EP1765042A2 - Circuit d'arret pour l'onduleur d'un ballast électronique - Google Patents

Circuit d'arret pour l'onduleur d'un ballast électronique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1765042A2
EP1765042A2 EP06012554A EP06012554A EP1765042A2 EP 1765042 A2 EP1765042 A2 EP 1765042A2 EP 06012554 A EP06012554 A EP 06012554A EP 06012554 A EP06012554 A EP 06012554A EP 1765042 A2 EP1765042 A2 EP 1765042A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
capacitor
circuit
electronic ballast
converter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06012554A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1765042A3 (fr
Inventor
Bernd Rudolph
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH filed Critical Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Publication of EP1765042A2 publication Critical patent/EP1765042A2/fr
Publication of EP1765042A3 publication Critical patent/EP1765042A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/24—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by high frequency ac, or with separate oscillator frequency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/282—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices
    • H05B41/285—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2851—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2853—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions against abnormal power supply conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/282—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices
    • H05B41/285—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2851—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2855—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions against abnormal lamp operating conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/292—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electronic ballast for operating a discharge lamp.
  • Electronic ballasts for the operation of discharge lamps are known in many designs. In general, they include a rectifier circuit for rectifying an AC power supply and charging a capacitor often referred to as a DC link capacitor. The voltage applied to this capacitor DC voltage is used to power a transducer that operates the discharge lamp.
  • a converter generates from a rectified AC voltage supply or a DC voltage supply a supply voltage for the discharge lamp to be operated with high-frequency current. Usually, converters generate this high-frequency AC voltage via oppositely switching switching elements.
  • ballasts An important feature of such ballasts is the type of power extraction from the supply network. If the rectifier charges an intermediate circuit capacitor, then, without further measures, charging processes of the intermediate circuit capacitor only occur if the instantaneous mains voltage is above the voltage at the intermediate circuit capacitor. A bad power factor is the consequence.
  • the topology of a pump circuit includes that the rectified supply voltage from the network via at least one electronic pump switch is coupled to the DC link capacitor. This creates a pump node between the rectifier and the electronic pump switch. This is coupled via a pump network to the converter output.
  • the principle of the pump circuit is to take energy from the rectified supply voltage during the half-period of the transducer activity via the pump node and to buffer it in the pump network. In the following half-period the cached energy is supplied via the electronic pump switch to the DC link capacitor.
  • the rectified supply voltage is therefore taken in time with the, in comparison to the frequency of the mains supply high, converter frequency energy.
  • the invention is based on the technical problem of providing an improved electronic ballast with a pump circuit and an associated operating method.
  • the invention is based on the recognition that as soon as and as long as the converter is activated, the pump circuit takes energy from the rectified mains voltage and supplies via the electronic pump switch to the DC link capacitor.
  • the converter is usually activated with the switching on of the electronic ballast. Further control or regulation of the pumping circuit does not normally take place. Without a sufficient load connected to the converter, the pumping circuit increases the voltage across the DC link capacitor. High voltages across the DC link capacitor endanger the components in the electronic ballast, in particular the DC link capacitor itself.
  • the components of the pump circuit and the other components of the electronic ballast are so tuned to the mains supply and the load, so the discharge lamp, that the voltage across the DC link capacitor during normal operation in the vicinity of a fixed value.
  • the voltage across the DC link capacitor may be set so that it is always slightly above the voltage maxima of the rectified AC voltage supply.
  • the converter may be activated in the electronic ballast without a corresponding load being connected.
  • the ballast is turned on.
  • the discharge lamp fails or is damaged during operation, the discharge goes out, and thus no load is connected to the electronic ballast.
  • the gas discharge can not be ignited quickly enough, as in discharge lamps, especially towards the end of their Life can occur. The list of these examples is not exhaustive.
  • the invention has a voltage limiting circuit connected in parallel with the intermediate circuit capacitor.
  • This voltage limiting circuit has several components: a series circuit of a dissipation element and a measuring resistor, a delay circuit and a turn-off device.
  • the shutdown device has a threshold element which defines a switching voltage for the turn-off device via the delay circuit. If the voltage across the DC link capacitor exceeds a maximum maximum voltage determined by the properties of the dissipation element, a significant current flows through the series connection of the dissipation element and the measuring resistor. In this case, the dissipation element converts electrical energy into thermal energy. The current through the measuring resistor is measured as a voltage across it and detected in the delay circuit. If this voltage in the delay circuit exceeds the switching voltage defined by the threshold element, the converter is deactivated by the turn-off device.
  • the dissipation element is a varistor.
  • a varistor is very high-impedance at low voltages and becomes low-ohmic when a certain voltage is exceeded. However, the voltage at which this happens, can vary considerably from varistor to varistor - and during the life of a varistor.
  • a varistor can convert relatively large amounts of energy into heat for short periods of time. For longer time intervals, however, the maximum power consumption is lower.
  • the use of a varistor is particularly advantageous since it is a very inexpensive component.
  • the shutdown device is designed as a bistable shutdown device. Exceeds the detected in the delay circuit Voltage in terms of a specific switching voltage, the cut-off device switches and deactivates the converter. If the detected voltage in the delay circuit, so the turn-off device switches again, if another, lower magnitude switching point is reached. When falling below the lower threshold, the converter is activated again.
  • the turn-off device has a zener diode as a threshold value element.
  • Zener diodes are inexpensive and stable components.
  • the delay circuit has a series connection of a charging resistor and an integration capacitor.
  • the delay circuit detects the voltage across the measuring resistor by means of the parallel connected to this series circuit of the charging resistor and the integration capacitor.
  • the charging time constant of the integration capacitor corresponds to the product of the capacitance of the integration capacitor and the resistance of the charging resistor.
  • the dimensioning of the capacitance of the integration capacitor and the ohmic resistance of the charging resistor determines this time constant. It determines how long a current can flow through the series connection of the dissipation element and the measuring resistor before the voltage detected in the delay circuit reaches the switching voltage of the turn-off device.
  • the delay circuit is designed so that when the voltage across the DC link capacitor exceeds the maximum voltage, a current flow through the dissipation element can be maintained as long as it is possible without risk of destruction of the dissipation element or the components of the circuit. Even after the dissipation element has been switched through, it may be useful not to deactivate the converter immediately via the switch-off device, but to wait as long as possible. This is the case, for example, when a discharge lamp is connected, but the gas discharge is not fast enough could be started. As long as the converter is not yet inactivated, it may still be possible to start the discharge lamp.
  • a discharge resistor is connected in parallel with the integration capacitor.
  • the capacitance of the integration capacitor and the ohmic resistance of the discharge resistor determine the discharge time constant of the integration capacitor, if the turn-off device itself is high-impedance.
  • the integration capacitor and the discharge resistor are dimensioned so that a maximum time-average power loss in the dissipation element can not be exceeded.
  • the dissipation element converts large amounts of energy into heat over short times, but that on average it can only convert significantly less power over longer time intervals. If the integration capacitor is discharged too quickly and the converter is reactivated via the switch-off device, it may be that the dissipation element must again convert energy into heat. If the time intervals between these events are too short, the dissipation element may be destroyed.
  • the integration capacitor and the discharge resistor must therefore be dimensioned so that the converter can not be reactivated too early.
  • the discharge time constant should also not be too large, since it may well be desirable to reactivate the converter after a certain time, for example after an exchange of the discharge lamp.
  • the invention is used for cold starting a discharge lamp.
  • electronic ballasts in which the electrodes of a connected discharge lamp are not heated prior to starting the discharge.
  • the pumping circuit is already activated with the commissioning of the electronic ballast, but it can not be coupled power in the lamp. If the start of the discharge is not within a sufficiently short time, it may be that over the intermediate circuit capacitor an undesirable overvoltage occurs. In such a case, the voltage limiting circuit may reduce the risk of destruction of electronic ballast components. In particular, towards the end of the life of a discharge lamp, it may happen that the time required for starting is comparatively large.
  • the invention can be used advantageously.
  • the figure shows a circuit arrangement according to the invention.
  • the figure shows a circuit arrangement according to the invention, which is to be regarded as part of an electronic ballast with a connected discharge lamp.
  • NKL1 and NKL2 On the left two power supply connections NKL1 and NKL2 are shown, to which a mains supply can be connected to the electronic ballast.
  • a filter of two capacitors C1 and C2 and two coupled coils labeled Fl1 connect the mains supply terminals NKL1 and NKL2 with a full-bridge rectifier from the diodes D1 to D4.
  • a pump switch diode D6 connected to the cathode-side end of the full-bridge rectifier D1 to D4
  • the rectified supply voltage is applied to a DC link capacitor C6, which is shown to the right of the full-bridge rectifier in the figure.
  • the reference potential VB is applied to the anode-side output of the full-bridge rectifier.
  • the positive rectified supply voltage VP is applied.
  • the DC link capacitor C6 feeds the converter constructed here as a half bridge of two switching elements V1 and V2 with a supply power.
  • the switching elements V1 and V2 are designed here as MOSFETs. They generate by means of an opposite clocking at the connection node between them, their center tap NM, an alternating potential which oscillates between the reference potential VB and the supply potential UC6 of the intermediate circuit capacitor. Between the center tap NM and the reference potential VB, a series circuit of a lamp inductor L1, lamp terminals KL1 and KL2 and a coupling capacitor C4 is connected. At the lamp terminals KL1 and KL2 a discharge lamp LA is connected.
  • a transformer coil L3-C is connected in series with the center tap NM.
  • a series circuit of a resistor R2 and a transformer coil L3-B is connected between the center tap NM of the converter and the gate of the supply potential-side circuit element V1.
  • a corresponding series connection of a resistor R1 and a transformer coil L3-A is connected between the reference potential VB and the gate of the switching element V2.
  • a Zener diode DZ1 or DZ2 for overvoltage protection of the switching element V1 and the switching element V2 is connected.
  • the three transformer coils L3-A, L3-B and L3-C are transformer coupled together and symbolically represent a self-excited control for the switching times of the switching elements V1 and V2.
  • a pump capacitor C9 is connected between the node N1 and the left lamp terminal KL1 .
  • a trapezoidal capacitor C8 is connected.
  • the trapezoidal capacitor C8 influences the temporal switching behavior of the switching elements V1 and V2 and thus reduces switching losses.
  • the capacitors C8 and C9 are referred to here together with the lamp inductor L1 as a pump network.
  • the pump network C8, C9, L1 together with the pump switch diode D6 forms a pump branch.
  • the pump network includes at least one energy store, which is connected via a pump switch to the DC link capacitor C6.
  • a series circuit of a varistor R8 and a measuring resistor R3 is connected. Between the varistor R8 and the measuring resistor R3 is a node ND. Between the node ND and the reference potential VB, a delay circuit of a diode D5, an integration resistor R4, a discharge resistor R5 and an integration capacitor C3 is connected. In this case, the diode D5 is connected in series with the integration resistor R4 and the integration capacitor C3. Parallel to the integration capacitor C3, the discharge resistor R5 is connected. At the connection node between the integration resistor R4 and the integration capacitor C3, a shutdown device SD is connected via a high-impedance input. One Deactivation output of the shutdown SD is connected to a control input of the switching element V2.
  • the pump circuit In normal operation, with connected discharge lamp LA and ignited gas discharge, the pump circuit operates as follows:
  • the center tap NM of the converter oscillates at a high frequency between the reference potential VB and the supply potential UC6 of the DC link capacitor C6.
  • the coupling capacitor C4 is designed so that the potential NH at the reference potential-side lamp terminal KL2 corresponds approximately to half the voltage UC6 across the intermediate circuit capacitor C6.
  • the discharge lamp LA is operated on the one hand and pumped via the pump network from the capacitors C8 and C9 and the lamp inductor L1 charge via the pump switch diode D6 in the DC link capacitor C6.
  • the gas discharge in the discharge lamp LA ignites within a time interval in which the voltage UC6 across the intermediate circuit capacitor C6 is not yet critical. If the gas discharge does not ignite, the voltage UC6 across the DC link capacitor C6 can reach values so high that components in the electronic ballast, in particular the DC link capacitor C6 itself, can be destroyed.
  • the circuit arrangement of Figure 1 is intended to reduce this risk.
  • the varistor R8 becomes low-impedance and a current flows through the series circuit of the varistor R8 and the measuring resistor R3. In this case, the varistor to dissipate great achievements in the short term.
  • the voltage at which the varistor R8 becomes low-impedance can vary greatly from one instance to another, and also during the life of the same; 10% are not uncommon in both cases.
  • the delay circuit connected in parallel with the measuring resistor R3 detects the voltage UC3 across the measuring resistor R3.
  • the voltage is stored in the integration capacitor C3. How fast the voltage UC3 rises above the integration capacitor C3 depends on the dimensioning of the components in the delay circuit.
  • the charging time constant is given by the ohmic resistance of the integration capacitor R4 and the capacitance of the integration capacitor C3.
  • the discharge time constant is given by the capacitance of the integration capacitor C3 and the ohmic resistance of the discharge resistor R5. If the discharge time constant is large compared to the charging time constant, the voltage UC3 across the integration capacitor C3 is proportional to the charge which has flowed through the measuring resistor R3 since the varistor R8 was switched on.
  • the charging time constant for the integration capacitor C3 is adjusted so that a current flow through the series circuit of the varistor R8 and the measuring resistor R3 can be maintained as long as it is possible without destroying the varistor R8.
  • the discharge lamp LA is given the longest possible time to ignite the gas discharge. If the voltage across the integration capacitor C3 exceeds the switching threshold of the switch-off device SD, the switch-off device SD deactivates the switching element V2 of the converter. As a result, the voltage UC6 across the DC link capacitor C6 can no longer increase.
  • the integration capacitor C3 is discharged via the discharge resistor R5. This happens slowly compared to the charging of the integration capacitor C3.
  • the shutdown device SD is a bistable shutdown device, ie that when it exceeds a first switching threshold activated and thus the converter is deactivated and activated when falling below a second, smaller threshold the converter.
  • the discharge time constant for the discharge of the integration capacitor C3 is set so that the converter is activated again after a comparatively long time. The reason for this is that the averaged varistor R8 can not dissipate nearly as much power over extended intervals as it does at very short intervals. So it must be prevented a high-frequency Wandler2011 ists- / deactivation cycle, so that the time average power consumption of the varistor does not exceed the corresponding limit.
EP06012554A 2005-06-20 2006-06-19 Circuit d'arret pour l'onduleur d'un ballast électronique Withdrawn EP1765042A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005028419A DE102005028419A1 (de) 2005-06-20 2005-06-20 Abschaltschaltung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1765042A2 true EP1765042A2 (fr) 2007-03-21
EP1765042A3 EP1765042A3 (fr) 2008-02-13

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EP06012554A Withdrawn EP1765042A3 (fr) 2005-06-20 2006-06-19 Circuit d'arret pour l'onduleur d'un ballast électronique

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US7190127B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1765042A3 (fr)
KR (1) KR20060133470A (fr)
CN (1) CN1893758B (fr)
CA (1) CA2550365A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102005028419A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2390107C2 (fr)
TW (1) TW200708197A (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101909395A (zh) * 2009-06-04 2010-12-08 奥斯兰姆有限公司 用于驱动至少一个放电灯的电子镇流器和方法
US9906213B2 (en) 2015-11-06 2018-02-27 Globalfoundries Inc. Reducing thermal runaway in inverter devices

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8508153B2 (en) * 2009-02-15 2013-08-13 Ultimate Interfaces Corporation Electrical device for end user control of electrical power and lighting characteristics
TW201228209A (en) * 2010-12-31 2012-07-01 xiang-yu Li AC conversion DC safety energy transfer device
US8810146B1 (en) 2011-11-04 2014-08-19 Universal Lighting Technologies, Inc. Lighting device with circuit and method for detecting power converter activity

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4538095A (en) 1983-06-03 1985-08-27 Nilssen Ole K Series-resonant electronic ballast circuit
EP0276460A1 (fr) 1987-01-08 1988-08-03 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Disposition de circuit pour mettre en oeuvre une lampe à décharge basse pression
EP0411618A2 (fr) 1989-08-04 1991-02-06 Zumtobel Aktiengesellschaft Ballast électronique pour lampes à décharge dans un gaz

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4334076A1 (de) * 1993-10-06 1995-06-08 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb elektrischer Lampen
DE19619580A1 (de) * 1996-05-15 1997-11-20 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Sicherheitsabschaltung bei asymmetrischer Lampenleistung
WO2002039788A1 (fr) * 2000-10-31 2002-05-16 Osram Sylvania Inc. Onduleur de ballast auto-oscillant a retroaction de tension commandee en phase
DE10108138A1 (de) * 2001-02-20 2002-08-29 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Schutzschaltung für eine Leuchstofflampe
DE10241327A1 (de) * 2002-09-04 2004-03-18 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb von Entladungslampen

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4538095A (en) 1983-06-03 1985-08-27 Nilssen Ole K Series-resonant electronic ballast circuit
EP0276460A1 (fr) 1987-01-08 1988-08-03 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Disposition de circuit pour mettre en oeuvre une lampe à décharge basse pression
EP0411618A2 (fr) 1989-08-04 1991-02-06 Zumtobel Aktiengesellschaft Ballast électronique pour lampes à décharge dans un gaz

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101909395A (zh) * 2009-06-04 2010-12-08 奥斯兰姆有限公司 用于驱动至少一个放电灯的电子镇流器和方法
CN101909395B (zh) * 2009-06-04 2015-03-04 奥斯兰姆有限公司 用于驱动至少一个放电灯的电子镇流器和方法
US9906213B2 (en) 2015-11-06 2018-02-27 Globalfoundries Inc. Reducing thermal runaway in inverter devices

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1893758A (zh) 2007-01-10
EP1765042A3 (fr) 2008-02-13
CN1893758B (zh) 2011-04-20
KR20060133470A (ko) 2006-12-26
CA2550365A1 (fr) 2006-12-20
RU2006121385A (ru) 2007-12-27
US20060284566A1 (en) 2006-12-21
TW200708197A (en) 2007-02-16
US7190127B2 (en) 2007-03-13
DE102005028419A1 (de) 2006-12-28
RU2390107C2 (ru) 2010-05-20

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