EP1759080B1 - Door holder for vehicle doors - Google Patents

Abstract

A door holder (1) for vehicle doors has a rigid door rebound strap (2) to be secured at one end to a vehicle longitudinal beam (4) or to the door in an articulated manner by means of a swivelling bearing (6), and a holding part (12) to be secured to the door or to the vehicle longitudinal beam (4). The rebound strap (2) is guided by the holding part (12) so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction and interacts with the holding part (12) by means of a ratchet system (16) which defines particular swivelling positions of the vehicle door (10). The holding part (12) has at least one ratchet element (18) which interacts with ratchet notches (22) of the rebound strap (2) and to which force is applied by an energy storing device, as well as a holding section (24) for fastening it to the door or longitudinal beam. The holding part (12) with the holding section (24), the ratchet element (18) and the energy storing device (20) consist of a single shaped part (26), in particular a bent spring steel wire.

Description

The present invention relates to a door holder for vehicle doors, with a single pivotally mounted on a particular vehicle to be fastened to a vehicle, dimensionally stable door-tether and a particular door side to be fastened holding part, wherein the tether is guided in its longitudinal direction relatively movable by the holding part and with the Holding part on a certain pivot positions of the vehicle door defining locking device cooperates, wherein the holding part has at least one acted upon by a force storage, cooperating with locking points of the tether locking element and a holding portion for its attachment.

Such door holders are known from numerous publications; just as an example, here are the documents EP 0 643 184 A1 . EP 0 805 251 A2 . DE 296 11 819 U1 . DE 94 19 099 U1 . EP 0 525 268 A1 , and WO 93/17209 A1 called.

All these door holders comply with the principle of "cantilevered chairs" (see in addition also the DE 296 24 414 U1 ), wherein the tether extends through the usually door side attached holding part through with its free end into the door. In the door pivoting movements for opening or closing the door, the tether moves through the holding part, wherein certain preferred positions are defined by the locking device. The free end of the tether is "free-swinging" with different projection length inside the door.

The known door holder are quite complex constructed of numerous items, which is reflected in high manufacturing and assembly costs and in a high overall weight. Thus, it is in the holding part to a mostly metal existing housing, in which at least one designed as a rolling or sliding body and cooperating with locking recesses of the tether locking element is movably guided. The latching element or each of two opposing latching elements is connected to the spring force of a force accumulator, usually a helical compression spring acted upon. For door-side mounting, the holder housing has a holding section, for example in the form of flange-like walls. In order to mount the parts of the locking device, the housing must in turn also consist of several, ie at least two parts. All mentioned items must be manufactured and assembled separately.

The present invention is based on the object to simplify a door holder of the described generic type structurally and thereby reduce the manufacturing and assembly costs as well as the total weight.

According to the invention this is achieved in that the holding part with its functionally essential minimum components, the holding portion, the locking element and the energy storage, consists of a one-piece molding. With particular advantage, this one-piece molding as a bending mold part of a curved and possibly z. B. formed by stamping or upsetting spring steel wire.

By the invention thus the essential functional parts of the holding part, ie at least one locking element with its associated force storage and a holding portion for door or holmseitigen attachment, combined into a single part. In a minimum version of a known door holder contrast, the holding part consists of at least two housing parts, a locking element and an associated spring, ie at least four separate items. It has been found that especially a bending mold part made of a spring steel wire can be produced very simply and economically as well as reliably, in particular with a CNC bending machine. Changes (eg the bending form for adaptation to different installation situations in the respective vehicle) are also quite easily possible by intervening in the CNC control. After the preparation of the molding accounted for almost all other assembly work, it only needs the separately produced tether inserted into the holding part (inserted), and the installation in the vehicle takes place - as before - in particular by attachment of the holding part on its holding portion in the door head area Door and by hinging the tether on the vehicle's axle. In principle, however, a kinematically reversed arrangement is possible, wherein the holding part fixedly secured to the vehicle's upright and the tether are pivotally hinged to the vehicle door.

The other end of the tether then dives "free-swinging" in a spar cavity.

Further advantageous features of the invention are contained in the subclaims and the following description.

Fig. 1

eine Perspektivansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Türhalters in einer ersten Ausführungsform im noch nicht im Fahrzeug montierten Zustand,

Fig. 2

eine Draufsicht in Pfeilrichtung II gemäß Fig. 1 zur Erläuterung einer bevorzugten Einbausituation im Fahrzeug (hier in der geschlossenen Türstellung),

Fig. 3

eine Vorderansicht des Türhalters in Pfeilrichtung III gemäß Fig. 1,

Fig. 4

eine Draufsicht in Pfeilrichtung IV gemäß Fig. 3,

Fig. 5 bis 7

weitere Ansichten wie in Fig. 2 in verschiedenen Öffnungsstellungen der Fahrzeugtür zur Veranschaulichung der Kinematik,

Fig. 8

eine Vorderansicht analog zu Fig. 3, jedoch in der Stellung gemäß Fg. 7 (siehe dort Pfeilrichtung VIII),

Fig. 9

einen Schnitt in der Ebene A-A gemäß Fig. 8,

Fig. 10

eine Schnittansicht wie in Fig. 9, jedoch in einem noch nicht im Fahrzeug montierten Anlieferzustand,

Fig. 11 bis 28

zahlreiche Ausführungsvarianten eines erfindungsgemäßen Halteteils jeweils mit einer Perspektivansicht und einer zugehörigen Vorder-bzw. Rückansicht.

On the basis of several, illustrated in the drawings, preferred embodiments, the invention will be explained in more detail by way of example. Showing:

Fig. 1

a perspective view of a door holder according to the invention in a first embodiment in the not yet mounted in the vehicle state,

Fig. 2

a plan view in the direction of arrow II of Figure 1 to explain a preferred installation situation in the vehicle (here in the closed position),

Fig. 3

a front view of the door holder in the direction of arrow III of FIG. 1,

Fig. 4

a top view in the direction of arrow IV of FIG. 3,

Fig. 5 to 7

further views as in FIG. 2 in different open positions of the vehicle door to illustrate the kinematics,

Fig. 8

a front view analogous to FIG. 3, but in the position according to FIG. 7 (see arrow VIII there),

Fig. 9

a section in the plane AA of FIG. 8,

Fig. 10

4 a sectional view as in FIG. 9, but in a delivery state not yet mounted in the vehicle,

11 to 28

numerous variants of a holding part according to the invention each with a perspective view and an associated front or. Rear View.

In the various figures of the drawing, like parts are always provided with the same reference numerals. Therefore, any description of a part with reference to a particular drawing figure also applies to all other figures in which the part with the corresponding reference numeral is also recognizable.

An inventive door holder 1 consists on the one hand of a rigid, rod-shaped or strip-shaped door-tether 2 and on the other hand of a holding part 12. Preferably, the tether 2 is at one end to an only partially indicated vehicle axle 4 articulated via a pivot bearing 6, d. H. pivotable about a pivot axis 8, fastened, while the holding part 12 in the region of a so-called door head of a likewise indicated only vehicle door 10 is to be fastened such that it is stationary relative to the door 10 (rigid). The tether 2 extends relatively movable through the holding part 12 and with its free, the pivot bearing 6 opposite end 14 with variable length movement over the holding part 12 also into a cavity of the door 10 into it. The door 10 - and indirectly also the holding part 12 - is pivotally guided about a pivot axis, not shown, parallel to the pivot axis 8 of the pivot bearing 6, wherein the door pivot axis relative to the pivot axis 8 of the tether 2 is arranged offset such that when opening the Door 10 practically the tether 2 relative to the door side mounted holding part 12 is pulled out of the door and pushed in when closing. This kinematics can be clearly seen with reference to FIGS. 2 and 5 to 7. In this relative movement, the tether 2 cooperates with the holding part 12 via a latching device 16, whereby certain pivot positions (preferred positions) of the vehicle door 10 are defined. For this purpose, the holding part 12 has at least one latching element 18, which is acted upon by a force accumulator 20 in the direction of the tether 2 out with a spring force F and cooperates with locking points 22 of the tether 2. For the door-side attachment, the holding part 12 also has a holding portion 24.

According to the invention, the holding part 12 with all its essential components, the holding portion 24, the at least one latching element 18 and the at least one energy storage 20, from a one-piece mold part 26. In the illustrated, preferred embodiments, the holding part 12 is a bending mold part 26 of a curved, in cross-section in particular circular and preferably formed in the region of the holding portion 24 by embossing or upsetting flat formed spring steel wire.

In the first embodiment illustrated in detail in FIGS. 1 to 10 as well as in the embodiment variants according to FIGS. 11 to 20, the holding part 12 only has a single latching points 22 formed as recesses or recesses on only one longitudinal edge 28 of the catching strap 2 cooperating locking element 18. In this case, however, the holding part 12 additionally has an opposing abutment element 30 (see in particular FIGS. 8 to 10), which supports the tether 2 against the detent spring force F generated by the force accumulator 20. As is apparent from FIGS. 9 and 10, in this case the abutment element 30 is arranged offset in the longitudinal direction of the tether 2 somewhat in the direction of its free end 14 with respect to the detent element 18.

The locking element 18 is formed by a free, elongated cylindrical wire end portion 32 of the bending mold part 26 and therefore acts as a sliding element. Here, the latching element 18 forming end portion 32 via a force storage 20 forming the spring portion 34 in the holding portion 24 via. The spring portion 34 is formed as an elongated torsion spring (torsion bar spring) and in this case arranged on the latching element 18 opposite side of the tether 2. The latching element 18 forming end portion 32 via a lever-like connecting portion 36 in the spring portion 34 via. The respectively adjacent sections 32 and 36 as well as 36 and 34 are respectively arranged at right angles to each other via bends, so that a total of one (inversely) U-shaped configuration results through all three sections 32, 34, 36. The spring portion 34 thus extends substantially parallel to the latching element 18 forming end portion 32 of the molding 26, wherein the connecting portion 36, the tether 2 crosses. The aforementioned abutment element 30 is in this case formed by a voltage applied to the tether 2 portion of the spring portion 34.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention acting as a torsion spring portion 34 is guided in its the lever-like connecting portion 36 proximate (upper) area in an abutment 38 against transversely directed to its longitudinal deflection movements. Here, it is also advantageous if the abutment 38 of the other, the latching element 18 forming end portion 32 opposite end portion 40 of the wire-bending molding 26 is formed by this end portion 40 is bent like a loop, that it wraps around the spring portion 34 in its region to be supported. This is preferably done indirectly with an intermediate arrangement of an annular bearing part 42, which expediently consists of a suitable plastic.

The holding portion 24 is formed of two sections of the wire-shaped part 26, namely two flat embossed or compressed portions 24 a and 24 b. These sections each have a threaded element 44 for the door-side attachment. In the illustrated embodiments, each threaded member 44 is designed as a threaded bore, but it may alternatively be a set threaded bolt. The two sections 24a, 24b are connected to each other via an intermediate portion 46 of the molding 26. Furthermore, in the illustrated embodiments, on the one hand, one (upper) section 24a merges into the anvil 38 and the other (lower) section 24b into the spring section 34. As is apparent from FIGS. 2 and 5 to 7, the attachment of the holding part 12 in the door head area in the vehicle door 10 by mounting screws 48, which engage through holes in the door panel into the threaded holes 44.

The intermediate section 46 connecting the sections 24a, 24b of the holding section 24 directly to each other can be rectilinear in the area between two bends of approximately 90 ° (see the embodiments according to FIGS. 11 to 14, FIGS. 17 and 18 as well as FIGS. 21 to 26) ). However, in the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 10 and FIGS. 15 and 16 as well as 19 and 20, it is provided that the intermediate section 46 has a region 50 which is bent like a bead in the direction of the tether 2.

As is apparent from Fig. 10, in a not yet mounted in the vehicle delivery condition of the door holder 1, the tether 2 is held fixed by a three-point system in the holding part 12, by abutment against the locking element 18, on the abutment member 30 and In this case, the abutment section 52 is preferably formed by the intermediate section 46 connecting the sections 24a, 24b of the retaining section 24, preferably by its bead-like section 50. According to Fig. 9 and 10, the tether 2 is acted upon by the spring force F with a tilting moment M by the above-mentioned longitudinal offset between the locking element 18 and the abutment member 30 and thereby moved against the abutment portion 52. Will then the door holder 1 in Vehicle mounted so first the holding part 12 is fixed in the door head area, and the tether 2 is moved with its pivot bearing 6 associated end against the stalling moment M in the position shown in FIG. 9, in which then the attachment via the pivot bearing 6 on the vehicle's bow he follows. The tether 2 is then released from the contact portion 52 so that it rests only between locking element 18 and abutment member 30.

At its free, the pivot bearing 6 opposite end 14, the tether 2 has an end stop member 54. Preferably, this end stop element 54 is formed as a one-piece hook-like shape of the tether 2, which with a hook opening 56 (Figure 2) in the - fully open door position corresponding - Endanschlagstellung (Fig. 8 to 10), the wire material of the holding part 12, in particular in the region Abutment element 30 surrounds.

As can be seen from the illustrations of the installation situation in FIGS. 2 and 5 to 7, the latching element 18 is advantageously arranged relative to the holding section 24 (or relative to the sections 24 a, 24 b) in such a manner that when mounted with the vehicle door 10 Connected state of the holding part 12, the locking element 18 in a outside of the vehicle door 10 between this and the vehicle's vertical 4 lying gap, ie in front of the so-called door head, is arranged. This is achieved by a corresponding bending shaping of the holding part 12. This advantageous feature contributes to a very short design of the tether 2.

As far as the embodiment variants of FIGS. 21 to 28 are concerned, the holding part 12 has two opposing latching elements 18 with opposite directions of action. The two locking elements 18 then act together with latching points formed on opposite longitudinal edges of the tether (not shown). The two locking elements 18 are formed by two free, mutually substantially parallel end portions 32 of the molded part 26. Each locking element 18 is connected via an associated, the force accumulator 20 forming spring portion 34 with the holding portion 24 and one of the two sections 24a, 24b. Here, each spring portion 34 acts as an elongated bending spring and / or as a torsion spring, depending on the bending waveform. This should be easy to understand on the basis of the illustrations.

Another essential aspect of the invention, which in principle can also be used independently of the previously described embodiment according to the invention relates to the tether 2. As is apparent from Fig. 9 and 10, the tether 2 of a metal core 58 and a plastic sheath 60, wherein According to the invention, the metal core 58 is preformed as a function of the desired catch contour, such that the plastic casing 60 has a layer thickness that is substantially constant over the entire surface. By this embodiment of the invention is - in comparison to a known embodiment in which a detent topography by partially thickening of the one consistently over its length away with a constant cross-section, z. B. strip-shaped metal core enveloping plastic material is formed - ensures that a very simple and reliable injection molding of the metal core with the plastic material is possible, resulting in advantageous short cycle times. In this case, the tether 2 preferably at each point of its longitudinal extent a rectangular, in particular at least approximately square cross-section.

Due to the preferred embodiment thus far described, the latching element 18 thus has a superficial metal surface and the tether 2 in the area of the longitudinal edge 28 having the latching points 22 on the surface of a plastic, so that it is a metal in each case with sliding friction relative to one another Plastic mating acts. By suitable choice of material very favorable sliding properties can be achieved.

As an alternative to the described embodiment, the materials can also be chosen vice versa, d. H. The latching element 18 may have a plastic surface (eg, as a sheath) on the surface and be slidably guided on a metal surface of the tether 2. Furthermore, suitable plastics can also be provided for both sliding partners.

For the sake of completeness, it should be mentioned in addition to the embodiments according to FIGS. 17 to 20 that in this case the (lower) subsection 24b of the holding section 24 merges via a deflection 62 of approximately 270 ° into the spring section, thereby the length of the spring section acting as a torsion spring 34 is advantageously extended.

Another essential aspect of the invention relates to the pivot bearing 6. Also, this aspect can basically be applied independently of the previously described inventive features. In this case, the invention provides that the pivot bearing 6 is formed by a one-piece shaped bearing member 64 which on one side to be fastened to the vehicle body 4 mounting portion 66 and on the other hand a rivet-like, directly to the tether 2 pivotally connected and engaging in a bearing opening 68 of the tether 2 Storage section 70 has. According to Fig. 3 and 8, the bearing portion 70 is seated with a cylindrical shaft within the bearing opening 68, wherein the tether 2 between a ring web-like bearing edge 72 and a rivet head 74 is substantially free of play and thereby guided against tilting. As shown in FIG. 9 and 10, the plastic sheath 60 is disposed within the bearing opening 68, the connection of the bearing part 64 with the tether 2 preferably by so-called radial rivets, whereby the rivet head 74 is formed almost without axial compression of the bearing portion 70 under mainly radial deformation , The bearing portion 70 is connected via a transition portion 75, the arbitrary, z. B. may be bent approximately S-shaped, integrally connected to the mounting portion 66. The mounting portion 66 can - as shown - be flat and have a mounting hole 76 for a screw.

The invention is not limited to the illustrated and described embodiments, but also includes all the same in the context of the invention embodiments. Thus, it is particularly emphasized again that, in deviation from the above description, a reverse arrangement in the vehicle is possible by the holding part 12 is attached to the vehicle axle 4, while the tether 2 is articulated via the pivot bearing 6 on the door 10 in the door head area. Furthermore, the invention has hitherto not been limited to the feature combination defined in claim 1, but may also be defined by any other combination of specific features of all individually disclosed individual features. This means that in principle virtually every individual feature of claim 1 can be omitted or replaced by at least one individual feature disclosed elsewhere in the application. In this respect, the claim 1 is to be understood only as a first formulation attempt for an invention.

Claims (20)

1. Door check (1) for vehicle doors, having a rigid door check strap (2), which is to be fastened at one end in an articulated manner via a pivot bearing (6) to a vehicle pillar (4) or a door, and a holding part (12), which is to be fastened to the door or the vehicle pillar (4), the check strap (2) being guided, so as to be capable of relative movement in its longitudinal direction, through the holding part (12) and cooperating with the holding part (12) via a latching device (16) defining specific pivoted positions of the vehicle door (10), the holding part (12) having at least one latching element (18), which is acted upon by an energy storing device (20) and cooperates with latching locations (22) of the check strap (2), and a holding section (24) for fastening it to the door or pillar,
   characterised in that the holding part (12) with the holding section (24), the latching element (18) and the energy storing device (20) consists of a one-piece shaped part (26).
2. Door check according to Claim 1,
   characterised in that the shaped part (26) consists of a bent spring steel wire.
3. Door check according to Claim 1 or 2,
   characterised in that the holding part (12) has a single latching element (18), which cooperates with latching locations (22) formed as indentations on only one longitudinal edge (28) of the check strap (2), and an opposite abutment element (30) which supports the check strap (2) against a latching spring force (F) produced by the energy storing device (20).
4. Door check according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
   characterised in that the latching element (18) is formed by a free end section (32) of the shaped part (26) and merges into the holding section (24) via a spring section (34) forming the energy storing device (20).
5. Door check according to Claim 4,
   characterised in that the spring section (34) is designed as an elongated torsion spring and is arranged on the side of the check strap (2) opposite the latching element (18), the free end section (32), which forms the latching element (18), merging into the spring section (34) via a lever-like connecting section (36).
6. Door check according to Claim 4 or 5,
   characterised in that the spring section (34) runs substantially parallel to the end section (32), forming the latching element (18), of the shaped part (26).
7. Door check according to one of Claims 3 to 6,
   characterised in that the abutment element (30) is formed by a partial section of the spring section (34).
8. Door check according to one of Claims 5 to 7,
   characterised in that the spring section (34) acting as a torsion spring is guided, in its region lying close to the lever-like connecting section (36), in a thrust bearing (38) against deflecting movements directed transversely to its longitudinal extent.
9. Door check according to Claim 8,
   characterised in that the thrust bearing (38) is formed by an end section (40) of the shaped part (26), which end section is bent in the manner of an eye and wraps around the spring section (34) - in particular indirectly with interposition of an annular bearing part (42).
10. Door check according to Claim 8 or 9,
    characterised in that the holding section (24) consists of two partial sections (24a, 24b), each having a threaded element (44) for fastening to the door or pillar, the partial sections (24a, 24b) being connected to one another via an intermediate section (46) and also, on the one hand, to the spring section (34) and, on the other hand, to the thrust bearing (38).
11. Door check according to one of Claims 3 to 10,
    characterised in that, in a delivery state when not yet mounted in the vehicle, the check strap (2) is fixedly held in the holding part (12) by three-point support, to be precise by support of the latching element (18), of the abutment element (30) and of a further supporting section (52), which is preferably formed by the intermediate section (46) connecting the partial sections (24a, 24b) of the holding section (24).
12. Door check according to one of Claims 1 to 11,
    characterised in that the check strap (2) has a limit-stop element (54) at its free end opposite the pivot bearing (6).
13. Door check according to Claim 12,
    characterised in that the limit-stop element (54) is formed as a one-piece hook-like shaped portion of the check strap (2).
14. Door check according to Claim 1 or 2,
    characterised in that the holding part (12) has two opposite latching elements (18) which cooperate with latching locations (22) formed on opposite longitudinal edges of the check strap (2).
15. Door check according to Claim 14,
    characterised in that each latching element (18) is connected to the holding section (24) via an associated spring section (34) forming the energy storing device (20).
16. Door check according to Claim 15,
    characterised in that each spring section (34) is designed as an elongated bending spring and/or torsion spring.
17. Door check according to one of Claims 14 to 16,
    characterised in that the latching elements (18) are formed by two free end sections (32), running substantially parallel to one another, of the shaped part (26).
18. Door check according to one of Claims 1 to 17,
    characterised in that the/each latching element (18) is arranged, relative to the holding section (24), in such a way that it is arranged in an intermediate space lying between the vehicle door (10) and the vehicle pillar (4), when the holding part (12) is in the mounted state in a vehicle.
19. Door check in particular according to one of Claims 1 to 18,
    characterised in that the check strap (2) consists of a metal core (58) and a plastic covering (60), the metal core (58) being pre-shaped in such a way that the plastic covering (60) has a substantially constant layer thickness over the entire surface.
20. Door check in particular according to one of Claims 1 to 19,
    characterised in that the pivot bearing (6) is formed by a one-piece bearing part (64), the bearing part (64) having, on one side, a mounting section (66) to be fastened to the vehicle pillar (4) or the door and, on the other side, a rivet-like bearing section (70) which is pivotably connected directly to the check strap (2) and engages in a bearing opening (68) of the check strap (2).

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