EP1789143B1 - Method and arrangement for producing compressed air foam for fire-fighting and decontamination - Google Patents
Method and arrangement for producing compressed air foam for fire-fighting and decontamination Download PDFInfo
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- EP1789143B1 EP1789143B1 EP05755066.7A EP05755066A EP1789143B1 EP 1789143 B1 EP1789143 B1 EP 1789143B1 EP 05755066 A EP05755066 A EP 05755066A EP 1789143 B1 EP1789143 B1 EP 1789143B1
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- foaming agent
- additive
- stream
- water
- foam
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C5/00—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
- A62C5/02—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use of foam
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the production of compressed air foam for fire fighting and decontamination, in which a main water flow is mixed with a foaming agent and the water foaming agent mixture is foamed in a VerDumungsumble with a compressed air flow, and further relates to an arrangement for carrying out the process.
- compressed air foam generation in the aforementioned type is from the publications US 4,474,680 A and DE 102 31 740 B3 known, the publication disclose compressed air foam generations, which provide a supply of additives to the compressed air foams from a plurality of storage containers.
- compressed air should always be understood as meaning also extinguishable compressed gases.
- the firefighting and decontamination of objects with compressed air foam have proven themselves in many applications.
- ready-made application-specific mixtures of shampoo formers and certain additives are provided.
- the invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method for compressed air foam production, which ensures a high efficiency in the type of fire or decontamination different conditions of use and application in the effect achieved and the amount of funds used and in terms of environmental impact, and low device technology effort to provide a facility for performing the method.
- the basic idea of the invention is in other words that in the compressed air foam production, that is, directly at the place of use, in a stream supplied to the main water flow from a foaming agent or directly into the main water stream at least one particular additive is added to the respective type of fire or adapted to the respective decontamination purpose and ensures an optimal effect of the compressed air foam in terms of a fast and safe fire fighting or decontamination. It was found that this already the feed each a single special additive is sufficient and that in particular with the exactly metered separate introduction of the additive in the foam flow good mixing in the foaming agent and in particular a uniform, fine distribution in extinguishing or decontamination foam with the result of maximum effectiveness of the additive with low consumption and reduced Environmental pollution is guaranteed. In particular, so different types of fire and different and differently contaminated objects can be effectively combated or decontaminated.
- the additive is first injected into an auxiliary and motive water stream, by sucking the respective additive according to the water jet pump principle, wherein a drawn from the main water flow for the extinguishing or decontamination agent auxiliary and motive water flow is generated by the same Zumischpumpe, which is also the foaming agent sucked from a foaming agent container.
- the introduction of the additive and the foaming agent in a water jet already ensures a good premix and finally for a uniform distribution in the main water flow.
- the admixing of foaming agent and additive takes place in different mixing ratios, in dependence on a pressure and a water volume flow control of the auxiliary and motive water flow in conjunction with the adjustable speed of the admixing pump.
- a pressure and a water volume flow control of the auxiliary and motive water flow in conjunction with the adjustable speed of the admixing pump.
- an antifreeze or detergent can be introduced into the system.
- the foam pressure and thus the quality of the compressed air foam produced with the additive and the foaming agent can also be influenced by modifying the foaming time with the aid of a valve arrangement.
- the inventive arrangement for carrying out the method comprises in the case of Additivzumischung to the foaming agent integrated into the main water flow mixer, in which the main water flow is mixed with the additive-water-foaming agent mixture.
- an additive container is provided which is in operative connection with the admixing pump.
- the admixing pump is connected to the main water flow for providing the auxiliary and motive water flow via a bypass line, to which the additive container and then the foaming agent container are connected in the flow direction first via a Venturi admixer.
- the admixing pump is preferably driven by a pneumatic motor, which removes the required drive air from the main air flow for the compressed air foaming and which can be controlled via an air pressure regulator and an air volume regulator.
- a pneumatic motor which removes the required drive air from the main air flow for the compressed air foaming and which can be controlled via an air pressure regulator and an air volume regulator.
- the pneumatic motor and a speed-controlled DC motor can be used, for which also the zero offset described below, the non-stalling motors can be applied.
- the Venturi-Zumischer are assigned a pressure sensor and a water pressure regulator upstream and downstream of a water volume flow regulator. About the respective pressure conditions and flow rates can be controlled by the required foaming agent and additive content can be adjusted.
- the mixer is provided with two injection nozzles with different k-value.
- compressed air foams can be provided according to the particular application, that is on the type of fire or decontamination, mixed with a locally mixed in different magnitude, evenly distributed in the foam additive and so one enable efficient firefighting and decontamination.
- the system is also simple in design, since the energy sources compressed air and water, which are required anyway for the generation of compressed foam, are used to operate the admixing system for the foaming agent and additive. In each case the same foaming only different additives need to be kept ready, but - mixed without demixing or clumping - fine and evenly distributed in the foaming agent and distributed equally contained in extinguishing or decontamination foam and thus can develop their full effect.
- the system is supplied by a fire pump or a pressure water reservoir (not shown) water, which passes through a water filter 2, a water pressure regulator 3, a water volume flow sensor 4 and a water pressure sensor 5 in a mixer 6.
- a mixture of a commercial foaming agent (SB) and a different fires or Dekontaminierungser Morrisissen for the specific application specific second component (Add) is supplied.
- the water volume flow mixed with the two components (foaming agent and additive) passes via a first and a second water volume flow control valve 8 or 9 into a first or second expansion section 10 and 11, in which the respective water mixture is foamed with the aid of compressed air.
- the first or second compressed-air foam produced in this way flows via foam pressure sensors 12 or 13 and electro-pneumatically controlled valves 14, 15 and 16, 17, which form a closed control loop with the controller 1 for adjusting the foam consistency and thus the respective foam quality respective foam ejection device (not shown).
- the supply of compressed air into the VerMmungsumblen 10, 11 carried by a compressed air source or a compressor (not shown) via an air filter 18, an air pressure regulator 19, an air pressure sensor 20 and the respective VerDmungsplex 10, 11 respectively upstream first and second air flow control valves 21st
- the mixer 6 in the water volume flow is a foaming agent and adapted to the particular application additive, with a certain Brand targeted and effective than previously can be combated, injected.
- the admixture takes place from a foam container 23 and an additive container 24, which was filled prior to use with an adapted to the type of fire or decontaminated substances and highly effective, but not permanently and homogeneously miscible additive with the foaming agent.
- the foaming agent tank 23 and the additive tank 24 are connected to a bypass line 25 which branches off from the total water volume flow behind the water filter 2 and ends at the other end in the injection nozzles 7 of the mixer 6.
- a Zumischpumpe 26 is involved, in the Bypas Gustav 25 a water pressure regulator 27, a Venturi 28 and a water volume flow controller 29 are connected upstream.
- the additive container 24 is connected via a valve 30, while a delivery line from the Schaumsentner notioner 23 before the admixing pump 26 opens directly into the bypass line 25.
- a valve 31 for flushing and venting the admixing pump 26 and a flow meter 32 are involved.
- the admixing pump 26 is driven by a pneumatic motor 33, which is connected via an air pressure regulator 34 for adjusting the operating pressure and an air volume flow control valve 35 for controlling the engine speed to the compressed air supply behind the air filter 18.
- foaming agent with additive is injected into the funded by the mixer 6 water volume flow.
- the foaming agent-additive-water mixture flows via the water volume flow control valve 8 and / or 9 and the Druckbuchschaumerzeuger 10 and / or 11, in the air volume flow control valve 21 and / or 22 compressed air with predetermined pressure and volume parameters is introduced.
- the foam quality of the compressed air foam (not shown) by means of foam ejection devices depends on the flow rate and thus the residence time of the foam in the expansion section 10, 11 and is determined by the foam pressure determined by the foam pressure sensors 12, 13 with the valves 14, 15 and 16, respectively. 17 regulated (foam pressure control).
- the rotational speed of the pneumatic motor 33 of the admixing pump 26 is controlled via the air volume flow control valve 35.
- the control target signal for the engine speed forms the controller 1 in connection with the pump characteristic from the setpoint specification for the foaming / additive admixing rate and the actual value of the water volume flow sensor 4.
- the pressure sensor 32 measures the pressure difference between the output pressure at the admixing pump 26 and the flow pressure of the water at the inlet of the mixer 6.
- the foaming agent / additive mixture is injected via the injection nozzles 7 in the water stream.
- the volume flows flowing through the respective injection nozzle 7 as a function of the differential pressure are stored in the controller 1 as a parameter table.
- a pressure-dependent mixing control of the foaming agent and of the additive is realized by way of the setpoint specifications in comparison with the water volume flow determined with the water volume flow sensor 4, the speed control of the mixing pump 26, the abovementioned pressure difference measurement and the parameter tables stored in the controller 1.
- the admixture of smaller or defined within certain limits volume flows with an injection nozzle 7 with a small k-value, while at higher flow rates via the valve 36, the second injection nozzle 7 is switched on with a larger k value and thus a maximum volume flow is secured to the admixture of foaming agent-additive mixture.
- the respective compressed-air foam generator 10, 11 is preceded by a volume flow control valve 8, 9 for the water-foaming agent-additive mixture and an air volume flow control valve 21, 22, in order to be able to provide very small volume flows, in particular during decontamination.
- the admixture of the foaming agent and the other - according to the respective fire or the respective Dekontaminationsaufgabe specific - component is carried out with the admixing pump 26 - is - driven to adjust the flow - with the over the air flow control valve 35 in the speed controllable pneumatic motor 33.
- About the connected to the main water flow bypass line is sucked by the admixing pump 26 - via the water pressure regulator 27 and the Venturi 28 and the water volume flow regulator 29 - water.
- the pneumatic motors are usually designed as Druckbuchlamellenmotore are not stalled at a certain speed, ie stop at low speeds with high torques, so that on the one hand in an accident, no mechanical damage to be feared, on the other hand, the Zumischpumpen not directly continuously from standstill can be driven to the maximum speed, in the Bypastechnisch on the suction side of the admixing pump 26 is a defined by the water pressure regulator 27 and the water volume flow controller 29 water volume flow injected in a size that would promote the Zumischpumpe 26 at AbBrugecard or AbBrugecompiere the pneumatic motor 33. In order to the injected water volume flow is allowed to flow, the admixing pump 26 must rotate at the stall speed.
- the auxiliary water volume flow can be shut off by closing the water volume flow regulator 29 and the entire delivery volume of the admixing pump 26 can be used to convey foam.
- the zero offset of the non-stalling pneumatic motor 33 caused by the arrangement described above can equally be used for speed-controlled DC motors that can be used instead of the pneumatic motor.
- auxiliary water flow at a set pressure by the water pressure regulator 27 Venturi 28 is sucked under reducing the differential pressure with the help of the water volume flow controller 29 from the additive tank 24 with the valve 30 open the foaming agent in case of need zuzumischende second component proportional to the differential pressure and with the auxiliary water flow intensively mixed, if by means of the air volume flow control valve at the same time the speed of the admixing pump 26 is increased.
- the admixing pump 26 sucks simultaneously with the auxiliary water volume flow and the additive also the foaming agent from the foaming agent tank 23, wherein both partial streams are mixed intensively with each other.
- the main water flow in the mixer 6 can thus at the same time a foaming agent and additionally a suitable for the specific application case additive are added, so that with a particular special compressed air foam targeted, highly effective fire fighting or decontamination is possible.
- the foaming agent and the additive can be mixed in the respectively required order of magnitude in a variable ratio.
- the foaming agent and the additive can also be mixed in each case alone, for the foaming agent in the size between zero and a maximum relative to the delivery volume of the mixing pump 26 and for the additive up to 1.6 times the auxiliary flowing through the Venturi 28 and motive water flow.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Druckluftschaum für die Brandbekämpfung und Dekontamination, bei dem ein Hauptwasserstrom mit einem Schaumbildnerstrom vermischt wird und das Wasser-Schaumbildner-Gemisch in einer Verschäumungsstrecke mit einem Druckluftstrom aufgeschäumt wird, und bezieht sich weiterhin auf eine Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a process for the production of compressed air foam for fire fighting and decontamination, in which a main water flow is mixed with a foaming agent and the water foaming agent mixture is foamed in a Verschäumungsstrecke with a compressed air flow, and further relates to an arrangement for carrying out the process.
Die Druckluftschaumerzeugung in der eingangs erwähnten Art ist aus den Druckschriften
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe mit einem Verfahren und einer Vorrichtung gemäß den Merkmalen der Ansprüche 1 und 6 gelöst. Weitere Merkmale und vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den jeweiligen Unteransprüchen.According to the invention the object is achieved with a method and a device according to the features of
Der Grundgedanke der Erfindung besteht mit anderen Worten darin, dass bei der Druckluftschaumherstellung, das heißt, unmittelbar am Einsatzort, in einen dem Hauptwasserstrom zugeführten Strom aus einem Schaumbildner oder unmittelbar in den Hauptwasserstrom mindestens ein jeweils spezifisches Additiv zugemischt wird, das an die jeweilige Brandart oder den jeweiligen Dekontaminierungszweck angepasst ist und eine optimale Wirkung des Druckluftschaums im Hinblick auf eine schnelle und sichere Brandbekämpfung oder Dekontamination gewährleistet. Es wurde gefunden, dass hierzu bereits die Zufuhr jeweils eines einzigen speziellen Additivs ausreichend ist und dass insbesondere mit der genau dosierten separaten Einleitung des Additivs in den Schaummittelstrom eine gute Durchmischung im Schaumbildner und insbesondere eine gleichmäßige, feine Verteilung im Lösch- oder Dekontaminationsschaum mit der Folge einer maximalen Wirksamkeit des Additivs bei geringem Verbrauch und verminderter Umweltbelastung gewährleistet ist. Insbesondere können so unterschiedliche Brandarten und verschiedene und unterschiedlich kontaminierte Objekte wirksam bekämpft bzw. dekontaminiert werden.The basic idea of the invention is in other words that in the compressed air foam production, that is, directly at the place of use, in a stream supplied to the main water flow from a foaming agent or directly into the main water stream at least one particular additive is added to the respective type of fire or adapted to the respective decontamination purpose and ensures an optimal effect of the compressed air foam in terms of a fast and safe fire fighting or decontamination. It was found that this already the feed each a single special additive is sufficient and that in particular with the exactly metered separate introduction of the additive in the foam flow good mixing in the foaming agent and in particular a uniform, fine distribution in extinguishing or decontamination foam with the result of maximum effectiveness of the additive with low consumption and reduced Environmental pollution is guaranteed. In particular, so different types of fire and different and differently contaminated objects can be effectively combated or decontaminated.
Dazu wird das Additiv zunächst in einen Hilfs- und Treibwasserstrom injiziert, und zwar durch Ansaugen des jeweiligen Additivs nach dem Wasserstrahlpumpenprinzip, wobei ein aus dem Hauptwasserstrom für das Lösch- oder Dekontaminationsmittel abgesaugter Hilfs- und Treibwasserstrom durch dieselbe Zumischpumpe erzeugt wird, die auch den Schaumbildner aus einem Schaumbildnerbehälter ansaugt. Das Einbringen des Additivs und des Schaumbildners in einen Wasserstrahl sorgt bereits für eine gute Vormischung und schließlich für eine gleichmäßige Verteilung im Hauptwasserstrom.For this purpose, the additive is first injected into an auxiliary and motive water stream, by sucking the respective additive according to the water jet pump principle, wherein a drawn from the main water flow for the extinguishing or decontamination agent auxiliary and motive water flow is generated by the same Zumischpumpe, which is also the foaming agent sucked from a foaming agent container. The introduction of the additive and the foaming agent in a water jet already ensures a good premix and finally for a uniform distribution in the main water flow.
In weiterer Ausbildung der Erfindung erfolgt die Zumischung von Schaumbildner und Additiv in unterschiedlichen Mischungsverhältnissen, und zwar in Abhängigkeit von einer Druck- und einer Wasservolumenstromregelung des Hilfs- und Treibwasserstroms in Verbindung mit der einstellbaren Drehzahl der Zumischpumpe. Selbstverständlich ist es möglich, dass auch nur Schaumbildner oder nur das jeweilige Additiv oder auch keins von beiden in den Hauptwasserstrom eingebracht wird.In a further embodiment of the invention, the admixing of foaming agent and additive takes place in different mixing ratios, in dependence on a pressure and a water volume flow control of the auxiliary and motive water flow in conjunction with the adjustable speed of the admixing pump. Of course, it is possible that only foaming agent or only the respective additive or none of both is introduced into the main water flow.
In Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens kann anstelle des Additivs mit dem Hilfs- und Treibwasserstrahl auch ein Frostschutz- oder Spülmittel in die Anlage eingebracht werden.In an embodiment of the method, instead of the additive with the auxiliary and propulsion water jet, an antifreeze or detergent can be introduced into the system.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung kann der Schaumdruck und damit die Qualität des mit dem Additiv und dem Schaumbildner hergestellten Druckluftschaums auch durch Modifizierung der Verschäumungsdauer mit Hilfe einer Ventilanordnung beeinflusst werden.In a further embodiment, the foam pressure and thus the quality of the compressed air foam produced with the additive and the foaming agent can also be influenced by modifying the foaming time with the aid of a valve arrangement.
Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens umfasst im Falle der Additivzumischung zum Schaumbildner einen in den Hauptwasserstrom eingebundenen Mischer, in dem der Hauptwasserstrom mit dem Additiv-Wasser-Schaumbildner-Gemisch vermischt wird. Zur Vermischung des mit einer Zumischpumpe angesaugten Schaumbildners mit dem jeweiligen Additiv ist ein Additivbehälter vorgesehen, der mit der Zumischpumpe in Wirkverbindung steht. Die Zumischpumpe ist zur Bereitstellung des Hilfs- und Treibwasserstroms über eine Bypasleitung, an die in Strömungsrichtung zunächst über einen Venturi-Zumischer der Additivbehälter und dann der Schaumbildnerbehälter angeschlossen sind, mit dem Hauptwasserstrom verbunden. Die Zumischpumpe wird vorzugsweise mit einem Pneumatikmotor angetrieben, der die erforderliche Antriebsluft aus dem Hauptluftstrom für die Druckluftverschäumung entnimmt und der über einen Luftdruck- und einen Luftvolumenstromregler regelbar ist. Anstelle des Pneumatikmotors kann auch ein drehzahlgesteuerter Gleichstrommotor verwendet werden, für den auch die weiter unten beschriebene Nullpunktverschiebung der nicht abwürgefesten Motoren angewendet werden kann. Dem Venturi-Zumischer sind ein Drucksensor zugeordnet sowie ein Wasserdruckregler vor- und ein Wasservolumenstromregler nachgeschaltet. Über die jeweiligen Druckverhältnisse und Volumenströme kann über eine Steuerung der jeweils erforderliche Schaumbildner und Additivanteil eingestellt werden. Zum Einbringen des Schaumbildner-Additiv-Wassergemisches in unterschiedlicher Größenordnung in den Hauptwasserstrom ist der Mischer mit zwei Einspritzdüsen mit unterschiedlichem k-Wert versehen.The inventive arrangement for carrying out the method comprises in the case of Additivzumischung to the foaming agent integrated into the main water flow mixer, in which the main water flow is mixed with the additive-water-foaming agent mixture. To mix the foaming agent sucked with an admixing pump with the respective additive, an additive container is provided which is in operative connection with the admixing pump. The admixing pump is connected to the main water flow for providing the auxiliary and motive water flow via a bypass line, to which the additive container and then the foaming agent container are connected in the flow direction first via a Venturi admixer. The admixing pump is preferably driven by a pneumatic motor, which removes the required drive air from the main air flow for the compressed air foaming and which can be controlled via an air pressure regulator and an air volume regulator. Instead of the pneumatic motor and a speed-controlled DC motor can be used, for which also the zero offset described below, the non-stalling motors can be applied. The Venturi-Zumischer are assigned a pressure sensor and a water pressure regulator upstream and downstream of a water volume flow regulator. About the respective pressure conditions and flow rates can be controlled by the required foaming agent and additive content can be adjusted. For introducing the foaming agent-additive-water mixture of different magnitude into the main water flow, the mixer is provided with two injection nozzles with different k-value.
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung können gemäß dem oben beschriebenen Verfahren Druckluftschäume bereitgestellt werden, die entsprechend dem jeweiligen Einsatzfall, das heißt nach Art des Brandes oder der Dekontamination, mit einem vor Ort in unterschiedlicher Größenordnung zugemischten, in dem Schaum gleichmäßig verteilten Additiv versehen sind und so eine effiziente Brandbekämpfung und Dekontamination ermöglichen. Die Anlage ist zudem einfach ausgebildet, da für den Betrieb der Zumischanlage für Schaumbildner und Additiv die ohnehin für die Druckschaumerzeugung notwendigen Energieträger Druckluft und - wasser eingesetzt werden. Bei jeweils gleichen Schaumbildnern brauchen nur unterschiedliche Additive bereitgehalten zu werden, die aber - ohne Entmischungs- oder Verklumpungserscheinungen - fein und gleichmäßig verteilt in den Schaumbildner eingemischt und gleichermaßen verteilt auch im Lösch- oder Dekontaminationsschaum enthalten sind und somit ihre volle Wirkung entfalten können.With the arrangement according to the invention compressed air foams can be provided according to the particular application, that is on the type of fire or decontamination, mixed with a locally mixed in different magnitude, evenly distributed in the foam additive and so one enable efficient firefighting and decontamination. The system is also simple in design, since the energy sources compressed air and water, which are required anyway for the generation of compressed foam, are used to operate the admixing system for the foaming agent and additive. In each case the same foaming only different additives need to be kept ready, but - mixed without demixing or clumping - fine and evenly distributed in the foaming agent and distributed equally contained in extinguishing or decontamination foam and thus can develop their full effect.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnung, in deren einziger Figur der prinzipielle Aufbau einer Anlage zur Erzeugung eines Zweikomponentenschaums mit zwei Schaumerzeugungsstrecken unterschiedlicher Schaumerzeugungsleistung schematisch dargestellt ist, näher erläutert.An embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, in the single figure of the basic structure of a system for producing a two-component foam with two foam production lines different foam generation performance is shown schematically.
Zur Überwachung und Steuerung der Anlage ist dieser eine mit den anlagenspezifischen Sensoren und Regelventilen zusammenwirkende speicher-programmierbare Steuerung 1 mit digitalen und analogen elektrischen Ein- und Ausgängen zugeordnet.For monitoring and control of the system this is a cooperating with the system-specific sensors and control valves memory-
Der Anlage wird von einer Feuerlöschpumpe oder einem Druckwasserreservoir (nicht dargestellt) Wasser zugeführt, das über ein Wasserfilter 2, einen Wasserdruckregler 3, einen Wasservolumenstromsensor 4 und einen Wasserdrucksensor 5 in einen Mischer 6 gelangt. In den Mischer 6 münden zwei Einspritzdüsen 7 mit unterschiedlichem k-Wert, über die dem Wasservolumenstrom ein Gemisch aus einem handelsüblichen Schaumbildner (SB) und einer bei unterschiedlichen Bränden oder Dekontaminierungserfordernissen für den jeweiligen Einsatzfall spezifischen zweiten Komponente (Add) zugeführt wird. Der mit den beiden Komponenten (Schaumbildner und Additiv) vermischte Wasservolumenstrom gelangt über ein erstes und ein zweites Wasservolumenstrom-Regelventil 8 bzw. 9 in eine erste bzw. zweite Verschäumungsstrecke 10 und 11, in der das jeweilige Wassergemisch mit Hilfe von Druckluft aufgeschäumt wird. Der so erzeugte erste bzw. zweite Druckluftschaum strömt über Schaumdrucksensoren 12 bzw. 13 und elektro-pneumatisch gesteuerte Ventile 14,15 bzw. 16, 17, die mit der Steuerung 1 einen geschlossenen Regelkreis zur Einstellung der Schaumkonsistenz und damit der jeweiligen Schaumqualität bilden, zur jeweiligen Schaumauswurfvorrichtung (nicht dargestellt). Die Zuführung der Druckluft in die Verschämungsstrecken 10, 11 erfolgt von einer Druckluftquelle oder einem Verdichter (nicht dargestellt) über ein Luftfilter 18, einen Luftdruckregler 19, einen Luftdrucksensor 20 und der jeweiligen Verschämungsstrecke 10, 11 jeweils vorgeschaltete erste und zweite Luftvolumenstrom-Regelventile 21.The system is supplied by a fire pump or a pressure water reservoir (not shown) water, which passes through a
Wie oben erwähnt, wird mit dem Mischer 6 in den Wasservolumenstrom ein Schaumbildner und ein an den jeweiligen Einsatzfall angepasstes Additiv, mit dem ein bestimmter Brand zielgerichtet und effektiver als bisher bekämpft werden kann, injiziert. Die Zumischung erfolgt aus einem Schaummittelbehälter 23 und einem Additiv-Behälter 24, der vor dem Einsatz mit einem an die Art des Brandes oder der zu dekontaminierenden Stoffe angepassten und hochwirksamen, jedoch mit dem Schaumbildner nicht dauerhaft und homogen mischbaren Additiv, gefüllt wurde. Der Schaummittelbehälter 23 und der Additivbehälter 24 sind an eine aus dem Gesamtwasservolumenstrom hinter dem Wasserfilter 2 abgezweigte Bypasleitung 25, die am anderen Ende in den Einspritzdüsen 7 des Mischers 6 endet, angeschlossen. In die Bypasleitung 25 ist eine Zumischpumpe 26 eingebunden, der in der Bypasleitung 25 ein Wasserdruckregler 27, ein Venturizumischer 28 und ein Wasservolumenstromregler 29 vorgeschaltet sind. An den Venturizumischer 28 ist der Additivbehälter 24 über ein Ventil 30 angeschlossen, während eine Förderleitung aus dem Schaumbildnerbehälter 23 vor der Zumischpumpe 26 unmittelbar in die Bypasleitung 25 mündet. In den Teil der Bypasleitung 25, der zwischen dem Mischer 7 und der Zumischpumpe 26 liegt, sind ein Ventil 31 zum Spülen und Entlüften der Zumischpumpe 26 sowie ein Durchflussmessgerät 32 eingebunden. Die Zumischpumpe 26 wird über einen Pneumatikmotor 33 angetrieben, der über einen Luftdruckregler 34 zur Einstellung des Betriebsdruckes und ein Luftvolumenstromregelventil 35 zur Steuerung der Motordrehzahl an die Druckluftzufuhr hinter dem Luftfilter 18 angeschlossen ist.As mentioned above, with the
Der über die Bypasleitung 25 zugeführte Schaumbildner mit Additiv wird in den durch den Mischer 6 geförderten Wasservolumestrom injiziert. Das Schaumbildner-Additiv-Wasser-Gemisch strömt über das Wasservolumenstromregelventil 8 und/oder 9 und die Druckluftschaumerzeuger 10 und/oder 11, in den über das Luftvolumenstromregelventil 21 und/oder 22 Druckluft mit vorgegebenen Druck- und Volumenparametern eingebracht wird. Die Schaumqualität des mittels Schaumauswurfvorrichtungen (nicht dargestellt) ausgebrachten Druckluftschaums hängt von der Fließgeschwindigkeit und damit der Verweilzeit des Schaums in der Verschäumungsstrecke 10, 11 ab und wird über den von den Schaumdrucksensoren 12, 13 ermittelten Schaumdruck mit den Ventilen 14, 15 bzw. 16, 17 geregelt (Schaumdruckregelung).The supplied via the
Die Drehzahl des Pneumatikmotors 33 der Zumischpumpe 26 wird über das Luftvolumenstromregelventil 35 gesteuert. Das Steuersollsignal für die Motordrehzahl bildet die Steuerung 1 im Zusammenhang mit der Pumpenkennlinie aus der Sollwertvorgabe für die Schaumbildner/Additiv-Zumischrate und dem Istwert des Wasservolumenstromsensors 4. In der hier dargestellten Ausführungsform - ohne Verwendung eines Volumenstrommessers für das Schaummittel - wird mittels des Wasserdrucksensors 5 und des Drucksensors 32 die Druckdifferenz zwischen dem Ausgangsdruck an der Zumischpumpe 26 und dem Fließdruck des Wassers am Eingang des Mischers 6 gemessen. Das Schaumbildner/Additiv-Gemisch wird über die Einspritzdüsen 7 in den Wasserstrom injiziert. Die in Abhängigkeit vom Differenzdruck über die jeweilige Einspritzdüse 7 durch diese fließenden Volumenströme sind als Parametertabelle in der Steuerung 1 gespeichert. Über den Weg der Sollwertvorgaben im Vergleich zu dem mit dem Wasservolumenstromsensor 4 ermittelten Wasservolumenstrom, der Drehzahlsteuerung der Zumischpumpe 26, der oben erwähnten Druckdifferenzmessung und den in der Steuerung 1 abgelegten Parametertabellen wird eine druckabhängige Zumischsteuerung des Schaumbildners und des Additivs realisiert. Zur Gewährleistung möglichst kleiner Druck-Volumenstrom-Kurven erfolgt die Zumischung von kleineren oder in bestimmten Grenzen festgelegten Volumenströmen mit einer Einspritzdüse 7 mit kleinem k-Wert, während bei größeren Volumenströmen über das Ventil 36 die zweite Einspritzdüse 7 mit größerem k-Wert zugeschaltet wird und damit ein maximaler Volumenstrom zur Zumischung von Schaumbildner-Additiv-Gemisch gesichert ist.The rotational speed of the
Gemäß dem vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel ist dem jeweiligen Druckluftschaumerzeuger 10, 11 ein Volumenstromregelventil 8, 9 für das Wasser-Schaumbildner-Additiv-Gemisch sowie ein Luftvolumenstromregelventil 21, 22 vorgeschaltet, um - insbesondere bei der Dekontamination - auch sehr kleine Volumenströme bereitstellen zu können.According to the present exemplary embodiment, the respective compressed-
Die Zumischung des Schaumbildners und der weiteren - entsprechend dem jeweiligen Brand oder der jeweiligen Dekontaminationsaufgabe spezifischen - Komponente erfolgt mit der Zumischpumpe 26, die - zur Einstellung der Fördermenge - mit dem über das Luftvolumenstromventil 35 in der Drehzahl regelbaren Pneumatikmotor 33 angetrieben wird. Über die an den Hauptwasserstrom angeschlossene Bypasleitung wird mittels der Zumischpumpe 26 - über den Wasserdruckregler 27 und den Venturizumischer 28 sowie den Wasservolumenstromregler 29 - Wasser angesaugt.The admixture of the foaming agent and the other - according to the respective fire or the respective Dekontaminationsaufgabe specific - component is carried out with the admixing pump 26 - is - driven to adjust the flow - with the over the air
Da die in der Regel als Druckluftlamellenmotore ausgebildeten Pneumatikmotore bei einer bestimmten Drehzahl nicht abwürgefest sind, d.h. bei kleinen Drehzahlen mit hohen Drehmomenten stehen bleiben, so dass einerseits bei einer Havarie zwar keine mechanischen Zerstörungen zu befürchten sind, andererseits aber die Zumischpumpen nicht direkt kontinuierlich vom Stillstand bis zur maximalen Drehzahl angetrieben werden können, wird in die Bypasleitung an der Saugseite der Zumischpumpe 26 ein durch den Wasserdruckregler 27 und den Wasservolumenstromregler 29 definierter Wasservolumenstrom in einer Größe injiziert, die die Zumischpumpe 26 beim Abwürgedrehmoment bzw. der Abwürgedrehzahl des Pneumatikmotors 33 fördern würde. Damit der injizierte Wasservolumenstrom fließen kann, muss die Zumischpumpe 26 mit der Abwürgedrehzahl drehen. Bei Erhöhung der Drehzahl wird infolge des begrenzten injizierten Wasservolumenstroms drehzahlproportional Schaumbildner in der gewünschten - zwischen Null und einem Maximum liegenden - Menge aus dem Schaummittelbehälter 23 angesaugt. Durch den injizierten Wasservolumenstrom kann die Zumischpumpe nicht trockenlaufen und der Ansaugprozess beim Ansaugen des Schaummittels wird unterstützt. Sofern kein Additiv als brand- oder dekontaminationsspezifische zweite Komponente angesaugt werden soll, kann der Hilfswasservolumenstrom durch Schließen des Wasservolumenstromreglers 29 abgestellt und das gesamte Fördervolumen der Zumischpumpe 26 zur Schaummittelförderung genutzt werden. Die mit der zuvor beschriebenen Anordnung bewirkte Nullpunktverschiebung des nicht abwürgefesten Pneumatikmotors 33 kann gleichermaßen für anstelle des Pneumatikmotors einsetzbare drehzahlgesteuerte Gleichstrommotore genutzt werden.Since the pneumatic motors are usually designed as Druckluftlamellenmotore are not stalled at a certain speed, ie stop at low speeds with high torques, so that on the one hand in an accident, no mechanical damage to be feared, on the other hand, the Zumischpumpen not directly continuously from standstill can be driven to the maximum speed, in the Bypasleitung on the suction side of the
Über den von dem oben erwähnten Hilfswasserstrom bei einem durch den Wasserdruckregler 27 eingestellten Druck durchströmten Venturizumischer 28 wird unter Reduzierung des Differenzdruckes mit Hilfe des Wasservolumenstromreglers 29 aus dem Additivbehälter 24 bei geöffnetem Ventil 30 die dem Schaumbildner im Bedarfsfall zuzumischende zweite Komponente proportional zum Differenzdruck angesaugt und mit dem Hilfswasserstrom intensiv vermischt, wenn mittels des Luftvolumenstromregelventils gleichzeitig die Drehzahl der Zumischpumpe 26 erhöht wird. Bei erhöhter Pumpendrehzahl und gleichzeitig konstantem Differenzdruck über den Venturizumischer 28 saugt die Zumischpumpe 26 gleichzeitig mit dem Hilfswasservolumenstrom und dem Additiv auch das Schaummittel aus dem Schaummittelbehälter 23 an, wobei beide Teilströme intensiv miteinander vermischt werden.About the above-mentioned auxiliary water flow at a set pressure by the
Dem Hauptwasserstrom im Mischer 6 kann somit gleichzeitig ein Schaumbildner und zusätzlich ein für den spezifischen Einsatzfall geeignetes Additiv hinzugefügt werden, so dass mit einem jeweils speziellen Druckluftschaum eine gezielte, hochwirksame Brandbekämpfung oder Dekontamination möglich ist. Der Schaumbildner und das Additiv können in der jeweils erforderlichen Größenordnung in einem variablen Verhältnis gemischt werden. Das Schaummittel und das Additiv können auch jeweils allein zugemischt werden, und zwar für das Schaummittel in der Größe zwischen Null und einem auf das Fördervolumen der Zumischpumpe 26 bezogenen Maximum und für das Additiv bis zum 1,6-fachen des durch den Venturizumischer 28 fließenden Hilfs- und Treibwasserstroms.The main water flow in the
- 11
- Steuerungcontrol
- 22
- Wasserfilterwater filters
- 33
- WasserdruckreglerWater pressure regulator
- 44
- WasservolumenstromsensorWater flow sensor
- 55
- WasserdrucksensorWater pressure sensor
- 66
- Mischermixer
- 77
- Einspritzdüseninjectors
- 88th
- Erstes Volumenstromregelventil (Wasser)First volume flow control valve (water)
- 99
- Zweites Volumenstromregelventil (Wasser)Second flow control valve (water)
- 1010
- Erste VerschäumungsstreckeFirst foaming section
- 1111
- Zweite VerschäumungsstreckeSecond expansion section
- 1212
- Erster SchaumdrucksensorFirst foam pressure sensor
- 1313
- Zweiter SchaumdrucksensorSecond foam pressure sensor
- 1414
- VentilValve
- 1515
- VentilValve
- 1616
- VentilValve
- 1717
- VentilValve
- 1818
- Luftfilterair filter
- 1919
- LuftdruckreglerAir pressure regulator
- 2020
- LuftdrucksensorAir pressure sensor
- 2121
- Erstes LuftvolumenstromregelventilFirst air volume control valve
- 2222
- Zweites LuftvolumenstromregelventilSecond airflow control valve
- 2323
- SchaumbildnerbehälterFoaming agent tank
- 2424
- Additivbehälteradditive tank
- 2525
- BypasleitungBypasleitung
- 2626
- Zumischpumpeadmixing
- 2727
- WasserdruckreglerWater pressure regulator
- 2828
- Venturi-ZumischerVenturi proportioner
- 2929
- WasservolumenstromreglerWater flow regulator
- 3030
- VentilValve
- 3131
- VentilValve
- 3232
- Drucksensorpressure sensor
- 3333
- Pneumatikmotorpneumatic motor
- 3434
- LuftdruckreglerAir pressure regulator
- 3535
- LuftvolumenstromregelventilAir volume control valve
- 3636
- VentilValve
- 3737
- Drucksensorpressure sensor
- Pfeil AArrow A.
- HauptwasserstromMain water flow
- Pfeil BArrow B
- HauptluftstromMain air flow
- Pfeil CArrow C
- Hilfs- und TreibwasserstromAuxiliary and motive water stream
- Pfeil DArrow D
- AntriebsluftstromDrive airflow
Claims (11)
- A method for producing compressed air foam for firefighting and for decontamination in which a main water stream (A) is mixed with a foaming agent stream and the water-foaming agent mixture is loaded with a compressed air stream (B) in a foaming line (10, 11), wherein at least one additive (Add) adjusted to the application case and specific to firefighting or to decontamination is injected into the foaming agent stream and/or the main water stream (A) and when the additive is admixed to the foaming agent stream, said stream is produced by a pneumatically or electrically operated admixing pump (26) that is connected to a foaming agent reservoir (23) and that also aspirates an auxiliary and motive water stream (C) from the main water stream (A) and injects it into the admixing pump (26) for its zero shift, the additive (Add) being firstly suctioned off a separate reservoir (24) using the auxiliary and motive water stream (C), then intermixed with that stream, then sucked into the additive-water mixture of the foaming agents.
- The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the foaming agent (SB) and the additive (Add) are injected together with the auxiliary and motive water stream (C) at variable mixing ratios with portions between zero and a maximum value into the main water stream (A).
- The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the auxiliary and motive water (C) volume stream is set via a pressure and water volume flowrate control system using the pump speed of the admixing pump (26) so that the foaming agent and additive (Add) in the auxiliary and motive water stream (C) are intermixed in variable compositions depending on the differential pressure measured for the additive (Add) using a Venturi mixer (28) and the speed of the admixing pump (26).
- The method according to claim 1, characterized in that either only the foaming agent (SB) at quantities from zero to a maximum value in relation to the delivery capacity of the admixing pump (26) or only the additive (Add) is mixed to the main water stream (A) together with the auxiliary and motive water stream (C).
- The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the foam quality of the compressed air foam formed from the foaming agent (SB) and the additive (Add) is additionally adjusted using its flow rate through the foaming line (11) and its dwell time in the foaming line (10, 11) of the foam generator by regulating the foam pressure with valves (14, 15, 16, 17).
- An arrangement for performing the method according to claim 1, comprising a mixer (6) for a foaming agent (SB) integrated into the main water stream (A), and a foaming line (10, 11) through which the water-foaming agent mixture flows and into which a main compressed air stream (B) runs for foaming the water-foaming agent mixture, as well as an mixing pump (26) driven by a pneumatic motor or speed-controlled DC motor for aspirating the foaming agent (SB) from a foaming agent tank (23) and introducing it into the mixer, characterized in that an additive container (24) filled with an additive (Add) that is specific to firefighting or to decontamination is also connected to said mixing pump (26) and when the additive is mixed to the foaming agent stream, the admixing pump (26) is connected to the main water stream (A) via a bypass line (25) and an auxiliary and motive water 5 stream (C) runs through it, and that the foaming agent tank (23) and via a Venturi mixer (28) the additive container (24) are connected to the bypass line (25); that a pressure sensor (37) is assigned to the Venturi mixer and a water pressure controller (27) is inserted upstream and a water volume flowrate control unit (29) is inserted downstream of the Venturi mixer.
- The arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that a pneumatic motor (33) driving the admixing pump (26) is connected to the main air stream (B) for providing a driving air stream (D), and that an air pressure controller (34) and an air volume flowrate control unit (35) are integrated into a feed line for the driving air stream (D).
- The arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that a valve (30) for shutting the connecting line off is integrated into a connecting line between the Venturi mixer (28) and the additive container (24).
- The arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that a pressure sensor (32) and a valve (31) connected with a collecting basin are inserted in the connecting line between the mixing pump (26) and the mixer (6).
- The arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that at least two injection nozzles (7) with different k values connected to the connecting line with the admixing pump (26) are associated with the mixer (6), and that a valve (36) is placed upstream of the injection nozzle (7) with the greater k value.
- The arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that a foam pressure sensor (12, 13) and a valve arrangement (14, 15; 16, 17) for foam pressure adjustment are placed downstream of the compressed air foam generator (10, 11).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102004032020A DE102004032020B4 (en) | 2004-06-28 | 2004-06-28 | Process and arrangement for the production of compressed air foam for fire fighting and decontamination |
PCT/DE2005/000959 WO2006000177A2 (en) | 2004-06-28 | 2005-05-19 | Method and arrangement for producing compressed air foam for fire-fighting and decontamination |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1789143A2 EP1789143A2 (en) | 2007-05-30 |
EP1789143B1 true EP1789143B1 (en) | 2015-08-12 |
EP1789143B8 EP1789143B8 (en) | 2015-12-30 |
Family
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP05755066.7A Not-in-force EP1789143B8 (en) | 2004-06-28 | 2005-05-19 | Method and arrangement for producing compressed air foam for fire-fighting and decontamination |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8701789B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1789143B8 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1972731B (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0510825B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2565290C (en) |
DE (1) | DE102004032020B4 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006000177A2 (en) |
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DE102017117412A1 (en) | 2017-08-01 | 2019-02-07 | Minimax Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method and device for producing extinguishing foam with extinguishable gas |
WO2019025473A2 (en) | 2017-08-01 | 2019-02-07 | Minimax Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method and device for producing an extinguishing foam containing an extinguishing gas |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CA2565290A1 (en) | 2006-01-05 |
WO2006000177A3 (en) | 2006-05-11 |
CA2565290C (en) | 2010-03-16 |
EP1789143B8 (en) | 2015-12-30 |
WO2006000177A2 (en) | 2006-01-05 |
CN1972731A (en) | 2007-05-30 |
BRPI0510825A (en) | 2007-11-27 |
EP1789143A2 (en) | 2007-05-30 |
DE102004032020B4 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
CN1972731B (en) | 2012-01-18 |
BRPI0510825B1 (en) | 2017-12-19 |
US8701789B2 (en) | 2014-04-22 |
US20070209807A1 (en) | 2007-09-13 |
DE102004032020A1 (en) | 2006-01-19 |
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