EP1758809B1 - Elevator shaft - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a predictive system having the features of the preamble of claim 1.

The vertical transport in buildings is accomplished today mainly with rope or hydraulic elevators. Due to the design, each cabin of a lift requires its own shaft exclusively. This means that it is not possible for several cabins to simultaneously use a carriageway of the shaft. For tall buildings, up to 30% of the enclosed space is needed for the lift shafts alone.

More economical are systems in which several cabins use the same lane in the elevator shaft depending on the traffic volume. Thus, the transport performance can be significantly increased compared to conventional lifts with less converted space.

Meanwhile, the first system on the market where two conventional counterweight lifts share a lift shaft is on the market. This increases shaft utilization by almost twice. However, this solution has the disadvantage that not every one of the two cabins can reach the final stop. In addition, the possibilities of using more than two cabins per shaft are limited by the ropes and counterweights.

A better and more flexible shaft utilization is self-propelled cabins, the z. B. driven by a linear motor or friction wheel achieved. The solution described below is based on such self-propelled cabins in the elevator shaft.

In publications and patents, a variety of solutions for the multiple use of elevator shafts are described. Most of these solutions provide a roundabout of the cabins in at least two elevator shafts. Depending on the traffic, any number of cabins can then be marketed. The traffic flow in the shaft also moves only in one direction, which simplifies the technical design of the overall system and reduces the risk of collision.

So far, such systems are not used, since for the shaft system and in particular for the implementation of self-propelled cabins from one shaft to the other no economic solution was found.

The utility model DE 202 06 290 U1 describes a simple system. However, the solution described requires a cylindrical shaft system. The cabins must also have the shape of a partial cylinder. This has the consequence that both the shaft doors and the car doors are round to perform, which increases the cost of production considerably. Cabins and shaft are also to be realized as a sub-cylinder, which is getting used to, at least in the application.

Object of the present invention is to provide an elevator shaft of the type mentioned in such a way that several elevator cars together can use a lane in a square shaft.

This object is achieved by a hoistway with the features of claim 1.

The advantages achieved by the invention are, in particular, that the principle of simultaneous use of a road through several cabins in the current construction with square shafts and cabins can be realized economically. The invention enables the use of an elevator shaft with only one lane through up to four self-propelled cabins.

In a fully developed lift shaft up to four independent lanes can be used in parallel.

With appropriate equipment of the lanes, the self-propelled cabins can be used with a linear motor or friction wheel drive or mixed.

The linking of the roadways is accomplished with a conversion device that can be positioned at any position in the shaft.

The multi-functional conversion device allows the intermediate parking and the change of cabins from one lane to the other. Thus, the most diverse requirements can be covered, such. As roundabout, overtaking or adjusting the cabin density to the traffic.

Since the cabins can enter the converter from both sides, as in the case of a train station, particularly good civil protection can be achieved. Especially if a building in the middle is completely or partially destroyed by an explosion.

In order to achieve this disaster control, transfer facilities are positioned at regular intervals in a shaft with at least two lanes. If a building including the shaft in the middle is destroyed, the controller deactivates the affected section. For the building area below and above, an independent roundabout can continue to operate in the shaft.

embodiments

The aim of the invention is to provide an economical transport system for passenger transport in buildings, which fulfills the most diverse requirements and can nevertheless be standardized to a high degree.

Two embodiments will be described below. Both essentially fulfill the same functions.

The transport system consists of a multiple shaft and a conversion device. The fully equipped quadrangular multiple shaft is divided into four similar segments. Each segment contains a lane for the simultaneous operation of several self-propelled cabins. Roadways and cabins can be equipped for different drive types, for example, friction wheel or linear motor drive. Mixed operation is also possible.

The start or end station of the entire system is the conversion device. The transfer device can also be inserted as an intermediate station at any point in the shaft.

The conversion device acts like a multi-functional traffic node. It allows the cabins to change lanes, reverse the direction, overtake and temporarily park. But the conversion devices can also from the cabins, staying on the same lane, simply pass through. When using the Umsetzzeinrichtungen as a stopover the traffic in higher buildings is subdivided into larger sections. Thus, in case of accidents in the building of the affected section can be shut down, without affecting the above or below sections.

Figur 1:

einen Horizontalschnitt eines viereckigen Mehrfachschachtes mit Eckeinstieg und vier parallelen Fahrbahnen;

Figur 2:

einen Horizontalschnitt eines viereckigen Mehrfachschachtes mit Eckeinstieg und zwei parallelen Fahrbahnen (nich Teil der Erfindung);

Figur 3:

einen Horizontalschnitt eines viereckigen Mehrfachschachtes mit Eckeinstieg und einer Fahrbahn (nich Teil der Erfindung);

Figur 4:

eine Draufsicht einer als Drehkreuz ausgebildeten Umsetzeinrichtung mit vier Segmenten zur Aufnahme von vier quadratischen Kabinen;

Figur 5:

eine Draufsicht einer als Halbkreis ausgebildeten Umsetzeinrichtung mit einem nach rechts oder links schwenkbaren Segment zur Aufnahme von einer quadratischen Kabine (nicht Teil der Erfindung);

Figur 6:

einen Horizontalschnitt eines viereckigen Mehrfachschachtes mit vier parallelen Fahrbahnen, ausgelegt für rechteckige Kabinen mit seitlicher Schiebetüre;

Figur 7:

eine Draufsicht einer als Hakendrehkreuz ausgebildeten Umsetzeinrichtung mit vier Segmenten zur Aufnahme einer rechteckigen Kabine mit seitlicher Schiebetüre.

Two selected embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and described below. Show it:

FIG. 1:

a horizontal section of a quadrangular multiple shaft with corner entry and four parallel lanes;

FIG. 2:

a horizontal section of a quadrangular multiple shaft with corner entry and two parallel lanes (not part of the invention);

FIG. 3:

a horizontal section of a quadrangular multiple shaft with corner entry and a carriageway (not part of the invention);

FIG. 4:

a plan view of a trained as a hub conversion device with four segments for receiving four square cabins;

FIG. 5:

a plan view of a semicircular conversion device with a right or left pivotable segment for receiving a square cabin (not part of the invention);

FIG. 6:

a horizontal section of a quadrangular multiple shaft with four parallel lanes, designed for rectangular cabins with sliding side door;

FIG. 7:

a plan view of a designed as a hook turntable conversion device with four segments for receiving a rectangular cabin with side sliding door.

Application example 1.

FIG. 1 shows as a first application example 1 a shaft 5 with a square cross-section. It is divided by a right-angled cross 10 into four equal segments 11, 12, 13, 14. Each of the segments 11, 12, 13, 14 is equipped with a roadway. The legs 9 of the cross 10 are provided on each side with vertical guide rails 21. The guide rails 21 for a segment are at right angles to each other. They are designed in the example for the operation of self-propelled cabins 31, 32, 33 34 with its own friction wheel drive. To the rails 21 respectively rollers 20 are pressed, which are equipped for this purpose with a controlled drive. The energy is supplied via vertical busbars (not shown). The four lanes are arranged such that an axis 15, 16, 17, 18 laid horizontally through the outer corner 2 of the cabins 31, 32, 33, 34, the center 100 of a likewise through the outer corners 2 of the cabins 31, 32, 33 , 34 current, imaginary circle meets, said center 100 simultaneously forms the center of the elevator shaft 5 and the inserted transfer devices.

• Figur 2 zeigt den in Figur 1 dargestellten Schacht 5 als Teilschacht 5.2 in identischer Bauform, jedoch mit nur zwei nebeneinander angeordneten Segmenten bzw. Fahrbahnen.
• Figur 3 zeigt für kleine Anwendungen den in Figur 1 dargestellten Schacht 5 als Teilschacht 5.3 in identischer Bauform mit nur einem Segment bzw. einer Fahrbahn.

The cabins 31, 32, 33, 34 and the four shaft segments 11, 12, 13, 14 each have a corner entry. Cabin doors 6 and shaft doors 7 run at right angles to each other and meet on the axes 15, 16, 17, 18th

• FIG. 2 shows the in FIG. 1 Shaft 5 shown as a partial shaft 5.2 in identical design, but with only two juxtaposed segments or lanes.
• FIG. 3 shows for small applications the in FIG. 1 Shaft 5 shown as a sub-shaft 5.3 in identical design with only one segment or a roadway.

Transcriber

Above all, the conversion device is used to change a car from one shaft to another. The cabin moves for this purpose from above or below in the height of a cabin exhibiting, rotatably mounted turnstile. The conversion process is carried out by a horizontal rotation with the cabin to the right or left. If the rotatable segment with the cabin is located exactly above the desired segment in the shaft, the turnstile is electrically and mechanically locked. The cabin can then continue up or down. The transmission of energy and optionally the transmission of information from the stationary shaft to the turnstile takes place, for example, by means of slip ring contacts or flexible lines. The information transfer can z. B. done wirelessly by a transmitting and receiving device.

FIG. 4 shows the top view of a turning device 410 formed as a conversion device with four equal segments 411, 412, 413, 414 for receiving four square cabins with corner entry.

The Umsetzzeinrichtung is round, has the height of a floor of the building and is designed by its own drive to the right and left rotating. It is enclosed by a circular fixed shaft wall 45. In the shaft wall 45 for each of the segments 411, 413, 414, 415 round, centrally opening sliding doors 47 are embedded with their own drive. The axis of the turnstile 410 is mounted on the center of the shaft cross 10. Each of the segments 411, 412, 413, 414 of the turnstile 410 is provided with a roadway. The legs 409 of the turnstile 410 are provided on each side with vertical guide rails 21. The diameter of the turnstile 410 corresponds to the distance of the axis 16, 18 between the outer corners of the opposite cabins z. B. 32, 34. The segments 411, 412, 413, 414 of the hub 410 between the legs 409 are limited to the shaft wall 45 with rotating door sills 44. To the right and left of these floor to ceiling covers 49 are attached.

FIG. 5 shows the top view of a reduced conversion device in the form of a turnstile 510 with a right or left pivotable cabin 34. The shaft wall 55 is configured semicircular, and in the shaft wall 55 sliding doors 57 are embedded. This in FIG. 5 illustrated hub 510 is executed only to a quarter and defines a segment 514. Otherwise, the design with that in FIG. 4 identical.

possible combinations

The fourfold shaft in FIG. 1 , the double shaft in FIG. 2 and the simple bay in FIG. 3 can with the turnstiles in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 be combined in a variety of variants.

When combining the quadruple shaft of FIG. 1 with the complete turnstile in FIG. 4 For example, two of each of the four shafts may form an independent roundabout. In another variant, two shafts serve the main traffic direction and the third shaft is used for the retrieval of the cabins. The fourth shaft serves as a reserve.

A reduced solution is the double shaft in FIG. 2 along with half the turnstile in FIG. 5 This makes it possible to build a complete roundabout with several cabins.

The smallest solution arises by the single shaft in FIG. 3 with the turnstile in FIG. 4 combined. With this combination, up to four cabins can be moved one behind the other along the shaft upwards into an upper turnstile. Then the direction is reversed and the four cabins can retract in reverse order down to a lower turnstile.

In principle, it is also possible to operate the single shaft only together with a car with or without counterweight.

Application Example 2

Traditional elevator construction is generally based on square or rectangular cabins equipped with side or central opening doors. Low cost components are available in the market for this solution. As a drive variant for self-propelled cabins, the linear drive is given a future perspective. Therefore, in the design of Application Example 2, these requirements were taken into account.

Incidentally, however, all functions and application variants of the application examples 1 and 2 are identical, so that in the following only the differences in the embodiment will be discussed.

Instead of a square shaft shows FIG. 6 a rectangular shaft 65, which is divided by a swastika 610 into four rectangular segments 611, 612, 613, 614. Each of the segments 611, 612, 613, 614 is provided with a roadway. The mutually parallel legs 609 of the shaft cross 610 are provided per segment on the inside with vertical guide rails 621. The leg therebetween carries the active or passive part 603 of a linear motor. The counterpart 604 thereto sits on the respective cabin 631, 632, 633, 634.

The four separate track segments 611, 612, 613, 614 are in turn arranged so that an axis 601, 602 placed horizontally through the outer corner of the cars will cover the center 100 of one also through the outer corners of the cars 631, 632, 633 , 634 running imaginary circle, this center 100 also forms the center of the swastika 610 and the inserted Umsetzreinrichtungen.

The cabins 631, 632, 633, 634 and the shaft 65 are each provided with laterally-opening sliding doors 67, 66.

The quadruple shaft 65 in FIG. 6 can also be realized as in Application Example 1 with two or only one segment.

In FIG. 7 is a transfer device shown with a turnstile in the form of a swastika 710 with legs 709 and rectangular cabins 631, 632, 633, 634 and laterally opening sliding doors 76. The latter release door sills 74, which are arranged laterally next to covers 79. The turnstile 710 is also equipped as the shaft 65 for the linear drive. Round, single-leaf shaft doors 77 each have their own drive.

The transfer device in FIG. 7 can be realized in the economy version as a semicircle with a swiveling segment for receiving a cabin.

Claims (16)

1. Traffic system consisting of an elevator shaft having up to four parallel tracks of the same type, adapted for the operation of a plurality of self-propelled cars (31, 32, 33, 34) per track, and having at least one transfer arrangement (410, 510, 710) for switching track and for allowing cars (31, 32, 33, 34) to park on an interim basis, to turn and to pass one another, characterized in that the elevator shaft (5, 65) has a quadrilateral cross section having up to four segments (11, 12, 13, 14; 611, 612, 613, 614), each with an independent track, the segments (11, 12, 13, 14; 611, 612, 613, 614) each being disposed such that an axis (15, 16, 17, 18; 601, 602) laid out horizontally through the outwardly-located corner of the cars (31, 32, 33, 34) passes through the center (100) of an imaginary circle which likewise runs through the outer corners of the cars (31, 32, 33, 34), this center (100) simultaneously forming the center point of the elevator shaft (5, 65) and of the transfer arrangements (410, 510, 710) which have been inserted.
2. Traffic system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the elevator shaft is configured as a part-shaft (5.1, 5.2) with one, two or three segments.
3. Traffic system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the transfer arrangement (410, 510, 710) is formed as a right-angled spider with up to four segments for accommodating a maximum of four cars (31, 32, 33, 34).
4. Traffic system according to Claim 3, characterized in that the transfer arrangement (410, 510, 710) is inserted in the shaft (5, 65) at the start and at the end of the shaft (5, 65) or at any desired stopping point.
5. Traffic system according to Claim 1, characterized in that access to the shaft and car takes place via a corner and, correspondingly, the door leaves (6, 7) of the shaft and car doors meet at right angles.
6. Traffic system according to Claim 3, characterized in that the spider (710) is configured as a swastika.
7. Traffic system according to Claim 6, characterized in that access to the car (31, 32, 33, 34) takes place via the outwardly-located end face and via upright elevator doors (76).
8. Traffic system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shaft doors (47) of the transfer arrangement (410) are equipped with an independent drive.
9. Traffic system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tracks in the shaft are equipped for operation of cars (31, 32, 33, 34) with a linear motor (603, 604).
10. Traffic system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tracks in the shaft are equipped for operation of cars (31, 32, 33, 34) with a friction drive (20, 21).
11. Traffic system according to Claim 3, characterized in that the segments of the spider (410, 510, 710) are open at the top and bottom, and the cars (31, 32, 33, 34) can move into the segment from the top or bottom or can also travel through the segment.
12. Traffic system according to Claim 3, characterized in that the spider (410, 510, 710) is equipped with a locking arrangement and a signaling arrangement, these becoming active when, following a rotary movement, the segments (411, 412, 413, 414; 514) are positioned exactly above the tracks again.
13. Traffic system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the elevator shaft (65) has a rectangular base and the transfer arrangement (710) has a circular base.
14. Traffic system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of transfer arrangements (410, 510, 710) can be positioned one above the other.
15. Traffic system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tracks in the shaft (5; 65), including the transfer arrangement (410, 510, 710), are equipped for the mixed operation of cars with a friction drive and a linear motor.
16. Traffic system according to Claim 3, characterized in that the transfer arrangement (510) is formed as a semicircle with a segment (514), which pivots to the right and left, for accommodating no more than one car (34).

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