EP1759844A2 - Process for printing correcting - Google Patents
Process for printing correcting Download PDFInfo
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- EP1759844A2 EP1759844A2 EP06013562A EP06013562A EP1759844A2 EP 1759844 A2 EP1759844 A2 EP 1759844A2 EP 06013562 A EP06013562 A EP 06013562A EP 06013562 A EP06013562 A EP 06013562A EP 1759844 A2 EP1759844 A2 EP 1759844A2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- printing
- correction
- marks
- evaluated
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F33/00—Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices
- B41F33/0081—Devices for scanning register marks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
- B41F13/02—Conveying or guiding webs through presses or machines
- B41F13/025—Registering devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F33/00—Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices
- B41F33/0036—Devices for scanning or checking the printed matter for quality control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO PRINTING, LINING MACHINES, TYPEWRITERS, AND TO STAMPS
- B41P2233/00—Arrangements for the operation of printing presses
- B41P2233/50—Marks on printed material
- B41P2233/52—Marks on printed material for registering
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for printing correction with a register control device for a multi-color printing machine with individual printing units, in which print marks are applied to a printing material, which are detected by sensors, or at least partially print image acquisition based on an image analysis and carried out in the register control device an evaluation is to control a movement of the printing material or a correction of the individual printing units and / or a web transport to compensate for different print lengths between the individual printing units.
- the application of the individual color separations takes place in successive printing units.
- the printing material is provided as a roll material and passed endlessly through the printing unit. Decisive for the achieved print quality is that the print images of the individual colors are exactly on top of each other.
- the superposition of the printed images is referred to as a register.
- register marks or generally printed marks are printed in addition to the actual printed image of each printing group. Using these marks, an offset between the individual print images can be recorded online by means of an optical measuring system. As an alternative to the stamping of marks, these errors can be determined in the printed image on the basis of a print image acquisition with image evaluation.
- this measuring system is generally part of a control system known as register control.
- register control intervenes via suitable actuators in the printing process and compensates detected by the optical measuring system register deviations.
- the actuators can change the web length of the printing material between successive printing units so that the printed images of successive printing units are superimposed.
- the cause of deviations between the individual prints are, in addition to the relative position of the printing units, changes in the geometry of the printing material. These geometry changes are caused, for example, by the influence of moisture and by drying steps arranged between the printing units. This is made even more difficult if the printing material is at least partially stretchable.
- the web tension is kept largely the same, which allows a good print quality without significant corrections.
- the control parameters of the register control are adapted to this operating state.
- the web tension changes with a negative influence on register accuracy. This can usually not be sufficiently compensated by the control system, resulting in this phase of operation to appropriate committee. Even after the acceleration phase, the control system requires a certain running time to get back to the appropriate manipulated variables. This can also cause rejects.
- DE 40 37 728 C1 is a device for register control for multi-color web-fed rotary printing presses according to the web / web method described with a controller having a central unit for detecting and storing all control parameters and the control behavior, with a scanner for detecting web register marks and with actuators for controlling the longitudinal register.
- the device includes a monitoring unit which has an acceleration detection device, which deviates from a stable path velocity speed change of Detects printing press on the printing cylinders and having a shutdown device, which is in signal communication with the acceleration detection means, and which interrupts the control activity on the occurrence of a signal representing this change in speed until again a constant operating speed is reached.
- stretching of the tool in the material flow direction causes stretching. This is e.g. in the case of flexographic printing clichés, which are rubbery flexible and thus stretchable.
- the modulus of elasticity depends on the cliché thickness, which varies depending on the pattern to be printed. At a constant clamping force, this results in a cliché-dependent and thereby printing pattern-dependent differential elongation of the plate in the printing direction on the printing cylinder. The same condition occurs when the machining tools are not sufficiently accurate to manufacture or subject to severe manufacturing variations within the format. This complicates the exact positioning of the print images to each other.
- the object is achieved by printing at least one first print mark and one second print mark per product and printing process and comparing these with reference points or reference ranges for register control and / or register control based on a comparison between the data obtained from the print image acquisition Comparison image data is done.
- This method makes it possible to compensate for manufacturing tolerances, especially in the case of flexible printing plates, such as errors, such as can occur during the clamping of such printing plates. In addition, distortions that can occur due to different cliché heights can be corrected more effectively.
- the substrate can be divided into several areas to be evaluated. These may be, for example, several areas of the cliché in which the cliché prints, i. E. in contact with the printing material.
- a variant of the method provides that the areas to be evaluated are arranged within a printing area and / or outside the printing area. This allows a particularly flexible adaptation to the print templates.
- the print marks are scanned automatically.
- an automatic register control can be realized, in which several areas per format can be corrected.
- the entire print area can serve as a correction area instead of a fixed number of print marks, so that the unrolling of the print tool can be predistorted in accordance with the processing errors of the print tool Druckklischees or according to the Aufspannce of the cliché, that overall results in an optimal pressure.
- a variant of the method provides that the respective printing unit, for which the respective print marks or the print image have been evaluated, is adapted in its positioning for correction. This allows for the next printing process optimal alignment of the printing unit.
- the printing units downstream of the respective printing unit for which the print marks have been evaluated are adjusted in terms of their positioning in a material flow direction. This does not optimize the absolute pressure. It is advantageous, however, that the different printing stations are corrected to each other can, which is of particular interest in multi-color printing, where, for example, the four primary colors cyan, magenta, yellow and black to each other must be adjusted very precisely.
- An alternative variant provides that, for correction, the evaluation device for detecting the print marks is connected directly to a correcting drive designed as an actuator. As a result, a particularly fast correction is possible.
- the correction is carried out within specifiable correction areas on the printing substrate, this results in the advantage that, for example, the correction can be carried out selectively outside the printing area. A "smearing" of the pressure is thus avoided. Likewise, a shift of the correction ranges in pressure ranges possible in which a slight correction only slightly disturbs and thus has only a minimal effect on the print result.
- a preferred application of the method provides that the method in the paper printing, in paperboard printing, corrugated cardboard printing, plastic or metal foil printing, in the wood printing, in the Printing of fabrics or metals with the use of flexible and / or stretchable printing plates is used.
- this application results in the previously described Advantage, because often the input mentioned problems can occur here.
- flexographic printing plates are used as printing plates, which is the case in particular for direct printing of corrugated cardboard
- the correction method can effectively also be used to carry out complex corrections of the distortions which can occur, in particular, through the use of the flexographic printing plates.
- a further preferred application of the method provides that in the case of several printing units which can be regulated relative to each other, first in a first printing unit a first printing without Correction takes place and all determined correction values are checked for possible reductions in printing length and modified together with the printing of the first printing unit in such a way that reductions in printing length are excluded.
- This is particularly advantageous in terms of printing on paper or corrugated board, where in certain cases can lead to critical print length shortening, which can then have particularly serious effects on the printed image.
- this method variant no absolute printing accuracy is achieved. However, the print stations remain error-free to each other, without critical Druckensteinnverkürzache can occur.
- a prior art print correction assumes that errors of the print lengths are corrected in a print-free area in which a correction movement is performed.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a movement profile without and with pressure length correction. Without print length correction results in a motion profile without correction 60th This is through a, over the entire range linear course marked. The speed of a printing material 10 is constant.
- a motion profile with correction 70 typically results, which has a speed that is initially constant in a printing area 30, and slightly higher than the motion profile without correction 60.
- a correction area 40 which adjoins the printing area 30, the printing substrate 10 is first decelerated and then accelerated again until the necessary previously determined printing length correction has been achieved.
- a corresponding velocity profile with correction 80 is also shown in this diagram.
- additional printed marks are printed per product and printing process and these are compared for register control with reference points or reference areas. This can be done for example by comparison with a Leitachsposition.
- the printing material 10 is divided into several areas to be evaluated. These may be, for example, several areas of the cliché in which the cliché prints, i. E. is in contact with the printing material 10. In addition, there are, for example, areas in which the cliché is not in contact with the printing material 10. Geeigrietailed one corrects within these areas, as this no "smearing" of the pressure occurs. This results in no impact on the transport process of the printing material 10th
- FIG. 2 shows, by way of example, a schematic representation of a printing substrate 10, which has a first correction area 41 and a second correction area 42.
- a first print mark 51 is in the direction of a material flow direction 20 before first correction area 41 is arranged.
- a second print mark 52 is arranged between the first correction area 41 and the second correction area 42 in the example shown.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of another example.
- the printing substrate 10 has a first correction area 41, which is adjoined by a second correction area 42, and subsequently by a third correction area 43 and subsequently by a fourth correction area 44.
- a first print mark 51 At the beginning of the first correction area 41 is located on the substrate 10, a first print mark 51.
- a second print mark 52 is directly at the beginning of the second correction area 42, a third print mark 53 right at the beginning of the third correction area 43 and a fourth print mark 54 right at the beginning of the fourth correction area.
- Another variant of the method provides for a correction of the subsequent printing stations. Instead of correcting the printing station whose print image has been evaluated, all subsequent printing stations can also be corrected according to their position. This option can be further enhanced by also correcting the print station that prints the print image to be evaluated, which, however, only affects the next print of the next product.
- a particularly rapid correction can be made possible if the evaluation device, for example a brand reader or a camera system, is connected directly to the correcting drive, the actuator. This option, however, does not match the options of one Correction of the subsequent printing stations or in combination the correction of printing stations and subsequent printing stations possible.
- the described method and its variants make it possible, in particular, to compensate for distortions such as may occur, for example, when printing on paper or paperboard, corrugated cardboard, plastic or metal foils, wood, materials or metals with flexographic printing plates.
- the manufacturing tolerances of the printing plates which may vary depending on the cliché height, and on the other hand possible Aufspannmay be corrected as a result of a partially different elongation of this cliché.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Druckkorrektur mit einer Registerregeleinrichtung für eine Mehrfarben-Druckmaschine mit einzelnen Druckwerken, bei dem auf einem Bedruckstoff Druckmarken aufgebracht werden, die mittels Sensoren detektiert werden, oder eine zumindest teilweise Druckbilderfassung anhand einer Bildauswertung erfolgt und in der Registerregeleinrichtung eine Auswertung vorgenommen wird, um damit eine Bewegung des Bedruckstoffes oder eine Korrektur der einzelnen Druckwerke und / oder eines Bahntransportes zum Ausgleich unterschiedlicher Drucklängen zwischen den einzelnen Druckwerken zu steuern.The invention relates to a method for printing correction with a register control device for a multi-color printing machine with individual printing units, in which print marks are applied to a printing material, which are detected by sensors, or at least partially print image acquisition based on an image analysis and carried out in the register control device an evaluation is to control a movement of the printing material or a correction of the individual printing units and / or a web transport to compensate for different print lengths between the individual printing units.
Beim Mehrfarbendruck in Druckmaschinen, beispielsweise in Rotationsdruckmaschinen, erfolgt der Auftrag der einzelnen Farbauszüge, insbesondere für Cyan, Magenta, Gelb und Schwarz, in aufeinander folgenden Druckwerken. Der Bedruckstoff wird dabei als Rollenmaterial bereitgestellt und endlos durch die Druckeinheit geführt. Maßgeblich für die erreichte Druckqualität ist, dass die Druckbilder der einzelnen Farben exakt übereinander liegen. Das Übereinanderliegen der Druckbilder wird dabei als Register bezeichnet. Zur gegenseitigen Ausrichtung der einzelnen Druckwerke werden zusätzlich zu dem eigentlichen Druckbild von jedem Druckwerk Registermessmarken oder allgemein Druckmarken, zum Beispiel in Form von Passerkreuzen, aufgedruckt. Anhand dieser Marken kann ein Versatz zwischen den einzelnen Druckbildern durch ein optisches Messsystem online erfasst werden. Alternativ zum Aufdruck von Marken können diese Fehler im Druckbild anhand einer Druckbilderfassung mit Bildauswertung ermittelt werden.In multi-color printing in printing presses, for example in rotary printing presses, the application of the individual color separations, in particular for cyan, magenta, yellow and black, takes place in successive printing units. The printing material is provided as a roll material and passed endlessly through the printing unit. Decisive for the achieved print quality is that the print images of the individual colors are exactly on top of each other. The superposition of the printed images is referred to as a register. For mutual alignment of the individual printing units, register marks or generally printed marks, for example in the form of register marks, are printed in addition to the actual printed image of each printing group. Using these marks, an offset between the individual print images can be recorded online by means of an optical measuring system. As an alternative to the stamping of marks, these errors can be determined in the printed image on the basis of a print image acquisition with image evaluation.
Bei Rotationsdrucksystemen ist dieses Messsystem im Allgemeinen Bestandteil eines Regelsystems, der so genannten Registerregelung. Die Registerregelung greift dabei über geeignete Stellglieder in den Druckprozess ein und gleicht von dem optischen Messsystem erkannte Registerabweichungen aus. Insbesondere können die Stellglieder die Bahnlänge des Bedruckstoffes zwischen aufeinander folgenden Druckwerken so verändern, dass die Druckbilder aufeinander folgender Druckeinheiten übereinander liegen.In rotary printing systems, this measuring system is generally part of a control system known as register control. The register control intervenes via suitable actuators in the printing process and compensates detected by the optical measuring system register deviations. In particular, the actuators can change the web length of the printing material between successive printing units so that the printed images of successive printing units are superimposed.
Die Ursache für Abweichungen zwischen den einzelnen Drucken sind neben der relativen Position der Druckwerke zueinander Änderungen in der Geometrie des Bedruckstoffes. Diese Geometrieänderungen werden zum Beispiel durch den Einfluss von Feuchtigkeit und durch zwischen den Druckwerken angeordnete Trocknungsschritte hervorgerufen. Erschwert wird dies zusätzlich, wenn der Bedruckstoff zumindest teilweise dehnbar ist.The cause of deviations between the individual prints are, in addition to the relative position of the printing units, changes in the geometry of the printing material. These geometry changes are caused, for example, by the influence of moisture and by drying steps arranged between the printing units. This is made even more difficult if the printing material is at least partially stretchable.
Während des Druckprozesses wird die Bahnspannung weitestgehend gleich gehalten, was eine gute Druckqualität ohne wesentliche Korrekturen ermöglicht. Die Regelparameter der Registerregelung sind auf diesen Betriebszustand angepasst. Bei sowohl positiven als auch negativen Beschleunigungsvorgängen hingegen ändert sich die Bahnspannung mit negativem Einfluss auf die Registergenauigkeit. Dies kann von dem Regelsystem meist nicht ausreichend ausgeglichen werden, was in dieser Betriebsphase zu entsprechendem Ausschuss führt. Auch nach der Beschleunigungsphase benötigt das Regelsystem eine gewisse Laufdauer, um wieder zu den geeigneten Stellgrößen zu gelangen. Auch hierdurch kann Ausschuss entstehen.During the printing process, the web tension is kept largely the same, which allows a good print quality without significant corrections. The control parameters of the register control are adapted to this operating state. For both positive and negative acceleration processes, however, the web tension changes with a negative influence on register accuracy. This can usually not be sufficiently compensated by the control system, resulting in this phase of operation to appropriate committee. Even after the acceleration phase, the control system requires a certain running time to get back to the appropriate manipulated variables. This can also cause rejects.
In der
Bei Bearbeitungsvorgängen mit flexiblen Werkzeugen wird durch die Aufspannung des Werkzeugs in Materialflussrichtung eine Dehnung hervorgerufen. Dies ist z.B. im Falle von Flexodruckklischees der Fall, die gummiartig flexibel und somit dehnbar sind.During machining operations with flexible tools, stretching of the tool in the material flow direction causes stretching. This is e.g. in the case of flexographic printing clichés, which are rubbery flexible and thus stretchable.
Des weiteren ist das Elastizitätsmodul abhängig von der Klischeedicke, die abhängig von dem zu druckenden Muster variiert. Bei konstanter Spannkraft ergibt sich hierdurch eine klischeedickenabhängige und dadurch druckmusterabhängige unterschiedliche Dehnung des Klischees in Druckrichtung auf dem Druckzylinder. Derselbe Zustand tritt auf, wenn die Bearbeitungswerkzeuge nicht ausreichend genau genug fertigbar sind bzw. starken Fertigungsschwankungen innerhalb des Formates unterworfen sind. Dies erschwert die exakte Positionierung der Druckbilder zueinander.Furthermore, the modulus of elasticity depends on the cliché thickness, which varies depending on the pattern to be printed. At a constant clamping force, this results in a cliché-dependent and thereby printing pattern-dependent differential elongation of the plate in the printing direction on the printing cylinder. The same condition occurs when the machining tools are not sufficiently accurate to manufacture or subject to severe manufacturing variations within the format. This complicates the exact positioning of the print images to each other.
Bisher wurde pro Format und Druck maximal eine einzige Druckkorrektur ausgeführt. Anhand von Probedrucken wird der sich ergebende Korrekturwert durch manuelle Messung ermittelt und manuell in das Steuerungssystem eingegeben. Dabei hat sich allerdings gezeigt, dass diese Maßnahmen insbesondere bei flexiblen Druckklischees nicht ausreichend genau sind.Up to now, a maximum of one print correction per format and print has been performed. On the basis of trial prints, the resulting correction value is determined by manual measurement and entered manually into the control system. However, it has been shown that these measures are not sufficiently accurate, especially with flexible printing plates.
Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren zur Druckkorrektur bereit zustellen, welches Fertigungstoleranzen bei diesen Druckklischees so wie Fehler beim Aufspannen dieser Druckklischees ausgleicht.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method for pressure correction ready, which compensates for manufacturing tolerances in these printing plates as well as errors when mounting these printing plates.
Die Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass mindestens eine erste Druckmarke und eine zweite Druckmarke pro Produkt und Druckvorgang aufgedruckt und diese zur Registerregelung mit Referenzpunkten bzw. Referenzbereichen verglichen werden und / oder dass die Registerregelung auf der Grundlage eines Vergleichs zwischen den aus der Druckbilderfassung erhaltenen Daten und Vergleichsbilddaten erfolgt. Dieses Verfahren ermöglicht es, Fertigungstoleranzen insbesondere bei flexiblen Druckklischees so wie Fehler, wie sie beim Aufspannen derartiger Druckklischees auftreten können, auszugleichen. Zudem können Verzerrungen, die infolge unterschiedlicher Klischeehöhen auftreten können wirkungsvoller korrigiert werden.The object is achieved by printing at least one first print mark and one second print mark per product and printing process and comparing these with reference points or reference ranges for register control and / or register control based on a comparison between the data obtained from the print image acquisition Comparison image data is done. This method makes it possible to compensate for manufacturing tolerances, especially in the case of flexible printing plates, such as errors, such as can occur during the clamping of such printing plates. In addition, distortions that can occur due to different cliché heights can be corrected more effectively.
Werden weitere Druckmarken pro Produkt und Druckvorgang aufgedruckt und diese zur Registerregelung ausgewertet, können dabei auch komplexe Verzerrungen, insbesondere solche, die eine höhere Ordnung besitzen, d.h. nicht linear sind, besser detektiert und ausgewertet werden.If further print marks are printed per product and printing process and these are evaluated for register control, complex distortions, in particular those which have a higher order, i. are not linear, better detected and evaluated.
Dabei kann der Bedruckstoff in mehrere auszuwertende Bereiche unterteilt werden. Dies können beispielsweise mehrere Bereiche des Klischees sein, in denen das Klischee druckt, d.h. mit dem Bedruckstoff in Kontakt steht.In this case, the substrate can be divided into several areas to be evaluated. These may be, for example, several areas of the cliché in which the cliché prints, i. E. in contact with the printing material.
Eine Verfahrensvariante sieht vor, dass die auszuwertenden Bereiche innerhalb eines Druckbereiches und / oder außerhalb des Druckbereichs angeordnet werden. Dies ermöglicht eine besonders flexible Anpassung an die Druckvorlagen.A variant of the method provides that the areas to be evaluated are arranged within a printing area and / or outside the printing area. This allows a particularly flexible adaptation to the print templates.
In einer bevorzugten Verfahrensvariante werden die Druckmarken automatisch abgetastet. Damit kann eine automatische Registerreglung realisiert werden, bei der mehrere Bereiche pro Format korrigierbar werden.In a preferred variant of the method, the print marks are scanned automatically. Thus, an automatic register control can be realized, in which several areas per format can be corrected.
Werden die Druckmarken in einer Auswerteeinheit mittels Markenleser und / oder mittels einer oder mehrerer Kameras und nachgeschalteter Bildauswertung erfasst, kann anstatt einer festen Anzahl von Druckmarken der gesamte Druckbereich als Korrekturbereich dienen, so dass die Abrollung des Druckwerkzeuges derart vorverzerrt werden kann, entsprechend der Bearbeitungsfehler des Druckklischees bzw. entsprechend der Aufspannfehler des Klischees, dass sich insgesamt ein optimaler Druck ergibt.If the print marks are detected in an evaluation unit by means of mark readers and / or by means of one or more cameras and subsequent image evaluation, the entire print area can serve as a correction area instead of a fixed number of print marks, so that the unrolling of the print tool can be predistorted in accordance with the processing errors of the print tool Druckklischees or according to the Aufspannfehler of the cliché, that overall results in an optimal pressure.
Eine Verfahrensvariante sieht vor, dass zur Korrektur das jeweilige Druckwerk, für das die jeweiligen Druckmarken oder das Druckbild ausgewertet wurden, in seiner Positionierung angepasst wird. Dies ermöglicht für den nächsten Druckvorgang eine optimale Ausrichtung des Druckwerkes.A variant of the method provides that the respective printing unit, for which the respective print marks or the print image have been evaluated, is adapted in its positioning for correction. This allows for the next printing process optimal alignment of the printing unit.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann vorgesehen sein, dass zur Korrektur die in einer Materialflussrichtung dem jeweiligen Druckwerk, für das die Druckmarken ausgewertet wurden, nachgeordneten Druckwerke in ihrer Positionierung angepasst werden. Hierdurch wird zwar nicht der absolute Druck optimiert. Vorteilhaft ist aber, dass die verschiedenen Druckstationen zueinander korrigiert werden
können, was insbesondere beim Mehrfarbdruck von Interesse ist, wo beispielsweise die vier Grundfarben Cyan, Magenta, Gelb und Schwarz zueinander sehr genau zueinander justiert werden müssen.Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that, for correction purposes, the printing units downstream of the respective printing unit for which the print marks have been evaluated are adjusted in terms of their positioning in a material flow direction. This does not optimize the absolute pressure. It is advantageous, however, that the different printing stations are corrected to each other
can, which is of particular interest in multi-color printing, where, for example, the four primary colors cyan, magenta, yellow and black to each other must be adjusted very precisely.
Eine alternative Variante sieht vor, dass zur Korrektur die Auswerteeinrichtung zum Erfassen der Druckmarken direkt mit einem als Stellglied ausgebildeten korrigierenden Antrieb verbunden wird. Dadurch ist eine besonders schnelle Korrektur möglich.An alternative variant provides that, for correction, the evaluation device for detecting the print marks is connected directly to a correcting drive designed as an actuator. As a result, a particularly fast correction is possible.
Wird die Korrektur innerhalb vorgebbarer Korrekturbereiche auf dem Bedruckstoff durchgeführt, so ergibt sich daraus der Vorteil, dass beispielsweise die Korrektur gezielt außerhalb des Druckbereichs durchgeführt werden kann. Ein "Verschmieren" des Druckes wird damit vermieden. Ebenso ist eine Verlagerung der Korrekturbereiche in Druckbereiche möglich, in denen eine geringfügige Korrektur nur wenig stört und sich damit nur minimal auf das Druckergebnis auswirkt.If the correction is carried out within specifiable correction areas on the printing substrate, this results in the advantage that, for example, the correction can be carried out selectively outside the printing area. A "smearing" of the pressure is thus avoided. Likewise, a shift of the correction ranges in pressure ranges possible in which a slight correction only slightly disturbs and thus has only a minimal effect on the print result.
Eine bevorzugte Anwendung des Verfahrens sieht vor, dass das Verfahren in der Papierbedruckung, im Pappdruck, Wellpappdruck, Kunststoff- oder Metallfoliendruck, in der Holzbedruckung, in der
Bedruckung von Stoffen oder Metallen mit Verwendung von flexiblen und / oder dehnbaren Druckklischees eingesetzt wird. Insbesondere in dieser Anwendung ergibt sich der zuvor beschriebene
Vorteil, da hier häufig die Eingangs erwähnten Probleme auftreten können.A preferred application of the method provides that the method in the paper printing, in paperboard printing, corrugated cardboard printing, plastic or metal foil printing, in the wood printing, in the
Printing of fabrics or metals with the use of flexible and / or stretchable printing plates is used. In particular, in this application results in the previously described
Advantage, because often the input mentioned problems can occur here.
Werden als Druckklischees Flexodruckklischees verwendet, was insbesondere bei der Direktbedruckung von Wellpappe der Fall ist, können mit dem Korrekturverfahren effektiv auch komplexe Korrekturen der Verzerrungen durchgeführt werden, die insbesondere durch die Verwendung der Flexodruckklischees auftreten können.If flexographic printing plates are used as printing plates, which is the case in particular for direct printing of corrugated cardboard, the correction method can effectively also be used to carry out complex corrections of the distortions which can occur, in particular, through the use of the flexographic printing plates.
Eine weitere bevorzugte Anwendung des Verfahrens sieht vor, dass bei mehreren Druckwerken, die zueinander geregelt werden können, zunächst in einem ersten Druckwerk ein erster Druck ohne
Korrektur erfolgt und alle ermittelten Korrekturwerte auf mögliche Drucklängenverkürzungen überprüft und gemeinsam mit dem Druck des ersten Druckwerks dergestalt modifiziert werden, dass Drucklängenverkürzungen ausgeschlossen werden. Dies ist besonders im Hinblick auf die Bedruckung von Papier oder Wellpappe von Vorteil, wo es in bestimmten Fällen zu kritischen Drucklängenverkürzungen kommen kann, die dann besonders gravierende Auswirkungen auf das Druckbild haben können. Durch diese Verfahrensvariante wird zwar keine absolute Druckgenauigkeit erreicht. Die Druckstationen bleiben jedoch zueinander fehlerfrei, ohne dass kritische Drucklängenverkürzungen auftreten können.A further preferred application of the method provides that in the case of several printing units which can be regulated relative to each other, first in a first printing unit a first printing without
Correction takes place and all determined correction values are checked for possible reductions in printing length and modified together with the printing of the first printing unit in such a way that reductions in printing length are excluded. This is particularly advantageous in terms of printing on paper or corrugated board, where in certain cases can lead to critical print length shortening, which can then have particularly serious effects on the printed image. Although this method variant, no absolute printing accuracy is achieved. However, the print stations remain error-free to each other, without critical Drucklängenverkürzungen can occur.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Figur 1 in schematischer Darstellung ein Bewegungsprofil ohne und mit Drucklängenkorrektur,
- Figur 2 schematisch einen Ausschnitt eines Bedruckstoffes mit zwei Druckmarken,
Figur 3 schematisch einen Ausschnitt eines Bedruckstoffes mit mehreren Druckmarken.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a motion profile without and with print length correction,
- FIG. 2 schematically shows a section of a printing material with two print marks,
- FIG. 3 schematically shows a section of a printing material with a plurality of print marks.
Eine Druckkorrektur nach dem Stand der Technik geht davon aus, dass Fehler der Drucklängen in einem druckfreien Bereich korrigiert werden, in dem eine Korrekturbewegung ausgeführt wird.A prior art print correction assumes that errors of the print lengths are corrected in a print-free area in which a correction movement is performed.
Figur 1 zeigt in schematischer Darstellung ein Bewegungsprofil ohne und mit Drucklängenkorrektur. Ohne Drucklängenkorrektur ergibt sich ein Bewegungsprofil ohne Korrektur 60. Dieses ist durch
einen, über den gesamten Bereich linearen Verlauf gekennzeichnet. Die Geschwindigkeit eines Bedruckstoffes 10 ist dabei konstant.FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a movement profile without and with pressure length correction. Without print length correction results in a motion profile without correction 60th This is through
a, over the entire range linear course marked. The speed of a
Mit einer Drucklängenkorrektur ergibt sich typischerweise ein Bewegungsprofil mit Korrektur 70, dass in einem Druckbereich 30 eine zunächst konstante, gegenüber dem Bewegungsprofil ohne Korrektur 60 etwas erhöhte Geschwindigkeit aufweist. In einem Korrekturbereich 40, der sich nach dem Druckbereich 30 anschließt, wird der Bedruckstoff 10 zunächst abgebremst und anschließend wieder beschleunigt, bis die notwendige zuvor ermittelte Drucklängenkorrektur erreicht wurde. Ein entsprechendes Geschwindigkeitsprofil mit Korrektur 80 ist ebenfalls in diesem Diagramm dargestellt.With a printing length correction, a motion profile with
Bisherige automatische Lösungen arbeiten nur mit einer Korrektur pro Produkt und korrigieren dadurch nur einen Fehler pro Produkt. Dabei werden pro Format maximal eine oder zwei Druckkorrekturen ausgeführt. Anhand von Druckproben wird der sich ergebende Korrekturwert durch manuelle Messung von Druckmarken ermittelt und manuell in das Steuerungssystem eingegeben. Druckmarken stehen verallgemeinert für messbare Abweichungen im Druck und können z.B. auch durch Auswertung eines Druckbildes ersetzt werden. Der Vorteil von Druckmarken ist eine einfache Messbarkeit.Previous automatic solutions only work with one correction per product and thereby only correct one error per product. At most one or two print corrections are executed per format. On the basis of pressure samples, the resulting correction value is determined by manual measurement of print marks and entered manually into the control system. Print marks are generalized for measurable variations in pressure and may be e.g. be replaced by evaluation of a printed image. The advantage of print marks is their easy measurability.
In erfinderischer Ausführung ist vorgesehen, dass zusätzliche Druckmarken pro Produkt und Druckvorgang aufgedruckt und diese zur Registerregelung mit Referenzpunkten bzw. Referenzbereichen verglichen werden. Dies kann beispielsweise durch einen Vergleich mit einer Leitachsposition geschehen. Der Bedruckstoff 10 wird dabei in mehrere auszuwertende Bereiche unterteilt. Dies können beispielsweise mehrere Bereiche des Klischees sein, in denen das Klischee druckt, d.h. mit dem Bedruckstoff 10 in Kontakt steht. Daneben gibt es beispielsweise Bereiche, in denen das Klischee nicht in Kontakt mit dem Bedruckstoff 10 steht. Geeigrieterweise korrigiert man innerhalb dieser Bereiche, da hierdurch kein "Verschmieren" des Druckes auftritt. Damit ergeben sich keine Auswirkungen auf den Transportvorgang des Bedruckstoffes 10.In an inventive embodiment it is provided that additional printed marks are printed per product and printing process and these are compared for register control with reference points or reference areas. This can be done for example by comparison with a Leitachsposition. The
Ist das Werkzeug konstant mit dem Bedruckstoff 10 in Kontakt, wie dies beispielsweise beim Offsetdruck der Fall ist, so wird man eher Korrekturbereiche anhand des zu druckendes Bildes auswählen, bei denen die Korrektur sich minimal auf den Prozess bzw. auf das Druckergebnis auswirkt. Im Allgemeinen sind in diesem Falle nur sehr geringe Korrekturen möglich, da ansonsten der Korrekturvorgang negative Auswirkungen auf den Transport des Bedruckstoffes 10, wie beispielsweise Bahnspannungsschwankungen, hat.If the tool is constantly in contact with the
Figur 2 zeigt beispielhaft in schematischer Darstellung einen Bedruckstoff 10, der einen ersten Korrekturbereich 41 und einen zweiten Korrekturbereich 42 aufweist. Im gezeigten Beispiel ist eine erste Druckmarke 51 in Richtung einer Materialflussrichtung 20 vor dem ersten Korrekturbereich 41 angeordnet. Eine zweite Druckmarke 52 ist im gezeigten Beispiel zwischen dem ersten Korrekturbereich 41 und dem zweiten Korrekturbereich 42 angeordnet.FIG. 2 shows, by way of example, a schematic representation of a
In Figur 3 ist in schematischer Darstellung ein anderes Beispiel dargestellt. Der Bedruckstoff 10 weist in diesem Fall in Materialflussrichtung 20 einen ersten Korrekturbereich 41 auf, an dem sich ein zweiter Korrekturbereich 42, sowie daran anschließend ein dritter Korrekturbereich 43 und daran anschließend ein vierter Korrekturbereich 44 anschließt. Am Anfang des ersten Korrekturbereichs 41 befindet sich auf dem Bedruckstoff 10 eine erste Druckmarke 51. Wiederholt ist eine zweite Druckmarke 52 direkt am Anfang des zweiten Korrekturbereichs 42, eine dritte Druckmarke 53 direkt am Anfang des dritten Korrekturbereichs 43 und eine vierte Druckmarke 54 direkt am Anfang des vierten Korrekturbereichs aufgedruckt.FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of another example. In this case, in the
Bei Verwendung einer Bildauswertung anstatt der Auswertung von Druckmarken 51, 52, 53, 54 wird es ermöglicht, anstatt einer festen Anzahl von Korrekturbereichen 41, 42, 43, 44 den gesamten Druckbereich 30 als Korrekturbereich 40 zu verwenden und durch die Korrekturbewegung die Abrollung des Druckwerkzeuges derart zu verzerren, dass sich ein optimaler Druck ergibt.Using an image evaluation instead of the evaluation of print marks 51, 52, 53, 54, it is possible, instead of a fixed number of
Eine weitere Variante des Verfahrens sieht eine Korrektur der nachfolgenden Druckstationen vor. Anstatt die Druckstation, deren Druckbild man ausgewertet hat, zu korrigieren, können auch alle nachfolgenden Druckstationen entsprechend ihrer Position korrigiert werden. Diese Option kann noch dadurch erweitert werden, dass die das auszuwertende Druckbild druckende Druckstation ebenfalls korrigiert wird, was sich allerdings erst auf den nächsten Druck des nächsten Produktes auswirkt.Another variant of the method provides for a correction of the subsequent printing stations. Instead of correcting the printing station whose print image has been evaluated, all subsequent printing stations can also be corrected according to their position. This option can be further enhanced by also correcting the print station that prints the print image to be evaluated, which, however, only affects the next print of the next product.
Eine besonders schnelle Korrektur kann ermöglicht werden, wenn das Auswertungsgerät, beispielsweise ein Markenleser oder ein Kamerasystem, direkt am korrigierenden Antrieb, dem Stellglied, angeschlossen wird. Diese Option ist allerdings nicht mit den Optionen einer Korrektur der nachfolgenden Druckstationen oder in Kombination der Korrektur von Druckstationen und nachfolgenden Druckstationen möglich.A particularly rapid correction can be made possible if the evaluation device, for example a brand reader or a camera system, is connected directly to the correcting drive, the actuator. This option, however, does not match the options of one Correction of the subsequent printing stations or in combination the correction of printing stations and subsequent printing stations possible.
Eine weitere Option stellt eine Optimierung des Stellalgorithmus durch eine druckwerksübergreifende Regelung bzw. Stellung dar. Werden mehrere Druckwerke zueinander geregelt, so kann es vorkommen, dass einige der Verstellungen Druckverkürzungen und gleichzeitig auch Druckverlängerungen ergeben. Insbesondere können aber Druckverkürzungen gravierende Auswirkungen auf das Druckbild nach sich ziehen. Daher ist in dieser Option folgender Ablauf vorgesehen:
- Angenommen ist zunächst ein Druck einer ersten Druckstation, die zunächst ohne Korrektur gedruckt wird.
- Alle daraus errechneten Korrekturwerte werden dann auf mögliche Drucklängenverkürzungen überprüft, die im Hinblick auf das Gesamtdruckergebnis als besonders kritisch gelten.
- Ergeben sich Drucklängenverkürzungen, so werden diese nicht durchgeführt. Stattdessen werden die Korrekturwerte dergestalt modifiziert, dass sich keine Verkürzungen ergeben.
- Initially, a print of a first print station is assumed, which is initially printed without correction.
- All calculated correction values are then checked for possible reductions in print length, which are considered to be particularly critical with regard to the overall pressure result.
- If print length reductions result, these are not performed. Instead, the correction values are modified in such a way that no shortenings result.
Hierdurch sind zwar keine absoluten Druckgenauigkeiten erreichbar, jedoch bleiben die Druckstationen zueinander fehlerfrei und die kritischen Drucklängenverkürzungen werden vermieden.As a result, although no absolute printing accuracies can be achieved, the printing stations remain error-free with respect to each other and the critical printing length shortenings are avoided.
Das beschriebene Verfahren und dessen Varianten ermöglichen insbesondere den Ausgleich von Verzerrungen, wie sie beispielsweise beim Bedrucken von Papier oder Pappe, Wellpappe, Kunststoff- oder Metallfolien, Holz, Stoffen oder Metallen mit Flexodruckklischees auftreten können. Dabei können einerseits die Fertigungstoleranzen der Druckklischees, die je nach Klischeehöhe unterschiedlich sein können, und andererseits mögliche Aufspannfehler infolge einer partiell unterschiedlichen Dehnung dieses Klischees korrigiert werden.The described method and its variants make it possible, in particular, to compensate for distortions such as may occur, for example, when printing on paper or paperboard, corrugated cardboard, plastic or metal foils, wood, materials or metals with flexographic printing plates. On the one hand, the manufacturing tolerances of the printing plates, which may vary depending on the cliché height, and on the other hand possible Aufspannfehler be corrected as a result of a partially different elongation of this cliché.
- 10 Bedruckstoff10 printing material
- 20 Materialflussrichtung20 material flow direction
- 30 Druckbereich30 pressure range
- 40 Korrekturbereich40 correction range
- 41 erster Korrekturbereich41 first correction area
- 42 zweiter Korrekturbereich42 second correction range
- 43 dritter Korrekturbereich43 third correction range
- 44 vierter Korrekturbereich44 fourth correction area
- 50 Druckmarke50 print mark
- 51 erste Druckmarke51 first print mark
- 52 zweite Druckmarke52 second print mark
- 53 dritte Druckmarke53 third print mark
- 54 vierte Druckmarke54 fourth print mark
- 60 Bewegungsprofil ohne Korrektur60 movement profile without correction
- 70 Bewegungsprofil mit Korrektur70 Movement profile with correction
- 80 Geschwindigkeitsprofil mit Korrektur80 speed profile with correction
Claims (13)
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DE102005041651A DE102005041651A1 (en) | 2005-09-02 | 2005-09-02 | Method for pressure correction |
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EP1759844A2 true EP1759844A2 (en) | 2007-03-07 |
EP1759844A3 EP1759844A3 (en) | 2011-03-23 |
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EP (1) | EP1759844B2 (en) |
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DE102012109949A1 (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2014-05-22 | Baumer Hhs Gmbh | Method and device for passport measurement and / or register correction |
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DE102009013169B4 (en) | 2008-03-28 | 2021-12-09 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Geometry error correction while preserving specified information |
EP2392459B1 (en) | 2010-06-02 | 2015-09-02 | Müller Martini Holding AG | Method and device for register control of a printing press |
JP5713587B2 (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2015-05-07 | 三菱重工印刷紙工機械株式会社 | Box making machine, inspection device, and printing register control method for box making machine |
JP2013537860A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2013-10-07 | ボブスト メックス ソシエテ アノニム | Color registration method and apparatus for a printing press |
FR3024075B1 (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2019-06-07 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | DECORATION METHOD, CONTROL SYSTEM AND DECORATION MACHINE |
DE102015200148B4 (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2017-04-13 | Koenig & Bauer Ag | Method for adapting at least one length of an area to be formed on a plurality of printed sheets of the same size by printing technology |
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- 2006-08-29 US US11/511,935 patent/US20070051265A1/en not_active Abandoned
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DE102005041651A1 (en) | 2007-03-22 |
US20070051265A1 (en) | 2007-03-08 |
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EP1759844B2 (en) | 2019-04-24 |
JP2007069607A (en) | 2007-03-22 |
EP1759844A3 (en) | 2011-03-23 |
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