another to clamp a section of the rod to train during the movement of the belts.
De cette manière, on réalise très simplement la retenue des tiges, sans exercer sur elles une pression localisée trop forte à l'emplacement du tronçon de la tige serré entre les courroies mobiles, comme cela peut être le cas avec les dispositifs de l'art antérieur qui utilisent des courroies de convoyage avec une section en U.In this way, the retention of the rods is carried out very simply, without exerting on them too great localized pressure at the location of the section of the rod clamped between the moving belts, as may be the case with the prior art devices that use conveyor belts with a U-section.
De préférence, pour chaque unité de teillage, la vitesse de défilement linéaire des courroies crantées est ajustée en fonction de la vitesse linéaire de rotation du diamètre primitif des cannelures des rouleaux de broyage.Preferably, for each scutching unit, the linear running speed of the toothed belts is adjusted according to the linear speed of rotation of the pitch diameter of the splines of the grinding rollers.
Egalement, de façon avantageuse, les cannelures les plus petites présentent, en section, une forme de M : cette forme facilite lors du broyage le pliage (cisaillement) de toute l'épaisseur des tiges afin de faciliter la rupture de cohésion entre les anas et les fibres.Also, advantageously, the smallest grooves have, in section, a shape of M: this shape facilitates during crushing the folding (shearing) of the entire thickness of the rods to facilitate the breakage of cohesion between the shives and fibers.
Selon une disposition préférentielle supplémentaire, le dispositif de teillage selon la présente invention comporte en outre, en aval de l'unité de broyage et dans une zone située au-dessus dudit ensemble de préhension et d'entraînement, une unité de nettoyage des fibres comprenant des moyens de projection vers le bas d'un fluide et/ou de particules en direction des tiges, ce par quoi les déchets désolidarisés des tiges par l'unité de broyage sont extraits des tiges qui sont retenues dans ledit ensemble de préhension et d'entraînement.According to a further preferential arrangement, the scutching device according to the present invention further comprises, downstream of the grinding unit and in an area situated above said gripping and driving assembly, a fiber cleaning unit comprising means for projecting fluid and / or particles downwards towards the rods, whereby the waste separated from the rods by the grinding unit is extracted from the rods which are retained in the said gripping assembly and training.
De cette manière, on comprend que par la présence de ladite unité de nettoyage des fibres fonctionnant par projection, les fibres des tiges sont nettoyés par le fait que les anas qui ont été désolidarisés des fibres pendant l'étape de broyage précédente, sont, grâce à cette projection, « décollés » et séparés des fibres pour être entraînés par le flux de fluide et/ou de particules qui est projeté, puis sont entraînés par gravité ou par effet Venturi ou dans un système de récupération quelconque.In this way, it is understood that by the presence of said fiber cleaning unit operating by projection, the fibers of the rods are cleaned by the fact that the shins which have been separated from the fibers during the preceding grinding step, are, thanks at this projection, "peeled" and separated fibers to be driven by the flow of fluid and / or particles that is projected, and then are driven by gravity or by Venturi effect or in any recovery system.
Cette solution présente aussi l'avantage supplémentaire, d'être simple à mettre en oeuvre, et notamment peu encombrante.This solution also has the additional advantage of being simple to implement, and in particular compact.
Le fluide peut être un liquide ou un gaz et les particules seront en particulier des particules abrasives telles que du sable ou de la fine grenaille.The fluid may be a liquid or a gas and the particles will be in particular abrasive particles such as sand or fine shot.
De préférence, lesdits moyens de projection comprennent au moins une buse de soufflage d'air sous haute pression, l'air étant envoyé à une pression de préférence comprise entre 1 et 10 bars, soit entre 100 000 et 1 000 000 Pa, et avantageusement entre 4 et 7 bars, soit entre 400 000 et 700 000 Pa.Preferably, said projection means comprise at least one nozzle for blowing air under high pressure, the air being sent at a pressure preferably of between 1 and 10 bar, ie between 100,000 and 1,000,000 Pa, and advantageously between 4 and 7 bars, ie between 400,000 and 700,000 Pa.
De préférence, lesdits moyens de projection comprennent au moins une buse de projection de sable, grenaille, graines et/ou d'autres particules.Preferably, said projection means comprise at least one projection nozzle of sand, shot, seeds and / or other particles.
Selon une disposition préférentielle, lesdits moyens de projection sont situés au moins de part et d'autre dudit ensemble de préhension et d'entraînement, et ceci afin de nettoyer les tiges sur toute leur longueur, sauf la zone de la tige située dans ledit ensemble de préhension et d'entraînement.According to a preferred arrangement, said projection means are located at least on either side of said gripping and driving assembly, and this in order to clean the rods over their entire length, except the zone of the rod situated in said assembly gripping and training.
D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention ressortiront à la lecture de la description suivante faite à titre d'exemple et en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :
- la
figure 1 est une vue partielle en projection depuis l'un des côtés d'un dispositif de teillage de lin selon l'invention ; - la
figure 2 est une vue schématique de dessus du dispositif de teillage de lin de lafigure 1 , comprenant cinq unités de teillage décalées transversalement l'une après l'autre selon deux lignes parallèles ; - la
figure 3 une vue de côté d'une portion du dispositif de teillage de lafigure 1 , sous la forme de l'une des unités de teillage ; - la
figure 4 montre depuis le dessus la portion du dispositif de teillage visible sur lafigure 3 ; - la
figure 5 est une vue partielle, en perspective simplifiée, de la portion du dispositif de teillage visible sur lesfigures 3 et4 , montrant le traitement des tiges de lin ; - les
figures 6A, 6B et 6C représentent chacune, en projection depuis le côté, une paire de rouleaux de broyage munie de cannelures, chaque paire de rouleaux de broyage ayant des cannelures de taille différente ; - les
figures 7A, 7B et 7C représentent de manière agrandie l'engrènement sans contact entre les deux rouleaux des paires respectivement illustrées sur lesfigures 6A, 6B et 6C ; - la
figure 8 montre, en projection depuis l'extrémité aval, une unité de teillage et en particulier l'unité de nettoyage des fibres, et - la
figure 9 est une vue partielle agrandie de l'unité de nettoyage des fibres de lafigure 8 .
- the
figure 1 is a partial view in projection from one of the sides of a linen scutch device according to the invention; - the
figure 2 is a schematic top view of the flax scutching device of thefigure 1 , comprising five scribing units transversely offset one after the other along two parallel lines; - the
figure 3 a side view of a portion of the scutching device of thefigure 1 in the form of one of the scutching units; - the
figure 4 shows from above the portion of the scutching device visible on thefigure 3 ; - the
figure 5 is a partial view, in simplified perspective, of the portion of the scutching device visible on thefigures 3 and4 , showing the treatment of flax stems; - the
FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C are each projecting from the side a pair of grinding rollers provided with splines, each pair of grinding rollers having splines of different size; - the
Figures 7A, 7B and 7C represent magnetically contactless meshing between the two rolls of the pairs respectively illustrated on theFIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C ; - the
figure 8 shows, in projection from the downstream end, a scutching unit and in particular the fiber cleaning unit, and - the
figure 9 is an enlarged partial view of the fiber cleaning unit of thefigure 8 .
Sur les
Ces cinq unités de teillage de lin 11 à 15 fonctionnent sur un principe identique représenté sur la
Sur l'ensemble de ces
Chacune des unités de teillage 11 à 15 présente une structure globalement identique formée de quatre parties principales comportant d'amont en aval respectivement :
une zone d'entrée 20,- une unité de broyage 30,
- une unité de nettoyage de
fibres 40, et - une
zone de sortie 50.
- an
entrance area 20, - a grinding
unit 30, - a
fiber cleaning unit 40, and - an
exit zone 50.
Comme on peut le voir sur les
En effet les unités de teillage 11, 12, 13, 14 et 15 sont disposées successivement les unes après les autres selon la direction longitudinale X en étant toutefois décalées transversalement selon la direction Y l'une par rapport à l'unité de teillage voisine afin que tous les tronçons de la tige de la plante soient traités comme sera exposé ci-après.Indeed, the scutching
Chaque unité de teillage 11 à 15 est parcourue par un système d'entraînement 60 à double courroie sans fin 61 et 62.Each scraping
Comme il apparaît sur la
Plus précisément, les tiges de lin sont tenues par les courroies 61 et 62 qui présentent des faces en regard en relief sous la forme d'un crantage.More specifically, the flax stems are held by the
Comme on le voit plus précisément sur la
La zone d'entrée 20 de chaque unité de teillage 11 à 15 présente le système d'entraînement 60 à double courroie 61 et 62 présenté précédemment, de sorte que cette zone d'entrée 20 assure uniquement l'avancée de la nappe 100 des tiges de lin.The
Si l'on se réfère aux
Plus précisément, si l'on se réfère à la première paire 31 de rouleaux de broyage, elle comporte un rouleau de broyage supérieur 31a et un rouleau de broyage inférieur 31b dont les axes sont disposés respectivement au-dessus et en-dessous de la zone de préhension 60a des courroies crantées 61 et 62, chacun de ces rouleaux 31a et 31b étant lui-même (voir
De cette manière, on comprend que l'on réalise le traitement de la nappe 100 de lin simultanément à droite et à gauche du système d'entraînement 60 afin de réaliser le broyage, au niveau de chaque paire de rouleaux de broyage 31 à 35 quasiment sur toute la longueur des tiges de lin, à l'exception du tronçon des tiges de lin qui est tenu entre les courroies 61 et 62.In this way, it is understood that the processing of the
On comprend donc qu'au niveau de chaque unité de teillage 11 à 15, la nappe 100 des tiges de lin passe successivement dans plusieurs (en l'espèce cinq) paires de rouleaux de broyage 31 à 35 qui réalisent l'écrasement et le pliage des parties ligneuses de la tige de lin (ou anas) afin de les désolidariser des fibres que l'on souhaite isoler et conserver d'une façon la moins altérée possible.It is therefore understood that at each scutching
En pratique, lors de ce traitement de broyage, comme il apparaît sur la
Sur la
Ainsi, d'une manière générale selon la présente invention, chaque unité de teillage peut comporter un nombre de paires de rouleaux de broyage identique ou différent entre elles, le nombre de paires de rouleaux de broyage de chaque unité de teillage pouvant varier de trois à cinq (ou davantage) paires de rouleaux de broyage.Thus, generally according to the present invention, each scutching unit may comprise a number of pairs of grinding rolls that are identical or different from each other, the number of pairs of grinding rolls of each scutching unit may vary from three to five (or more) pairs of grinding rollers.
Classiquement, les paires de rouleaux de broyage utilisées pour réaliser le teillage du lin sont des rouleaux avec des dents ou cannelures d'engrenage venant en contact les unes avec les autres, l'un des deux rouleaux parmi les rouleaux inférieur et supérieur étant menant, l'autre étant mené.Conventionally, the pairs of grinding rollers used for scutching flax are rolls with teeth or gear splines coming into contact with one another, one of the two rollers of the lower and upper rollers being leading, the other being led.
A la place de cette structure connue, on prévoit selon une caractéristique essentielle de la présente invention, des paires 31-35 de rouleaux de broyage qui s'engrènent sans contact comme on peut le voir sur les
Si l'on considère par exemple la
L'écart e au niveau de l'engrènement entre les cannelures du rouleau de broyage supérieur et du rouleau de broyage inférieur étant autant que possible sensiblement constant comme il ressort des
Sur les
Sur les
On remarquera que dans tous les cas, les rouleaux de broyage présentent, entre leurs cannelures 36a, 37a ou 38a, un creux (une rainure) de forme complémentaire à celle des cannelures.It will be noted that in all cases, the grinding rollers have, between their
Afin de réaliser le mouvement de rotation synchrone des rouleaux supérieur et inférieur de toutes les paires de rouleaux 31 à 35 composant une unité de teillage, par exemple l'unité de teillage 11 de la
De cette façon, on comprend que l'on assure, pour chaque unité de teillage 11 à 15, un entraînement synchrone de tous les rouleaux de broyage et de la zone de préhension 60a pour une avancée régulière et synchrone de la nappe 100 de tiges de lin, au niveau d'une même unité de teillage 11 à 15.In this way, it is understood that it ensures, for each scraping
Selon une disposition particulière, afin de placer les rouleaux inférieur et supérieur d'une paire de rouleaux de broyage en engrènement, c'est le rouleau inférieur qui est mis en mouvement vers le haut, au moyen d'un vérin pneumatique qui actionne un bras de levier ce qui permet de régler la mise sous pression du vérin et donc la contrainte exercée sur le rouleau inférieur lorsqu'il est placé en position d'engrènement avec le rouleau supérieur.According to a particular arrangement, in order to place the lower and upper rollers of a pair of grinding rollers in meshing, it is the lower roll which is moved upwards by means of a pneumatic jack which actuates an arm lever which makes it possible to adjust the pressurization of the jack and therefore the stress exerted on the lower roll when it is placed in the meshing position with the upper roll.
Ainsi, en cas de problème (blocage ou autre), si la commande du vérin pneumatique est défaillante ou n'est plus activée, les rouleaux inférieurs sont alors dans leur position basse, ce qui correspond à une situation de sécurité évitant par exemple des blessures par pincement entre les rouleaux d'une même paire.Thus, in the event of a problem (blockage or other), if the control of the pneumatic cylinder is faulty or is no longer activated, the lower rollers are then in their low position, which corresponds to a safety situation avoiding, for example, injuries. by pinching between the rollers of the same pair.
Afin de pouvoir régler précisément l'écartement entre chaque rouleau d'une paire de rouleaux de broyage inférieur et supérieur, un dispositif de butée réglable associé à l'ensemble composé du vérin pneumatique et du bras de levier précités est prévu, pour chaque paire de rouleaux de broyage.In order to be able to precisely adjust the spacing between each roller of a pair of upper and lower grinding rollers, an adjustable stop device associated with the assembly consisting of the pneumatic cylinder and the aforementioned lever arm is provided, for each pair of grinding rollers.
De ce qui précède, on comprend que la réalisation de l'engrènement sans contact entre les rouleaux de broyage inférieur et supérieur d'une même paire évite d'exercer des forces de cisaillement le long des fibres de lin.From the foregoing, it is understood that the realization of meshing without contact between the upper and lower grinding rollers of the same pair avoids exerting shear forces along the flax fibers.
De plus, l'actionnement par vérin pneumatique de la mise en position haute du rouleau de broyage inférieur de chaque paire de rouleaux de broyage permet d'exercer une pression réglable et constante sur la nappe de lin 100, ce qui permet de compenser les surépaisseurs lors de l'avancée de cette nappe 100 de tiges de lin et ceci afin d'éviter le « bourrage » au niveau d'une paire de rouleaux de broyage.In addition, the actuation by pneumatic jack of the high position of the lower grinding roller of each pair of grinding rollers makes it possible to exert an adjustable and constant pressure on the
Egalement, il faut noter que la vitesse de défilement linéaire des courroies d'entraînement 61 et 62 est ajustée en fonction de la vitesse linéaire de rotation du diamètre primitif des cannelures des rouleaux de broyage pour éviter les arrachements de fibres ou le déplacement des tiges dans les courroies d'entraînement 61 et 62.Also, it should be noted that the linear scrolling speed of the
On comprend également que les courroies d'entraînement 61 et 62 étant des courroies plates, elles retiennent les tiges des fibres de lin à plat, ce qui minimise les cassures des fibres, et ceci afin de préserver au maximum l'intégrité des fibres sur toute leur longueur.It is also understood that the
Cette disposition essentielle de réalisation des rouleaux de broyage avec un engrènement sans contact, est avantageusement combinée à une diminution progressive de la taille des cannelures des rouleaux de broyage au fur et à mesure de l'avancée des tiges de lin dans le dispositif de teillage de lin 10.This essential arrangement for producing the grinding rollers with non-contact meshing is advantageously combined with a gradual reduction in the size of the grooves of the grinding rollers as the flax stems progress in the scutching device.
On peut utiliser trois tailles de cannelures comme celles illustrées sur les
On peut, pour chaque unité de teillage utiliser des rouleaux de broyage ayant la même taille de cannelures ou déjà plusieurs tailles différentes au fur et à mesure que l'on avance en direction longitudinale X, d'amont en aval le long de l'unité de teillage considérée.For each scutching unit it is possible to use grinding rollers having the same size of grooves or already several different sizes as one moves in longitudinal direction X, upstream downstream along the unit. of scutch considered.
On peut également utiliser des rouleaux de broyage ayant des tailles de cannelures différentes d'une unité de teillage à l'autre ou bien utiliser pour la dernière paire de rouleaux de broyage d'une unité de teillage amont une forme de cannelures identique à celle de la première paire de rouleaux de broyage de l'unité de teillage placée directement en aval.Grinding rollers having different fluting sizes from one scutching unit to another may also be used or using for the last pair of grinding rolls of an upstream scutch unit a flute shape identical to that of the first pair of grinding rollers of the scutching unit placed directly downstream.
On décrit maintenant l'unité de nettoyage de fibres 40 qui est utilisée selon une caractéristique préférentielle de la présente invention. A cet effet, chaque unité de teillage de lin 11 à 15 (voir
Cette unité de nettoyage de fibres 40 a pour but de séparer les anas des fibres s'agissant des anas qui ne sont pas déjà tombés par eux-mêmes au cours du traitement par broyage qui a précédemment été réalisé dans l'unité de broyage 30 de la même unité de teillage 11 à 15.This
Pour ce faire, chaque unité de broyage comprend (voir
De manière alternative ou combinée, ce flux d'air sous haute pression peut contenir des percutants pulvérisés à grande vitesse tels que du sable, de la grenaille, des graines, des cailloux...Alternatively or combined, this high-pressure air flow can contain high-speed percussionants such as sand, grit, seeds, pebbles, etc.
Lorsque seul un jet d'air sous haute pression est utilisé, on utilise préférentiellement un caisson de guidage du flux d'air 44 comprenant (voir
On prévoit également la collecte des anas en amont de l'unité de nettoyage 40, à savoir sous l'unité de broyage 30 et sous la zone d'entrée 20 au moyen d'une trémie de collecte 70 au fond de laquelle est disposé un système d'aspiration avec un moteur et une vis sans fin.It is also expected to collect the snails upstream of the
Grâce à un dispositif de teillage conforme aux différentes dispositions présentées en description des figures, on aboutit à un teillage des tiges de lin permettant d'augmenter très sensiblement le rendement des fibres longues jusqu'à 25% et plus, à comparer avec les 20% obtenus selon l'art antérieur et des 30% de fibres contenues dans les tiges de lin.Thanks to a scutching device in accordance with the various provisions presented in the description of the figures, it results in a scutching of the linseed stems making it possible to very significantly increase the yield of the long fibers by up to 25% and more, compared with the 20% obtained according to the prior art and 30% of fibers contained in the stems of flax.
On comprend que ce résultat permet d'améliorer de manière très sensible le rendement d'extraction des fibres de lin à partir des tiges, et ceci en particulier grâce au fait que, pour chaque unité de broyage 30, les rouleaux supérieur 31b et inférieur 31a de chaque paire de rouleaux de broyage (31-35) sont entraînés en rotation de manière synchronisée, les cannelures du rouleau supérieur 31b venant s'engrener, sans contact, entre deux cannelures du rouleau inférieur 31a.It is understood that this result makes it possible to very significantly improve the extraction efficiency of the flax fibers from the stems, and this in particular thanks to the fact that, for each grinding
De plus, lorsque, de préférence, un nettoyage est réalisé sur chaque unité de teillage, après le broyage, le broyage est facilité sur l'unité de teillage suivante. Un tel nettoyage est avantageusement réalisé par le biais de moyens de projection vers le bas d'un fluide et/ou de particules, qui réalisent l'extraction des déchets des tiges de lin, et en particulier un nettoyage des tiges par projection d'air sous pression (et/ou de percutants) entre chaque étape de broyage.In addition, when, preferably, cleaning is performed on each scutching unit, after grinding, grinding is facilitated on the next scutching unit. Such cleaning is advantageously achieved by means of downward projection of a fluid and / or particles, which perform the extraction of waste liners, and in particular cleaning the rods by air blasting under pressure (and / or percussive) between each grinding step.
Claims (11)
- A scutching device (10) for scutching flax or any other plant having a stem that contains cellulose fibers that can be separated by scutching, the device comprising:stem transporter means for transporting the stems in a drive direction (X) substantially perpendicular to the orientation of the stems, which means comprise at least one grip and drive assembly (60) for gripping and driving said stems; andat least one breaker unit (30) comprising at least one pair of superposed corrugated breaker rolls (31-35);the device being characterized in that, for each breaker unit (30), the upper and lower rolls (31b and 31a) of all of the pairs of breaker rolls (31-35) are driven in rotation synchronously, the corrugations of the upper roll (31b) meshing without contact between pairs of corrugations of the lower roll (31a), and in that all of the pairs of rolls (31-35) of each breaker unit (30) are set into motion by a single common transmission element (39a).
- A scutching device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that for each pair of breaker rolls (31-35), the lower roll (31a) is movable in substantially vertical tilting between a low position spaced apart from the upper roll (31b) of the corresponding pair, and a high position for meshing with said upper roll (31b).
- A scutching device (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that said lower roll (31a) is rendered movable by an assembly constituted by a pneumatic actuator and a lever arm, said assembly being associated with an adjustable stop against which said assembly comes to bear in said meshing position, thereby ensuring absence of contact between the corrugations of the upper roll (31b) and the corrugations of the lower roll (31a).
- A scutching device (10) according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the corrugations are shaped in such a manner that when one corrugation of the upper roll (31b) meshes between the two corrugations of the lower roll (31a), there exists a substantially constant gap (e) between said corrugations of the upper roll (31b) and said two corrugations of the lower roll (31a).
- A scutching device (10) according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the size of the corrugations of the breaker rolls (31-35) decreases from upstream to downstream along the scutching device (10).
- A scutching device (10) according to any preceding claim, characterized in that it includes at least three successive breaker units (30) and at least three grip and drive assemblies (60), each breaker unit (30) including at least three pairs of breaker rolls (31, 32, 33) disposed from upstream to downstream, and each breaker unit (30) being associated with one of said grip and the drive assemblies (60), and in that successive ones of said grip and drive assemblies (60) present drive directions that are laterally offset between one grip and the drive assembly (60) and the following assembly.
- A scutching device (10) according to claim 5 or claim 6, characterized in that from one breaker unit (30) to the next, each breaker unit (30) has breaker rolls (31-35) with corrugations of a size that is smaller than the size of the corrugations in the breaker unit (30) that precedes it in the drive direction (X) from upstream to downstream.
- A scutching device (10) according to any preceding claim, characterized in that said grip and drive assembly (60) includes a pair of moving endless cog belts (61, 62) that are flat, coming into contact one against the other to clamp a segment of the stem in order to retain it and drive it during the movement of the belts (61, 62).
- A scutching device (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that, for each scutching unit, the linear travel speed of the cog belts (61, 62) is adjusted as a function of the linear speed of rotation of the pitch diameter of the corrugations of the breaker rolls (31-35).
- A scutching device (10) according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the smallest corrugations present a M-shaped section.
- A scutching device (10) according to any preceding claim, characterized in that it further includes, downstream from the breaker unit (30) and in a zone situated above said grip and drive assembly (60), a fiber-cleaning unit (40) comprising means (42) for projecting a fluid and/or particles downwards towards the stems, whereby waste separated from the stems by the breaker unit (30) is extracted from the stems that are retained in said grip and drive assembly (60).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR0409715A FR2875244B1 (en) | 2004-09-14 | 2004-09-14 | TEILING DEVICE |
PCT/FR2005/050736 WO2006030158A1 (en) | 2004-09-14 | 2005-09-13 | Scutching device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1789612A1 EP1789612A1 (en) | 2007-05-30 |
EP1789612B1 true EP1789612B1 (en) | 2009-10-28 |
Family
ID=34950088
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP05799855A Not-in-force EP1789612B1 (en) | 2004-09-14 | 2005-09-13 | Scutching device |
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Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP1789612B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE447054T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602005017408D1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2875244B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006030158A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106637425A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-05-10 | 武汉纺织大学 | Ramie stamping and splitting water washing technology |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CZ2007235A3 (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-08 | AGRO - Merín, a.s. | Apparatus for treating plant stalks containing cellulose fibers |
CN101851789B (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2012-05-09 | 汉麻产业投资控股有限公司 | Fiber bundle dividing and washing method and device |
CN101787569A (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2010-07-28 | 湖南华升洞庭麻业有限公司 | Full-automatic ramie decorticator |
CN103276455B (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2015-11-11 | 武汉纺织大学 | Automatic ramie epidermin flax stamping device |
CN107502955B (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2022-11-29 | 姚国金 | Semi-automatic dual-purpose palm fiber processing machine |
CN110629291B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2024-03-19 | 江苏华茂自动化设备有限公司 | Discharging and pressing device of carding machine |
CN118122448B (en) * | 2024-05-08 | 2024-07-02 | 河北谊诚纤维素有限公司 | Cellulose ether raw material treatment device and treatment process |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB596329A (en) * | 1945-04-20 | 1948-01-01 | James Windrum | Improvements in and relating to machines for separating the boon or woody material from linseed waste straw and from the stalks of other bast plants |
US1132122A (en) * | 1913-05-24 | 1915-03-16 | Intercontinental Fiber & Paper Company | Machine for treating fibrous plants. |
GB169293A (en) * | 1920-06-25 | 1921-09-26 | Thomas Edward Mitchell | Improvements in machines for decorticating and scutching flax, hemp, jute and the like |
GB479734A (en) * | 1936-07-06 | 1938-02-07 | James Mccrae | Method of decorticating fibres obtained from the leaves of sisal and like plants |
DE665281C (en) * | 1936-10-10 | 1938-09-21 | Joseph Monforts | Method and device for loading flax stalks onto the conveyor belts of vibrating turbines |
FR981615A (en) * | 1949-01-03 | 1951-05-29 | Method and device for fragmenting the marrow of a textile plant | |
GB707654A (en) * | 1950-06-27 | 1954-04-21 | Maurice Soenens | Improved method and means for treating long textile fibres and plant stems for the production of material ready for spinning |
-
2004
- 2004-09-14 FR FR0409715A patent/FR2875244B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-09-13 WO PCT/FR2005/050736 patent/WO2006030158A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-09-13 AT AT05799855T patent/ATE447054T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-09-13 DE DE602005017408T patent/DE602005017408D1/en active Active
- 2005-09-13 EP EP05799855A patent/EP1789612B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106637425A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-05-10 | 武汉纺织大学 | Ramie stamping and splitting water washing technology |
CN106637425B (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2018-05-29 | 武汉纺织大学 | Ramie strikes the fine washing process of fiber crops point |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2875244B1 (en) | 2006-12-29 |
EP1789612A1 (en) | 2007-05-30 |
ATE447054T1 (en) | 2009-11-15 |
FR2875244A1 (en) | 2006-03-17 |
DE602005017408D1 (en) | 2009-12-10 |
WO2006030158A1 (en) | 2006-03-23 |
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