EP1766179B1 - Vergrösserungs- und stabilisierwerkzeug für ein bohrloch - Google Patents

Vergrösserungs- und stabilisierwerkzeug für ein bohrloch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1766179B1
EP1766179B1 EP05754525A EP05754525A EP1766179B1 EP 1766179 B1 EP1766179 B1 EP 1766179B1 EP 05754525 A EP05754525 A EP 05754525A EP 05754525 A EP05754525 A EP 05754525A EP 1766179 B1 EP1766179 B1 EP 1766179B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubular body
cutting arms
tool according
cutting
piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05754525A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1766179A1 (de
Inventor
Philippe Fanuel
Jean-Pierre Lassoie
Olivier Mageren
Luis Quintana
Stein Erik Moi
Erik Dithmar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Halliburton Energy Services NV
Halliburton Energy Services Inc
Original Assignee
Halliburton Energy Services NV
Halliburton Energy Services Inc
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1766179A1 publication Critical patent/EP1766179A1/de
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Publication of EP1766179B1 publication Critical patent/EP1766179B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
    • E21B10/32—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools
    • E21B10/322—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools cutter shifted by fluid pressure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a widening and stabilization tool to be implemented in a borehole, comprising
  • tubular body to be mounted between a first section of a drill string and a second section thereof, said tubular body having an axial cavity and, peripherally, housings provided with an opening to the outside,
  • this knife element housed in each aforementioned housing, this knife element having at least two cutting arms articulated between them and on the tubular body and movable between a retracted position in which they are located inside their housing and a extension position in which they are deployed outside,
  • a motor means arranged inside the tubular body axially offset from said knife members and capable of moving movement between two end positions, and
  • transmission means capable of transmitting the movement of the motor means to the articulated cutting arms of each knife element
  • Achieving knife elements in the form of articulated arms offers the advantage of being able to provide enlargements of borehole of large diameter.
  • cutting arms that protrude substantially out of the tubular body as in the state of the art cited above, present the danger of rapid fouling of the joints of the cutting arms and their housing, which can prevent the proper functioning of the tool.
  • joints of the cutting arms of the tools according to the state of the art are subjected to enormous forces due to the resistance of the formation to be eroded during the rotation. of the tool or its progressive axial depression in it, which causes rapid damage to these joints.
  • the articulated arms must be designed massive and they are therefore relatively bulky. In their retracted position, however, they must allow unhindered flow of sludge inside the tubular body of the tool, which complicates the transmission between the motor means and the cutting arms.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to develop a tool for enlargement and stabilization which is very resistant, offers enlargement possibilities superior to the tools currently available on the market and avoids the aforementioned fouling problems.
  • an enlargement and stabilization tool to be implemented in a borehole, as indicated at the beginning, a tool in which, in the extended position of the arms of cutting each knife element, these cutting arms form between them and the tubular body of the tool a closed space vis-à-vis the outside.
  • the chips resulting from the drilling and / or the expansion can not penetrate below the joints of the cutting arms. Even in the extended position, the housing can not be fouled.
  • the tool according to the invention has a ratio between the diameter of the borehole expanded by the cutting arms in the extension position and the external diameter of the tool greater than or equal to 1.3, preferably of the order of 1.5.
  • the cutting arms have, between their retracted position and their extended position, an intermediate position beyond which, when considering a displacement towards the extended position.
  • a force exerted on the cutting arms by a formation to be eroded is, by the transmission means, converted into traction on the motor means towards its second extreme position aforesaid.
  • the cutting arms prevent chips from invading the space below them, they form an angle between them that is small enough that the enlargement reaction force imparted by the erode formation on the arms cutting edge in the same direction as the force printed by the motor on the cutting arms to bring them into the extended position.
  • the system thus becomes self-locking in the extended position and it is even more necessary to apply the driving force.
  • each knife element comprises a first and a second cutting arm, the first cutting arm being hinged on the one hand, on the tubular body via a first pivot axis and on the other hand on the second cutting arm by a second pivot axis, this second cutting arm being in turn articulated by a third axis of pivoting on the aforesaid transmission means, and, in the extended position of the cutting arms, only the second pivot axis is located outside the tool.
  • the aforesaid closed space formed between the two cutting arms and the body tubular has a triangular shape having an apex angle which is located inside the housing.
  • the driving means is a hollow piston, capable of sliding in the axial cavity of the tubular body
  • the transmission means comprise, for each housing, a slide connected to each knife element and capable of sliding in its housing, an elongated slot provided in the tubular body between the housing and said axial cavity and a projection of the slide which passes through said slot and which bears on the piston so as to follow the latter in its axial displacement , the hollow piston closing any fluid communication between the housing and the axial cavity of the tubular body while allowing a flow of drilling muds through the tool.
  • This embodiment allows an arrangement of the motor means largely offset from the knife elements, the cutting arms thereof may have a maximum thickness, as their housing can extend to the axial tubular passage where circulate sludge.
  • each housing has a bottom, two parallel side walls disposed at a distance from one another and two end walls, each cutting arm and the slider each have a width corresponding to said distance and slide along said side walls during an extension of the cutting arms.
  • the cutting arms are laterally supported on each of the side walls, a first cutting arm at a first end and one of the end walls bearing against one another by mutually cooperating first surfaces, this first arm of cutting at a second end and a second cutting arm at a first end bearing against each other by second cooperating surfaces, while the second cutting arm at a second end and the second slider at a first end bear against one another by third cooperating surfaces.
  • the tool comprises an activation device which axially holds the hollow piston inside the tubular body in an initial position in which the cutting arms are in the retracted position in their position. housing and which is capable of releasing the hollow piston at a suitable moment, thus enabling it to perform its axial displacement as a function of a hydraulic fluid pressure, and at least one return spring which opposes this axial displacement. and recalls the hollow piston to its initial position, as the hydraulic pressure decreases.
  • the tool according to the invention further comprises a deactivation device which, in the active position, is capable of immobilizing the hollow piston in its initial end position where the cutting arms of the knife elements are in the retracted position.
  • the tool may comprise, inside the tubular body, a capture device that can be activated in a capture position in which the hollow piston is captured by this device when, under the action of the return spring, it returns to its original position.
  • the tool comprises the activation device and the capture device arranged on one and the same side of the hollow piston, which makes it possible to avoid the presence or the passage of structural elements. between the housing of the cutting arms and the axial cavity of the tubular body through which the drilling mud flows.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show two perspective views, partially broken, of a tool according to the invention in the retracted position and respectively extended position.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show the same tool in axial section.
  • Figures 5 to 8 show cross-sectional views of the tool according to Figures 3 and 4, along the lines V-V, VI-VI, VII-VII and VIII-VIII.
  • FIGS. 9 to 11 show partially broken perspective views of an activation device and a deactivation device in the form of a mechanical capture device, in the non-activated position, in the activation position of the activation device and respectively in the activation position of the capture device.
  • Figures 12 and 13 are schematic representations of the forces acting on the cutting arms in the beginning position of extension and end of extension.
  • FIG. 14 represents yet another embodiment of a tool according to the invention
  • Figures 15 and 16 show, in axial sectional views, a variant of activation and deactivation device, in the non-activated position.
  • FIG. 1 to 4 an enlargement and stabilization tool to implement in a borehole.
  • This tool comprises a tubular body 1 to be mounted between a first section of a drill string and a second section thereof.
  • This tubular body 1 has an axial cavity 2 in which the drilling muds circulate.
  • the tubular body 1 comprises housings 3 provided with an opening to the outside.
  • a knife element 4 is housed in each housing 3 and has two cutting arms 5 and 6 hinged together.
  • the cutting arm 5 is articulated, on the one hand, to the tubular body 1 via a pivot axis 7 and, on the other hand, to the cutting arm 6 via the axis 8.
  • the cutting arm 6 is also articulated by the pivot axis 9 to a transmission means which is in the example illustrated in the form of a slider 10.
  • the retracted position of the arms 5 and 6 in their housing is illustrated in Figures 1 and 3 and their extended position in Figure 2.
  • the knife elements 4 may have more articulated arms than two.
  • the knife elements are of course provided with cutting inserts and the surface of the arms is shaped in the example illustrated to present in the extended position a forward inclined front zone 11 which is intended to produce an enlargement of the borehole during the descent of the tool and a central zone 12 substantially parallel to the axis of the tool in the extension position of the arms, this central zone being intended to stabilize the tool relative to to the enlarged hole.
  • the tubular body 1 has a reduced thickness which allows to form deep housing. It was thus possible to give the arms a large thickness while the diameter of the axial cavity 2 of the tubular body remains constant and important, and allows unhindered passage of drilling muds.
  • a space 14 which here has a triangular shape in a profile view, and which is closed vis-à-vis the outside.
  • the apex angle 13 of this triangular space 14 is still located inside the housing and the chips resulting from the widening or drilling operation can not penetrate this closed space.
  • a motor means which in the exemplary embodiment illustrated is designed as a hollow piston 15 is arranged inside the tubular body 1 which is in an axially offset position relative to the knife elements 4 and which allows unobstructed flow of sludge within the tubular body.
  • a transmission slider 10 extends into each housing 3 so as to slide longitudinally. At its end opposite to that articulated on the cutting arm 6, each slider 10 has, in this example, a projection 16 which penetrates inside the tubular body 1 through an elongate slot 17. The sliders 10 thus take support on the hollow piston 15.
  • the hollow piston separates, on the one hand, the axial cavity 2 of the tubular body and, on the other hand, the housings 3 in which a slide 10 can move.
  • one of the end faces 76 of the piston is in contact with the hydraulic fluid formed by the drilling muds circulating in the drill string, these sludges being able to accumulate in the annular chamber 60, by radial holes 19 in communication with the axial cavity 2.
  • the opposite end face 77, 78 of the piston is, as already said, supported on the projections 16 of the sliders 10, as well as on a return spring seat 73.
  • the return spring 18 and the slider 10 are in communication with the outside by the opening to the outside of the housing 3 and are therefore in a medium that has the pressure of the hydraulic fluid present in the borehole.
  • the return spring 18 is also supported, at its end opposite the piston, on the tubular body 1 of the tool.
  • the hollow piston can slide between two extreme positions, one shown in FIG. 1 where the internal hydraulic pressure does not exceed the external pressure plus the force of the return spring and the other illustrated in FIG. 2 where the hydraulic pressure inner exceeds the outer.
  • the return spring 18 is then compressed by displacement of the piston 15 upwards. This displacement causes an upward sliding of the slider 10 and thus a deployment of the cutting arms in extended position.
  • the sliders are held radially in their housing by lateral tabs 74 (see FIG. 6) which slide in lateral slots of the tubular body 1, thus preventing a radial detachment of the slider 10.
  • the hollow piston closes any fluid communication between the housing and the axial cavity 2 of the tubular body, while allowing a flow of drilling muds through the tool.
  • Each housing for the knife elements has a bottom 20, two parallel side walls 21 and 22, arranged at a distance from one another and two end walls 23 and 24.
  • the cutting arms 5 and 6 and the slide each have a width corresponding to said distance between the side walls 21 and 22 and, to reach the extended position, the arms slide along the side walls and the slider slides on the bottom 20 of the housing without the space 14 is open to the outside.
  • the thick cutting arms 5 and 6 are designed to be widely supported vis-à-vis the forces exerted by the resistance of the formation to erode during the rotation of the tool.
  • the side walls 21 and 22 of the housing 3 frame the slides of which only a pivot axis 8 is located outside.
  • the cutting arms are articulated to each other by fingers 28 and respectively 29 and 30 which are nested so that these fingers have an overall width corresponding to the distance between the side walls 21 and 22 of the housing.
  • corresponding fingers can be provided.
  • the pivot axis 8 is shifted outwardly with respect to a plane passing through the pivot axes 7 and 9.
  • the slider 10 is provided with a trigger finger 31, which, as is apparent from Figures 1 and 3, is in contact with the underside of the cutting arm 5 in the retracted position of the knife element.
  • This trigger finger is arranged to slide through the cutting arm 6 and raises the cutting arm 5 when the slide is slid on the bottom of its housing.
  • the cutting arm 6 receives a driving force F1 from the slider 10 which is oriented towards the right of the drawing.
  • the formation to be eroded reacts by a force F2 directed on the cutting arm 6, which transmits to the slider a thrust force F3 in the opposite direction to the driving force F1.
  • the cutting arms form between them an angle ⁇ 2 that is substantially smaller than the angle ⁇ 1.
  • the reaction force F5 of the rock is directed on the cutting arm 6 so that the force F6 transmitted to the slider is directed in the same direction as the driving force F4.
  • the system is self-locking and one can even do without a hydraulic drive of the hollow piston 15.
  • the housing 3 can further be provided between each closed space 14 housing and the axial cavity 2 of the tubular body 1 a constricted passage 32 which allows a injection into this space of jets of hydraulic fluid under high pressure, which prevents ingress of external hydraulic fluid inside and which simultaneously cleans the cutting arms.
  • the constricted passages 32 are in communication with the axial cavity 2 by perforations 33 serving as filtering means.
  • the tool comprises an activation device and, as a deactivation device, a capture device which are on the same side of the piston 15, and in particular on the opposite side to the knife elements, which avoids a transmission between one or other of these devices and an extension of the piston below the knife elements, which would have the disadvantage of reducing the possible thickness of the cutting arms and the volume of housing.
  • the activation device in a tool according to the invention must be able to maintain axially the hollow piston 15 inside the tubular body in an initial position in which the cutting arms are in the retracted position, so as to allow by example a descent of the tool without problem in the borehole.
  • the activation device is able to release the hollow piston by allowing it to perform its axial displacement.
  • the piston 15 is extended by two successive extension tubes 34 and 35 which are screwed on it. They extend inside the tubular body 1, which itself is extended by a connecting element 36 which serves for its connection to the drill string.
  • This joining element 36 is covered in its inner cavity with 3 successive bushes 37, 38 and 39 which are screwed to one another and which are held fixedly to the joining element 36 by fixing pins 40 .
  • an outer tubular sliding drawer 41 which is connected to the extension tube 35 of the piston by a plurality of shear pins 42.
  • an internal tubular sliding drawer 43 which is connected, on the one hand, to the extension tube 34 by shear pins 44 and, on the other hand, to a sleeve 45 disposed between the extension tube 35 of the piston 15 and the successive bushes 37 to 39 of the joining element 36 of the tubular body 1, via connecting pins 46 which are passed through elongate slots 47 provided in the axial direction in the extension tube 35.
  • the tubular body has stop means which prevent sliding of the outer tubular sliding drawer 41 and the piston 15 in the non-activated position of the tool.
  • the fixed sleeve 37 prevents downstream sliding of the extension tube 34 integral with the piston 15 and the sleeve 38 abuts against a shoulder of the outer tubular sliding drawer 41 connected to the extension tube 35 of the piston 15 by the shear pins 42, which prevents upstream sliding of the assembly formed of the outer sliding slide 41 and the extension tube 35.
  • the piston in its initial position where the cutting arms are in the retracted position.
  • the capture device used is in the non-activated position, as illustrated in FIGS. 4, 9 and 10.
  • the extension tube 34 of the piston 15 is provided with an internal housing in which is arranged an elastic clamp 50 which surrounds the inner tubular sliding drawer 43.
  • the sleeve 38 of the connecting member 36 is also provided with an inner housing in which another resilient clamp 51 is arranged which surrounds the sleeve 45.
  • the clamping collar 50 is fixed in an outer housing 53 of the sliding drawer 43 by securing this sliding drawer to the piston 15 via the extension tube 34. Then the clamping collar 51 is fixed in an outer housing 54 provided on the sleeve 45 integral with the piston 15, which fixes it to the sleeve 38 and thus to the tubular body 1.
  • the activation device comprises a latch 70 which, in a closed position, axially holds the hollow piston inside the tubular body in said initial position, and an electrical control member 71, connected to an activator 72 of the lock and capable of thereby controlling a movement of the lock in an open position where it releases the hollow piston or an extension 75 thereof.
  • the tool comprises a latch which, in a closed position, keeps the capture device in an unactivated position and an electrical control member, connected to an activator of the latch and able to thereby control a movement of the latch. latch in an open position in which it releases the capture device to move in said capture position.
  • the activation device and the deactivation device are in the inactive position.
  • the piston 15 and the slider 10 are arranged relative to each other by a positioning pin 101 and the piston maintains in a fixed position, inside its cavity, a tubular drawer 102, via shear pins 103.
  • an intermediate sleeve 105 is arranged between the piston and the downstream end of the tubular spool 102.
  • This intermediate sleeve is fixedly connected to the piston 15, it projects out of the piston downstream and there there are peripheral orifices 104 which allow sludge to penetrate into the annular chamber 60 where they exert a pressure inside the tool on the front surface 76 of the piston 15, in the upstream direction.
  • the annular chamber 60 thus represents the motor side of the piston.
  • the intermediate sleeve 105 bears on an abutment ring 106, fixedly connected to the drill string by fixing screws 107. Downstream of this abutment ring 106, a sliding tube 108 is arranged around the downstream portion of the intermediate sleeve 105 and is fixed thereto by a shear pin 109. In its upstream portion, this sliding tube bears on the abutment ring 106.
  • the internal pressure of the sludge is reduced, and the return spring 18 brings the piston 15 back to its initial position where the cutting arms 5 and 6 are in the retracted position (see FIGS. 15 and 16).
  • the deactivation device is then implemented.
  • a ball of a suitable size is introduced into the thinned upstream portion of the tubular spool 102, the hydraulic pressure within the axial cavity 2 increasing sharply.
  • the shear pins 103 are sheared.
  • the tubular drawer 102 is thus released and projected downstream to bear on a bearing shoulder 111 provided inside the cavity of the intermediate sleeve 105.
  • the passage of the sludge is then restored by the lateral holes 112 of the drawer tubular 102 which become unobstructed with respect to their position as illustrated in FIG.
  • the drawer 102 has a thinned central portion which thus guarantees the presence of an annular space 113 between the slide 102 and the piston 15.
  • this annular space 113 communicates the annular chamber 60 and the side of the piston in contact with the outside.
  • this communication with the outside is through the peripheral orifices 114.
  • the piston is immobilized because the sludge pressure inside the annular chamber 60 (engine side of the piston 15) remains lower. at the sludge pressure to the outside plus the force of the return spring 18.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
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  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
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Claims (24)

  1. Vergrößerungs- und Stabilisierungswerkzeug, das in einem Bohrloch einzusetzen ist, umfassend:
    einen röhrenförmigen Körper (1), der zwischen einem ersten Abschnitt eines Gestänges und einem zweiten Abschnitt desselben zu montieren ist, wobei der röhrenförmige Körper einen Axialhohlraum (2) und an der Peripherie Lagerungen aufweist, die mit einer Öffnung nach außen versehen sind,
    ein Messerelement (4), das in jeder oben genannten Lagerung angeordnet ist, wobei dieses Messerelement mindestens zwei Schneidarme (5, 6) umfasst, die gelenkig miteinander und mit dem röhrenförmigen Körper (1) verbunden und zwischen einer eingezogenen Position, in der sie sich im Inneren ihrer Lagerung (3) befinden, und einer ausgefahrenen Position, in der sich nach außen ausgeklappt sind, verschiebbar sind,
    ein Antriebsmittel (15), das im Inneren des röhrenförmigen Körpers (1) axial in Bezug zu den Messerelementen (4) versetzt angeordnet und in der Lage ist, eine Verschiebebewegung zwischen zwei äußersten Positionen durchzuführen, und
    Übertragungsmittel, die in der Lage sind, die Bewegung des Antriebsmittels (15) auf die gelenkig angeordneten Schneidarme (5, 6) jedes Messerelements (4) zu übertragen,
    wobei in eine ersten der äußersten Positionen des Antriebsmittels die Schneidarme jedes Messerelements in ihrer eingezogenen Position sind, und in einer zweiten der äußersten Positionen die Schneidarme in ihrer ausgefahrenen Position sind,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der ausgefahrenen Position der Schneidarme (5, 6) jedes Messerelements (4) diese Schneidarme zwischen sich und dem röhrenförmigen Körper (1) des Werkzeugs einen nach außen geschlossenen Raum (14) bilden.
  2. Werkzeug nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schneidarme (5, 6) zwischen ihrer eingezogenen Position und ihrer ausgefahrenen Position eine Zwischenposition besitzen, über die hinaus, wenn eine Verschiebung zur ausgefahrenen Position angenommen wird, eine auf die Schneidarme durch eine abzutragende Formation ausgeübte Kraft durch die Übertragungsmittel in einen Zug auf das Antriebsmittel (15) in Richtung seiner zweiten äußersten Position umgewandelt wird.
  3. Werkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jedes Messerelement (4) einen ersten und einen zweiten Schneidarm (5, 6) umfasst, wobei der erste Schneidarm (5) einerseits auf dem röhrenförmigen Körper (1) mit Hilfe einer ersten Schwenkachse (7) und andererseits auf dem zweiten Schneidarm (6) durch eine zweite Schwenkachse (8) angelenkt ist,
    wobei dieser zweite Schneidarm (6) seinerseits durch eine dritte Schwenkachse (9) an den oben genannten Übertragungsmitteln angelenkt ist, und dass in der ausgefahrenen Position der Schneidarme (5, 6) nur die zweite Schwenkachse (8) außerhalb des Werkzeugs angeordnet ist.
  4. Werkzeug nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der ausgefahrenen Position der Schneidarme der geschlossene Raum (14), der zwischen den beiden Schneidarmen (5, 6) und dem röhrenförmigen Körper (1) gebildet ist, eine dreieckige Form aufweist, die einen Winkel an der Spitze (13) hat, der sich im Inneren der Lagerung (3) befindet.
  5. Werkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Antriebsmittel ein Hohlkolben (15) ist, der in dem Axialhohlraum (2) des röhrenförmigen Körpers (1) gleiten kann, und dass die Übertragungsmittel für jede Lagerung (3) einen Gleitschieber (10), der mit jedem Messerelement (4) verbunden ist und in seiner Lagerung (3) gleiten kann, einen länglichen Schlitz (17), der in dem röhrenförmigen Körper (1) zwischen der Lagerung (3) und dem Axialhohlraum (2) vorgesehen ist, und einen Vorsprung (16) des Gleitschiebers (10) umfassen, der durch den Schlitz (17) hindurchgeht und auf dem Kolben (15) zur Auflage gelangt, um diesem letztgenannten bei seiner Axialverschiebung zu folgen, wobei der Hohlkolben (15) jede Fluidverbindung zwischen den Lagerungen (3) und dem Axialhohlraum (2) des röhrenförmigen Körpers (1) verschließt, wobei er eine Zirkulation der Bohrschlämme durch das Werkzeug ermöglicht.
  6. Werkzeug nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede Lagerung (3) einen Boden (20), zwei parallele Seitenwände (21, 22), die in einem Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind, und zwei Vorderwände (23, 24) aufweist, dass jeder Schneidarm (5, 6) und der Gleitschieber (10) jeweils eine Breite aufweisen, die dem Abstand entspricht, und entlang der Seitenwände während eines Ausfahrens der Schneidarme gleiten, und dass in der ausgefahrenen Position die Schneidarme seitlich auf jeder der Seitenwände (21, 22) aufliegen, wobei ein erster Schneidarm (5) an einem ersten Ende und eine der Vorderwände (23) aufeinander mit ersten wechselseitig zusammenwirkenden Flächen (25) aufliegen, wobei dieser erste Schneidarm (5) an einem zweiten Ende und ein zweiter Schneidarm (6) an einem ersten Ende aufeinander mit zweiten zusammenwirkenden Flächen (26) aufliegen, während der zweite Schneidarm (6) an einem zweiten Ende und der Gleitschieber (10) an einem ersten Ende aufeinander mit dritten zusammenwirkenden Flächen (27) aufliegen.
  7. Werkzeug nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schneidarme (5, 6) an ihrem wechselseitigen Gelenk mit ineinander greifenden Fingern (28-30) versehen sind, wobei diese Finger eine globale Breite aufweisen, die dem Abstand entspricht, und dass einer der Schneidarme und der auf ihm angelenkte Gleitschieber ebenfalls mit ineinander greifenden Fingern versehen sind, die eine globale Breite aufweisen, die dem Abstand entspricht.
  8. Werkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der eingezogenen Position der Schneidarme die zweite Schwenkachse (8) nach außen in Bezug zu einer Ebene versetzt ist, die durch die erste und die dritte Schwenkachse (7, 9) verläuft.
  9. Werkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der eingezogenen Position der Schneidarme der an einem der Schneidarme (6) angelenkte Gleitschieber (10) einen Auslösefinger (31) umfasst, der über diesen Schneidarm gleiten kann, um mit dem anderen der Schneidarme (5) in Kontakt zu kommen, und dass im Falle eines Gleitens des Gleitschiebers der oben erwähnte Auslösefinger (31) den anderen Schneidarm (5), der am röhrenförmigen Körper (1) des Werkzeugs angelenkt ist, anhebt.
  10. Werkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es einen gedrosselten Durchgang (32) zwischen dem Axialhohlraum (2) des röhrenförmigen Körpers (1), in dem ein Hydraulikfluid zirkuliert, und jeder Lagerung im Wesentlichen an der Stelle, an der der nach außen geschlossene Raum (14) ausgebildet ist, umfasst, wobei dieser Durchgang ein Einspritzen von Hydraulikfluidstrahlen in diesen Raum ermöglicht, das ein Eindringen eines außen befindlichen Bohrfluids in diesen Raum verhindert.
  11. Werkzeug nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es Filtermittel (33) für das durch den gedrosselten Durchgang (32) zu schickende Fluid umfasst.
  12. Werkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hohlkolben (15) den Axialhohlraum (2) des röhrenförmigen Körpers (1), in dem ein Hydraulikfluid unter einem inneren Druck steht, und die Lagerungen (3) trennt, die durch ihre Öffnung mit außen in Verbindung stehen.
  13. Werkzeug nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine Aktivierungsvorrichtung umfasst, die den Hohlkolben (15) axial im Inneren des röhrenförmigen Körpers (1) in einer Ausgangsposition hält, in der die Schneidarme (5, 6) ein ihrer in ihre Lagerung (3) eingezogenen Position sind, und die in der Lage ist, den Hohlkolben (15) zu einem geeigneten Zeitpunkt freizugeben,
    wobei sie es ihm somit ermöglicht, seine Axialverschiebung in Abhängigkeit von einem Hydraulikfluiddruck durchzuführen, und dass es mindestens eine Rückstellfeder (18) umfasst, die sich dieser Axialverschiebung entgegenstellt und den Hohlkolben (15) in seine Ausgangsposition zurückstellt, wenn sich der Hydraulikdruck verringert.
  14. Werkzeug nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aktivierungsvorrichtung mindestens einen Abscherstift (42) umfasst, der, wenn der Innendruck des Hydraulikfluids geringer als eine bestimmte Schwelle ist, den Hohlkolben (15) im Inneren des röhrenförmigen Körpers (1) in der Ausgangsposition hält, und der, wenn ein Druck größer als diese Schwelle auf ihn ausgeübt wird, abgeschert wird, wobei er somit eine Axialverschiebung des Hohlkolbens (15) und gleichzeitig einen Antrieb des Gleitschiebers (10) und einen Übergang der Schneidarme (5, 6) in eine ausgefahrene Position ermöglicht.
  15. Werkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine Deaktivierungsvorrichtung umfasst, die in aktiver Position in der Lage ist, den Hohlkolben in seiner äußersten Ausgangsposition festzustellen, in der die Schneidarme der Messerelemente in eingezogener Position sind.
  16. Werkzeug nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ferner im Inneren des röhrenförmigen Körpers (1) eine Erfassungsvorrichtung umfasst, die in einer Erfassungsposition aktiviert werden kann, in der der Hohlkolben (15) von dieser Vorrichtung erfasst wird, wenn er unter der Wirkung der Rückstellfeder (18) seine Ausgangsposition wieder findet.
  17. Werkzeug nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Erfassungsvorrichtung mindestens einen Abscherstift (44) umfasst, der, wenn der Innendruck des Hydraulikfluids geringer als eine bestimmte Schwelle ist, die Erfassungsvorrichtung in einer nicht aktivierten Position hält, und der, wenn der Hydraulikdruck größer als diese Schwelle ist, abgeschert wird, wobei er somit eine Aktivierung der Erfassungsvorrichtung ermöglicht.
  18. Werkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 16 und 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es die Aktivierungsvorrichtung und Erfassungsvorrichtung umfasst, die auf einer einzigen und selben Seite des Hohlkolbens (15) angeordnet sind.
  19. Werkzeug nach Anspruch 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hohlkolben (15) mindestens ein Verlängerungsrohr (34, 35) umfasst, das mit mindestens einem Abscherstift (42) mit einem äußeren röhrenförmigen Gleitschieber (41) verbunden ist, und dass der röhrenförmige Körper (1) Haltemittel aufweist, die ein Gleiten des äußeren röhrenförmigen Gleitschiebers und des Kolbens verhindern, und dass die Aktivierungsvorrichtung ein vorübergehendes Verschlussmittel (48) für den äußeren röhrenförmigen Gleitschieber (41) umfasst, das in der Verschlussposition zu einer Erhöhung des Hydraulikdrucks, einem Abscheren des mindestens einen Abscherstiftes (42) und einer Freigabe des mindestens einen Verlängerungsrohres (34, 35) und des Hohlkolbens (15) führt.
  20. Werkzeug nach Anspruch 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Erfassungsvorrichtung umfasst:
    Einen inneren röhrenförmigen Gleitschieber (43), der sich im Inneren mindestens eines der Verlängerungsrohre (34, 35) des Hohlkolbens (15) befindet und einerseits mit einem dieser letztgenannten durch mindestens einen Abscherstift (44) und andererseits mit einer Hülle (45) verbunden ist, die zwischen einem der Verlängerungsrohre des Hohlkolbens und dem röhrenförmigen Körper (1) des Werkzeugs mit Hilfe einer Spindel (46) angeordnet ist, die durch längliche Schlitze (47) in Axialrichtung, die in einem der Verlängerungsrohre (34, 35) vorgesehen sind, verläuft,
    ein erstes elastisches Befestigungsband (50), das im Inneren einer inneren Lagerung eines der Verlängerungsrohre (34, 35) des Hohlkolbens (15) angeordnet ist und den inneren röhrenförmigen Gleitschieber (43) umgibt,
    ein zweites elastisches Befestigungsband (51), das im Inneren einer zum röhrenförmigen Körper (1) festen inneren Lagerung angeordnet ist und die Hülle (45) umgibt,
    ein Mittel (52) zum vorübergehenden Verschließen des inneren röhrenförmigen Gleitschiebers (43), das in Verschlussposition eine Erhöhung des Hydraulikdrucks, ein Abscheren des mindestens einen Abscherstiftes (44) und eine Freigabe dieses Schiebers und der Hülle (45) sowie ein Gleiten derselben hervorruft, des einen im Inneren eines der Verlängerungsrohre (34, 35) und des anderen zwischen einem derselben und dem röhrenförmigen Körper (1) des Werkzeugs, wobei das erste Befestigungsband (50) im Inneren einer äußeren Lagerung des inneren röhrenförmigen Gleitschiebers (43) angeordnet wird, wobei so dieser mit dem Kolben (15) verbunden wird, und wobei das zweite Befestigungsband (51) im Inneren einer äußeren Lagerung angeordnet wird, die auf der Hülle (45) vorgesehen ist, wobei es so diese Hülle und somit den Kolben (15) mit dem röhrenförmigen Körper (1) des Werkzeugs verbindet.
  21. Werkzeug nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aktivierungsvorrichtung einen Riegel umfasst, der in einer Verschlussposition den Hohlkolben axial im Inneren des röhrenförmigen Körpers in der Ausgangsposition hält, und ein elektrisches Steuerelement umfasst, das mit dem Riegel verbunden und in der Lage ist, eine Verschiebung des Riegels in eine Öffnungsposition, in der er den Hohlkolben freigibt, zu steuern.
  22. Werkzeug nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es einen Riegel umfasst, der in einer Verschlussposition die Erfassungsvorrichtung in einer nicht aktivierten Position hält, und ein elektrisches Steuerelement umfasst, das mit dem Riegel verbunden und in der Lage ist, eine Verschiebung des Riegels in eine Öffnungsposition zu steuern, in der er die Erfassungsvorrichtung freigibt, damit sie eine Verschiebung in die Erfassungsposition durchführt.
  23. Werkzeug nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es einen röhrenförmigen Schieber (102) umfasst, der in der Ausgangsposition des Kolbens und während seiner Axialverschiebung am Kolben befestigt ist, und der in aktiver Position vom Kolben freigegeben wird und eine Kammer (60), die sich auf der Antriebsseite des Kolbens befindet, mit außen in Verbindung bringt, wobei der Kolben unter der Wirkung von Rückstellkräften in seine Ausgangsposition zurückgebracht wird.
  24. Werkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 23, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ein Verhältnis zwischen einem Durchmesser des durch die Schneidarme in ausgefahrener Position erweiterten Bohrloches und einem Außendurchmesser des Werkzeugs in eingezogener Position der Schneidarme aufweist, der größer oder gleich 1,3 ist.
EP05754525A 2004-06-09 2005-06-07 Vergrösserungs- und stabilisierwerkzeug für ein bohrloch Not-in-force EP1766179B1 (de)

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DE602005003135D1 (de) 2007-12-13
US7401666B2 (en) 2008-07-22
CA2568909C (en) 2011-11-15
US20080257608A1 (en) 2008-10-23
CN1965145A (zh) 2007-05-16
NO20070117L (no) 2007-03-07
US7584811B2 (en) 2009-09-08
DE602005003135T2 (de) 2008-08-21
US20090314548A1 (en) 2009-12-24
US20050274546A1 (en) 2005-12-15
US7975783B2 (en) 2011-07-12
NO334140B1 (no) 2013-12-16
EP1766179A1 (de) 2007-03-28
DE602005003135T8 (de) 2009-01-08
CA2568909A1 (en) 2005-12-29
WO2005124094A1 (fr) 2005-12-29
CN1965145B (zh) 2010-05-05
ATE377130T1 (de) 2007-11-15

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