EP1769851A1 - Filtre électrostatique - Google Patents
Filtre électrostatique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1769851A1 EP1769851A1 EP05021046A EP05021046A EP1769851A1 EP 1769851 A1 EP1769851 A1 EP 1769851A1 EP 05021046 A EP05021046 A EP 05021046A EP 05021046 A EP05021046 A EP 05021046A EP 1769851 A1 EP1769851 A1 EP 1769851A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- filter device
- electrodes
- gas turbine
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005108 dry cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 43
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/019—Post-treatment of gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
- B03C3/025—Combinations of electrostatic separators, e.g. in parallel or in series, stacked separators or dry-wet separator combinations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
- B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
- B03C3/14—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by the additional use of mechanical effects, e.g. gravity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
- B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
- B03C3/45—Collecting-electrodes
- B03C3/49—Collecting-electrodes tubular
Definitions
- the invention relates to a filter device for separating particles from a gas fluid aspirated by a gas turbine and a gas turbine with such a filter device.
- a compressor from the surrounding air sucks, compresses and directs them to a combustion chamber of the gas turbine. There, the air is burned together with a supplied fuel, resulting in hot combustion gases. The combustion gases flow at high speed into a turbine which is driven therewith.
- dirt particles When sucking the air from the environment of the gas turbine compressor, it is unavoidable that dirt particles are introduced into the compressor with.
- the dirt particles can sand grains, insects, pollen, dust of different chemical composition u. ⁇ . Have. In the compressor, they encounter rotating parts, which can lead to unwanted reactions. These include erosion or corrosion of compressor blades, deposits on the compressor blades and other parts inside the compressor, or agglomerations and chemical reactions of the supplied foreign bodies with each other.
- the operation of a textile filter can be problematic, since forming a wet surface of the filter ice, thus a flow passage is significantly hampered and a gas turbine is only partially operable.
- the textile filters used are regularly replaced with new and clean filters, to achieve a long life of the gas turbine, the associated compressor including the compressor blades are cleaned several times a year. Since in this case the gas turbine, which is usually in operation without interruption, must be switched off and power generation by the gas turbine is thus interrupted, such maintenance measures are complex and expensive.
- the invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a filter device of the type mentioned above, which has a low pressure loss between the input and output side of the filter device at a high filter effect, so that a high gas turbine performance is achievable, this being both dry and should be possible in humid ambient air.
- a time-consuming maintenance and cleaning of the filter device should no longer be necessary.
- the filter device for separating particles from a gas fluid aspirated by a gas turbine has a vertically arranged pipe electrostatic filter.
- dirt particles are electrically charged in the gas fluid and transported by the action of electrical forces to an electrode on which they are deposited. Since the gas fluid no longer needs to flow through any meshes of a textile filter, this filtering is coupled with a low pressure loss between the inlet and outlet sides of the filter device, so that even large gas fluid streams can be efficiently filtered.
- the charging of dirt particles succeeds even with moist gas fluid, so that can be achieved on the output side of the filter, a dry fluid.
- the frequency of maintenance operations for cleaning compressor blades and the like will become less frequent. a. significantly reduced, and the erosion and corrosion of compressor blades is reduced. Due to the low pressure loss, a compressor can be sized smaller and a larger gas turbine performance can be achieved.
- the tubular electrostatic filter of the filter device for ionization of the particles in the gas fluid needle-shaped sputtering electrodes, which generate overlapping ion beams.
- This can generate a strong turbulence of the ion beams, slowed down by the dirt particles in the gas fluid and effectively to one for the deposition provided electrode can be transported. This makes it possible to achieve a high deposition rate of the dirt particles.
- a voltage of greater than 130 kV is present between a positive and a negative electrode of the tubular electro-filter.
- a relatively large distance between the electrodes can be achieved, so that the pressure loss during the passage of the filter is even lower.
- larger tolerances for a deposited amount of dust on a collecting electrode can be allowed by the greater distance of the electrodes. This makes it possible to increase a time interval between individual cycles for cleaning such a filter. Furthermore, such a high voltage enables an even higher deposition rate and thus a very efficient filtering effect.
- the tube electrostatic precipitator may comprise a filter cell having a honeycomb-shaped precipitation electrode for the deposition of the contaminant particles, wherein the precipitation electrode is arranged around the ejection electrodes.
- the honeycomb structure allows a self-supporting structure of the filter device, so that a lightweight construction can be achieved. This reduces the manufacturing costs of the filter device according to the invention.
- the filter device is provided with a tubular electrostatic filter having 1, 3, 4, 7, 10, 16, 25, 36, 45, 55, 65 or 95 filter cells.
- the filter cells are arranged in parallel, so that can be filtered by such a modular design of the filter device very small to very large volume flows efficiently.
- the filter device according to the invention is preferably designed such that a dry or wet cleaning of the electrodes can be carried out in the tubular electrostatic filter.
- a suitable cleaning of the electrodes can be carried out.
- this cleaning is preferably carried out by a mechanically induced vibration of the electrodes. This can be done for example in such a way that the electrodes hit impact tools regularly, whereby the dust is released from the electrode surfaces and drops. If the operating voltage is briefly lowered during knocking, the cleaning can be improved.
- the electrodes are, for example, sprayed with water and the resulting sludge flushed out.
- the filter device has at least one additional filter, which is connected downstream of the tube electrostatic precipitator.
- This may be a plate electrostatic filter with relatively narrow lanes intended for dry gas fluid.
- the additional filter takes over a "monitoring function", so that there is additional security with regard to a low entry of dirt particles into the compressor in the case of possibly not well filtered gas fluid through the tubular electrostatic filter.
- a textile filter can be provided.
- This is advantageous because the contamination of the textile filter can be reduced to a minimum by the upstream tubular electrostatic filter, so that the hitherto known difficulties, such as frequent maintenance, no longer occur in a textile filter downstream of the tubular electrostatic precipitator.
- a moist gas fluid After passing through the tubular electrostatic precipitator, a moist gas fluid has already been freed from moisture to such an extent that no clumping or clogging of filter meshes occurs in the textile filter.
- This is also advantageous when operating the filter in winter, because the dirt particles on the textile filter can not freeze and a passage of gas fluid is no longer blocked.
- the textile filter is also advantageous because it can be operated without the supply of electrical energy, so that sufficient energy can still be obtained for a limited time when the electrical energy that is not present can be reached.
- the invention further relates to a gas turbine with a compressor, a combustion chamber and a turbine, wherein the gas turbine has a filter device, as has been previously described.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a gas turbine 100.
- air 1 is sucked from the outside and passes through a filter device 2.
- the filter device 2 has in this embodiment, a tubular electrostatic precipitator 20 and a downstream textile filter 22, which are shown in Figure 1 only schematically.
- the tubular electrostatic precipitator is intended to provide, in a first stage filter, high filtration, even from a humid gas fluid, e.g. To reach air.
- the downstream textile filter is thus supplied dried air, so that clogging of dirt particles does not occur and a good air passage is given.
- the filtered air enters the compressor 3 and is compressed there until it exits at its outlet as compressed air 4 again. There it is passed to a combustion chamber 5, where it is burned together with a supplied fuel 7.
- combustion gases 8 which are passed to a downstream turbine 9 and drive the turbine.
- the flow energy of the combustion gas 8 is partially converted to mechanical energy by driving the compressor 3 and a generator 12.
- the compressor 3 and the turbine 9 as well as the generator 12 are mounted on a common shaft 13. After passing through the turbine 9, the combustion gas 8 finally exits the turbine 9 as hot exhaust gas 10.
- the efficiency of a gas turbine can be increased by using the heat of the hot exhaust gas 10. This is done, for example, in that the hot exhaust gas 10 is supplied to a recuperator 5 (heat exchanger), which preheats the compressed air 4 before it enters the combustion chamber 8, see Fig. 2. Thus, the amount of fuel supplied. 7 reduce, so that less energy is required to operate the gas turbine. Less hot exhaust gas 11 then exits the recuperator 5.
- a recuperator 5 heat exchanger
- FIG. 3 shows a top view of a tubular electro-filter 20 which is used in the filter device according to the invention.
- the tubular electrostatic precipitator 20 has discharge electrodes 21 which project in a needle-shaped manner in the direction of the precipitation electrode 23 surrounding it.
- the sputtering electrodes are cathodically poled, so that when a voltage is applied by the sputtering electrode, electrons are emitted. They experience such a strong acceleration that, starting from a certain voltage, an ionization of the gasfluid surrounding and to be filtered by the discharge electrodes occurs. This ionization occurs well below the breakdown voltage.
- the free electrons strike neutral gas molecules, so that gas ions and other electrons are formed by impact ionization. This forms an electron avalanche, which moves towards the collecting electrode. If the spray electrodes are close enough to each other, the gas ion beams 22 overlap, as shown in FIG. On the one hand, the gas ions strike the collecting electrode and release more electrons on impact. On the other hand, the gas ions deposit on dust particles and load them with it. Under the influence of the electric field between the electrodes, the charged dust particles are transported transversely to the flow direction of the fluid to the collecting electrode where they release their charges and deposit on their surface due to adhesive forces, so that a deposited dust layer 24 is formed (in Fig.
- the deposition electrode should be designed such that to achieve a nearly constant electric field between a spray electrode and an associated deposition electrode, the distance between the electrodes is approximately equal.
- the collecting electrode is honeycombed or formed as a hexagonal tube. This is advantageous in particular with regard to the joining together of a plurality of filter cells 25, see FIG. 4. This makes it possible to achieve a self-supporting structure of the filter device without a gap between the individual cells, which requires relatively little material and is nevertheless stable.
- the honeycomb structure makes it possible to achieve a larger or smaller passage area for the fluid to be filtered by combining a desired number of filter cells.
Landscapes
- Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05021046A EP1769851A1 (fr) | 2005-09-27 | 2005-09-27 | Filtre électrostatique |
US11/527,717 US20080072759A1 (en) | 2005-09-27 | 2006-09-27 | Filter device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05021046A EP1769851A1 (fr) | 2005-09-27 | 2005-09-27 | Filtre électrostatique |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1769851A1 true EP1769851A1 (fr) | 2007-04-04 |
Family
ID=35716660
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05021046A Withdrawn EP1769851A1 (fr) | 2005-09-27 | 2005-09-27 | Filtre électrostatique |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080072759A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1769851A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2535115A1 (fr) * | 2011-06-16 | 2012-12-19 | GEA Bischoff GmbH | Procédé et dispositif de suppression de particules à partir d'un gaz |
US10890113B2 (en) | 2015-12-02 | 2021-01-12 | Airtech Innovations, Llc | System, apparatuses, and methods for improving the operation of a turbine by using electrostatic precipitation |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3773762A4 (fr) * | 2018-04-07 | 2022-01-12 | Praful Ramachandra Naik | Système de purification d'air |
KR102352630B1 (ko) * | 2020-01-22 | 2022-01-18 | 정종승 | 스노우크리스탈 이오나이저를 갖는 양방향 미세먼지 육각관 집진모듈 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2055628A (en) * | 1979-08-04 | 1981-03-11 | Rolls Royce | Apparatus for removing impurities from gases |
US4375982A (en) * | 1980-10-31 | 1983-03-08 | Klockner-Werke Ag | Method for purifying a dust-containing hot gas, more particularly coal gas produced from coal fed into a steel or iron bath reactor |
WO1996024760A1 (fr) * | 1995-02-09 | 1996-08-15 | Imatran Voima Oy | Procede et un dispositif d'epuration de l'air d'admission d'une turbine a gaz |
WO2000062936A1 (fr) * | 1999-04-19 | 2000-10-26 | Fortum Service Oy | Systeme et procede pour la purification de gaz en ecoulement |
WO2003002861A1 (fr) * | 2001-06-05 | 2003-01-09 | Fortum Oyj | Procede pour nettoyer l'air d'alimentation d'une turbine a gaz |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3124437A (en) * | 1964-03-10 | lagarias | ||
US2592508A (en) * | 1950-02-10 | 1952-04-08 | Research Corp | Electrical precipitator |
BE621783A (fr) * | 1961-09-27 | |||
US3238702A (en) * | 1962-09-07 | 1966-03-08 | Electronatom Corp | Self-decontaminating electrostatic precipitator structures |
GB1361905A (en) * | 1971-06-18 | 1974-07-30 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Earthing device for an electrostatic precipitator |
DE2134576C3 (de) * | 1971-07-10 | 1975-10-30 | Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Röhre n-NaBelektroabscheider |
US3910779A (en) * | 1973-07-23 | 1975-10-07 | Gaylord W Penney | Electrostatic dust filter |
US4247307A (en) * | 1979-09-21 | 1981-01-27 | Union Carbide Corporation | High intensity ionization-wet collection method and apparatus |
US4968330A (en) * | 1989-09-01 | 1990-11-06 | Fmc Corporation | Apparatus for separating particulates in an electrostatic precipitator |
US5254155A (en) * | 1992-04-27 | 1993-10-19 | Mensi Fred E | Wet electrostatic ionizing element and cooperating honeycomb passage ways |
US5792240A (en) * | 1993-12-23 | 1998-08-11 | Fls Miljo A/S | Device for cleaning electrodes in an electrostatic precipitator and an electrostatic precipitator utilizing such devices |
US5707428A (en) * | 1995-08-07 | 1998-01-13 | Environmental Elements Corp. | Laminar flow electrostatic precipitation system |
US5639359A (en) * | 1995-10-05 | 1997-06-17 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Electrostatic precipitator discharge rapper anvil |
US6294003B1 (en) * | 1999-03-30 | 2001-09-25 | Croll Reynolds Clean Air Technologies, Inc. | Modular condensing wet electrostatic precipitators |
US6514315B1 (en) * | 1999-07-29 | 2003-02-04 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Apparatus and method for collecting flue gas particulate with high permeability filter bags |
CN1254606C (zh) * | 2000-03-15 | 2006-05-03 | 福图姆股份公司 | 净化燃气轮机进气的方法和装置 |
US7300496B2 (en) * | 2004-12-10 | 2007-11-27 | General Electric Company | Methods and apparatus for air pollution control |
-
2005
- 2005-09-27 EP EP05021046A patent/EP1769851A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-09-27 US US11/527,717 patent/US20080072759A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2055628A (en) * | 1979-08-04 | 1981-03-11 | Rolls Royce | Apparatus for removing impurities from gases |
US4375982A (en) * | 1980-10-31 | 1983-03-08 | Klockner-Werke Ag | Method for purifying a dust-containing hot gas, more particularly coal gas produced from coal fed into a steel or iron bath reactor |
WO1996024760A1 (fr) * | 1995-02-09 | 1996-08-15 | Imatran Voima Oy | Procede et un dispositif d'epuration de l'air d'admission d'une turbine a gaz |
WO2000062936A1 (fr) * | 1999-04-19 | 2000-10-26 | Fortum Service Oy | Systeme et procede pour la purification de gaz en ecoulement |
WO2003002861A1 (fr) * | 2001-06-05 | 2003-01-09 | Fortum Oyj | Procede pour nettoyer l'air d'alimentation d'une turbine a gaz |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2535115A1 (fr) * | 2011-06-16 | 2012-12-19 | GEA Bischoff GmbH | Procédé et dispositif de suppression de particules à partir d'un gaz |
WO2012172086A1 (fr) * | 2011-06-16 | 2012-12-20 | Gea Bischoff Gmbh | Procédé et dispositif d'élimination de particules d'un gaz |
US10890113B2 (en) | 2015-12-02 | 2021-01-12 | Airtech Innovations, Llc | System, apparatuses, and methods for improving the operation of a turbine by using electrostatic precipitation |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20080072759A1 (en) | 2008-03-27 |
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