EP1762802B1 - Procédé pour sécher une couche de vernis appliquée sur une partie d'un véhicule automobile, et système de séchage correspondant - Google Patents

Procédé pour sécher une couche de vernis appliquée sur une partie d'un véhicule automobile, et système de séchage correspondant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1762802B1
EP1762802B1 EP06016182A EP06016182A EP1762802B1 EP 1762802 B1 EP1762802 B1 EP 1762802B1 EP 06016182 A EP06016182 A EP 06016182A EP 06016182 A EP06016182 A EP 06016182A EP 1762802 B1 EP1762802 B1 EP 1762802B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drying
coating
motor
component
vehicle component
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Application number
EP06016182A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1762802A3 (fr
EP1762802A2 (fr
Inventor
Peter Krauss
Helmut Ansorge
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Rehau Automotive SE and Co KG
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Rehau AG and Co
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Publication of EP1762802A3 publication Critical patent/EP1762802A3/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/28—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun
    • F26B3/283—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun in combination with convection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
    • F26B15/10—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions
    • F26B15/12—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F26B15/14—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined the objects or batches of materials being carried by trays or racks or receptacles, which may be connected to endless chains or belts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2210/00—Drying processes and machines for solid objects characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2210/12—Vehicle bodies, e.g. after being painted

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for drying a paint layer applied to a motor vehicle component. Furthermore, the invention relates to a drying system for carrying out such a drying process.
  • a drying process and a drying plant therefor as part of the drying system of the type mentioned are known by public prior use. Motor vehicle components are painted in different colors and with different paints, some with effect paints.
  • the known drying method and the drying system for this have drying times that are not tolerable in the interest of a high throughput through the drying system.
  • the EP-A-0 647 478 discloses a method for drying a coating applied to a motor vehicle component paint layer, wherein a component carrier transported with the motor vehicle component to a drying plant and then the coating layer is dried by means of the control of drying radiators.
  • the different drying behavior of different lacquers can be reproducibly assigned lacquer data and lacquer parameters which can be determined or measured before the actual drying.
  • the drying behavior of a coated paint can, if these data or parameters are known, predetermine within narrow limits. It is therefore possible to specify a drying process which is tailor-made for this drying behavior. Each coating application can then be dried optimally fast. This leads to a high throughput in the application of the drying method according to the invention. Since essential paint data, which influence the drying behavior, for example the absorption or reflection behavior, are known even before the paint application, these data do not have to be re-measured each time.
  • lacquer data determined for example, in the course of a calibration measurement can be stored in a database and retrieved during the assignment step.
  • the thickness measurement of the freshly applied lacquer layer before drying remains as a measuring step, since this layer thickness influences the drying behavior.
  • the rejects are reduced due to the reproducible drying process, a constant degree of dryness is achieved and the energy input is optimized.
  • the paint data assignment according to the invention leads to the possibility of an automatic paint data acquisition during the transport of the components to be painted and dried.
  • the additional inclusion of at least one solvent characteristic according to claim 2 improves the fineness in the predetermination of the drying behavior.
  • the solvent content and the type of solvent are examples of such a solvent characteristic.
  • An additional air drying according to claim 3 increases the drying efficiency again, since the formation of solvent and / or steam vapor on the surface of the component to be dried, which undesirably weaken the drying radiation, is prevented by these solvent and / or steam vapor by the introduced - in particular dehumidified - drying air is absorbed and thereby removed from the surface of the component to be dried.
  • the drying air is, in particular, dried, heated air which is able to absorb the swaths intensively. Depending on the composition of the paint, this has a different tendency to form troublesome swaths.
  • the paint-dependent drying air control leads to a further increase in the drying efficiency, as it is specifically prevented that a high proportion of dry radiation energy is absorbed by the solvent and / or water vapor swaths and thus can not be fed to the drying of the lacquer layer.
  • a layer thickness monitoring according to claim 4 enables a fine correction of the control values.
  • Monitoring method according to claims 5 to 7 prevent the process control leaves defined parameter limits. In addition to pure warning, a corrective intervention in the drying control values can also take place.
  • a skid according to claim 8 is suitable for use in the drying plant.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a drying system in which the component throughput is increased compared to known systems.
  • the advantages of this drying system correspond to those described above with reference to claims 1 to 9.
  • the drying system of the drying system for carrying out the method according to claim 4 also includes an integrated paint layer thickness measuring device with which the layer thickness monitoring during drying, so online, is possible.
  • the drying system for the drying system for carrying out the method according to claim 6 includes a surface temperature measuring device, preferably a long-wave working pyrometer. A thermal imaging camera can also be used.
  • the drying system for carrying out the method according to claim 8 includes a skid transport system. Alternatively, it is also possible to use a circulation conveyor system with cars.
  • the drying plant for carrying out the drying process according to claim 9 additionally has a rotating device which cooperates with the transport system for component carrier transport.
  • the predefined control values may also include the air temperature of the drying air of the air drying blower, which is then preferably set via an air conditioning unit.
  • a designated in the drawing as a total of 1 drying plant is arranged downstream of a paint shop, not shown in the drawing and part of an otherwise not shown drying system.
  • An inner chamber 3 of the drying installation 1 is delimited upward by a fan cover wall 4 and perpendicular to the transport direction 3a on both sides by two fan side walls 5.
  • air conditioning units 6 are arranged, which are in communication with a fan guide in the fan top wall 4 and in the fan side walls 5.
  • a plurality of infrared (IR) radiators are arranged as radiator strips parallel to the transport direction 3a.
  • Two first groups of four IR emitters 7 are in Fig. 1 arranged on the right and left of the lower transport path of the transport system and mounted on the inner sides of the fan side walls 5.
  • a second group of IR emitters 8 is in Fig. 1 arranged on the right and left of the upper transport path of the transport system and mounted on the inner sides of the fan side walls 5.
  • Two further IR radiators 9, which form a third group, are arranged in the two upper corner regions of the inner chamber 3, which are formed where the upper sections of the fan side walls 5 are attached to the fan top wall 4.
  • the IR emitters 9 are spaced both from the top wall 4 and from the side walls 5.
  • Two further IR emitters 10 form a fourth group and are arranged between the two transport paths of the transport system.
  • the IR emitters 10 are spaced from the side walls 5 as far as the IR emitter 9.
  • Two further IR emitters 11 form a fifth group of IR emitters and are arranged below the lower transport path of the transport system.
  • the distance of the IR emitter 11 from the side walls 5 corresponds to the lateral distance of the IR emitters 9 and 10. From a bottom wall 12 of the drying system 1, the IR emitters 11 are also spaced.
  • the IR emitters 7, 10 and 11 irradiate the components with IR radiation 13, which are conveyed on the lower transport path of the skid transport system.
  • the IR emitters 8, 9 and 10 irradiate the components with IR radiation 13, which are conveyed on the upper transport path of the skid transport system.
  • the typical distance of the IR emitters 7 to 11 from the surface of the motor vehicle components 2 is between 100 and 300 mm.
  • the air blower 14 flows between the IR emitters 7 to 11 through or past this.
  • the drying plant 1 is divided into two IR zones 15, 16.
  • the first IR zone 15 covers about two thirds of the transport path of the motor vehicle components 2 through the drying plant 1 and the second IR zone 16 covers in the connection thereto about one third of this transport path.
  • the radiator strips of the IR radiators 7 to 11 are divided, so that a separate control of the IR radiators 7 to 11 in the first IR zone 15 on the one hand and in the second IR zone 16 on the other hand is possible.
  • the paint drying of the drying plant 1 is integrated into an overall process as described below: First, it is selected with which waterborne or solventborne paints in which specified composition and quantity the automotive components 2 to be painted are to be coated.
  • Corresponding paint data are retrieved from a database in which these paint data are collected.
  • These paint data include the following paint characteristics: The color-specific target lacquer layer thickness, ie the layer thickness which the dried lacquer is to have later on the component, the color-specific reflection value, ie the energy component of the IR radiation impinging on the lacquer, which is reflected back from the lacquer, ie does not contribute to the drying, the maximum permissible for this paint surface temperature of the motor vehicle component 2 as well as the substrate material of the motor vehicle component 2 dependent limits.
  • the target layer thicknesses are between 10 and 20 ⁇ m, depending on whether it is a primer or a basecoat and depending on the paint color.
  • the paint is further characterized in the database by its chemical definition, its solids content, its proportion of organic solvents and its water content. In the stored reflection value is in addition to the color information, whether it is a paint containing metal or interference pigments.
  • lacquer data which characterize the absorption and / or reflection behavior of the lacquer to be applied, in particular contain a lacquer characteristic which characterizes the absorption and / or reflection behavior, are then conveyed to a body part carrier which transports the plastic component 2 to be lacquered, namely the skid. assigned.
  • a body part carrier which transports the plastic component 2 to be lacquered
  • the skid carries him a unique individualizing identifier, for example, a serial number, with the help of the paint data, ie stored in the database, color-specific parameters for transported on the skid, to be painted component, the skid assigned using the control computer become.
  • the identifier of the skid is housed on a machine-readable medium which is mounted on the skid.
  • the assigned data also includes, in particular, the geometry of the motor vehicle component 2 to be painted. Subsequently, the motor vehicle components 2 in the paint shop are coated with the corresponding paint. Here, depending on the hiding power of the paint, a different paint layer thickness is applied.
  • the motor vehicle components are transported on the skids in a evaporation zone.
  • the components 2 stay about two to four minutes. There prevails an air temperature between 23 and 40 ° C and a relative humidity of 55 to 70%.
  • an air flow with an air velocity between 0.2 and 1 m / s is provided.
  • the motor vehicle components 2 on the skids are continuously conveyed through the evaporation zone.
  • portions of the organic and aqueous solvents volatilize. This will prepare the paint film for subsequent drying.
  • the components 2 are conveyed on the skids continuously through the drying plant 1.
  • the current layer thickness of the coating layer applied to the component 2 is measured without contact, for example by means of a pulsed photothermal process.
  • a measuring method is known per se by obvious prior use. In principle, it is possible to use a likewise known eddy current measuring method for non-contact coating thickness measurement.
  • an unillustrated control computer of the drying installation 1 calculates control values for the time profile of the power of the IR radiators 7 to 11, for the time course of the fan power of the fan cover wall 4 and of the blower Side wall 5, for the fan temperature and for the time course of the transport speed of the skids through the drying unit 1.
  • a more reflective coating with a large actual layer thickness for example, a higher drying performance must be provided as in more absorbent or thinner applied paint layers.
  • the paint and base material-dependent limit parameters for example for the maximum surface temperature, must also be taken into account.
  • the central computer first predetermines desired curves with regard to the time profile of the temperature of the air in the inner chamber 3, the air humidity of the air in the inner chamber 3 and the velocity of the air flow in the inner chamber 3.
  • desired curves control values for the radiator output of the IR radiators 7 to 11 as well as for the blower air 14 of the blower cover wall 4 and of the blower side walls 5 are calculated.
  • a calculation of the time profile of the transport speed by the drying installation 1 takes place.
  • the skid with the motor vehicle component 2 is transported through the drying installation 1, whereby the IR radiators 7 to 11, the blowers and the skid Transport system are driven by the calculated control values.
  • the radiation powers are predetermined independently of each other. In the second IR zone 16, the IR radiation power is generally reduced compared to the radiation power in the first IR zone 15.
  • the blower air 14 ensures that evaporating solvent or water vapor does not undesirably absorb the IR radiation 13 over the surface of the motor vehicle components 2 to be dried. In this way, a finely adjusted to the respective paint of the component and thus highly efficient drying.
  • At least one solvent parameter which characterizes the solvent of the applied lacquer, is included in the calculation of the control value.
  • solvent parameters which characterizes the solvent of the applied lacquer.
  • the instantaneous coating layer thickness is monitored on the motor vehicle component 2 to be dried. From this conclusions about the temporal course of the drying are drawn. In particular, it is checked whether this time course coincides with a desired layer thickness profile, which is to be expected on the basis of the drying control specifications. Too large a deviation of the coating thickness measured online during drying from the target strength specification results in a warning signal. Such a warning signal is output in each case, provided that the current measured coating layer thickness measured online is less than the final target paint layer thickness. A deviation of the paint thickness measured online from the specified paint thickness desired course can also be used to fine-tune the control values for the IR radiators on the one hand and the forced air on the other hand.
  • the surface temperature of the paint layer applied to the respective motor vehicle component 2 is also monitored without contact, for example with a pyrometer operating at long wavelength. As soon as the surface temperature measured online is greater than the specified limit value for the surface temperature, a warning is also issued. Even if the surface temperature measured online is lower than a setpoint that is to be expected based on the drying specification, a warning signal is output because this is an indication of a process error.
  • the air temperature and the humidity in the inner chamber 3 are continuously detected with appropriate measuring instruments.
  • the motor vehicle components 2 can be rotated in the drying installation 1 during the drying process.
  • the component is lifted by means of a known turning device together with the skid transporting this component of a conveyor chain of the skid transport system to 180 ° about the component vertical axis (see Fig. 1 ) and then put back on the conveyor chain.
  • a known turning device together with the skid transporting this component of a conveyor chain of the skid transport system to 180 ° about the component vertical axis (see Fig. 1 ) and then put back on the conveyor chain.
  • the passage of a motor vehicle component 2 to be dried by the drying plant 1 takes depending on the specification between four and six minutes. Depending on the specification, an air temperature between 50 and 80 ° C, an absolute humidity, which is less than 10 g / kg, an air flow of 0.2 to 1 m / s and an IR radiation power between 5 and 20 kW / m 2 set. Typical values of the surface temperature which occurs during drying in the drying installation 1 are between 23 and 80 ° C.
  • the motor vehicle components 2 After drying, the motor vehicle components 2 leave the drying plant 1 and are cooled to room temperature.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé de séchage d'une couche de peinture appliquée sur un composant (2) de véhicule automobile, le procédé comportant les étapes suivantes :
    - attribution de données de peinture qui contiennent au moins une valeur caractéristique de la peinture, qui caractérise le comportement d'absorption et/ou de réflexion de la peinture appliquée, à un porte-composant qui transporte le composant (2) peint du véhicule automobile,
    - les données de peinture étant attribuées au porte-composant par application d'un support de données lisible par machine qui porte les données de peinture sur un moyen de transport qui transporte le porte-composant à une installation de séchage (1),
    - mesure de l'épaisseur de la couche de peinture appliquée sur le composant (2) du véhicule automobile avant son séchage,
    - au moyen d'un appareil de lecture, lecture des données de peinture sur le support de données lisibles par machine,
    - calcul des valeurs de commande de l'évolution dans le temps d'une puissance de rayonnement de séchage en fonction de la ou des valeurs caractéristiques de la peinture associées et de l'épaisseur de la couche,
    - transport du porte-composant vers l'installation de séchage (1) avec le composant (2) du véhicule et
    - séchage de la couche de peinture à l'aide de la commande de radiants de séchage (7 à 11) selon les valeurs de commande calculées.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par les étapes suivantes :
    - attribution supplémentaire de données de peinture qui contiennent au moins une valeur caractéristique de solvant, qui caractérise le solvant de la peinture appliquée, à un porte-composant qui transporte le composant (2) peint du véhicule automobile,
    - calcul de valeurs de commande de l'évolution temporelle de la puissance radiante de séchage en fonction de la ou des valeur(s) caractéristique(s) du solvant et
    - séchage de la couche de peinture à l'aide de la commande des radiants de séchage (7 à 11) selon les valeurs de commande calculées.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par un séchage supplémentaire à l'air de la couche de peinture et présentant les étapes suivantes :
    - calcul de valeurs de commande de l'évolution temporelle du débit d'air de séchage en fonction de la ou des valeur(s) caractéristique(s) du solvant et de préférence en fonction de la ou des valeur(s) caractéristique(s) de la peinture,
    - séchage supplémentaire de la couche de vernis à l'aide de la commande d'un ventilateur d'air de séchage en fonction des valeurs de commande calculées, le solvant et/ou les buées de vapeur d'eau étant retirés de la surface du composant à sécher au moyen d'air de séchage chauffé et déshumidifié.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de la couche de peinture appliquée sur le composant (2) du véhicule automobile est surveillée pendant le séchage.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par les étapes suivantes:
    - calcul ou demande d'une épaisseur de consigne de la couche de peinture séchée dans les données de peinture associées,
    - pendant le séchage, surveillance de l'épaisseur de la couche de peinture appliquée sur le composant (2) du véhicule automobile et
    - émission d'un signal d'alarme si l'épaisseur de la couche surveillée est inférieure à l'épaisseur de consigne de la couche de peinture.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par les étapes suivantes:
    - calcul ou demande d'une température limite de surface maximale tolérable de la peinture pendant le séchage dans les données de peinture associées,
    - pendant le séchage, surveillance de la température de surface de la couche de peinture appliquée sur le composant (2) du véhicule automobile,
    - émission d'un signal d'alarme si la température de surface surveillée est supérieure à la température limite de la surface.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par les étapes suivantes:
    - calcul ou demande d'une température limite minimale tolérable de la surface de la peinture pendant le séchage dans les données de peinture associées,
    - pendant le séchage, surveillance de la température de surface de la couche de peinture appliquée sur le composant (2) du véhicule automobile,
    - émission d'un signal d'alarme si la température de surface surveillée est inférieure à la température limite de la surface.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé par l'utilisation d'un traineau ou d'un système de transport en circuit fermé doté de chariots servant de moyens de transport pour transporter le porte-composant vers l'installation de séchage (1).
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par la rotation du composant (2) du véhicule automobile pendant son séchage dans l'installation de séchage (1), l'instant et/ou l'angle de rotation de cette opération de rotation étant calculés de préférence à l'aide des données de peinture associées dans le cadre du calcul des valeurs de commande.
  10. Système de séchage destiné à exécuter un procédé de séchage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, et présentant
    - un porte-composant,
    - un moyen de transport qui transporte le porte-composant,
    - un support de données lisibles par machine qui porte les données de peinture et est appliqué sur le moyen de transport,
    - une base de données dans laquelle les données de peinture sont conservées,
    - un dispositif de mesure de l'épaisseur de la couche de peinture,
    - un appareil de lecture qui lit un support de données lisibles par machine,
    - un calculateur de commande qui attribue les données de peinture et qui calcule et délivre les valeurs de commande et
    - une installation de séchage (1) dotée de radiants de séchage (7, 8, 9, 10, 11).
EP06016182A 2005-09-10 2006-08-03 Procédé pour sécher une couche de vernis appliquée sur une partie d'un véhicule automobile, et système de séchage correspondant Active EP1762802B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005043075A DE102005043075A1 (de) 2005-09-10 2005-09-10 Verfahren zur Trocknung einer auf einem Kraftfahrzeug-Bauteil aufgebrachten Lackschicht sowie Trocknungssystem hierfür

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1762802A2 EP1762802A2 (fr) 2007-03-14
EP1762802A3 EP1762802A3 (fr) 2009-11-04
EP1762802B1 true EP1762802B1 (fr) 2010-12-15

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Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1762802B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE491921T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102005043075A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2358040T3 (fr)

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WO2005014182A2 (fr) * 2003-07-24 2005-02-17 Eisenmann Maschinenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif pour faire durcir un revetement, constitue d'un materiau durcissant par rayonnement electromagnetique, notamment d'une peinture uv ou d'une peinture a durcissement thermique, d'un objet

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ATE491921T1 (de) 2011-01-15
EP1762802A3 (fr) 2009-11-04
DE502006008494D1 (de) 2011-01-27
EP1762802A2 (fr) 2007-03-14
DE102005043075A1 (de) 2007-03-15

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