EP1775380B1 - A process for manufacturing of tissue paper - Google Patents

A process for manufacturing of tissue paper Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1775380B1
EP1775380B1 EP06121949A EP06121949A EP1775380B1 EP 1775380 B1 EP1775380 B1 EP 1775380B1 EP 06121949 A EP06121949 A EP 06121949A EP 06121949 A EP06121949 A EP 06121949A EP 1775380 B1 EP1775380 B1 EP 1775380B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
process according
fabric
tissue paper
paper web
stock suspension
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP06121949A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1775380A2 (en
EP1775380A3 (en
Inventor
Thomas Scherb
Luiz Carlos Silva
Rogerio Berardi
Davilo Oyakawa
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Voith Patent GmbH
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Voith Patent GmbH
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Publication of EP1775380A2 publication Critical patent/EP1775380A2/en
Publication of EP1775380A3 publication Critical patent/EP1775380A3/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/002—Tissue paper; Absorbent paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
    • D21H11/14—Secondary fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
    • D21H11/16—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only modified by a particular after-treatment
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H15/00—Pulp or paper, comprising fibres or web-forming material characterised by features other than their chemical constitution

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process for the production of tissue paper and to a process for the preparation of a pulp suspension for particular use in the manufacture of tissue paper.
  • Tissue paper ideally has high absorbency and high water absorption coupled with high tear resistance.
  • the document WO 971034047 describes a tissue paper web made from a suspension of partially coarse cellulosic fibers derived, for example, from CTMP or recycled wastepaper.
  • the coarse pulp fibers lead from a certain proportion to an unexpectedly high softness of the tissue web. Unexpected high softness is also achieved by treating the cellulosic fibers with chemical softening agents, thereby lowering the coefficient of friction of the fibers.
  • the porosity, permeability, absorbency and drainability of the tissue paper are critically determined by the degree of beating of the fibers in the stock suspension from which the tissue paper is made. This requires a high freeness a high fines content in the suspension, resulting in a low porosity and permeability in the tissue paper web produced.
  • the tensile strength is influenced by the freeness of the fibers in the pulp suspension in that the tear strength is increased by increasing the fines content.
  • tissue paper with high water absorption capacity and high absorbency (so-called bulky tissue ) suitable is.
  • the inventive method for producing a tissue paper web, which is made from a fiber comprising pulp, wherein the Substance suspension is at least partially formed by a recovered by treatment of waste paper pulp, is characterized in that the pulp suspension is ground immediately after the refiner to a freeness of less than 30 ° SR and that from this pulp suspension according to TAPPI 205 SP 95 (Rapid Köthen) has a breaking length, measured according to TAPPI 220 and TAPPI 494, of 4.0 km or more.
  • tissue paper which is partially compressed more in its production than in other areas, a sufficient porosity and dewaterability is given if the freeness of the stock suspension, comprising a recovered by treatment of waste paper pulp, immediately after the refiner is less than 30 ° SR (Schopper latch).
  • Sufficient tensile strength of the tissue paper web is provided, as tests have shown, if a laboratory sheet according to TAPPI 205 SP 95 (Rapid Köthen) can be produced from the stock suspension, whose tearing length is 4.0 km or more, measured according to TAPPI 220 and TAPPI 494.
  • the laboratory sheet produced according to TAPPI 205 SP 95 has a weight per unit area of 60 g / m 2 .
  • the pulp suspension fraction obtained by processing recovered paper may in particular comprise deinked pulp (DIP).
  • DIP deinked pulp
  • tissue paper can be produced at a high machine speed, ie 1200 m / min or more, if the pulp suspension is a TAPPI 205 SP 95 (Rapid Köthen) laboratory sheet having a tenacity of 4.3km or more measured according to TAPPI 220 and TAPPI 494, can be formed.
  • the pulp suspension has an ash content of less than 4% and / or a fines content of less than 25%.
  • the stock suspension may comprise a suspension portion made from a low consistency recovered stock recovered by treating recovered paper, the lower consistency stock having a consistency of less than 5%.
  • the stock suspension of the invention In order to prepare the stock suspension of the invention from the low-consistency starting material suspension, it can be ground, for example, at the low consistency of less than 10%.
  • the disadvantage here is that often a high proportion of fines is generated by the grinding of the starting material suspension at low consistency to produce a sufficient tensile strength.
  • Attempt by the Applicant have shown that the grinding can be greatly reduced if the low-consistency starting material suspension so-called enzymes and / or means for increasing the dry strength.
  • "D ry S trenght A gent" (DSA) and / or means for increasing the wet strength, so-called " W et S trenght A gent" (WSA) to be added. In such a case, in the ideal case, it is even possible to completely dispense with grinding.
  • DSA's makes it possible to further reduce the degree of grinding in the pulp suspension while maintaining the tear resistance constant.
  • DSA for example, carbon methyl cellulose and / or starch can be used.
  • ESC can, for example, the product sold by Hercules under the trade name Kymene ® are used.
  • the enzymes of the low-consistency starting suspension are added at a temperature in the range from 25 ° C. to 70 ° C., preferably 30 ° C. to 60 ° C., particularly preferably at about 35 ° C. to 45 ° C. because their effectiveness is highest in this temperature range.
  • the effectiveness of the enzymes can be increased if they are added to the low-consistency starting suspension at a pH in the range from 5 to 8, preferably 5.5 to 7.5, particularly preferably at about 6.5 to 7.
  • the enzymes may be added to the stock suspension, for example in the pulper, i. be added before the grinding process.
  • the stock suspension of the invention may also comprise a suspension portion made from a high consistency stock suspension having a consistency of 20% or more, preferably 20% to 40%, most preferably 25% to 35%.
  • the high consistency stock suspension is ground at the above high consistency.
  • the highly consistent starting material suspension can be obtained, in particular, by thickening a low-consistency starting suspension, the thickening taking place, for example, by means of a screw press.
  • the high-consistency raw material suspension is milled at a temperature in the range between 20 ° C and 80 ° C, preferably at 40 ° C.
  • the stock suspension prefferably provided only from the suspension prepared from a high-consistency stock suspension or for this suspension portion (first suspension portion) to be mixed with a suspension portion (second suspension portion) made from a low-consistency stock suspension Consistency less than 10% was made.
  • the second suspension portion has a higher freeness than the first suspension portion.
  • tissue paper web can be easily dewatered during its production in order to achieve a satisfactory dry content if the fibers of the stock suspension have a retention value of 1.5 g / g or less, preferably 1.4 g / g measured according to TAPPI UM 256 have.
  • the process of the present invention is then particularly effective in increasing the dewaterability during production and increasing the water absorption and absorbency of the finished product with satisfactory tear strength when the tissue paper web is compressed less in its production in areas than in other areas.
  • the tissue paper web is not compressed at all in the areas.
  • tissue paper web should comprise areas of different compression, it makes sense if the tissue paper web from the stock suspension is already formed on a structured, in particular 3-dimensional structured sieve.
  • the side facing the tissue paper web comprises at least partially recessed regions and elevated regions relative to the recessed regions, the tissue paper web being formed at least in sections in the recessed and raised regions of the structured sieve.
  • the sections of the tissue paper web formed in the recessed areas of the structured screen in this case have a higher volume and basis weight than the sections formed in the raised areas of the screen.
  • tissue paper web here has bulky pillow-like high area (pillow area) portions formed in the recessed areas of the structured screen and intervening lower loft lower weight portions formed in the raised areas of the structured screen.
  • the structured screen may comprise a TAD screen or a DSP screen.
  • a TAD screen has the advantage of high permeability, ensuring rapid dewatering during formation.
  • the tissue paper web is preferably passed in a dewatering step between an upper textured, in particular 3-dimensional, and permeable fabric and a lower permeable fabric, wherein in the dewatering step along a Entskyss mecanicsumble pressure on the upper fabric, the tissue paper web and the lower clothing is exercised.
  • the pressure exerted here on the arrangement of structured and permeable covering, tissue paper web and lower permeable covering can be effected by a gas flow. Additionally or alternatively, the pressure exerted can be effected by a mechanical pressing force.
  • tissue paper web In order to compress the tissue paper web only partially by the action of pressure and thus to provide a tissue paper with regions - in the unpressed or less pressed areas - high volume for good absorbency and with areas - in the more compressed areas - high strength, it makes sense when the side of the structured fabric facing the tissue paper web comprises recessed regions and elevated regions relative to the recessed regions. As a result, as already mentioned, the tissue paper web is less strongly compressed in the recessed regions, in particular not compressed at all, than in the raised regions.
  • the upper structured and permeable fabric is preferably a structured fabric, in particular TAD fabric or DSP fabric, and the lower permeable fabric is preferably a felt having a sufficiently high water absorption capacity for the water extruded from the tissue paper web.
  • the structure of the lower clothing is on the PCT / EP2005 / 050198 directed.
  • the compressibility (thickness change in mm when force is applied in N) of the upper clothing is smaller than the compressibility of the lower clothing.
  • the voluminous structure of the tissue paper web is maintained at the pressure.
  • the dynamic stiffness (K) as a measure of the compressibility of the lower fabric is 100000N / mm or less, preferably 90000N / mm, more preferably 70000N / mm or less.
  • the G-modulus as a measure of the elasticity of the lower clothing is 2N / mm 2 or more, preferably 4N / mm 2 or more.
  • the dewatering step first the upper fabric then the tissue paper web and then the lower fabric is traversed by a gas.
  • the dewatering of the paper web takes place in the direction of the lower clothing.
  • the arrangement of upper covering, tissue paper web and lower covering is guided at least in sections along the dewatering section between a tensioned press belt and a smooth surface, wherein the press belt on the upper clothing acts and the lower fabric is supported on the smooth surface.
  • a dewatering of the tissue paper web takes place in the direction of the lower clothing.
  • the arrangement of upper covering, tissue paper web and lower covering is at least partially flowed through in the region of the dewatering section of the gas stream, so that the dewatering takes place simultaneously by the pressing force of the press belt and the flow of the gas.
  • the gas flow can be generated by a suction zone in a roller.
  • the suction zone has a length in the range between 200mm and 2500mm, preferably between 800mm and 1800mm, more preferably between 1200mm and 1600mm and the negative pressure in the suction zone is between -0.2bar and -0.8bar, preferably between -0, 4bar and -0,6bar.
  • the gas flow can also be generated by an overpressure hub arranged above the upper clothing.
  • the overpressure hood may, for example, be a steam blower box.
  • the temperature of the gas flow between 50 ° C and 180 ° C, preferably between 120 ° C and 150 ° C and the pressure is less than 0.2bar, preferably less than 0.1bar and more preferably less than 0.05bar ,
  • the gas can be hot air or steam.
  • the press belt By a high tension of the press belt, the pressing force can be increased.
  • the press belt is under a tension of at least 30 kN / m, preferably at least 60 kN / m or 80 kN / m.
  • the press belt can in this case have a spiral structure and, for example, be designed as a so-called SiralLinkFabric. Furthermore, it is possible that the press belt has a woven structure.
  • the press belt has an open area of at least 25% and a contact area of at least 10% of its total to the upper clothing has facing surface.
  • the press belt has an open area between 75% and 85% and a contact area between 15% and 25% of its total to the upper Has covering surface.
  • the press belt has an open area between 68% and 76% and a contact area between 24% and 32% of its total surface facing the upper clothing.
  • the press belt has an open area of 50% or more and a contact area of 50% or more of its entire upper clothing facing surface. In this way, both a good gas flow through the press belt as well as a homogeneous pressing force can be provided by means of the press belt.
  • the smooth surface is preferably formed by the lateral surface of a roller.
  • tissue paper web By the dewatering process described above, it is possible for the tissue paper web to leave the dewatering section at a dry content of between 25% and 55%.
  • the structured sieve in the dewatering step is the same sieve as that in the formation of the tissue paper web.
  • the voluminous pillow-like portions of the tissue paper web will remain in the recessed areas of the structured screen during the pressurization, thereby leaving the bulky portions in front of the screen Pressure are largely protected and applied to this significantly less pressure than on the intervening sections of the tissue paper web.
  • the bulky structure of the pillow-like portions therefore remains in the dewatering step.
  • the tissue paper web is guided in a further dewatering step subsequent to the dewatering step together with the structured covering of the dewatering step through a press nip and further dehydrated.
  • tissue paper web in the press nip b is preferably arranged between the structured and permeable upper clothing and a, in particular smooth and heated, roller surface, wherein the heated and smooth surface is preferably formed by the jacket surface of a Yankee drying cylinder.
  • the transfer of the tissue paper web on the structured upper clothing through the press nip ensures that even in this dewatering step, the voluminous pillow-like sections of the tissue paper are pressed less strongly than the intervening sections.
  • the recessed areas and the relatively elevated areas of the structured and permeable clothing are designed and arranged in such a way that only 35% or less, in particular only 25% or less, of the tissue paper web is pressed in the press nip.
  • the 3-dimensional structure of the paper is already formed during the formation.
  • the 3-dimensional structure of the tissue paper only becomes effective at a subsequent dewatering step formed in that the tissue paper web is pressed into a structured sieve, whereby a substantially double-sided wavy tissue paper is formed.
  • the formation of the tissue paper between the structured fabric and a forming fabric having a relatively smooth surface forms a tissue paper web which is substantially smooth on the side formed on the smooth forming fabric.
  • this side comes into contact with the jacket surface of the Yankee drying cylinder, which prevents burning of the tissue paper web at high temperatures of the Yankee drying cylinder due to the relatively large contact surface compared to the prior art.
  • the temperature of the Yankee drying cylinder over the prior art can be increased, resulting in a higher dry content of the tissue paper web produced.
  • the press nip is an extended press nip, i. is formed by the roller surface and a shoe press unit.
  • the press nip is formed by a suction press roll and the roll surface instead of the shoe press unit and the roll surface.
  • the tissue paper web In order to remove water which is carried along in the structured upper clothing and which impedes dewatering in the press nip, it is expedient for the tissue paper web to be guided together with the structured clothing around an evacuated deflection roller, the structured clothing between the tissue paper web and the paper web sucked deflecting roller is arranged.
  • FIG. 1 shows an apparatus 1 for providing a stock suspension according to the invention, which is subsequently used in the inventive method for producing a tissue paper web.
  • the device 1 comprises a pulper 2 in which a raw material suspension obtained by spreading waste paper is in a pumpable state. From the pulper 2, the starting material suspension is fed to a mixing vessel 3.
  • the fabric at this stage has a consistency of less than 10%, i. usually 5% or less and is referred to in this context as a low-consistency starting material.
  • the low-consistency starting material is a Thickener 4, which may be formed, for example, as a screw press, supplied and thickened in this example. From a consistency of 5% to a consistency of 25% to 35%, ideally about 30%, whereby a highly consistent feedstock suspension is generated.
  • the highly consistent starting material suspension thus formed is subjected to a milling process.
  • the high-consistency raw material suspension in a heating channel 5 to a temperature up to 80 ° C, ideally about 40 ° C, heated and then fed to a refiner 6 for grinding.
  • the high-consistency raw material suspension is ground to a freeness of less than 30 ° SR, ideally less than 25 ° SR.
  • the highly consistent stock suspension is ground with a total grinding energy in the range of 150kWh to 300kWh, especially 180kWh to 250kWh per ton, and it is conceivable to carry out the grinding process in succession in one step or in several grinding steps.
  • enzymes and agents for increasing the dry strength (DSA) and / or agents for increasing the wet strength (WSA) can be added to the substance, for example already in the pulper 2.
  • the enzymes of the low-consistency starting suspension at a temperature in the range of 25 ° C to 70 ° C, preferably 30 ° C to 60 ° C, more preferably at about 35 ° C to 45 ° C. be added, wherein the low-consistency starting suspension has a pH in the range of 5 to 8, preferably 5.5 to 7.5, more preferably at about 6.5 to 7 and the exposure time of the enzymes on the low-consistency starting suspension 1-2 hours , preferably 1.5 hours.
  • the stock suspension obtained by the Hochkonsistenzmahlvorgang is diluted in a dilution tank 7 with water, which is at least partially recovered during thickening in the thickener 4 of the low-consistency feedstock suspension.
  • the thus obtained low-consistency stock suspension can then be fed to the machine chest 8.
  • the pulp suspension obtained by the high-consistency grinding process can be mixed with the low-consistency suspension.
  • the stock suspension comprises only one pulp suspension fraction, which was prepared by adding the enzymes and grinding or only by adding the enzymes at low consistency.
  • the stock suspension is very strongly diluted with white water 9 and fed to a headbox 10.
  • a pulp suspension 11 with the above-mentioned properties emerges from the headbox 10 in such a way that it is injected into the incoming gap between a forming fabric 12 and a structured, in particular 3-dimensional structured fabric 13, whereby a tissue paper web 14 is formed.
  • the forming fabric 12 has a side facing the tissue paper web 14 that is smooth relative to that of the structured fabric 13.
  • the tissue paper web 14 facing side 15 of the structured screen 13 recessed areas 16 and relative to the recessed areas 16 elevated areas 17, so that the tissue paper web 14 in the recessed areas 16 and the elevated areas 17 of the structured screen 13 is formed.
  • the height difference between the recessed areas 16 and the raised areas 17 is preferably 0.07 mm and 0.6 mm.
  • the area formed by the raised areas 16 is preferably 10% or more, more preferably 20% or more, and most preferably 25% to 30%.
  • the structured sieve 13 is designed as a TAD sieve 13.
  • the array of TAD wire 13, tissue paper web 14 and forming wire 12 is directed around a forming roller 18 and the tissue paper web 14 is substantially dewatered through the forming wire 12 before the forming wire 12 is removed from the tissue paper web 14 and the tissue paper web 14 on the TAD Sieve 13 is transported on.
  • FIG. 3 the structure of the tissue paper web 14 formed between the flat Formierieb 12 and the TAD screen 13 can be seen.
  • the voluminous pillow-like portions C 'of the tissue paper web 14 formed in the recessed areas 16 of the TAD mesh 13 have a higher volume and a higher basis weight than the portions A' of the tissue paper web 14 formed in the raised areas 17 of the TAD mesh 13.
  • the tissue paper web 14 therefore already has a 3-dimensional structure due to its formation on the structured sieve 13.
  • tissue paper web 114 is formed which has been formed between two smooth forming fabrics 112 and 112 '.
  • the tissue paper web 114 is formed due to their formation between two smooth Formiersieben 112 and 112 'substantially smooth and without 3-dimentionale structure.
  • tissue paper web 14 is guided between the structured sieve 13, which is arranged at the top, and a lower, permeable fabric 19 which is formed as a felt 19, wherein pressure is applied to the structured sieve 13, in the dewatering step along a dewatering path Tissue paper web 14 and the felt 19 is applied such that the tissue paper web 14 is dewatered in the direction of the felt 19, as indicated by the arrows 20 in the FIG. 5 indicated.
  • the bulky portions C ' are compressed less than the portions A'. so that, as a result, the bulky structure of the sections C 'is maintained.
  • FIG. 6 Detected tissue paper web 114 to recognize.
  • the tissue paper web 114 must be pressed into a structured sieve 113.
  • the tissue paper web 114 is stretched in the sections C which are pressed into the recessed areas 116 of the structured screen 113, which reduces the weight per unit area in the sections C.
  • the tissue paper web 114 is strongly pressed in the sections C, so that also the volume of the sections C is reduced.
  • the pressure for dewatering the tissue paper web 14 is generated in the dewatering step at least in sections simultaneously by a gas flow and by a mechanical pressing force.
  • the gas stream flows through first the structured sieve 13 then the tissue paper web 14 and then the formed as a felt 19 lower fabric.
  • the gas flow through the tissue paper web 14 is about 150m 3 per minute and meter of web length.
  • the gas flow is generated by a suction zone 25 in the roller 24, wherein the suction zone 25 has a length in the range between 200mm and 2500mm, preferably between 800mm and 1800mm, more preferably between 1200mm and 1600mm.
  • the negative pressure in the suction zone 25 is between -0.2bar and -0.8bar, preferably between -0.4bar and -0.6bar.
  • the mechanical pressing force is generated by the fact that in the dewatering step, the arrangement of structured wire 13, tissue paper web 14 and felt 19 a dewatering section 21 between a tensioned press belt 22 and a smooth surface 23 is guided, wherein the press belt 22 on the structured sieve 13th acting and the felt 19 is supported on the smooth surface 23.
  • the smooth surface 23 is in this case formed by the lateral surface 23 of a roller 24.
  • the dewatering section 21 is essentially defined by the wrap-around region of the press belt 22 around the lateral surface 23 of the roller 24, wherein the wrap-around region is determined by the spacing of the two deflection rollers 25 and 26.
  • the press belt 22 is under a tension of at least 30 kN / m, preferably at least 60kN / m or 80kN / m and has an open area of at least 25% and a contact area of at least 10% of its total upper facing area.
  • the press belt is designed as a spiral link fabric and has an open area of between 51% and 62% and a contact area of between 38% and 49% of its total area facing the upper clothing.
  • the tissue paper web 14 leaves the dewatering section 21 with a dry content of between 25% and 55%.
  • the tissue paper web 14 is guided in a further dewatering step subsequent dewatering step together with the structured screen 13 through a press nip 27, wherein the tissue paper web 14 is disposed in the press nip 27 between the structured wire 13 and a smooth roll surface 28 of a Yankee drying cylinder 29.
  • the press nip 27 is in this case a shoe press nip formed by the Yankee drying cylinder 29 and a shoe press 30.
  • the tissue paper web 14 rests on one side with a relatively large area on the lateral surface 28 of the Yankee drying cylinder 29, wherein the tissue paper web 14 rests on the structured sieve 13 on the other side.
  • the recessed areas 16 and the relatively elevated areas 17 of the structured screen 13 are in this case designed and arranged relative to one another such that the pillow-like sections C 'in the press nip 27 are essentially not pressed these are 35% or less, in particular 25% or less, of the tissue paper web 14.
  • the tissue paper web 114 known from the prior art comes into contact with the jacket surface 128 of the Yankee drying cylinder in comparison to the tissue paper web 14 with a relatively small area. This has the disadvantage that the tissue paper 114 can burn on the lateral surface, which is why the temperature of the Yankee cylinder must be kept lower in the method known from the prior art. This has the consequence that with the method known from the prior art, a lower dry content can be achieved ( FIG. 8 ).
  • the tissue paper web 14 before it passes through the press nip 27 is guided together with the structured wire 13 around an evacuated deflection roller, the structured wire 13 being arranged between the tissue paper web 14 and the evacuated deflection roller (not shown).
  • the gas flow can additionally be generated by an overpressure hub 31 arranged above the structured sieve 13, the dewatering step in this case taking place without mechanical pressing force, ie it is in contrast to FIG FIG. 9 no press belt 22 is provided which wraps around the roller 24 in sections.

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Abstract

Producing a tissue web comprises using a pulp suspension that is made from waste paper, has a fineness of less than 30[deg]SR immediately after the refiner, and is capable of forming a test sheet with a tearing length of at least 4 km in a Rapid Koethen sheet former.

Description

Diese Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Tissuepapier sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Stoffsuspension zur insbesonderen Verwendung für die Herstellung von Tissuepapier.This invention relates to a process for the production of tissue paper and to a process for the preparation of a pulp suspension for particular use in the manufacture of tissue paper.

Tissuepapier weist idealerweise eine hohe Saugfähigkeit und ein hohes Wasseraufnahmevermögen gekoppelt mit einer hohen Reißfestigkeit auf.Tissue paper ideally has high absorbency and high water absorption coupled with high tear resistance.

Die Saugfähigkeit und das Wasseraufnahmevermögen werden wesentlich durch das Volumen und die Porosität des Tissuepapiers bestimmt.Absorbency and water absorbency are significantly determined by the volume and porosity of the tissue paper.

Zur Erhöhung des Volumens wurde bereits im Stand der Technik in der WO03/062528 vorgeschlagen, die Tissuepapierbahn bei deren Herstellung nur zonal zu pressen, um somit nur leicht gepresste oder ungepresste voluminöse Bereiche und gepresste reißfestere Bereiche zu erhalten.To increase the volume was already in the prior art in the WO03 / 062528 proposed to press the tissue paper web only zonal during their production, so as to obtain only slightly pressed or unpressed voluminous areas and pressed tear-resistant areas.

Das Dokument WO 971034047 beschreibt eine Tissuepapierbahn, welche aus einer Suspension aus teilweise groben Zellulosefasern, die beispielsweise aus CTMP oder aus aufbereitetem Altpapier stammen, hergestellt ist. Die groben Zellstofffasern führen ab eines bestimmten Anteils zu einer unerwartet hohen Weichheit der Tissuebahn. Eine unerwartete hohe Weichheit wird auch dadurch erreicht, dass die Zellulosefasern mit chemischen Weichmachern behandelt werden, wodurch der Reibungskoeffizient der Fasern gesenkt wird.The document WO 971034047 describes a tissue paper web made from a suspension of partially coarse cellulosic fibers derived, for example, from CTMP or recycled wastepaper. The coarse pulp fibers lead from a certain proportion to an unexpectedly high softness of the tissue web. Unexpected high softness is also achieved by treating the cellulosic fibers with chemical softening agents, thereby lowering the coefficient of friction of the fibers.

Die Porosität, die Permeabilität, die Saugfähigkeit und die Entwässerbarkeit des Tissuepapiers werden entscheidend mit durch den Mahlgrad der Fasern in der Stoffsuspension bestimmt, aus der das Tissuepapier hergestellt wird. Hierbei bedingt ein hoher Mahlgrad einen hohen Feinstoffgehalt in der Suspension, was zu einer geringen Porosität und Permeabilität bei der hergestellten Tissuepapierbahn führt.The porosity, permeability, absorbency and drainability of the tissue paper are critically determined by the degree of beating of the fibers in the stock suspension from which the tissue paper is made. This requires a high freeness a high fines content in the suspension, resulting in a low porosity and permeability in the tissue paper web produced.

Auf der anderen Seite wird die Reißfestigkeit mit durch den Mahlgrad der Fasern in der Stoffsuspension dahingehend beeinflusst, dass die Reißfestigkeit durch Erhöhung des Feinstoffanteils erhöht wird.On the other hand, the tensile strength is influenced by the freeness of the fibers in the pulp suspension in that the tear strength is increased by increasing the fines content.

Die Anforderungen an die Reißfestigkeit widerstreben somit den genannten Anforderungen an das Wasseraufnahmevermögen, die Saugfähigkeit und die Entwässerbarkeit.The requirements for tensile strength thus resist the aforementioned requirements for water absorption, absorbency and drainability.

Um Produktionskosten zu sparen besteht des weiteren der Wunsch für die Herstellung von Tissuepapier zumindest teilweise Altpapier anstelle von Zellstoff zu verwenden.Furthermore, in order to save production costs, there is a desire to use at least partially waste paper instead of pulp for the production of tissue paper.

Da erfahrungsgemäß eine aus aufbereitetem Altpapier hergestellte Stoffsuspension einen höheren Mahlgrad und somit einen höheren Feinstoffanteil hat, bestand im Stand der Technik die Auffassung, dass Altpapier nur unzureichend für die Herstellung von Tissuepapier, insbesondere von Tissuepapier mit hohem Wasseraufnahmevermögen und hoher Saugfähigkeit (sog. bulky tissue) geeignet ist.Since, according to experience, a pulp suspension prepared from recycled waste paper has a higher freeness and thus a higher fines content, the prior art considered that waste paper was insufficient for the production of tissue paper, in particular tissue paper with high water absorption capacity and high absorbency (so-called bulky tissue ) suitable is.

Es ist die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Tissuepapierbahn vorzuschlagen, mit dem es möglich ist, reißfestes Tissuepapier mit hohem Wasseraufnahme- und Saugvermögen aus einer Stoffsuspension mit Altpapier herzustellen.It is the object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a tissue paper web, with which it is possible to produce tear-resistant tissue paper with high water absorption and absorbency from a stock suspension with waste paper.

Die Erfindung wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention is solved by a method having the features of patent claim 1.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Tissuepapierbahn, die aus einer Fasern umfassenden Stoffsuspension hergestellt wird, wobei die Stoffsuspension zumindest teilweise durch einen durch Aufbereitung von Altpapier gewonnenen Stoffsuspensionsanteil gebildet wird, ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stoffsuspension hierbei unmittelbar nach dem Refiner auf einen Mahlgrad von weniger als 30°SR gemahlen wird und dass ein aus dieser Stoffsuspension nach TAPPI 205 SP 95 (Rapid Köthen) hergestelltes Laborblatt eine Reißlänge, gemessen nach TAPPI 220 und TAPPI 494, von 4,0 km oder mehr besitzt.The inventive method for producing a tissue paper web, which is made from a fiber comprising pulp, wherein the Substance suspension is at least partially formed by a recovered by treatment of waste paper pulp, is characterized in that the pulp suspension is ground immediately after the refiner to a freeness of less than 30 ° SR and that from this pulp suspension according to TAPPI 205 SP 95 (Rapid Köthen) has a breaking length, measured according to TAPPI 220 and TAPPI 494, of 4.0 km or more.

Versuche haben gezeigt, dass, insbesondere bei Tissuepapier, welches bei seiner Herstellung bereichsweise stärker komprimiert wird als in anderen Bereichen, eine ausreichende Porosität und Entwässerbarkeit dann gegeben ist, wenn der Mahlgrad der Stoffsuspension, die einen durch Aufbereitung von Altpapier gewonnenen Stoffsuspensionsanteil umfasst, unmittelbar nach dem Refiner kleiner als 30°SR (Schopper Riegel) ist. Eine ausreichende Reißfestigkeit der Tissuepapierbahn wird, wie Versuche gezeigt haben dann bereitgestellt, wenn aus der Stoffsuspension ein Laborblatt nach TAPPI 205 SP 95 (Rapid Köthen) hergestellt werden kann, dessen Reißlänge 4,0km oder mehr ist, gemessen nach TAPPI 220 und TAPPI 494.Experiments have shown that, in particular in tissue paper, which is partially compressed more in its production than in other areas, a sufficient porosity and dewaterability is given if the freeness of the stock suspension, comprising a recovered by treatment of waste paper pulp, immediately after the refiner is less than 30 ° SR (Schopper latch). Sufficient tensile strength of the tissue paper web is provided, as tests have shown, if a laboratory sheet according to TAPPI 205 SP 95 (Rapid Köthen) can be produced from the stock suspension, whose tearing length is 4.0 km or more, measured according to TAPPI 220 and TAPPI 494.

Das nach TAPPI 205 SP 95 (Rapid Köthen) hergestellte Laborblatt hat hierbei ein Flächengewicht von 60g/m2.The laboratory sheet produced according to TAPPI 205 SP 95 (Rapid Köthen) has a weight per unit area of 60 g / m 2 .

Des weiteren hat sich gezeigt, dass zur Herstellung der Stoffsuspension mit den o.g. Eigenschaften nur wenig Mahlenergie notwendig ist, um die erforderlichen Festigkeitswerte zu erreichen.Furthermore, it has been found that for the preparation of the stock suspension with the o.g. Properties only a little grinding energy is necessary to achieve the required strength values.

Der durch Aufbereitung von Altpapier gewonnene Stoffsuspensionsanteil kann insbesondere Deinked Pulp (DIP) umfassen.The pulp suspension fraction obtained by processing recovered paper may in particular comprise deinked pulp (DIP).

Versuche haben gezeigt, dass das Tissuepapier mit hoher Maschinengeschwindigkeit d.h. 1200m/min oder mehr hergestellt werden kann, wenn aus der Stoffsuspension ein Laborblatt nach TAPPI 205 SP 95 (Rapid Köthen) mit einer Reißlänge von 4,3km oder mehr gemessen nach TAPPI 220 und TAPPI 494, gebildet werden kann.Experiments have shown that the tissue paper can be produced at a high machine speed, ie 1200 m / min or more, if the pulp suspension is a TAPPI 205 SP 95 (Rapid Köthen) laboratory sheet having a tenacity of 4.3km or more measured according to TAPPI 220 and TAPPI 494, can be formed.

Altpapier gewonnenen Stoffsuspensionsanteils gebildet wird, bzw. wenn der Faseranteil der Stoffsuspension vollständig durch die Fasern des durch Aufbereitung von Altpapier gewonnenen Stoffsuspensions gebildet wird.Is recovered recovered paper pulp fraction formed, or if the fiber content of the pulp suspension is completely formed by the fibers of recovered by treatment of waste paper stock suspension.

Vorzugsweise hat die Stoffsuspension einen Ascheanteil von weniger als 4% und / oder einen Feinstoffanteil von weniger als 25%.Preferably, the pulp suspension has an ash content of less than 4% and / or a fines content of less than 25%.

Es sind unterschiedliche Möglichkeiten denkbar, wie die Stoffsuspension hergestellt werden kann. So kann die Stoffsuspension bspw. einen Suspensionsanteil umfassen, der aus einer niederkonsistenten durch Aufbereitung von Altpapier gewonnenen Ausgangsstoffsuspension hergestellt wurde, wobei die niederkonsistente Ausgangsstoffsuspension eine Konsistenz von weniger als 5% hat.There are different ways conceivable how the stock suspension can be made. Thus, for example, the stock suspension may comprise a suspension portion made from a low consistency recovered stock recovered by treating recovered paper, the lower consistency stock having a consistency of less than 5%.

Um die erfindungsgemäße Stoffsuspension aus der niederkonsistenten Ausgangsstoffsuspension herzustellen, kann diese bspw. bei der niederen Konsistenz von weniger als 10% gemahlen werden. Nachteilig ist hierbei, dass durch die Mahlung der Ausgangsstoffsuspension bei niederer Konsistenz zur Erzeugung einer ausreichenden Reißfestigkeit oftmals ein hoher Feinstoffanteil erzeugt wird. Versuch der Anmelderin haben gezeigt, dass die Mahlung deutlich reduziert werden kann, wenn der niederkonsistenten Ausgangsstoffsuspension Enzyme und / oder Mittel zur Erhöhung der Trockenfestigkeit sog. "Dry Strenght Agent" (DSA) und / oder Mittel zur Erhöhung der Naßfestigkeit, sog. "Wet Strenght Agent" (WSA) zugesetzt werden. In einem solchen Fall kann im Idealfall sogar vollkommen auf ein Mahlen verzichtet werden.In order to prepare the stock suspension of the invention from the low-consistency starting material suspension, it can be ground, for example, at the low consistency of less than 10%. The disadvantage here is that often a high proportion of fines is generated by the grinding of the starting material suspension at low consistency to produce a sufficient tensile strength. Attempt by the Applicant have shown that the grinding can be greatly reduced if the low-consistency starting material suspension so-called enzymes and / or means for increasing the dry strength. "D ry S trenght A gent" (DSA) and / or means for increasing the wet strength, so-called " W et S trenght A gent" (WSA) to be added. In such a case, in the ideal case, it is even possible to completely dispense with grinding.

Durch die Zugabe von DSA's ist es möglich, den Mahlgrad in der Stoffsuspension bei gleich bleibender Reißfestigkeit weiter zu reduzieren.The addition of DSA's makes it possible to further reduce the degree of grinding in the pulp suspension while maintaining the tear resistance constant.

Als DSA kann bspw. Carbon Methyl Cellulose und / oder Stärke verwendet werden.As DSA, for example, carbon methyl cellulose and / or starch can be used.

Als WSA kann bspw. das von der Firma Hercules unter dem Markennamen vertriebene Kymene® verwendet werden.As ESC can, for example, the product sold by Hercules under the trade name Kymene ® are used.

Als vorteilhaft hat sich hierbei erwiesen, wenn die Enzyme der niederkonsistenten Ausgangssuspension bei einer Temperatur im Bereich von 25°C bis 70°C, bevorzugt 30°C bis 60°C, besonders bevorzugt bei ca. 35°C bis 45°C zugesetzt werden, da in diesem Temperaturbereich deren Wirksamkeit an höchsten ist.It has proved to be advantageous here if the enzymes of the low-consistency starting suspension are added at a temperature in the range from 25 ° C. to 70 ° C., preferably 30 ° C. to 60 ° C., particularly preferably at about 35 ° C. to 45 ° C. because their effectiveness is highest in this temperature range.

Die Wirksamkeit der Enzyme kann dadurch erhöht werden, wenn diese der niederkonsistenten Ausgangssuspension bei einem ph-Wert im Bereich von 5 bis 8, bevorzugt 5,5 bis 7,5, besonders bevorzugt bei ca. 6,5 bis 7 zugesetzt werden.The effectiveness of the enzymes can be increased if they are added to the low-consistency starting suspension at a pH in the range from 5 to 8, preferably 5.5 to 7.5, particularly preferably at about 6.5 to 7.

Gute Ergebnisse werden erzielt, wenn die Enzyme für eine Einwirkdauer von 1-2Stunden, vorzugsweise 1,5Stunden auf die niederkonsistente Ausgangssuspension einwirken.Good results are achieved if the enzymes act on the low-consistency starting suspension for an exposure time of 1-2 hours, preferably 1.5 hours.

Die Enzyme können der Ausgangsstoffsuspension bspw. im Pulper, d.h. vor dem Mahlvorgang, zugesetzt werden.The enzymes may be added to the stock suspension, for example in the pulper, i. be added before the grinding process.

Die erfindungsgemäße Stoffsuspension kann auch einen Suspensionsanteil umfassen, der aus einer hochkonsistenten Ausgangsstoffsuspension mit einer Konsistenz von 20% oder mehr, bevorzugt 20% bis 40%, besonders bevorzugt 25% bis 35% hergestellt wurde. Bei der Herstellung der Stoffsuspension wird die hochkonsistente Ausgangsstoffsuspension bei der oben angegebenen hohen Konsistenz gemahlen.The stock suspension of the invention may also comprise a suspension portion made from a high consistency stock suspension having a consistency of 20% or more, preferably 20% to 40%, most preferably 25% to 35%. In the preparation of the stock suspension, the high consistency stock suspension is ground at the above high consistency.

Die hochkonsistente Ausgangsstoffsuspension kann insbesondere durch Eindicken einer niederkonsistenten Ausgangssuspension gewonnen werden, wobei das Eindicken bspw. mittels einer Schneckenpresse erfolgt.The highly consistent starting material suspension can be obtained, in particular, by thickening a low-consistency starting suspension, the thickening taking place, for example, by means of a screw press.

Um die erforderliche Festigkeit zu erreichen kann es sinnvoll sein, wenn der Mahlvorgang mehrmals nacheinander durchgeführt wird.In order to achieve the required strength, it may be useful if the grinding process is carried out several times in succession.

Die besten Ergebnis bzgl. der erreichten Festigkeit bei geringem Mahlgrad werden erreicht, wenn die hochkonsistente Ausgangsstoffsuspension mit einer Mahlenergie im Bereich von 150kWh bis 300kWh, insbesondere 180kWh bis 250kWh pro Tonne gemahlen wird.The best results with respect to the achieved strength at low freeness are achieved when the high-consistency raw material suspension is ground with a grinding energy in the range of 150kWh to 300kWh, especially 180kWh to 250kWh per ton.

Zur Einstellung der oben genannten vorteilhaften Eigenschaften der Stoffsuspension ist es sinnvoll, wenn die hochkonsistente Ausgangsstoffsuspension bei einer Temperatur im Bereich zwischen 20°C und 80°C, vorzugsweise bei 40°C gemahlen wird.To adjust the above-mentioned advantageous properties of the stock suspension, it is useful if the high-consistency raw material suspension is milled at a temperature in the range between 20 ° C and 80 ° C, preferably at 40 ° C.

Die oben beschriebene Zugabe von Enzymen bringt auch für die Erfindung vorteilhafte Ergebnisse, wenn diese der hochkonsistenten Ausgangsstoffsuspension zugesetzt werden.The addition of enzymes described above also provides beneficial results for the invention when added to the high consistency stock suspension.

Es ist sowohl möglich, dass die Stoffsuspension nur aus der aus einer hochkonsistenten Ausgangsstoffsuspension hergestellten Suspension bereit gestellt wird oder aber dass dieser Suspensionsanteil (erste Suspensionsanteil) zur Herstellung der Stoffsuspension mit einem Suspensionsanteil (zweite Suspensionsanteil) gemischt wird, der aus einer niederkonsistenten Ausgangsstoffsuspension mit einer Konsistenz kleiner als 10% hergestellt wurde.It is possible for the stock suspension to be provided only from the suspension prepared from a high-consistency stock suspension or for this suspension portion (first suspension portion) to be mixed with a suspension portion (second suspension portion) made from a low-consistency stock suspension Consistency less than 10% was made.

Vorzugsweise hat hierbei der zweite Suspensionsanteil einen höheren Mahlgrad hat als der erste Suspensionsanteil.Preferably, in this case, the second suspension portion has a higher freeness than the first suspension portion.

Versuche haben gezeigt, dass die Tissuepapierbahn bei deren Herstellung zur Erzielung eines zufrieden stellenden Trockengehalts dann gut entwässerbar ist, wenn die Fasern der Stoffsuspension einen Retentionswert für Wasser von 1,5 g/g oder weniger, bevorzugt 1,4g/g gemessen nach TAPPI UM 256 haben.Tests have shown that the tissue paper web can be easily dewatered during its production in order to achieve a satisfactory dry content if the fibers of the stock suspension have a retention value of 1.5 g / g or less, preferably 1.4 g / g measured according to TAPPI UM 256 have.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist dann besonders effektiv in Bezug auf Erhöhung der Entwässerbarkeit während der Produktion sowie Erhöhung des Wasseraufnahme- und Saugvermögens des fertig gestellten Produkts bei zufrieden stellender Reißfestigkeit, wenn die Tissuepapierbahn bei deren Herstellung in Bereichen weniger stark als in anderen Bereichen komprimiert wird. Insbesondere wird die Tissuepapierbahn in den Bereichen überhaupt nicht komprimiert.The process of the present invention is then particularly effective in increasing the dewaterability during production and increasing the water absorption and absorbency of the finished product with satisfactory tear strength when the tissue paper web is compressed less in its production in areas than in other areas. In particular, the tissue paper web is not compressed at all in the areas.

Soll die Tissuepapierbahn unterschiedlich stark komprimierte Bereiche umfassen, ist es sinnvoll, wenn die Tissuepapierbahn aus der Stoffsuspension bereits auf einem strukturierten, insbesondere 3-dimensional strukturierten Sieb gebildet wird.If the tissue paper web should comprise areas of different compression, it makes sense if the tissue paper web from the stock suspension is already formed on a structured, in particular 3-dimensional structured sieve.

Bei einem solchen strukturierten Sieb umfasst die zur Tissuepapierbahn weisende Seite zumindest abschnittweise vertiefte Bereiche und relativ zu den vertieften Bereichen erhöhte Bereiche, wobei die Tissuepapierbahn zumindest abschnittweise in den vertieften und den erhöhten Bereiche des strukturierten Siebs gebildet wird. Die in den vertieften Bereichen des strukturierten Siebs gebildeten Abschnitte der Tissuepapierbahn haben hierbei ein höheres Volumen und Flächengewicht als die in den erhöhten Bereiche des Siebs gebildeten Abschnitte.In such a structured sieve, the side facing the tissue paper web comprises at least partially recessed regions and elevated regions relative to the recessed regions, the tissue paper web being formed at least in sections in the recessed and raised regions of the structured sieve. The sections of the tissue paper web formed in the recessed areas of the structured screen in this case have a higher volume and basis weight than the sections formed in the raised areas of the screen.

Im Ergebnis wird eine 3-dimensionale Tissuepapierbahn gebildet. Die Tissuepapierbahn weist hierbei in den vertieften Bereichen des strukturierten Siebs gebildete voluminöse kissenartige Abschnitte mit hohem Flächengewicht (pillow area) und dazwischen liegende, in den erhöhten Bereichen des strukturierten Siebs gebildete geringer voluminöse Abschnitte mit geringerem Flächengewicht auf.As a result, a 3-dimensional tissue paper web is formed. The tissue paper web here has bulky pillow-like high area (pillow area) portions formed in the recessed areas of the structured screen and intervening lower loft lower weight portions formed in the raised areas of the structured screen.

Das strukturierte Sieb kann ein TAD-Sieb oder ein DSP-Sieb umfassen. Ein TAD-Sieb hat den Vorteil einer hohen Permeabilität, wodurch eine schnelle Entwässerung bei der Formierung gewährleistet wird.The structured screen may comprise a TAD screen or a DSP screen. A TAD screen has the advantage of high permeability, ensuring rapid dewatering during formation.

Bezüglich der Struktur des strukturierten sieb und bezüglich der Bildung der Tissuepapierbahn auf dem strukturierten Sieb wird auf die PCT/EP2005/050203 verwiesen.Regarding the structure of the structured sieve and regarding the formation of the tissue paper web on the structured sieve is on the PCT / EP2005 / 050203 directed.

Nach der Bildung der Tissuepapierbahn wird die Tissuepapierbahn vorzugsweise bei einem Entwässerungsschritt zwischen einer oberen strukturierten, insbesondere 3-dimensional strukturierten, und permeablen Bespannung und einer unteren permeablen Bespannung geführt, wobei bei dem Entwässerungsschritt entlang einer Entwässerungsstrecke Druck auf die obere Bespannung, die Tissuepapierbahn und die untere Bespannung ausgeübt wird.After the formation of the tissue paper web, the tissue paper web is preferably passed in a dewatering step between an upper textured, in particular 3-dimensional, and permeable fabric and a lower permeable fabric, wherein in the dewatering step along a Entwässerungsstrecke pressure on the upper fabric, the tissue paper web and the lower clothing is exercised.

Der hierbei auf die Anordnung aus strukturierter und permeabler Bespannung, Tissuepapierbahn und unterer permeabler Bespannung ausgeübte Druck kann durch eine Gasströmung bewirkt werden. Zusätzlich oder alternativ kann der ausgeübte Druck durch eine mechanische Presskraft bewirkt werden.The pressure exerted here on the arrangement of structured and permeable covering, tissue paper web and lower permeable covering can be effected by a gas flow. Additionally or alternatively, the pressure exerted can be effected by a mechanical pressing force.

Um die Tissuepapierbahn nur bereichsweise durch die Druckeinwirkung zu komprimieren und somit ein Tissuepapier mit bereichsweise - in den ungepressten bzw. weniger gepressten Bereichen - hohem Volumen für eine gute Saugfähigkeit und mit bereichsweise - in den stärker gepressten Bereichen - hoher Festigkeit bereitzustellen, ist es sinnvoll, wenn die zur Tissuepapierbahn weisende Seite der strukturierten Bespannung vertiefte Bereiche und relativ zu den vertieften Bereichen erhöhte Bereiche umfasst. Hierdurch wird, wie bereits erwähnt, die Tissuepapierbahn in den vertieften Bereichen weniger stark komprimiert, insbesondere überhaupt nicht komprimiert, als in den erhöhten Bereichen.In order to compress the tissue paper web only partially by the action of pressure and thus to provide a tissue paper with regions - in the unpressed or less pressed areas - high volume for good absorbency and with areas - in the more compressed areas - high strength, it makes sense when the side of the structured fabric facing the tissue paper web comprises recessed regions and elevated regions relative to the recessed regions. As a result, as already mentioned, the tissue paper web is less strongly compressed in the recessed regions, in particular not compressed at all, than in the raised regions.

Die obere strukturierte und permeable Bespannung ist vorzugsweise ein strukturiertes Sieb, insbesondere TAD-Sieb oder DSP-Sieb, und die untere permeable Bespannung ist vorzugsweise ein Filz mit einem ausreichend hohen Wasseraufnahmevermögen für das aus der Tissuepapierbahn ausgepresste Wasser. Bezüglich der Struktur der unteren Bespannung sei auf die PCT/EP2005/050198 verwiesen.The upper structured and permeable fabric is preferably a structured fabric, in particular TAD fabric or DSP fabric, and the lower permeable fabric is preferably a felt having a sufficiently high water absorption capacity for the water extruded from the tissue paper web. Regarding the structure of the lower clothing is on the PCT / EP2005 / 050198 directed.

Vorzugsweise ist die Kompressibilität (Dickenänderung in mm bei Krafteinwirkung in N) der oberen Bespannung kleiner als die Kompressibilität der unteren Bespannung. Hierdurch bleibt die voluminöse Struktur der Tissuepapierbahn bei der Druckeinwirkung erhalten.Preferably, the compressibility (thickness change in mm when force is applied in N) of the upper clothing is smaller than the compressibility of the lower clothing. As a result, the voluminous structure of the tissue paper web is maintained at the pressure.

Versuche haben gezeigt, dass eine besonders gute und schonende Entwässerung möglich ist, wenn die dynamische Steifigkeit (K) als Maß für die Kompressibilität der oberen Bespannung 3000N/mm oder mehr ist.Experiments have shown that a particularly good and gentle dewatering is possible if the dynamic stiffness (K) as a measure of the compressibility of the upper clothing 3000N / mm or more.

Durch eine harte oder zu harte untere Bespannung würden die voluminösen kissenartigen Abschnitte der Tissuepapierbahn überhaupt nicht komprimiert werden. Durch die kompressible Struktur der unteren Bespannung werden die voluminösen kissenartigen Abschnitte des Tissuepapiers leicht gepresst und somit schonend entwässert. Versuche haben in diesem Zusammenhang gezeigt, dass die dynamische Steifigkeit (K) als Maß für die Kompressibilität der unteren Bespannung 100000N/mm oder weniger, vorzugsweise 90000N/mm, besonders bevorzugt 70000N/mm oder weniger ist.Hard or too hard bottom fabric would not compress the voluminous pillow-like portions of the tissue paper web at all. Due to the compressible structure of the lower fabric, the voluminous pillow-like sections of the tissue paper are lightly pressed and thus gently dewatered. Experiments have shown in this context that the dynamic stiffness (K) as a measure of the compressibility of the lower fabric is 100000N / mm or less, preferably 90000N / mm, more preferably 70000N / mm or less.

Ebenso ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der G-Modul als Maß für die Elastizität der unteren Bespannung 2N/mm2 oder mehr, vorzugsweise 4N/mm2 oder mehr ist.It is likewise advantageous if the G-modulus as a measure of the elasticity of the lower clothing is 2N / mm 2 or more, preferably 4N / mm 2 or more.

Weiter haben Versuche gezeigt, dass das in der unteren Bespannung, bspw. dem Filz, gespeicherte Wasser leichter mit einem Gasstrom ausgetrieben werden kann, wenn die Permeabilität der unteren Bespannung nicht zu hoch ist. Als Vorteilhaft erweist sich, wenn die Permeabilität der unteren Bespannung 80cfm oder weniger, vorzugsweise 40cfm oder weniger, besonders bevorzugt 25cfm oder weniger ist. In den oben genannten Bereiche wird eine Rückbefeuchtung der Tissuepapierbahn durch die untere Bespannung weitestgehend unterbunden.Furthermore, tests have shown that the water stored in the lower clothing, for example the felt, can be expelled more easily with a gas stream if the permeability of the lower clothing is not too high. It proves to be advantageous if the permeability of the lower clothing 80cfm or less, preferably 40cfm or less, more preferably 25cfm or less. In the areas mentioned above, rewetting of the tissue paper web by the lower clothing is largely prevented.

Vorzugsweise wird bei dem Entwässerungsschritt zuerst die obere Bespannung dann die Tissuepapierbahn und anschließend die untere Bespannung von einem Gas durchströmt. Die Entwässerung der Papierbahn findet hierbei in Richtung der unteren Bespannung statt.Preferably, in the dewatering step, first the upper fabric then the tissue paper web and then the lower fabric is traversed by a gas. The dewatering of the paper web takes place in the direction of the lower clothing.

Zusätzlich oder optional zur Gasdurchströmung der oben genannten Anordnung kann vorgesehen sein, dass bei dem Entwässerungsschritt die Anordnung aus oberer Bespannung, Tissuepapierbahn und unterer Bespannung zumindest abschnittweise entlang der Entwässerungsstrecke zwischen einem unter Spannung stehenden Pressband und einer glatten Oberfläche geführt wird, wobei das Pressband auf die obere Bespannung einwirkt und sich die untere Bespannung an der glatten Oberfläche abstützt. Auch hier findet eine Entwässerung der Tissuepapierbahn in Richtung der unteren Bespannung statt.Additionally or optionally to the gas flow through the above-mentioned arrangement, it can be provided that in the dewatering step the arrangement of upper covering, tissue paper web and lower covering is guided at least in sections along the dewatering section between a tensioned press belt and a smooth surface, wherein the press belt on the upper clothing acts and the lower fabric is supported on the smooth surface. Again, a dewatering of the tissue paper web takes place in the direction of the lower clothing.

Vorzugsweise wird die Anordnung aus oberer Bespannung, Tissuepapierbahn und unterer Bespannung zumindest abschnittweise im Bereich der Entwässerungsstrecke von dem Gasstrom durchströmt, sodass die Entwässerung gleichzeitig durch die Presskraft des Pressbandes und die Durchströmung des Gases erfolgt.Preferably, the arrangement of upper covering, tissue paper web and lower covering is at least partially flowed through in the region of the dewatering section of the gas stream, so that the dewatering takes place simultaneously by the pressing force of the press belt and the flow of the gas.

Versuche haben gezeigt, dass der Gasstrom durch die Tissuepapierbahn ca. 150m3 pro Minute und Meter Länge entlang der Entwässerungsstrecke beträgt.Experiments have shown that the gas flow through the tissue paper web is about 150m 3 per minute and meter length along the drainage path.

Die Gasströmung kann hierbei durch eine Saugzone in einer Walze erzeugt werden. In diesem Fall hat die Saugzone eine Länge im Bereich zwischen 200mm und 2500mm, bevorzugt zwischen 800mm und 1800mm, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 1200mm und 1600mm und der Unterdruck in der Saugzone beträgt zwischen -0,2bar und -0,8bar, bevorzugt zwischen -0,4bar und -0,6bar.The gas flow can be generated by a suction zone in a roller. In this case, the suction zone has a length in the range between 200mm and 2500mm, preferably between 800mm and 1800mm, more preferably between 1200mm and 1600mm and the negative pressure in the suction zone is between -0.2bar and -0.8bar, preferably between -0, 4bar and -0,6bar.

Optional oder zusätzlich kann die Gasströmung auch durch eine oberhalb der oberen Bespannung angeordnete Überdruckhabe erzeugt werden. Bei der Überdruckhaube kann es sich bspw. um einen Dampfblaskasten handeln.Optionally or additionally, the gas flow can also be generated by an overpressure hub arranged above the upper clothing. The overpressure hood may, for example, be a steam blower box.

Im letztgenannten Fall beträgt die Temperatur der Gasströmung zwischen 50°C und 180°C, vorzugsweise zwischen 120°C und 150°C und der Überdruck beträgt weniger als 0,2bar, bevorzugt weniger als 0,1bar und besonders bevorzugt weniger als 0,05bar. Bei dem Gas kann es sich um heiße Luft oder um Dampf handeln.In the latter case, the temperature of the gas flow between 50 ° C and 180 ° C, preferably between 120 ° C and 150 ° C and the pressure is less than 0.2bar, preferably less than 0.1bar and more preferably less than 0.05bar , The gas can be hot air or steam.

Durch eine hohe Spannung des Pressbandes kann die Presskraft gesteigert werden. Versuche haben gezeigt, dass für eine ausreichende Entwässerung insbesondere der nicht voluminösen Abschnitte des Tissuepapiers das Pressband unter einer Spannung von zumindest 30kN/m, vorzugsweise zumindest 60kN/m oder 80kN/m steht.By a high tension of the press belt, the pressing force can be increased. Experiments have shown that for sufficient drainage, in particular of the non-voluminous sections of the tissue paper, the press belt is under a tension of at least 30 kN / m, preferably at least 60 kN / m or 80 kN / m.

Das Pressband kann hierbei eine spiralisierte Struktur haben und bspw. als sog. SiralLinkFabric ausgebildet sein. Des weiteren ist es möglich, dass das Pressband eine gewobene Struktur hat.The press belt can in this case have a spiral structure and, for example, be designed as a so-called SiralLinkFabric. Furthermore, it is possible that the press belt has a woven structure.

Um sowohl eine gute Entwässerung der Tissuepapierbahn durch die mechanische Spannung des Pressbandes als auch aufgrund des Gasstroms durch das Pressband erzielen zu können ist es sinnvoll, wenn das Pressband eine offene Fläche von zumindest 25% und eine Kontaktfläche von zumindest 10% seiner gesamten zur oberen Bespannung weisenden Fläche hat.In order to achieve both a good drainage of the tissue paper web by the mechanical stress of the press belt and due to the gas flow through the press belt, it makes sense if the press belt has an open area of at least 25% and a contact area of at least 10% of its total to the upper clothing has facing surface.

Durch eine Erhöhung der Kontaktfläche des Pressbandes wird ein gleichmäßiger mechanischer Druck auf die Anordnung aus strukturierter oberer Bespannung, Tissuepapier und unterer Bespannung ausgeübt.By increasing the contact surface of the press belt, a uniform mechanical pressure is exerted on the arrangement of structured upper clothing, tissue paper and lower clothing.

Mit allen der nachfolgend genannten Angaben zu Kontaktfläche und offener Fläche des Pressbandes werden zufrieden stellende Ergebnis erzielt.With all of the following information on contact surface and open area of the press belt satisfactory result can be achieved.

Demnach ist vorgesehen, dass das Pressband eine offene Fläche zwischen 75% und 85% und eine Kontaktfläche zwischen 15% und 25% seiner gesamten zur oberen Bespannung weisenden Fläche hat.Accordingly, it is envisaged that the press belt has an open area between 75% and 85% and a contact area between 15% and 25% of its total to the upper Has covering surface.

Des weiteren ist vorgesehen, dass das Pressband eine offene Fläche zwischen 68% und 76% und eine Kontaktfläche zwischen 24% und 32% seiner gesamten zur oberen Bespannung weisenden Fläche hat.Furthermore, it is envisaged that the press belt has an open area between 68% and 76% and a contact area between 24% and 32% of its total surface facing the upper clothing.

Sehr gute Ergebnisse bzgl. Trockengehalt und Voluminität des Tissuepapiers werden erreicht, wenn das Pressband eine offene Fläche zwischen 51% und 62% und eine Kontaktfläche zwischen 38% und 49% seiner gesamten zur oberen Bespannung weisenden Fläche hat.Very good results in terms of dry content and bulkiness of the tissue paper are achieved when the press belt has an open area of between 51% and 62% and a contact area of between 38% and 49% of its total upper facing surface.

Insbesondere durch die Ausbildung des Pressbandes mit einer gewobenen Struktur ist es möglich, dass das Pressband eine offene Fläche von 50% oder mehr und eine Kontaktfläche von 50% oder mehr seiner gesamten zur oberen Bespannung weisenden Fläche hat. Hierdurch kann sowohl eine gute Gasdurchströmung durch das Pressband wie auch eine homogene Presskraft mittels dem Pressband bereitgestellt werden.In particular, by forming the press belt with a woven structure, it is possible that the press belt has an open area of 50% or more and a contact area of 50% or more of its entire upper clothing facing surface. In this way, both a good gas flow through the press belt as well as a homogeneous pressing force can be provided by means of the press belt.

Die glatte Oberfläche wird vorzugsweise durch die Mantelfläche einer Walze gebildet.The smooth surface is preferably formed by the lateral surface of a roller.

Durch den oben beschriebenen Entwässerungsvorgang ist es möglich, dass die Tissuepapierbahn die Entwässerungsstrecke mit einem Trockengehalt zwischen 25% und 55% verlässt.By the dewatering process described above, it is possible for the tissue paper web to leave the dewatering section at a dry content of between 25% and 55%.

Um zu gewährleisten, dass die voluminösen Abschnitten des Tissuepapiers bei dem Entwässerungsschritt nur wenig gepresst werden ist es sinnvoll, wenn das strukturierte Sieb bei dem Entwässerungsschritt das selbe Sieb ist wie das bei der Bildung der Tissuepapierbahn. Hierdurch bleiben die voluminösen kissenartigen Abschnitte der Tissuepapierbahn während der Druckeinwirkung in den vertieften Bereichen des strukturiertern Siebs, wodurch die voluminösen Abschnitte vor der Druckeinwirkung in großem Maße geschützt sind und auf diese bedeutend weniger Druck ausgeübt wird als auf die dazwischen liegenden Abschnitte der Tissuepapierbahn. Die voluminöse Struktur der kissenartigen Abschnitte bleibt daher bei dem Entwässerungsschritt erhalten.In order to ensure that the voluminous sections of the tissue paper are only slightly pressed in the dewatering step, it makes sense if the structured sieve in the dewatering step is the same sieve as that in the formation of the tissue paper web. As a result, the voluminous pillow-like portions of the tissue paper web will remain in the recessed areas of the structured screen during the pressurization, thereby leaving the bulky portions in front of the screen Pressure are largely protected and applied to this significantly less pressure than on the intervening sections of the tissue paper web. The bulky structure of the pillow-like portions therefore remains in the dewatering step.

Vorzugsweise wird die Tissuepapierbahn in einem dem Entwässerungsschritt nachfolgenden weiteren Entwässerungsschritt zusammen mit der struktuierten Bespannung des Entwässerungsschrittes durch einen Pressspalt geführt und weiter entwässert.Preferably, the tissue paper web is guided in a further dewatering step subsequent to the dewatering step together with the structured covering of the dewatering step through a press nip and further dehydrated.

Des weiteren ist die Tissuepapierbahn im Pressspaltbvorzugsweise zwischen der strukturierten und permeablen oberen Bespannung und einer, insbesondere glatten und beheizten Walzenoberfläche angeordnet, wobei die beheizte und glatte Oberfläche vorzugsweise durch die Mantelfläche eines Yankee-Trockenzylinders gebildet wird.Furthermore, the tissue paper web in the press nip b is preferably arranged between the structured and permeable upper clothing and a, in particular smooth and heated, roller surface, wherein the heated and smooth surface is preferably formed by the jacket surface of a Yankee drying cylinder.

Durch den Transfer der Tissuepapierbahn auf der strukturierten oberen Bespannung durch den Pressspalt wird gewährleistet, dass auch bei diesem Entwässerungsschritt die voluminösen kissenartigen Abschnitte des Tissuepapiers weniger stark gepresst werden als die dazwischen liegenden Abschnitte.The transfer of the tissue paper web on the structured upper clothing through the press nip ensures that even in this dewatering step, the voluminous pillow-like sections of the tissue paper are pressed less strongly than the intervening sections.

Vorzugsweise sind die vertieften und die relativ dazu erhöhten Bereiche der strukturierten und permeable Bespannung derart ausgebildet und zueinander angeordnet, dass nur 35% oder weniger, insbesondere nur 25% oder weniger der Tissuepapierbahn im Pressspalt gepresst wird.Preferably, the recessed areas and the relatively elevated areas of the structured and permeable clothing are designed and arranged in such a way that only 35% or less, in particular only 25% or less, of the tissue paper web is pressed in the press nip.

Handelt es sich bei der strukturierten oberen Bespannung, wie bereits erwähnt um dieselbe strukturierte Bespannung auf der das Tissuepapier gebildet wurde, so wird die 3-dimensionale Struktur des Tisuepapiers bereits während der Formation gebildet. Bei den aus dem Stand der Technik Verfahren wird die 3-dimensionale Struktur des tissuepapiers hingegen erst bei einem nachfolgenden Entwässerungsschritt dadurch gebildet, dass die Tissuepapierbahn in ein strukturiertes Sieb gepresst wird, wodurch ein im wesentlichen beidseitig welliges Tissuepapier gebildet wird.If the structured upper clothing, as already mentioned, is the same structured clothing on which the tissue paper was formed, then the 3-dimensional structure of the paper is already formed during the formation. On the other hand, in the prior art methods, the 3-dimensional structure of the tissue paper only becomes effective at a subsequent dewatering step formed in that the tissue paper web is pressed into a structured sieve, whereby a substantially double-sided wavy tissue paper is formed.

Bei erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird durch die Formation des Tissuepapiers zwischen der strukturierten Bespannung und einem Formiersieb mit dazu relativ glatter Oberfläche eine Tissuepapierbahn gebildet, die im wesentlichen auf der Seite glatt ist, die auf dem glatten Formiersieb gebildet wurde. Beim Durchgang durch den Pressspalt kommt diese Seite mit der Mantelfläche des Yankee-Trockenzylinders in Kontakt, wodurch aufgrund der relativ großen Kontaktfläche gegenüber dem Stand der Technik ein Verbrennen der Tissuepapierbahn bei hohen Temperaturen des Yankee-Trockenzylinders verhindert wird. Hierdurch kann die Temperatur des Yankee-Trockenzylinders gegenüber dem Stand der Technik erhöht werden, was einen höheren Trockengehalt der produzierten Tissuepapierbahn zur Folge hat.In the method according to the invention, the formation of the tissue paper between the structured fabric and a forming fabric having a relatively smooth surface forms a tissue paper web which is substantially smooth on the side formed on the smooth forming fabric. When passing through the press nip, this side comes into contact with the jacket surface of the Yankee drying cylinder, which prevents burning of the tissue paper web at high temperatures of the Yankee drying cylinder due to the relatively large contact surface compared to the prior art. As a result, the temperature of the Yankee drying cylinder over the prior art can be increased, resulting in a higher dry content of the tissue paper web produced.

Für eine schonende Pressung im Pressspalt ist es sinnvoll, wenn der Pressspalt ein verlängerter Pressspalt ist, d.h. durch die Walzenoberfläche und eine Schuhpresseinheit gebildet wird.For a gentle pressing in the press nip, it makes sense if the press nip is an extended press nip, i. is formed by the roller surface and a shoe press unit.

Ist das Ziel den Trockengehalt zu steigern, was auf die Voluminität der hergestellten Tissuepapierbahn geht, so kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass der Pressspalt anstelle durch die Schuhpresseinheit und die Walzenoberfläche durch eine Saugpresswalze und die Walzenoberfläche gebildet wird.If the aim is to increase the dry content, which is based on the bulkiness of the tissue paper web produced, it may also be provided that the press nip is formed by a suction press roll and the roll surface instead of the shoe press unit and the roll surface.

Um Wasser zu entfernen, welches in der strukturierten oberen Bespannung mitgeführt wird und welches eine Entwässerung in dem Pressspalt behindert, ist es sinnvoll, wenn die Tissuepapierbahn zusammen mit der strukturierten Bespannung um eine besaugte Umlenkrolle geführt wird, wobei die strukturierte Bespannung zwischen der Tissuepapierbahn und der besaugten Umlenkrolle angeordnet ist.In order to remove water which is carried along in the structured upper clothing and which impedes dewatering in the press nip, it is expedient for the tissue paper web to be guided together with the structured clothing around an evacuated deflection roller, the structured clothing between the tissue paper web and the paper web sucked deflecting roller is arranged.

Die Erfindung soll anhand der folgenden schematischen Zeichnungen näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
Eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Stoffsuspension,
Fig. 2
eine abschnittweise Darstellung einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zur Herstellung von Tissuepapier,
Fig. 3
die Struktur einer Tissuepapierbahn bei deren Formation mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren,
Fig. 4
die Struktur einer Tissuepapierbahn bei deren Formation mit einem nach dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verfahren,
Fig. 5
die Struktur einer Tissuepapierbahn bei deren Entwässerung mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren,
Fig. 6
die Struktur einer Tissuepapierbahn bei deren 3-dimensionalen Strukturierung mit einem nach dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verfahren,
Fig. 7
die Struktur einer Tissuepapierbahn bei deren Entwässerung im Pressspalt mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren,
Fig. 8
die Struktur einer Tissuepapierbahn bei deren Entwässerung im Pressspalt mit einem aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verfahren,
Fig. 9
eine erste Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,
Fig. 10
eine zweite Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following schematic drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
A device for producing a stock suspension according to the invention,
Fig. 2
a section of a device for carrying out the method according to the invention for the production of tissue paper,
Fig. 3
the structure of a tissue paper web in its formation with the method according to the invention,
Fig. 4
the structure of a tissue paper web as it is being formed with a method known in the art;
Fig. 5
the structure of a tissue paper web during its dewatering with the method according to the invention,
Fig. 6
the structure of a tissue paper web in its 3-dimensional structuring with a method known from the prior art,
Fig. 7
the structure of a tissue paper web during its dewatering in the press nip with the method according to the invention,
Fig. 8
the structure of a tissue paper web during its dewatering in the press nip with a method known from the prior art,
Fig. 9
a first device for carrying out the method according to the invention,
Fig. 10
a second device for carrying out the method according to the invention.

Die Figur 1 zeigt eine Vorrichtung 1 zur erfindungsgemäßen Bereitstellung einer Stoffsuspension, die nachfolgend bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Tissuepapierbahn verwendet wird.The FIG. 1 shows an apparatus 1 for providing a stock suspension according to the invention, which is subsequently used in the inventive method for producing a tissue paper web.

Die Vorrichtung 1 umfasst einen Pulper 2 in dem eine durch Aufbreitung von Altpapier gewonnene Ausgangsstoffsuspension in einen pumpfähigen Zustand vorliegt. Vom Pulper 2 wird die Ausgangsstoffsuspension einer Mischbütte 3 zugeführt. Der Stoff hat in diesem Stadium eine Konsistenz von kleiner 10%, d.h. in der Regel von 5% oder weniger und wird in diesem Zusammenhang als niederkonsistenter Ausgangsstoff bezeichnet.The device 1 comprises a pulper 2 in which a raw material suspension obtained by spreading waste paper is in a pumpable state. From the pulper 2, the starting material suspension is fed to a mixing vessel 3. The fabric at this stage has a consistency of less than 10%, i. usually 5% or less and is referred to in this context as a low-consistency starting material.

Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel wird der niederkonsistente Ausgangsstoff einem Eindicker 4, der bspw. als Schneckenpresse ausgebildet sein kann, zugeführt und in diesem bspw. von einer Konsistenz von 5% auf eine Konsistenz von 25% bis 35%, idealerweise ca. 30% eingedickt, wodurch eine hochkonsistente Ausgangsstoffsuspension erzeugt wird.In the present embodiment, the low-consistency starting material is a Thickener 4, which may be formed, for example, as a screw press, supplied and thickened in this example. From a consistency of 5% to a consistency of 25% to 35%, ideally about 30%, whereby a highly consistent feedstock suspension is generated.

Die so gebildete hochkonsistente Ausgangsstoffsuspension wird einem Mahlprozess unterzogen.The highly consistent starting material suspension thus formed is subjected to a milling process.

Hierzu wird die hochkonsistente Ausgangsstoffsuspension in einem Heizkanal 5 auf eine Temperatur bis zu 80°C, idealerweise ca. 40°C, erhitzt und anschließend zum Mahlen einem Refiner 6 zugeführt.For this purpose, the high-consistency raw material suspension in a heating channel 5 to a temperature up to 80 ° C, ideally about 40 ° C, heated and then fed to a refiner 6 for grinding.

Beim Mahlvorgang wird die hochkonsistente Ausgangsstoffsuspension auf einen Mahlgrad von weniger als 30°SR, idealerweise weniger als 25°SR gemahlen.During the grinding process, the high-consistency raw material suspension is ground to a freeness of less than 30 ° SR, ideally less than 25 ° SR.

Zum Erhalt der hochkonsistenten Stoffsuspension wird die hochkonsistente Ausgangsstoffsuspension mit einer gesamten Mahlenergie im Bereich von 150kWh bis 300kWh, insbesondere 180kWh bis 250kWh pro Tonne gemahlen, wobei es denkbar ist, den Mahlvorgang in einem Schritt oder in mehreren Mahlschritten nacheinander durchzuführen.To obtain the highly consistent stock suspension, the highly consistent stock suspension is ground with a total grinding energy in the range of 150kWh to 300kWh, especially 180kWh to 250kWh per ton, and it is conceivable to carry out the grinding process in succession in one step or in several grinding steps.

Vor dem Mahlvorgang können dem Stoff, bspw. bereits im Pulper 2, Enzyme und Mittel zur Erhöhung der Trockenfestigkeit (DSA) und / oder Mittel zur Erhöhung der Nassfestigkeit (WSA) beigemengt werden.Before the grinding process, enzymes and agents for increasing the dry strength (DSA) and / or agents for increasing the wet strength (WSA) can be added to the substance, for example already in the pulper 2.

Besonders vorteilhaft in Bezug auf die gewünschten Eigenschaften bzgl. der später gebildeten Tissuepapierbahn im Hinblick auf deren Porosität und Permeabilität gekoppelt mit hoher Reißfestigkeit erweist sich, wenn die Enzyme der niederkonsistenten Ausgangssuspension bei einer Temperatur im Bereich von 25°C bis 70°C, bevorzugt 30°C bis 60°C, besonders bevorzugt bei ca. 35°C bis 45°C zugesetzt werden, wobei die niederkonsistente Ausgangssuspension einen ph-Wert im Bereich von 5 bis 8, bevorzugt 5,5 bis 7,5, besonders bevorzugt bei ca. 6,5 bis 7 hat und die Einwirkdauer der Enzyme auf die niederkonsistente Ausgangssuspension 1-2Stunden, vorzugsweise 1,5Stunden beträgt.Particularly advantageous in terms of the desired properties with respect to the later formed tissue paper web in terms of their porosity and permeability coupled with high tensile strength, it turns out that the enzymes of the low-consistency starting suspension at a temperature in the range of 25 ° C to 70 ° C, preferably 30 ° C to 60 ° C, more preferably at about 35 ° C to 45 ° C. be added, wherein the low-consistency starting suspension has a pH in the range of 5 to 8, preferably 5.5 to 7.5, more preferably at about 6.5 to 7 and the exposure time of the enzymes on the low-consistency starting suspension 1-2 hours , preferably 1.5 hours.

Anschließend wird die durch den Hochkonsistenzmahlvorgang gewonnene Stoffsuspension in einem Verdünnungstank 7 mit Wasser verdünnt, welches zumindest teilweise beim Eindicken im Eindicker 4 der niederkonsistenten Ausgangsstoffsuspension gewonnen wird.Subsequently, the stock suspension obtained by the Hochkonsistenzmahlvorgang is diluted in a dilution tank 7 with water, which is at least partially recovered during thickening in the thickener 4 of the low-consistency feedstock suspension.

Danach wird die so gewonnene wieder verdünnte Suspension einer Maschinenbütte 8 zugeführt.Thereafter, the thus obtained re-diluted suspension of a machine chest 8 is supplied.

Bei manchen niederkonsistenten Ausgangsstoffsuspensionen ist es möglich, bei keiner oder nur geringer Mahlung eine ausreichende Festigkeit zu erzielen, wenn diesen Enzyme und / oder Mittel zur Erhöhung der Trockenfestigkeit (DSA) und / oder Mittel zur Erhöhung der Nassfestigkeit (WSA) beigemengt werden. Ein Überführen einer solchen niederkonsistenten Ausgangsstoffsuspension, diese hat eine Konsistenz von weniger als 5%, in eine hochkonsistente Ausgangsstoffsuspension durch Eindicken erübrigt sich in diesem Fall. Zur geringen Mahlung wird eine solche niederkonsistente Ausgangsstoffsuspension direkt einem Heizkanal 5' und anschließend einem Refiner 6'zum Mahlen zugeführt.For some low-consistency raw material suspensions, it is possible to obtain sufficient strength with no or little milling when added to these enzymes and / or dry strength agents (DSA) and / or wet strength agents (WSA). Conversion of such a low-consistency starting material suspension, which has a consistency of less than 5%, in a highly consistent starting material suspension by thickening is unnecessary in this case. For low milling, such a low-consistency starting material suspension is fed directly to a heating channel 5 'and then to a refiner 6' for grinding.

Die so gewonnene niederkonsistente Stoffsuspension kann dann der Maschinenbütte 8 zugeführt werden.The thus obtained low-consistency stock suspension can then be fed to the machine chest 8.

In der Maschinenbütte 8 kann die durch den Hochkonsistenzmahlvorgang gewonnene Stoffsuspension mit der niederkonsistenten Suspension gemischt werden.In the machine chest 8, the pulp suspension obtained by the high-consistency grinding process can be mixed with the low-consistency suspension.

Des weiteren ist es auch denkbar, wenn bspw. bereits der niederkonsistente Ausgangsstoff eine hohe Festigkeit umfasst, dass die Stoffsuspension nur einen Stoffsuspensionsanteil umfasst, die durch Zugabe der Enzyme und Mahlung oder nur durch Zugabe der Enzyme bei niederer Konsistenz hergestellt wurde.Furthermore, it is also conceivable if, for example, even the low-consistency starting material comprises a high strength, that the stock suspension comprises only one pulp suspension fraction, which was prepared by adding the enzymes and grinding or only by adding the enzymes at low consistency.

Nach der Maschinenbütte 8 wird die Stoffsuspension mit Siebwasser 9 sehr stark verdünnt und einem Stoffauflauf 10 zugeführt.After the machine chest 8, the stock suspension is very strongly diluted with white water 9 and fed to a headbox 10.

Unabhängig davon wie die Stoffsuspension erhalten wird, ist es für die Herstellung von Tissuepapier wichtig, dass die aus dem Stoffauflauf 10 austretende und einen Altpapieranteil umfassende Stoffsuspension unmittelbar nach dem Refiner 6, 6' einen Mahlgrad von weniger als 30°SR hat und derart beschaffen ist, dass aus dieser ein Laborblatt nach TAPPI 205 SP 95 (Rapid Köthen) hergestellt werden kann, dessen Reißlänge 4,0km oder mehr ist, gemessen nach TAPPI 220 und TAPPI 494.Regardless of how the pulp suspension is obtained, it is important for the production of tissue paper that the pulp suspension emerging from the headbox 10 and containing a waste paper portion immediately after the refiner 6, 6 'has a freeness of less than 30 ° SR and is such in that it can be used to produce a laboratory sheet according to TAPPI 205 SP 95 (Rapid Köthen) whose tear length is 4.0 km or more, measured according to TAPPI 220 and TAPPI 494.

Das weitere Verfahren wird nun in den folgenden Figuren 2 bis 10 weiter erläutert, wobei die Figuren 10 und 11 zwei Ausführungsformen unterschiedlicher Vorrichtungen zur Durchführung des Verfahrens zeigen.The further procedure will now be in the following FIGS. 2 to 10 further explained, wherein the Figures 10 and Figure 11 shows two embodiments of different apparatuses for carrying out the method.

Eine Stoffsuspension 11 mit den oben genannten Eigenschaften tritt aus dem Stoffauflauf 10 derart aus, dass diese in den einlaufenden Spalt zwischen einem Formiersieb 12 und einem strukturierten, insbesondere 3-dimensional strukturierten Sieb 13 injiziert wird, wodurch eine Tissuepapierbahn 14 gebildet wird.A pulp suspension 11 with the above-mentioned properties emerges from the headbox 10 in such a way that it is injected into the incoming gap between a forming fabric 12 and a structured, in particular 3-dimensional structured fabric 13, whereby a tissue paper web 14 is formed.

Das Formiersieb 12 weist eine zur Tissuepapierbahn 14 gerichtete Seite auf, die relativ zu der des strukturierten Siebs 13 glatt ist.The forming fabric 12 has a side facing the tissue paper web 14 that is smooth relative to that of the structured fabric 13.

Hierbei weist die zur Tissuepapierbahn 14 weisende Seite 15 des strukturierten Siebs 13 vertiefte Bereiche 16 und relativ zu den vertieften Bereichen 16 erhöhte Bereiche 17 auf, so dass die Tissuepapierbahn 14 in den vertieften Bereichen 16 und den erhöhten Bereichen 17 des strukturierten Siebs 13 gebildet wird. Der Höhenunterschied zwischen den vertieften Bereichen 16 und den erhöhten Bereichen 17 beträgt vorzugsweise 0,07mm und 0,6mm. Die durch die erhöhten Bereiche 16 gebildete Fläche beträgt vorzugsweise 10% oder mehr, besonders bevorzugt 20% oder mehr und besonders bevorzugt 25% bis 30%. In der in der Figur 3 dargestellten Ausführungsform ist das strukturierte Sieb 13 als TAD-Sieb 13 ausgebildet.Here, the tissue paper web 14 facing side 15 of the structured screen 13 recessed areas 16 and relative to the recessed areas 16 elevated areas 17, so that the tissue paper web 14 in the recessed areas 16 and the elevated areas 17 of the structured screen 13 is formed. The height difference between the recessed areas 16 and the raised areas 17 is preferably 0.07 mm and 0.6 mm. The area formed by the raised areas 16 is preferably 10% or more, more preferably 20% or more, and most preferably 25% to 30%. In the in the FIG. 3 In the embodiment shown, the structured sieve 13 is designed as a TAD sieve 13.

In der in der Figur 2 dargestellten Ausführungsform wird die Anordnung aus TAD-Sieb 13, Tissuepapierbahn 14 und Formiersieb 12 um eine Formierwalze 18 gelenkt und die Tissuepapierbahn 14 im wesentlichen durch das Formiersieb 12 entwässert, bevor das Formiersieb 12 von der Tissuepapierbahn 14 abgenommen wird und die Tissuepapierbahn 14 auf dem TAD-Sieb 13 weiter transportiert wird.In the in the FIG. 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the array of TAD wire 13, tissue paper web 14 and forming wire 12 is directed around a forming roller 18 and the tissue paper web 14 is substantially dewatered through the forming wire 12 before the forming wire 12 is removed from the tissue paper web 14 and the tissue paper web 14 on the TAD Sieve 13 is transported on.

In der Figur 3 ist die Struktur der zwischen dem flachen Formiersieb 12 und dem TAD-Sieb 13 gebildeten Tissuepapierbahn 14 zu erkennen. Die in den vertieften Bereichen 16 des TAD-Siebs 13 gebildeten voluminösen kissenartigen Abschnitte C' der Tissuepapierbahn 14 haben ein höheres Volumen und ein höheres Flächengewicht als die in den erhöhten Bereichen 17 des TAD-Siebs 13 gebildeten Abschnitte A' der Tissuepapierbahn 14.In the FIG. 3 the structure of the tissue paper web 14 formed between the flat Formierieb 12 and the TAD screen 13 can be seen. The voluminous pillow-like portions C 'of the tissue paper web 14 formed in the recessed areas 16 of the TAD mesh 13 have a higher volume and a higher basis weight than the portions A' of the tissue paper web 14 formed in the raised areas 17 of the TAD mesh 13.

Die Tissuepapierbahn 14 weist demzufolge bereits aufgrund deren Formierung auf dem strukturierten Sieb 13 eine 3-dimensionale Struktur auf.The tissue paper web 14 therefore already has a 3-dimensional structure due to its formation on the structured sieve 13.

In der Figur 4 ist eine Tissuepapierbahn 114 zu erkennen, die zwischen zwei glatten Formiersieben 112 und 112' gebildet wurde.In the FIG. 4 a tissue paper web 114 is formed which has been formed between two smooth forming fabrics 112 and 112 '.

Die Tissuepapierbahn 114 ist aufgrund deren Formierung zwischen zwei glatten Formiersieben 112 und 112' im wesentlichen glatt und ohne 3-dimentionale Struktur ausgebildet.The tissue paper web 114 is formed due to their formation between two smooth Formiersieben 112 and 112 'substantially smooth and without 3-dimentionale structure.

Bei einem der Bildung der Tissuebahn 14 nachfolgenden Entwässerungsschritt wird die Tissuepapierbahn 14 zwischen dem strukturierten Sieb 13, welches oben angeordnet ist und einer unteren permeablen als Filz 19 ausgebildeten Bespannung 19 geführt, wobei bei dem Entwässerungsschritt entlang einer Entwässerungsstrecke Druck auf das strukturierte Sieb 13, die Tissuepapierbahn 14 und das Filz 19 derart ausgeübt wird, dass die Tissuepapierbahn 14 in Richtung des Filzes 19 entwässert wird, wie durch die Pfeile 20 in der Figur 5 angedeutet.In a dewatering step following the formation of the tissue web 14, the tissue paper web 14 is guided between the structured sieve 13, which is arranged at the top, and a lower, permeable fabric 19 which is formed as a felt 19, wherein pressure is applied to the structured sieve 13, in the dewatering step along a dewatering path Tissue paper web 14 and the felt 19 is applied such that the tissue paper web 14 is dewatered in the direction of the felt 19, as indicated by the arrows 20 in the FIG. 5 indicated.

Dadurch dass die Tissuepapierbahn 14 bei diesem Entwässerungsschritt in Richtung des Filzes 19 entwässert wird und dadurch dass die Tissuepapierbahn 14 auf dem strukturierten Sieb 13 entwässert wird, auf dem diese bereits gebildet wurde, werden die voluminösen Abschnitte C' weniger stark komprimiert als die Abschnitte A', so dass im Ergebnis die voluminöse Struktur der Abschnitte C' erhalten bleibt.By dewatering the tissue paper web 14 in the direction of the felt 19 during this dewatering step and by dewatering the tissue paper web 14 on the structured wire 13 on which it has already been formed, the bulky portions C 'are compressed less than the portions A'. so that, as a result, the bulky structure of the sections C 'is maintained.

In der Figur 6 ist die Erzeugung einer 3-dimensionalen Struktur der in der Figur 5 gebildeten Tissuepapierbahn 114 zu erkennen. Um die 3-dimensionale Struktur zu erzeugen, muss die Tissuepapierbahn 114 in ein strukturiertes Sieb 113 gepresst werden. Hierzu wird die Tissuepapierbahn 114 in den Abschnitten C, die in die vertieften Bereiche 116 des strukturierten Siebs 113 eingepresst werden, gedehnt, wodurch sich das Flächengewicht in den Abschnitten C verringert. Des weiteren wird die Tissuepapierbahn 114 in den Abschnitten C stark gepresst, so dass auch das Volumen der Abschnitte C verringert wird.In the FIG. 6 is the generation of a 3-dimensional structure in the FIG. 5 Detected tissue paper web 114 to recognize. To create the 3-dimensional structure, the tissue paper web 114 must be pressed into a structured sieve 113. To this end, the tissue paper web 114 is stretched in the sections C which are pressed into the recessed areas 116 of the structured screen 113, which reduces the weight per unit area in the sections C. Furthermore, the tissue paper web 114 is strongly pressed in the sections C, so that also the volume of the sections C is reduced.

Der Druck zur Entwässerung der Tissuepapierbahn 14 wird bei dem Entwässerungsschritt zumindest abschnittweise gleichzeitig durch einen Gasstrom und durch eine mechanische Presskraft erzeugt.The pressure for dewatering the tissue paper web 14 is generated in the dewatering step at least in sections simultaneously by a gas flow and by a mechanical pressing force.

Der Gasstrom durchströmt hierbei zuerst das strukturierte Sieb 13 dann die Tissuepapierbahn 14 und anschließend die als Filz 19 ausgebildete untere Bespannung. Der Gasstrom durch die Tissuepapierbahn 14 beträgt ca. 150m3 pro Minute und Meter Bahnlänge.The gas stream flows through first the structured sieve 13 then the tissue paper web 14 and then the formed as a felt 19 lower fabric. The gas flow through the tissue paper web 14 is about 150m 3 per minute and meter of web length.

Im vorliegenden Fall wird die Gasströmung durch eine Saugzone 25 in der Walze 24 erzeugt, wobei die Saugzone 25 eine Länge im Bereich zwischen 200mm und 2500mm, bevorzugt zwischen 800mm und 1800mm, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 1200mm und 1600mm hat.In the present case, the gas flow is generated by a suction zone 25 in the roller 24, wherein the suction zone 25 has a length in the range between 200mm and 2500mm, preferably between 800mm and 1800mm, more preferably between 1200mm and 1600mm.

Der Unterdruck in der Saugzone 25 beträgt zwischen -0,2bar und -0,8bar, bevorzugt zwischen -0,4bar und -0,6bar.The negative pressure in the suction zone 25 is between -0.2bar and -0.8bar, preferably between -0.4bar and -0.6bar.

Im Hinblick auf die Durchführung des durch mechanische Presskraft und optional oder zusätzlich mit Gasströmung durchgeführten Entwässerungsschritts sowie auf die verschiedenen Konfigurationen von Vorrichtungen zur Durchführung eines solchen Entwässerungsschritts wird auf die PCT/EP2005/050198 verwiesen.With regard to the execution of the dewatering step carried out by mechanical pressing force and optionally or additionally with gas flow, as well as the various configurations of devices for carrying out such a dewatering step, reference is made to FIGS PCT / EP2005 / 050198 directed.

Die mechanische Presskraft wird dadurch erzeugt, dass bei dem Entwässerungsschritt die Anordnung aus strukturiertem Sieb 13, Tissuepapierbahn 14 und Filz 19 einer Entwässerungsstrecke 21 zwischen einem unter Spannung stehenden Pressband 22 und einer glatten Oberfläche 23 geführt wird, wobei das Pressband 22 auf das strukturierte sieb 13 einwirkt und sich das Filz 19 an der glatten Oberfläche 23 abstützt.The mechanical pressing force is generated by the fact that in the dewatering step, the arrangement of structured wire 13, tissue paper web 14 and felt 19 a dewatering section 21 between a tensioned press belt 22 and a smooth surface 23 is guided, wherein the press belt 22 on the structured sieve 13th acting and the felt 19 is supported on the smooth surface 23.

Die glatte Oberfläche 23 wird hierbei durch die Mantelfläche 23 einer Walze 24 gebildet.The smooth surface 23 is in this case formed by the lateral surface 23 of a roller 24.

Die Entwässerungsstrecke 21 wird im wesentlichen durch den Umschlingungsbereich des Pressbandes 22 um die Mantelfläche 23 der Walze 24 festgelegt, wobei der Umschlingungsbereich durch den Abstand der beiden Umlenkrollen 25 und 26 festgelegt wird.The dewatering section 21 is essentially defined by the wrap-around region of the press belt 22 around the lateral surface 23 of the roller 24, wherein the wrap-around region is determined by the spacing of the two deflection rollers 25 and 26.

Das Pressband 22 steht unter einer Spannung von zumindest 30kN/m, vorzugsweise zumindest 60kN/m oder 80kN/m und hat eine offene Fläche von zumindest 25% und eine Kontaktfläche von zumindest 10% seiner gesamten zur oberen Bespannung weisenden Fläche.The press belt 22 is under a tension of at least 30 kN / m, preferably at least 60kN / m or 80kN / m and has an open area of at least 25% and a contact area of at least 10% of its total upper facing area.

Im konkreten Fall ist das Pressband ist als Spiral Link Fabric ausgebildet und eine offene Fläche zwischen 51% und 62% und eine Kontaktfläche zwischen 38% und 49% seiner gesamten zur oberen Bespannung weisenden Fläche.In this specific case, the press belt is designed as a spiral link fabric and has an open area of between 51% and 62% and a contact area of between 38% and 49% of its total area facing the upper clothing.

Im Hinblick auf die Struktur des Pressbandes wird auf die PCT/EP2005/050198 verwiesen.With regard to the structure of the press belt is on the PCT / EP2005 / 050198 directed.

Die Tissuepapierbahn 14 verlässt die Entwässerungsstrecke 21 mit einem Trockengehalt zwischen 25% und 55%.The tissue paper web 14 leaves the dewatering section 21 with a dry content of between 25% and 55%.

Nachfolgend wird die Tissuepapierbahn 14 in einem dem Entwässerungsschritt nachfolgenden weiteren Entwässerungsschritt zusammen mit dem struktuierten Sieb 13 durch einen Pressspalt 27 geführt, wobei die Tissuepapierbahn 14 im Pressspalt 27 zwischen dem strukturierten Sieb 13 und einer glatten Walzenoberfläche 28 eines Yankee-Trockenzylinders 29 angeordnet ist. Der Pressspalt 27 ist hierbei ein durch den Yankee-Trockenzylinder 29 und einer Schuhpresse 30 gebildeter Schuhpressspalt.Subsequently, the tissue paper web 14 is guided in a further dewatering step subsequent dewatering step together with the structured screen 13 through a press nip 27, wherein the tissue paper web 14 is disposed in the press nip 27 between the structured wire 13 and a smooth roll surface 28 of a Yankee drying cylinder 29. The press nip 27 is in this case a shoe press nip formed by the Yankee drying cylinder 29 and a shoe press 30.

Die Tissuepapierbahn 14 liegt auf einer Seite mit einer relativ großen Fläche auf der Mantelfläche 28 der Yankee-Trockenzylinders 29 auf, wobei die Tissuepapierebahn 14 auf der anderen Seite auf dem strukturierten Sieb 13 aufliegt.The tissue paper web 14 rests on one side with a relatively large area on the lateral surface 28 of the Yankee drying cylinder 29, wherein the tissue paper web 14 rests on the structured sieve 13 on the other side.

Die vertieften Bereiche 16 und die relativ dazu erhöhten Bereiche 17 des strukturierten Siebs 13 sind hierbei derart ausgebildet und zueinander angeordnet, dass die kissenartigen Abschnitte C' im Pressspalt 27 im wesentlichen nicht gepresst werden, dies sind 35% oder weniger, insbesondere 25% oder weniger der Tissuepapierbahn 14. Die Abschnitte A' werden dagegen gepresst, wodurch die Festigkeit der Tissuepapierbahn 14 weiter erhöht wird (Figur 7).The recessed areas 16 and the relatively elevated areas 17 of the structured screen 13 are in this case designed and arranged relative to one another such that the pillow-like sections C 'in the press nip 27 are essentially not pressed these are 35% or less, in particular 25% or less, of the tissue paper web 14. On the other hand, the sections A 'are pressed, whereby the strength of the tissue paper web 14 is further increased ( FIG. 7 ).

Die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Tissuepapierbahn 114 kommt im Vergleich zur tissuepapierbahn 14 mit einer relativ kleinen Fläche auf der Mantelfläche 128 des Yankee-Trockenzylinders zur Anlage. Dies hat den Nachteil, dass das Tissuepapier 114 an der Mantelfläche verbrennen kann, weshalb die Temperatur des Yankee-Zylinders bei dem aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verfahren niediger gehalten werden muss. Dies hat zur Folge, dass mit dem aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verfahren ein geringerer Trockengehalt erzielbar ist (Figur 8).The tissue paper web 114 known from the prior art comes into contact with the jacket surface 128 of the Yankee drying cylinder in comparison to the tissue paper web 14 with a relatively small area. This has the disadvantage that the tissue paper 114 can burn on the lateral surface, which is why the temperature of the Yankee cylinder must be kept lower in the method known from the prior art. This has the consequence that with the method known from the prior art, a lower dry content can be achieved ( FIG. 8 ).

Zwischen den beiden beschriebenen Entwässerungsschritten kein ein weiterer Entwässerungsschritt vorgesehen sein, der mittels einer Vorrichtung 31 durchführbar ist.No further dewatering step, which can be carried out by means of a device 31, may be provided between the two described dewatering steps.

Optional kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Tissuepapierbahn 14 bevor diese durch den Pressspalt 27 läuft zusammen mit dem strukturierten Sieb 13 um eine besaugte Umlenkrolle geführt wird, wobei das strukturierte Sieb 13 zwischen der Tissuepapierbahn 14 und der besaugten Umlenkrolle angeordnet ist (nicht dargestellt).Optionally, it can be provided that the tissue paper web 14 before it passes through the press nip 27 is guided together with the structured wire 13 around an evacuated deflection roller, the structured wire 13 being arranged between the tissue paper web 14 and the evacuated deflection roller (not shown).

Aus der Figur 10 ist ersichtlich, dass die Gasströmung zusätzlich durch eine oberhalb des strukturierten Siebs 13 angeordnete Überdruckhabe 31 erzeugt werden kann, wobei der Entwässerungsschritt in diesem Fall ohne mechanische Presskraft erfolgt, d.h. es ist im Gegensatz zur Figur 9 kein Pressband 22 vorgesehen, das die Walze 24 abschnittweise umschlingt.From the FIG. 10 It can be seen that the gas flow can additionally be generated by an overpressure hub 31 arranged above the structured sieve 13, the dewatering step in this case taking place without mechanical pressing force, ie it is in contrast to FIG FIG. 9 no press belt 22 is provided which wraps around the roller 24 in sections.

Claims (63)

  1. Process for producing a tissue paper web which is produced from a stock suspension comprising fibres, and the stock suspension being at least partly formed by a proportion of stock suspension obtained by preparing waste paper,
    characterized in that
    the stock suspension is refined to a freeness of less than 30° SR immediately after the refiner, and in that a laboratory sheet produced from the stock suspension in accordance with TAPPI 205 SP 95 (Rapid Köthen) has a tearing length, measured in accordance with TAPPI 220 and TAPPI 494, of 4.0 km or more.
  2. Process according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    a laboratory sheet can be formed from the stock suspension in accordance with TAPPI 205 SP 95 (Rapid Köthen) with a tearing length of 4.3 km or more, measured in accordance with TAPPI 220 and TAPPI 494.
  3. Process according to Claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that
    the stock suspension has a freeness of 28° SR or less, in particular of 25° SR or less.
  4. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that
    the greater part of the fibrous proportion in the stock suspension is formed by the fibres of the proportion of the stock suspension obtained by preparing waste paper.
  5. Process according to Claim 4,
    characterized in that
    the fibrous proportion of the stock suspension is formed completely by the fibres of the proportion of the stock suspension obtained by preparing waste paper.
  6. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 5,
    characterized in that
    the proportion of the stock suspension obtained by preparing waste paper comprises deinked pulp (DIP).
  7. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 6,
    characterized in that
    the stock suspension has a proportion of ash of less than 4%.
  8. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 7,
    characterized in that
    the stock suspension has a proportion of fines of less than 25%.
  9. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 8,
    characterized in that
    the stock suspension comprises a proportion of suspension which has been produced from a low-consistency initial stock suspension having a consistency of less than 5%.
  10. Process according to Claim 9,
    characterized in that
    the low-consistency initial stock suspension has enzymes and/or means for increasing the dry strength (dry strength agent) and/or means for increasing the wet strength (wet strength agent) added to it.
  11. Process according to Claim 10,
    characterized in that
    DSA comprises carbon methyl cellulose and/or starch.
  12. Process according to Claim 10 or 11,
    characterized in that
    WSA comprises Kymene®.
  13. Process according to one of Claims 10 to 12,
    characterized in that
    the enzyme is added to the low-consistency initial stock suspension at a temperature in the range from 25°C to 70°C, preferably 30°C to 60°C, particularly preferably at around 35°C to 45°C.
  14. Process according to one of Claims 9 to 13,
    characterized in that
    the enzyme is added to the low-consistency initial stock suspension at a pH in the range from 5 to 8, preferably 5.5 to 7.5, particularly preferably at around 6.5 to 7.
  15. Process according to one of Claims 9 to 14,
    characterized in that
    the enzymes act on the low-consistency initial stock suspension for an action period of 1-2 hours, preferably 1.5 hours.
  16. Process according to one of Claims 9 to 15,
    characterized in that
    the enzymes are added to the low-consistency initial stock suspension before the refining.
  17. Process according to Claim 16,
    characterized in that
    the enzymes are added in the pulper.
  18. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 17,
    characterized in that
    the stock suspension comprises a proportion of suspension which has been produced from a high-consistency initial stock suspension with a consistency of 20% or more, preferably 20% to 40%, particularly preferably 25% to 35%.
  19. Process according to Claim 18,
    characterized in that
    the high-consistency initial stock suspension is produced from a low-consistency initial stock suspension by thickening the latter.
  20. Process according to Claim 19,
    characterized in that
    the thickening is carried out by means of a screw press.
  21. Process according to one of Claims 18 to 20,
    characterized in that
    the high-consistency initial stock suspension is refined with a refining energy in the range from 150 kWh to 300 kWh, in particular 180 kWh to 250 kWh, per ton.
  22. Process according to one of Claims 18 to 21,
    characterized in that
    the high-consistency initial stock suspension is refined at a temperature up to 80°C, preferably at 40°C.
  23. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 22,
    characterized in that
    the stock suspension has a retention value for water of 1.5 g/g or less, preferably 1.4 g/g or less, measured in accordance with TAPPI UM 256.
  24. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 23,
    characterized in that
    the tissue paper web is compressed more intensely in areas than in other areas, in particular in that the tissue paper web is not compressed in the other areas.
  25. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 24,
    characterized in that
    the tissue paper web is formed from the stock suspension on a structured, in particular 3-dimensionally structured, fabric.
  26. Process according to Claim 25,
    characterized in that
    the side of the structured fabric that faces the tissue paper web comprises deepened regions and regions elevated relative to the deepened regions.
  27. Process according to Claim 25 or 26,
    characterized in that
    the tissue paper web is formed in the deepened and the elevated regions of the structured fabric.
  28. Process according to one of Claims 25 to 27
    characterized in that
    the structured fabric comprises a TAD fabric or a DSP fabric.
  29. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 28,
    characterized in that
    during a dewatering step, the tissue paper web is led between an upper structured, in particular 3-dimensionally structured, and permeable fabric and between a lower permeable fabric, pressure being exerted on the upper fabric, the tissue paper web and the lower fabric along a dewatering section during the dewatering step.
  30. Process according to Claim 29,
    characterized in that
    the side of the structured fabric that faces the tissue paper web comprises deepened regions and regions elevated relative to the deepened regions.
  31. Process according to Claim 30,
    characterized in that
    the tissue paper web is compressed less intensely in the deepened regions than in the elevated regions, in particular not compressed at all.
  32. Process according to one of Claims 29 to 31,
    characterized in that
    the upper structured and permeable fabric is a structured fabric, in particular a TAD fabric or a DSP fabric, and the lower permeable fabric is a felt.
  33. Process according to one of Claims 29 to 32,
    characterized in that
    the compressibility of the upper fabric is lower than that of the lower fabric.
  34. Process according to one of Claims 29 to 33,
    characterized in that
    the dynamic stiffness (K), as a measure of the compressibility of the upper fabric, is 3000 N/mm or more.
  35. Process according to one of Claims 29 to 34,
    characterized in that
    the dynamic stiffness (K), as a measure of the compressibility of the lower fabric, is 100 000 N/mm or less, preferably 90 000 N/mm, particularly preferably 70 000 N/mm or less.
  36. Process according to one of Claims 29 to 35,
    characterized in that
    the shear modulus, as a measure of the elasticity of the lower fabric, is 2 N/mm2 or more, preferably 4 N/mm2 or more.
  37. Process according to one of Claims 29 to 36,
    characterized in that
    the permeability of the lower fabric is 80 cfm or less, preferably 40 cfm or less, particularly preferably 25 cfm or less.
  38. Process according to one of Claims 29 to 37,
    characterized in that
    during the dewatering step, a gas flows firstly through the upper fabric, then the tissue paper web and then the lower fabric.
  39. Process according to one of Claims 29 to 38,
    characterized in that
    during the dewatering step, the arrangement comprising the upper fabric, tissue paper web and lower fabric is led along the dewatering section, at least in some sections, between a press belt under tension and a smooth surface, the press belt acting on the upper fabric and the lower fabric being supported on the smooth surface.
  40. Process according to one of Claims 29 to 39,
    characterized in that
    the gas flow flows through the arrangement comprising the upper fabric, tissue paper web and lower fabric, at least in some sections, in the region of the dewatering section.
  41. Process according to one of Claims 38 to 40,
    characterized in that
    the gas flow through the tissue paper web is about 150 m3 per minute and metre length along the dewatering section.
  42. Process according to one of Claims 39 to 41,
    characterized in that
    the press belt is under a tension of at least 30 kN/m, preferably at least 60 kN/m or 80 kN/m.
  43. Process according to one of Claims 39 to 42,
    characterized in that
    the press belt has a spiralized structure.
  44. Process according to one of Claims 39 to 43,
    characterized in that
    the press belt has a woven structure.
  45. Process according to one of Claims 39 to 44,
    characterized in that
    the press belt has an open area of at least 25% and a contact area of at least 10% of the whole of its area facing the upper fabric.
  46. Process according to Claim 45,
    characterized in that
    the press belt has an open area between 75% and 85% and a contact area between 15% and 25% of the whole of its area facing the upper fabric.
  47. Process according to Claim 45,
    characterized in that
    the press belt has an open area between 68% and 76% and a contact area between 24% and 32% of the whole of its area facing the upper fabric.
  48. Process according to Claim 45,
    characterized in that
    the press belt has an open area between 51% and 62% and a contact area between 38% and 49% of the whole of its area facing the upper fabric.
  49. Process according to Claim 45,
    characterized in that
    the press belt has an open area of 50% or more and a contact area of 50% or more of the whole of its area facing the upper fabric.
  50. Process according to one of Claims 39 to 49,
    characterized in that
    the smooth surface is formed by the circumferential surface of a roll.
  51. Process according to Claim 50,
    characterized in that
    the gas flow is generated by a suction zone in the roll.
  52. Process according to Claim 51,
    characterized in that
    the suction zone has a length in the range between 200 mm and 2500 mm, preferably between 800 mm and 1800 mm, particularly preferably between 1200 mm and 1600 mm.
  53. Process according to Claim 51 or 52,
    characterized in that
    the negative pressure in the suction zone is between -0.2 bar and -0.8 bar, preferably between -0.4 bar and -0.6 bar.
  54. Process according to one of Claims 38 to 53,
    characterized in that
    the gas flow is generated by a positive pressure hood arranged above the upper fabric.
  55. Process according to one of Claims 29 to 54,
    characterized in that
    the tissue paper web leaves the dewatering section with a dryness between 25% and 55%.
  56. Process according to one of Claims 29 to 55,
    characterized in that
    the structured fabric during the formation of the tissue paper web is the same fabric as in the dewatering step.
  57. Process according to one of Claims 29 to 56,
    characterized in that
    in a further dewatering step following the dewatering step, the tissue paper web is led through a pressure nip together with the structured fabric of the dewatering step.
  58. Process according to Claim 57,
    characterized in that
    the tissue paper web in the pressure nip is arranged between the structured and permeable fabric and a roll surface, in particular a smooth roll surface.
  59. Process according to Claim 57 or 58,
    characterized in that
    the deepened regions and the regions elevated relative thereto of the structured and permeable fabric are formed and arranged in relation to one another in such a way that only 35% or less, in particular only 25% or less, of the tissue paper web is pressed in the pressure nip.
  60. Process according to one of Claims 57 to 59,
    characterized in that
    the pressure nip is a shoe pressure nip.
  61. Process according to one of Claims 57 to 59,
    characterized in that
    the pressure nip is formed between the roll surface and a suction press roll.
  62. Process according to one of Claims 58 to 61,
    characterized in that
    the roll surface is formed by the circumferential surface of a yankee drying cylinder.
  63. Process according to one of Claims 57 to 62,
    characterized in that
    the tissue paper web is led around an evacuated deflection roller together with the structured fabric, the structured fabric being arranged between the tissue paper web and the evacuated deflection roller.
EP06121949A 2005-10-13 2006-10-09 A process for manufacturing of tissue paper Not-in-force EP1775380B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005049502A DE102005049502A1 (en) 2005-10-13 2005-10-13 Process for the production of tissue paper

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1775380A2 EP1775380A2 (en) 2007-04-18
EP1775380A3 EP1775380A3 (en) 2007-05-16
EP1775380B1 true EP1775380B1 (en) 2012-02-29

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EP06121949A Not-in-force EP1775380B1 (en) 2005-10-13 2006-10-09 A process for manufacturing of tissue paper

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US (1) US7972476B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1775380B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE547564T1 (en)
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DE (1) DE102005049502A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
US7972476B2 (en) 2011-07-05
DE102005049502A1 (en) 2007-04-19
US20070119558A1 (en) 2007-05-31
EP1775380A2 (en) 2007-04-18
EP1775380A3 (en) 2007-05-16
BRPI0604656A (en) 2008-04-01
ATE547564T1 (en) 2012-03-15

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