EP1769212A1 - Echangeur thermique notamment destine a des vehicules - Google Patents

Echangeur thermique notamment destine a des vehicules

Info

Publication number
EP1769212A1
EP1769212A1 EP05771019A EP05771019A EP1769212A1 EP 1769212 A1 EP1769212 A1 EP 1769212A1 EP 05771019 A EP05771019 A EP 05771019A EP 05771019 A EP05771019 A EP 05771019A EP 1769212 A1 EP1769212 A1 EP 1769212A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
exchanger according
flat tubes
ribs
tubes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05771019A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1769212B1 (fr
Inventor
Albrecht Dorn
Wolfgang Kramer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Behr GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Behr GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Behr GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1769212A1 publication Critical patent/EP1769212A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1769212B1 publication Critical patent/EP1769212B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/0408Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • F28F1/325Fins with openings

Definitions

  • Heat exchanger in particular for motor vehicles
  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular for motor vehicles according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Heat exchangers especially those for motor vehicles, eg. B.deffen ⁇ cooler, charge air cooler or radiators are be ⁇ known in various constructions, which were each predominant for certain periods.
  • today's automotive heat exchangers are predominantly made of aluminum, while in the 50's and 60's, they used colored metal finned tube cooling systems, with brass tubes with thin copper fins joined into a block and soft soldered.
  • the tubes are designed as flat or oval tubes and the ribs as flat, flat plates with passages which are "flattened” onto the tubes
  • Such a flat tube system with planar ribs is, for example, in the publication "Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Characteristics of Fiat Tube and Louvered Plate Fin Surfaces "by A. Achaichia and TA Cowell, in Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 1988, pages 147-157.
  • Such a system has a relatively low airside pressure drop due to the aerodynamically favorable tube cross section; disadvantageous, however, is the high weight.
  • the tubes In mechanically joined systems, the tubes frequently have a circular cross section, in some cases also an oval or elliptical or flat oval cross section.
  • the tubes are widened mechanically relative to the ribs and the tubesheets, so that a sufficient pressure is achieved, which provides the required tightness in the tube / bottom connection and the required thermal contact in the tube / rib connection.
  • the expansion takes place in part by an olive-shaped mandrel, which causes a plastic deformation of the tube in relation to the rib or bottom passages which, after the expansion, rest elastically on the outer circumference of the tube.
  • Such expansion is relatively easy for pipes with circular cross-section, so-called round tubes possible, because there is a uniform distribution of stress over the circumference.
  • a rib passage for a mechanically joined oval tube system was known from DE-C 34 23 746, wherein at the edges of the passages likewise angled surfaces are provided for spacing.
  • the expansion of flat oval tubes for a mechanically joined system is described in DE-C 43 32 768 of the applicant, wherein the expansion elements are pulled through the oval tubes.
  • the mechanically joined systems say that they are cheap to manufacture, less favorable in performance.
  • the disadvantage is a relatively large pipe wall thickness, which - be ⁇ dingt by the expansion process - in aluminum pipes usually over 0.35 mm, while the flat aluminum fin 0.07 mm can not be fallen below in the rule.
  • the rib passage must maintain its elastic circumferential tension after the tube has been opened up, so that the rib thickness can not be minimized to any extent.
  • Flat tubes with minimal air resistance are not representable as mechanically joined systems, because no pressure can be generated on the even, flat sides.
  • the production of the blocks is carried out by so-called Kassettieren, ie the juxtaposition of flat tubes and corrugated ribs; Thereafter, the cassetted block is pressed together transversely to the longitudinal direction of the flat tubes, and tubesheets, provided with passages for the flat tube ends, are pushed on. Subsequently, the block is brazed while maintaining the rib tension in a brazing furnace (all parts consist of aluminum or aluminum alloys). The bias of corrugated fins and flat tubes during the soldering process is necessary to achieve a proper soldering.
  • flat tubes and flat ribs with openings are provided for a soldered block, which are penetrated by the flat tubes, whereby the term "flat tubes” also means slightly ovalized (domed) flat tubes both in the description and in the claims of the present application
  • the plate-shaped ribs are thus threaded onto the flat tubes and soldered to them, for which purpose contact surfaces are provided at the openings of the ribs, through which the material-locking connection after soldering and thus an excellent heat transfer between two Ridges and tubes are preferably made of aluminum or aluminum alloys, which are connected to form a solid block by a brazing process l and a high heat üb ⁇ rtrager intricate.
  • the production costs compared with the conventional flat tube / corrugated fin system are reduced by a simplified cassetting process, namely by "threading" the fins onto the flat tubes, since the ribs for the soldering process no longer have the function of pressing to ensure finned tube contact
  • the system has the advantage that the tubes can be arranged offset in the direction of air flow, ie, they can be arranged on a gap, so that the power can be increased. in the air flow direction) in relation to their width (transverse to the direction of air flow) and can also be designed as folded multi-chamber tubes, bead tubes or string tubes Bloating due to internal pressure prevent
  • it is an advantage that the tubes can be manufactured with a considerably smaller wall thickness, since expansion does not occur.
  • the tubes and / or the Rip ⁇ pen are provided with a Lotplatt ist, which is rolled onto the semifinished material.
  • a Lotplatt ist Commonly used are aluminum-silicon alloys for solder plating.
  • the finned tube block can be soldered in vacuum, in an inert gas atmosphere or by the so-called Nocolok® process, known from DE-A 26 14 872.
  • the tube ends of the flat tubes can be connected to tube sheets, preferably also by soldering. This results in a solid block on which both sides collecting boxes, z. B. made of plastic and mechanically connected. Likewise, aluminum boxes are possible, so that a sortenrei ⁇ ner all-metal cooler results.
  • the tubesheets can also be mechanically connected to the tube ends by means of a rubber seal, which has the advantage of improved thermal shock resistance.
  • the contact surfaces of the ribs which enclose the tube are designed as passages known per se. forms, with the passages have a slight taper.
  • the tubes can be inserted more easily, or the ribs can be threaded more easily, and, on the other hand, a resilient contact of the ribbed passage on the tube results, ie with a certain pretension.
  • the contact surfaces as tabs, d. H. be formed obliquely positioned flaps, which gene against the flat longitudinal sides and / or the narrow sides of the pipes anle ⁇ gene and thus produce a bias to hold the flat tubes.
  • the contact surfaces are designed so that after soldering results in a closed bond between the rib and flat tube, so that the flat sides of the flat tube are supported by the ribs.
  • the oblique position of the tabs or the conicity of the passages results in a solder gap which fills with solder during soldering and forms a solder seam after soldering, which surrounds the tube like a ring and thus effects the necessary stiffening.
  • the passages or tabs can alswei ⁇ at their edges angled surfaces or lobes, which serve as spacers - or pronounced lugs, which serve as a stop for an adjacent rib. This eliminates additional spacers when threading the ribs.
  • the ribs are provided, i. H. they have between the flat tubes gills or gill fields, which - as known per se - serve to improve the sauceübergan ⁇ ges.
  • so-called turbulence generators can be provided in the ribs.
  • the wall thicknesses of the tubes and / or the ribs are minimized to a minimum.
  • the wall thickness of the flat tubes can thus be selected smaller than 0.3 mm, preferably smaller than 0.2 mm, since expansion of the tubes no longer takes place and on the other hand, a support of the flat tubes is given by the ribbed package and the soldering.
  • the material thickness of the ribs can be lowered below 0.07 mm, and preferably below 0.05 mm, because a pressure as in corrugated ribs in the invention is not provided.
  • a distance of the axes of the flat tubes or slightly ovalized tubes is at least four times as large as the inside diameter, i. the smaller inner diameter of a pipe. This can reduce the weight and material costs of the heat exchanger.
  • a distance of the axes of the flat tubes or slightly ovalized tubes is at most twenty times, more preferably at most ten times as large as the inside diameter of a tube. As a result, a pressure drop of the heat exchanger can be reduced.
  • a ratio of the rib density (in ribs per decimeter) to the rib extension in the main flow direction of the second medium (in millimeters) is in the range from 2.5 to 8, particularly advantageously in the range from 3 to 6.
  • FIG. 1 shows a detail of a finned tube block in a plan view
  • FIG. 2 shows the finned tube block according to FIG. 1 in a front view
  • Fig. 4 is a solder joint between the rib and pipe and
  • Fig. 5 shows a section of a finned tube block 1 in a plan view, ie with a view of a substantially flat or flat formed, arranged in the plane of rib 2, which is rectangular in shape and a leading or leading edge 2a and a trailing or trailing edge 2b; the air flow direction is indicated by arrows L, but can also be done in the reverse direction, which is indicated by a dashed arrow L.
  • the rib 2 is penetrated by a series of flat tubes 3, which have a depth T ro in the air flow direction and a width B transverse to the air flow direction. The depth of the rib Tn is greater than the depth of the tube, ie the flat tube 3 is enclosed on the inflow and outflow side of the rib 2.
  • the illustrated section of the finned tube block 1 thus represents a single-row Flachrohrsys ⁇ system.
  • the invention is not limited to single-row systems, but also extends to multi-row systems in which the flat tubes in the air flow direction either aligned or offset, d. H. can be arranged on a gap. Also conceivable are so-called mono-block configurations, in which two or more different heat exchangers are combined to form a block, such.
  • the Flachrohr ⁇ can cross sections of the individual heat exchanger, z. B. a coolant radiator and a refrigerant condenser have different cross-sections.
  • FIG. 2 shows the finned tube block 1 in a view from the front, ie viewed in the direction of air flow (the scale in FIG. 2 does not correspond to the scale in FIG. 1).
  • the continuous ribs 2 are arranged parallel to one another and form a ribbed packet 2 ', which is penetrated by the flat tubes 3.
  • Fig. 3 shows a detail of the finned tube block 1, namely the connection of rib 2 and flat tube 3, which has a longitudinal axis 3 'and is shown with its width B.
  • the ribs 2 are - as mentioned - essentially flat and flat or plate-shaped and extend perpendicular to the tube longitudinal axis 3 '.
  • the ribs 2 have so-called für ⁇ trains or collar 6, which are formed from the material of the ribs 2 by means of be ⁇ knew method, z. As by slitting, tearing, punching and / or embossing - as partially described in the prior art mentioned above.
  • the collars 6 surround the tube 3 preferably over the entire circumference and provide a mechanical contact between the rib 2 and tube 3 ago.
  • the passages 6 are preferably conical, d. H. they have an acute angle ⁇ with respect to the outer wall of the flat tube 3. Such a slope on the one hand favors the threading of the Roh ⁇ re 3 or the threading of the ribs 2 on the tubes 3 and on the other hand an elastic conditioning of the collar 6 on the tubes 3.
  • the collar can optionally also formed Na ⁇ sen 7 (shown in phantom), as known from the aforementioned prior art.
  • FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 show the solder connection between rib 2 and flat tube 3.
  • Ribs 2 and tubes 3 are made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy and - which is not shown - with a Lotplatt ist, preferably wise from an aluminum-silicon alloy , The plating is applied to the semifinished sheets, which are used as starting material for the ribs. and / or Rohrhersteliung serve as a thin layer rolled.
  • the solder flows during the soldering process into the conical annular gaps between tube 3 and passage 6 (angle ⁇ in FIG. 3) and fills them with solder.
  • a corresponding solder meniscus or a solder seam 8 is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the flat tube 3 is - as shown in Fig. 4 and 5 by the arrows P - completely enclosed by the rib 2 and the passage 6, so that there is a strong support effect in the form of a rigid T-profile.
  • the tube 3 can, as mentioned, be produced from a metal sheet and be designed as a longitudinally welded or folded tube, with folded multi-chamber tubes, beaded or dimpled tubes being possible as well
  • the tube 3 can also be formed as an extruded, eg multi-chamber tube, the solder plating then preferably being located on the rib 2 and its collar 6.
  • the thickness d of the fin material can be chosen to be relatively low, d. H. less than 0.07 mm, and preferably less than 0.05 mm. Compared to conventional soldered systems, this means a reduction in the rib thickness and thus a reduction in the weight of the finned tube block.
  • the wall thickness s of the tubes can be chosen relatively low, d. H. lower than the pipe wall thickness in mechanically joined systems.
  • the wall thickness s of the flat tubes 3 is 0.35 mm and we ⁇ niger, preferably 0.2 mm and less.
  • the tube sheets On the finned tube block 1 can - which is not shown here - Rohrbö ⁇ , also made of an aluminum material, are placed, the tube sheets have passages for receiving the pipe ends of the flat tubes 3 auf ⁇ , so that the bottoms can be soldered tightly with the pipe ends ,
  • the finned tube block including tubesheets Kunststoff ⁇ can then be placed plastic boxes, which in a known manner with the Rohrbo- which are connected by a crimp connection.
  • the collecting boxes can also be made of metal, ie of an aluminum material, so that a whole aluminum heat exchanger can be produced with the finned tube block according to the invention.
  • soldering of the finned tube block or of the all-aluminum heat exchanger can be carried out by various processes, namely under reduced pressure, in an inert atmosphere or by the so-called Nocolok® process with a non-corrosive flux.
  • tubesheets as usual in a mechanically joined ribbed tube block, can be joined by mechanical connection.
  • the tube ends are inserted through corresponding openings (passages) in the tube bottom; between passages and pipe ends elastomeric seals are arranged. After passing through the pipe ends they are mechanically widened. This results in a solid but also elastic compound which withstands higher requirements in terms of pressure and thermal shock resistance.
  • the above-described brazed finned tube block 1 can be preferably used as a coolant radiator or intercooler for automobiles.
  • the pressures occurring in the charge air cooling or in the coolant cooling of a Brenn ⁇ engine can be controlled by the brazed system according to the invention.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un échangeur thermique notamment destiné à des véhicules, comportant un bloc soudé (1) composé de tuyaux plats (3) et de nervures (2). Les tuyaux plats peuvent être parcourus par un premier fluide et communiquent avec au moins un collecteur, et les nervures (2) peuvent être submergées par un deuxième fluide. Selon l'invention, les nervures (2) sont conçues de façon essentiellement plane, disposées parallèlement les unes par rapport aux autres, et présentent des ouvertures pourvues de surfaces de contact, et les tuyaux plats (3) sont logés dans les ouvertures et soudés dans la zone des surfaces de contact.
EP05771019.6A 2004-07-12 2005-07-12 Echangeur thermique notamment destine a des vehicules Not-in-force EP1769212B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004033786 2004-07-12
PCT/EP2005/007572 WO2006005594A1 (fr) 2004-07-12 2005-07-12 Echangeur thermique notamment destine a des vehicules

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1769212A1 true EP1769212A1 (fr) 2007-04-04
EP1769212B1 EP1769212B1 (fr) 2017-05-10

Family

ID=35169492

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05771019.6A Not-in-force EP1769212B1 (fr) 2004-07-12 2005-07-12 Echangeur thermique notamment destine a des vehicules

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1769212B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006005594A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3038977B1 (fr) 2015-07-17 2019-08-30 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Echangeur de chaleur a ailettes comprenant des persiennes ameliorees

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB981801A (en) * 1962-01-16 1965-01-27 Maxol Heaters Ltd Improvements in or relating to heat exchangers for use in water heating appliances
US3309763A (en) * 1962-12-20 1967-03-21 Borg Warner Method for making a heat exchanger
CH602332A5 (en) * 1974-04-01 1978-07-31 Alusuisse Roll-plated aluminium manganese composite
JPH02154992A (ja) * 1988-12-05 1990-06-14 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd 扁平管使用熱交換器
DE69406643T2 (de) * 1993-12-17 1998-04-02 Ford Motor Co Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Rohren-Einheit für Wärmetauscher
JPH0979766A (ja) * 1995-09-12 1997-03-28 Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd 熱交換器及びその製造方法
FR2752930B1 (fr) * 1996-08-29 1998-11-13 Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa Collecteur a collets, a base d'aluminium, pour echangeur de chaleur, notamment de vehicule automobile
RO120359B1 (ro) * 1998-06-12 2005-12-30 S.C. Romradiatoare S.A. Element radiant pentru schimbătoare de căldură şi procedeu de realizare a acestora
WO2000022366A1 (fr) * 1998-10-09 2000-04-20 S.C. Romradiatoare S.A. Echangeur thermique a haut rendement avec tubes ovales
DE29902705U1 (de) * 1999-02-16 1999-04-29 Wagner, Stefan, 08248 Klingenthal Wärmetauscher
US6249968B1 (en) * 1999-08-25 2001-06-26 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Method of making a robust gosper fin heat exchanger
FR2812081B1 (fr) * 2000-07-18 2003-01-24 Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa Module d'echange de chaleur, notamment pour vehicule automobile, et procede de fabrication de ce module
FR2832214B1 (fr) * 2001-11-13 2004-05-21 Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa Module d'echange de chaleur, notamment pour un vehicule automobile, comportant un radiateur principal et un radiateur secondaire, et systeme comprenant ce module
JP2003161589A (ja) * 2001-11-21 2003-06-06 Toyo Radiator Co Ltd 空調用プレートフィン型熱交換器
FR2832789B1 (fr) * 2001-11-27 2004-07-09 Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa Ailette de module d'echange de chaleur, en particulier pour vehicule automobile

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2006005594A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2006005594A1 (fr) 2006-01-19
EP1769212B1 (fr) 2017-05-10

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