EP1778971A1 - Plasma-zünd-verfahren und -vorrichtung zur zündung von kraftstoff/luft-gemischen in verbrennungskraftmaschinen - Google Patents
Plasma-zünd-verfahren und -vorrichtung zur zündung von kraftstoff/luft-gemischen in verbrennungskraftmaschinenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1778971A1 EP1778971A1 EP05769889A EP05769889A EP1778971A1 EP 1778971 A1 EP1778971 A1 EP 1778971A1 EP 05769889 A EP05769889 A EP 05769889A EP 05769889 A EP05769889 A EP 05769889A EP 1778971 A1 EP1778971 A1 EP 1778971A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- discharge
- main discharge
- ignition
- electrode
- combustion chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/50—Sparking plugs having means for ionisation of gap
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
Definitions
- the invention relates to an ignition system for internal combustion engines, methods and apparatus, in particular for the ignition of fuel-air mixtures for gasoline engines with direct injection.
- DI direct injection
- Ignition point associated with increased thermal losses or incomplete combustion of the fuel charge with subsequent emission, incompletely burned Koh ⁇ may be present hydrohalides.
- the required power density of the plasma does not differ in principle from that in conventional Otto engines in which the fuel-air mixture is generated in the gasifier and then sucked into the cylinder.
- the requirements as to the time and place of ignition may vary:
- the aim of the present invention is to indicate methods and devices for producing extensive Hf gas discharges, thus avoiding the above-mentioned disadvantages in the prior art.
- the invention is based on the finding that this can be achieved by decoupling the mechanisms, on the one hand, for forming the HF gas discharge required for the ignition, and, on the other hand, to expand them into the cylinder volume of a motor, without additional thereto Be ⁇ driving means required.
- the invention is based on the fact that an auxiliary discharge by appropriate electrode design and modulation of Hf
- Voltage amplitude ignites at the electrode system before or at least simultaneously with a main discharge, wherein the auxiliary discharge at an amplitude U 1 and the main discharge at an amplitude U 2 > U 1 ignites.
- the modulation of the RF voltage amplitude at the electrodes can be achieved both by a frequency modulation and by an amplitude modulation of the voltage source.
- the invention comprises the case where the auxiliary discharge ignites so early that the flow caused thereby reaches the volume in which the main discharge ignites before it is ignited.
- the operation of the auxiliary discharge around the central, live electrode is provided due to the vor ⁇ lying there field strength increase.
- the ratio of the ignition voltages between the auxiliary discharge and the main discharge is determined by selecting the distances b4 (gap width mass / insulation), b3 (width of the insulation) and b2 (auxiliary discharge gap width) of the radius of the central electrode as well as the dielectric permittivity ⁇ r of the insulation on the one hand and the radius of the central electrode and the main gap width bl (main discharge gap width) to the ground electrode, on the other hand, are set constructively.
- FIG. 1 shows a geometry of the HF spark plug with auxiliary and main discharge zones
- FIG. 2 influence of the flow induced by the auxiliary discharge 5 on the main discharge 6,
- FIG. 3 Modified geometry with increased volume of the auxiliary discharge 5
- FIG. 4 spark plug with electrode structures in front view.
- FIGS. 1 to 4 show ignition elements, for example spark plugs, shown in cutaway form.
- the diagrams according to FIGS. 1 to 3 are followed by a combustion space at the top.
- a central axis is shown as a dash-dot line.
- the ignition of a Hf plasma in air requires an amplitude of the reduced electric field at a gas density n. starch E / n of at least 1.1-10 22 kVm 2 .
- the formation of a Hf plasma is limited to that region of space in which this critical reduced field strength for the ignition is exceeded. Since interference effects can be excluded, this condition is met in the immediate vicinity of electrodes with small-scale structures, which generate strong field strength peaks due to the small radius of curvature.
- the plasma continues to propagate channel-shaped along electric field lines until it has connected the two electrodes or the voltage applied to the electrodes no longer permits further extension of the plasma channel 11.
- a plasma that is maintained by thermal ionization can be significantly affected by gas flows. Therefore, the ready-formed plasma channel 11 can be flushed into a cylinder volume by the directed flow 12, in particular gas flow, originating from the auxiliary discharge 5.
- the power converted in the auxiliary discharge 5 is determined relative to the power converted in the main discharge 6 by the choice of the discharge gap width b 2 for the auxiliary discharge 5 and by the height h of the discharge gap 10.
- the duration and intensity of the flow 12 are determined by these geometrical properties and the shape of the voltage modulation, and thus the maximum achievable arc length is influenced.
- the impedance becomes of RF voltage source and matching network 8 adjusted so that the per arc length converted plasma power in the main discharge 6 does not fall below a target value P min .
- the invention further comprises that the RF voltage is applied in a stepped manner and in a first cycle only the auxiliary discharge 5 is ignited by applying a low voltage amplitude, while in the subsequent cycle the main discharge 6 is ignited efficiently by selecting a high voltage amplitude ,
- the time delay between the clocks is selected so that the gas discharge 12 induced by the auxiliary discharge 5 reaches the region of the main discharge 6 just when it is ignited.
- a capacitively or directly coupled HF gas discharge is shown, hereinafter referred to as the main discharge, in a volume of the main discharge 6 with a sufficient quantity for the ignition of fuel-air mixture
- the HF voltage is provided by a generator 7 which, together with a possibly required matching network 8 of inductive and capacitive components, has the complex impedance Z.
- the electrode system 1, 3, 4 together with the insulation 2 forms a capacitance C E ie k t r with a loss resistance 9.
- auxiliary discharge 5 With the same electrode system and correspondingly the same RF voltage is in the back of the Hf gas discharge an auxiliary discharge 5 whose power density is limited by capacitive coupling by means of an insulation 2 and by exploiting electron diffusion losses in narrow gaps so that the auxiliary discharge 5 does not affect the formation of the Hauptent ⁇ charge 6 electrically.
- gas heating produces a pressure gradient and therefore a directed gas flow 12 which drives the plasma channel 11 of the main discharge 6 into the cylinder volume and enlarges the spatial extent through an extended plasma channel 11 'without the current-carrying cross section to change significantly.
- Capacities and inductances have a frequency dependent impedance. This results from the electrical circuit shown in FIG. 1 consisting of RF generator 7, matching network 8, the capacitance C E i ektr of the electrode system 1, 3, 4 with insulation 2 and the loss resistor 9 a fre ⁇ quenzcombe division of the provided Hf -Tension. Da ⁇ with the voltage applied to the electrode system 1, 3, 4 voltage can be modulated both by varying the voltage amplitude and the frequency of the RF generator.
- Fig. 3 is a still more extended arc on the plasma channel 11 ⁇ ⁇ by structures at a center electrode 21 or of the insulation, the volume of the ignition voltage and impedance of the auxiliary discharge are effected 5 22 influence.
- the method and the devices based thereon are not limited to cylindrically symmetrical geometries, which can effect a random ignition of auxiliary and main discharge 5, 6 around the symmetry axis.
- the auxiliary discharge 5 and the main discharge 6 as well as the plasma channel 11 can be fixed on the periphery by electrode structures, electrode 13 and counterelectrode 33 in such a way that the greatest possible interaction between these plasmas is ensured.
Landscapes
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Spark Plugs (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004039406A DE102004039406A1 (de) | 2004-08-13 | 2004-08-13 | Plasma-Zünd-Verfahren und -Vorrichtung zur Zündung von Kraftstoff/Luft-Gemischen in Verbrennungskraftmaschinen |
| PCT/EP2005/053751 WO2006018379A1 (de) | 2004-08-13 | 2005-08-02 | Plasma-zünd-verfahren und -vorrichtung zur zündung von kraftstoff/luft-gemischen in verbrennungskraftmaschinen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1778971A1 true EP1778971A1 (de) | 2007-05-02 |
Family
ID=35063174
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05769889A Withdrawn EP1778971A1 (de) | 2004-08-13 | 2005-08-02 | Plasma-zünd-verfahren und -vorrichtung zur zündung von kraftstoff/luft-gemischen in verbrennungskraftmaschinen |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20070283916A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1778971A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102004039406A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2006018379A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006027204B3 (de) * | 2006-06-12 | 2007-11-22 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Überwachung eines Brennvorganges in einer Brennkraftmaschine |
| JP4924275B2 (ja) * | 2007-08-02 | 2012-04-25 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 非平衡プラズマ放電式の点火装置 |
| FR2959071B1 (fr) * | 2010-04-16 | 2012-07-27 | Renault Sa | Bougie d'allumage equipee de moyens de prevention des courts-circuits |
| KR101846039B1 (ko) * | 2010-09-13 | 2018-04-05 | 도판 인사츠 가부시키가이샤 | 막 전극 접합체, 막 전극 접합체의 제조 방법 및 연료 전지 |
| DE102011011980A1 (de) | 2011-02-22 | 2012-08-23 | Rainer Schmidt | Volumenzündung von Kraftstoff-Luftgemischen |
| US9860968B2 (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2018-01-02 | Imagineering, Inc. | Plasma generating device, and internal combustion engine |
| CN104454290B (zh) * | 2014-10-23 | 2017-01-11 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | 一种拉长电弧等离子体射流点火器 |
| JP6917420B2 (ja) * | 2019-08-07 | 2021-08-11 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 点火プラグ |
Family Cites Families (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4203393A (en) | 1979-01-04 | 1980-05-20 | Ford Motor Company | Plasma jet ignition engine and method |
| GB2043773B (en) | 1979-03-08 | 1983-11-02 | Nissan Motor | Ignition plug for internal combustion engine |
| US4317068A (en) | 1979-10-01 | 1982-02-23 | Combustion Electromagnetics, Inc. | Plasma jet ignition system |
| JPS57200672A (en) | 1981-06-02 | 1982-12-08 | Nippon Soken Inc | Laser igniting apparatus for internal-combustion engine |
| EP0120905B1 (de) * | 1982-10-11 | 1987-09-16 | National Research Development Corporation | Zündkerze |
| US4471732A (en) | 1983-07-20 | 1984-09-18 | Luigi Tozzi | Plasma jet ignition apparatus |
| IT1204274B (it) * | 1986-04-24 | 1989-03-01 | Claudio Filippone | Dispositivo di accensione a controllo elettronico di plasma,per motori a combustione interna |
| US4841925A (en) * | 1986-12-22 | 1989-06-27 | Combustion Electromagnetics, Inc. | Enhanced flame ignition for hydrocarbon fuels |
| US5211142A (en) * | 1990-03-30 | 1993-05-18 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Miniature railgun engine ignitor |
| US5297510A (en) | 1991-04-26 | 1994-03-29 | Wojciech M. Turkowski | Volume ignition system |
| US5513605A (en) * | 1994-08-22 | 1996-05-07 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Cooled railplug |
| US6321733B1 (en) | 1996-05-29 | 2001-11-27 | Knite, Inc. | Traveling spark ignition system and ignitor therefor |
| US5704321A (en) | 1996-05-29 | 1998-01-06 | The Trustees Of Princeton University | Traveling spark ignition system |
| EP1023819A4 (de) | 1997-10-14 | 2007-10-17 | Advanced Energy Ind Inc | System zur plasmazündung durch schnellen spannungsanstieg |
| DE19747700C2 (de) | 1997-10-29 | 2000-06-29 | Volkswagen Ag | Zündeinrichtung mit einer Zündelektrode |
| EP1214518A1 (de) * | 1999-09-15 | 2002-06-19 | Knite, Inc. | Zündsystem für schichtladung |
| US6289868B1 (en) | 2000-02-11 | 2001-09-18 | Michael E. Jayne | Plasma ignition for direct injected internal combustion engines |
| DE10037536C2 (de) | 2000-08-01 | 2002-11-21 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung einer Plasmazündung in Verbrennungsmotoren |
| GB2380228B (en) * | 2001-09-26 | 2005-04-20 | Federal Mogul Ignition | Spark plug |
-
2004
- 2004-08-13 DE DE102004039406A patent/DE102004039406A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2005
- 2005-08-02 WO PCT/EP2005/053751 patent/WO2006018379A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2005-08-02 US US11/659,791 patent/US20070283916A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-08-02 EP EP05769889A patent/EP1778971A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2006018379A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20070283916A1 (en) | 2007-12-13 |
| WO2006018379A1 (de) | 2006-02-23 |
| DE102004039406A1 (de) | 2006-02-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20070201 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE FR |
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| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: BAUMGARTNER, ROBERT Inventor name: LINS, GUENTER Inventor name: BACHMAIER, GEORG Inventor name: EVERS, DANIEL Inventor name: VERLEGER, JOBST Inventor name: HENNIG, OLIVER Inventor name: HAMMER, THOMAS |
|
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): DE FR |
|
| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: CONTINENTAL AUTOMOTIVE GMBH |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20081223 |
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| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20090505 |