EP1751422B1 - Fuel injection valve with an integrated igniting device - Google Patents

Fuel injection valve with an integrated igniting device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1751422B1
EP1751422B1 EP05726241A EP05726241A EP1751422B1 EP 1751422 B1 EP1751422 B1 EP 1751422B1 EP 05726241 A EP05726241 A EP 05726241A EP 05726241 A EP05726241 A EP 05726241A EP 1751422 B1 EP1751422 B1 EP 1751422B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel injection
injection valve
electrode
valve according
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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EP05726241A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1751422A1 (en
Inventor
Manfred Vogel
Werner Herden
Rainer Ecker
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP1751422A1 publication Critical patent/EP1751422A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/06—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices the devices being sparking plugs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/24—Fuel-injection apparatus with sensors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection valve according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a fuel injection valve with an integrated ignition device known.
  • a spark gap is formed on the discharge side of the spray-discharge openings.
  • a disadvantage of the fuel injection valve known from the above document is that in particular the fuel-air mixture is ignited by only a spark gap only at one point in the combustion chamber. The time to spread the flame in the combustion chamber is thereby disadvantageously increased.
  • the ignition electrodes are aligned or provided with edges in the vicinity of the injection orifice in order to reproducibly fix the position of the flashover on the end face of the valve body with respect to the position of the injection orifice.
  • Kambination the fuel injection valve and the ignition device are arranged in a common housing Since the spark gaps are directly between the ignition electrodes and the valve body, in particular the valve body is exposed to extreme stresses on its face, over the life of a high risk of uncontrolled burnup or unwanted deposits, which are particularly disadvantageous because they are in the immediate vicinity of the injection orifice, so that it can lead to undesirable changes in the beam pattern.
  • the fuel injection valve according to the invention with integrated ignition device with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that the fuel-air mixture can be completely ignited much faster. Due to the resulting significantly faster overall combustion of the efficiency is increased. In addition, bulky end portions of the spray are avoided, thereby achieving less spread of the lambda range of the spray with the consequence of reduced hydrocarbon emissions. Furthermore, in the fuel injection valve according to the invention with integrated ignition device, a higher exhaust gas recirculation rate and / or a leaner shift operation with the consequence of reduced nitrogen oxide emissions is possible.
  • the pairs of electrodes are arranged so that the spark gaps are distributed uniformly around the spray-discharge openings and / or the spark gaps are arranged on a circle around the spray-discharge openings.
  • the fuel-air mixture is ignited uniformly, and the fuel-air mixture can burn evenly and homogeneously in the combustion chamber. The time for complete ignition of the entire fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber is minimized.
  • the housing is also advantageous to manufacture from an electrically conductive material, in particular metal.
  • the housing can thereby be used as an electrical pole or as a ground electrode for the electrode pairs.
  • the ignition voltage can be selected small.
  • the thickness of the insulator can be made smaller.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 Before using the FIGS. 2 and 3 a preferred embodiment of the invention will be described in more detail, is to better understand the invention first with reference to Fig. 1 a fuel injector without integrated ignition device are briefly explained with respect to its essential components.
  • Fig. 2 drawn arrows show the course of the flame front of the ignited fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber.
  • FIG. 1 An in Fig. 1 shown example of a fuel injection valve 1 without integrated ignition device is designed in the form of a fuel injection valve 1 for fuel injection systems of mixture-compression, spark-ignition internal combustion engines.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is suitable in particular for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 without integrated ignition device consists of a nozzle body 2, in which a valve needle 3 is arranged.
  • the valve needle 3 has the discharge side a valve closing body 4 which cooperates with a arranged on a valve seat body 5 valve seat surface 6 to a sealing seat.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 in the exemplary embodiment is an inwardly opening fuel injection valve 1 which has an injection opening 7.
  • the nozzle body 2 is sealed by a seal 8 against an outer pole 9 of a magnetic coil 10.
  • the magnetic coil 10 is encapsulated in a coil housing 11 and wound on a bobbin 12, which rests against an inner pole 13 of the magnetic coil 10.
  • the inner pole 13 and the outer pole 9 are separated by a distance 26 and connected to each other by a non-ferromagnetic connecting member 29.
  • the magnetic coil 10 is energized via an electrical line 19 from a via an electrical plug contact 17 can be supplied electric current.
  • the plug contact 17 is of a Surround plastic casing 18, which may be molded on the inner pole 13.
  • valve needle 3 is guided in a valve needle guide 14, which is designed disk-shaped.
  • armature 20 On the other side of the shim 15 is the armature 20. This is connected via a first flange 21 with the valve needle 3 in connection, which is connected by a weld 22 with the first flange 21.
  • a helical return spring 23 On the first flange 21, a helical return spring 23 is supported, which is brought in the present design of the fuel injection valve 1 by a sleeve 24 to bias.
  • valve needle guide 14 in the armature 20 and on a guide element 36 extend fuel channels 30, 31 and 32.
  • the fuel is supplied via a central fuel supply 16 and filtered by a filter element 25.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is sealed by a rubber ring 28 against a fuel distributor line, not shown, and by a seal 37 against a cylinder head, not shown.
  • annular damping element 33 On the discharge side of the armature 20, an annular damping element 33, which consists of an elastomer material, arranged. It rests on a second flange 34, which is materially connected to the valve needle 3 via a weld seam 35.
  • the armature 20 In the idle state of the fuel injection valve 1, the armature 20 is acted upon by the return spring 23 against its stroke direction so that the valve closing body 4 is held on the valve seat surface 6 in sealing engagement. Upon energization of the solenoid coil 10, this builds up a magnetic field, which moves the armature 20 against the spring force of the return spring 23 in the stroke direction, wherein the stroke is determined by a located in the rest position between the inner pole 12 and the armature 20 working gap 27.
  • the armature 20 takes the first flange 21, which is welded to the valve needle 3, also in the stroke direction with.
  • the standing with the valve needle 3 in connection valve closing body 4 lifts from the valve seat surface 6, and the pressurized supplied fuel is sprayed through the injection opening 7 in the combustion chamber, not shown.
  • the armature 20 drops after sufficient degradation of the magnetic field by the pressure of the return spring 23 from the inner pole 13, whereby the valve connected to the needle 3 in communication first flange 21 moves against the stroke direction.
  • the valve needle 3 is thereby moved in the same direction, whereby the valve closing body 4 touches on the valve seat surface 6 and the fuel injection valve 1 is closed.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic section through an inventive embodiment of a fuel injection valve 1 with integrated igniter in the discharge side region.
  • the illustrated fuel injection valve 1 is designed as a multi-hole valve and opens inwards.
  • the integrated igniter has two pairs of electrodes.
  • a first electrode pair consists of a first ground electrode 38 and a first center electrode 39.
  • a second pair of electrodes consists of a second ground electrode 44 and a second center electrode 45.
  • the cylindrical nozzle body 2 of the fuel injection valve 1 extends in a perfectly fitting hollow cylindrical housing 40 and closes off laterally with the injection-side end of the housing 40.
  • a first hollow cylindrical insulator 42 in which the first center electrode 39 extends
  • a second hollow cylindrical insulator 47 in which the second center electrode 45 extends
  • the insulating body 42, 47 consist for example of a ceramic material.
  • the nozzle body 2 and the housing 40 be made in one piece in other embodiments.
  • the two insulating body 42, 47 protrude slightly beyond the discharge-side end of the housing 40. This serves in particular to prevent leakage currents between the electrodes.
  • the two center electrodes 39, 45 initially coaxial with the central axis of the respective insulating body 42, 47 to extend after a short distance approximately at right angles to it.
  • the two ground electrodes 38, 44 are fixed electrically conductively on opposite sides of the ejection openings 7 by welding in the region of the outer edge of the ejection-side side of the housing 40. Starting from the housing 40, they first run parallel to the course of the respective associated central electrodes 39, 45 in order to bend at right angles at the same height as the central electrodes 39, 45.
  • the ends of the respective center electrodes 39, 45 and the ends of the respective ground electrodes 38, 44 face each other and are penetrated by Fig. 3 Sparks shown in detail 41, 46 spaced.
  • spark gaps 41, 46 are located on opposite sides of the injection openings 7, two flame fronts spread in the combustion chamber, not shown, which are first directed away from each other, then run to a piston bottom, not shown, and finally run there to each other.
  • the time for complete ignition of the fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber, not shown, is thereby almost halved.
  • the two spark gaps 41, 46 are ignited simultaneously, with a time-offset ignition is conceivable, for example, to consider different maturities of the two flame fronts in non-symmetrical combustion chamber geometries. Likewise, this may be necessary if the fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention is not arranged centrally in a combustion chamber roof, not shown.
  • a temperature sensor 49 and a pressure sensor 48 are introduced into the housing 40.
  • Fig. 3 shows a plan view of the discharge-side end of the fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention with integrated ignition device.
  • the spark gaps 41, 46 are clearly visible on opposite sides of the spray-discharge openings 7.
  • more than two spark gaps 41, 46 may be arranged around the ejection openings 7, which are then arranged, for example, uniformly and in a circle around the ejection openings 7.
  • the end of the first center electrode 39 and the end of the first ground electrode 38 face each other.
  • the end of the second center electrode 45 and the end of the second ground electrode 44 are also directed toward each other.
  • the surfaces of the ends of the respective electrodes 38, 39, 44, 45 facing each other run parallel to each other.
  • the spacings of the ends of the respective electrode pairs are advantageously only 50 to 300 micrometers.
  • the height of the ignition voltage can be lowered thereby and the thickness of the insulating body 42, 47 can be reduced without compromising the reliability of the fuel injection valve 1 with integrated ignition device, since the spray 43 flowing past the so-called "Entrainment-flow" generated, which deflects the only short spark and pulls into the spray.
  • the ignition of the two spark gaps 41, 46 can either through a single ignition coil, not shown, connected in series, in which case one of the two ground electrodes 38, 44 must be mounted isolated or performed, or carried out by a double spark coil.
  • the ignition of more than two spark gaps 41, 46 can be either via a single ignition coil connected in series, then the ground electrodes of n-1 spark gaps isolated mounted or performed, or by using one or more double spark coils or a Combination of double spark coils and single ignition coils.
  • the described fuel injection valve 1 with integrated ignition device can be additionally combined as a structural unit with one or more ignition coils arranged behind it in the axial direction or an ignition coil arranged behind it.
  • the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments and may be e.g. also be used for outward opening or spin-generating fuel injection valves 1 with integrated igniter.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs.The invention relates to a fuel injection valve according to the preamble of the main claim.

Beispielsweise ist aus der DE 102 14 167 A1 ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit einer integrierten Zündvorrichtung bekannt. Durch eine erste Elektrode und eine zweite Elektrode wird eine Funkenstrecke abspritzseitig der Abspritzöffnungen gebildet. Die Vorteile einer solchen Brennstoffeinspritzventil-Zündkerzen-Kombination sind beispielsweise der verringerte Platzbedarf und die gesteigerte Flexibilität bei der Brennraumgestaltung und der Anordnung und Dimensionierung der Ein- und Auslaßventile.For example, is from the DE 102 14 167 A1 a fuel injection valve with an integrated ignition device known. By means of a first electrode and a second electrode, a spark gap is formed on the discharge side of the spray-discharge openings. The advantages of such a fuel injector spark plug combination are, for example, the reduced space requirement and the increased flexibility in the combustion chamber design and the arrangement and dimensioning of the intake and exhaust valves.

Nachteilig bei dem aus der obengenannten Druckschrift bekannten Brennstoffeinspritzventil ist insbesondere, daß durch die nur eine Funkenstrecke das Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisch nur an einer Stelle im Brennraum zündet wird. Die Zeit zur Ausbreitung der Flamme im Brennraum ist dadurch unvorteilhaft erhöht.A disadvantage of the fuel injection valve known from the above document is that in particular the fuel-air mixture is ignited by only a spark gap only at one point in the combustion chamber. The time to spread the flame in the combustion chamber is thereby disadvantageously increased.

Aus der US 6,536,405 Bi bereits ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit integrierter Zündvorrichtung mit einem ersten Elektrodenpaar zum Zünden von direkt in einen Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine durch eine Abspritzöffnung im Ventilkörper des Brennstoffeinspritzventils eingespritzten Brennstoff bekannt Außerdem sind ein von dem Ventilkörper isolierter Gehäusekörper und eine mit dem Gehäusekörper verbundene Zündelektrode vorgesehen. Dabei wird ein Funkenüberschlag über eine Funkenstrecke zwischen dem Ventilkörper und der jeweiligen Zündelektrode erzeugt. Die Zündelektrode und der Ventilkörper sind so geformt, dass der Funkenüberschlag zwischen der dem Brennraum zugewandten Stirnfläche des Ventilkörpers und der Zündelektrode erfolgt. Die Zündelektrode ist entweder stiftartig oder drahtförmig oder ringförmig ausgeführt. Die Zündelektroden sind so ausgerichtet oder mit Kanten in der Nähe der Abspritzöffnung versehen, um die Position des Funkenüberschlags an der Stirnfläche des Ventilkörpers bezüglich der Position der Abspritzöffnung reproduzierbar festzulegen. Als Zündkerze-Einspritzventil-Kambination sind das Brennstoffeinspritzventil und die Zündvorrichtung in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse angeordnet Da die Funkenstrecken unmittelbar zwischen den Zündelektroden und dem Ventilkörper liegen, ist insbesondere der Ventilkörper an seiner Stirnfläche extremen Beanspruchungen ausgesetzt, wobei über die Lebensdauer eine hohe Gefahr von unkontrolliertem Abbrand oder auch ungewollten Anlagerungen besteht, die besonders deshalb auch nachteilig sind, da sie sich in unmittelbarer Nähe der Abspritzöffnung befinden, so dass es zu unerwünschten Strahlbildveränderungen kommen kann.From the US 6,536,405 Bi already a fuel injection valve with integrated ignition device having a first pair of electrodes for igniting injected directly into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine through a spray hole in the valve body of the fuel injection valve known fuel Also, a housing body isolated from the valve body and an ignition electrode connected to the housing body are provided. In this case, a sparkover over a spark gap between the valve body and the respective ignition electrode is generated. The ignition electrode and the valve body are shaped so that the sparkover occurs between the combustion chamber facing the end face of the valve body and the ignition electrode. The ignition electrode is either pin-shaped or wire-shaped or ring-shaped. The ignition electrodes are aligned or provided with edges in the vicinity of the injection orifice in order to reproducibly fix the position of the flashover on the end face of the valve body with respect to the position of the injection orifice. As the spark plug injector Kambination the fuel injection valve and the ignition device are arranged in a common housing Since the spark gaps are directly between the ignition electrodes and the valve body, in particular the valve body is exposed to extreme stresses on its face, over the life of a high risk of uncontrolled burnup or unwanted deposits, which are particularly disadvantageous because they are in the immediate vicinity of the injection orifice, so that it can lead to undesirable changes in the beam pattern.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit integrierter Zündvorrichtung mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß das Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisch wesentlich schneller vollständig gezündet werden kann. Durch die dadurch wesentlich schneller ablaufende Gesamtverbrennung wird der Wirkungsgrad erhöht. Außerdem werden ausgemagerte Endbereiche des Sprays vermieden, wodurch eine geringere Spreizung des Lambda-Bereichs des Sprays mit der Konsequenz reduzierter Kohlenwasserstoffemissionen erreicht wird. Im weiteren ist bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit integrierter Zündvorrichtung eine höhere Abgasrückführrate und/oder ein magerer Schichtbetrieb mit der Konsequenz reduzierter Stickoxidemissionen möglich.The fuel injection valve according to the invention with integrated ignition device with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that the fuel-air mixture can be completely ignited much faster. Due to the resulting significantly faster overall combustion of the efficiency is increased. In addition, bulky end portions of the spray are avoided, thereby achieving less spread of the lambda range of the spray with the consequence of reduced hydrocarbon emissions. Furthermore, in the fuel injection valve according to the invention with integrated ignition device, a higher exhaust gas recirculation rate and / or a leaner shift operation with the consequence of reduced nitrogen oxide emissions is possible.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterentwicklungen des im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Brennstoffeinspritzventils mit integrierter Zündvorrichtung möglich.The measures listed in the dependent claims advantageous developments of the fuel injection valve specified in the main claim are possible with integrated ignition device.

Vorteilhafterweise sind die Elektrodenpaare so angeordnet, daß die Funkenstrecken gleichmäßig um die Abspritzöffnungen verteilt sind und/oder die Funkenstrecken auf einem Kreis um die Abspritzöffnungen herum angeordnet sind. Dadurch wird das Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisch gleichmäßig gezündet, und das Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisch kann gleichmäßig und homogen im Brennraum abbrennen. Die Zeit zur vollständigen Zündung des gesamten Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches im Brennraum wird minimiert.Advantageously, the pairs of electrodes are arranged so that the spark gaps are distributed uniformly around the spray-discharge openings and / or the spark gaps are arranged on a circle around the spray-discharge openings. As a result, the fuel-air mixture is ignited uniformly, and the fuel-air mixture can burn evenly and homogeneously in the combustion chamber. The time for complete ignition of the entire fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber is minimized.

Von Vorteil ist es außerdem, das Gehäuse aus einem elektrisch leitenden Material, insbesondere Metall, zu fertigen. Das Gehäuse kann dadurch als elektrischer Pol bzw. als Massenelektrode für die Elektrodenpaare verwendet werden.It is also advantageous to manufacture the housing from an electrically conductive material, in particular metal. The housing can thereby be used as an electrical pole or as a ground electrode for the electrode pairs.

Durch eine Länge der Funkenstrecke von nur 50 bis 300 Mikrometern kann die Zündspannung klein gewählt werden. Außerdem kann die Dicke der Isolierkörper kleiner gewählt werden.By a length of the spark gap of only 50 to 300 micrometers, the ignition voltage can be selected small. In addition, the thickness of the insulator can be made smaller.

Vorteilhaft ist es zudem, in das gemeinsame Gehäuse einen Drucksensor und/oder einen Temperatursensor zu integrieren. Zustände im Brennraum können so ohne großen Aufwand verfolgt werden. Außerdem sind keine zusätzlichen Öffnungen in den Brennraum erforderlich, die für externe Sensoren nötig wären.It is also advantageous to integrate in the common housing a pressure sensor and / or a temperature sensor. States in the combustion chamber can be tracked so easily. In addition, no additional openings in the combustion chamber are required, which would be necessary for external sensors.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen schematischen Schnitt durch ein Beispiel eines Brennstoffeinspritzventils ohne integrierte Zündvorrichtung,
Fig. 2
einen schematischen Schnitt durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils mit integrierter Zündvorrichtung im abspritzseitigen Bereich und
Fig. 3
eine Draufsicht auf das abspritzseitige Ende des erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils mit integrierter Zündvorrichtung.
An embodiment of the invention is shown in simplified form in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematic section through an example of a fuel injection valve without integrated ignition device,
Fig. 2
a schematic section through an embodiment of the fuel injection valve according to the invention with integrated ignition device in the discharge side region and
Fig. 3
a plan view of the discharge-side end of the fuel injection valve according to the invention with integrated ignition device.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

Nachfolgend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung beispielhaft beschrieben. Übereinstimmende Bauteile sind dabei mit übereinstimmenden Bezugszeichen versehen.Hereinafter, an embodiment of the invention will be described by way of example. Matching components are provided with matching reference numerals.

Bevor anhand der Figuren 2 und 3 ein bevorzugtes erfindungsgemäßes Ausführungsbeispiel näher beschrieben wird, soll zum besseren Verständnis der Erfindung zunächst anhand von Fig. 1 ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil ohne integrierte Zündvorrichtung bezüglich seiner wesentlichen Bauteile kurz erläutert werden. In der Fig. 2 eingezeichnete Pfeile geben den Verlauf der Flammenfront des gezündeten Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches im Brennraum wieder.Before using the FIGS. 2 and 3 a preferred embodiment of the invention will be described in more detail, is to better understand the invention first with reference to Fig. 1 a fuel injector without integrated ignition device are briefly explained with respect to its essential components. In the Fig. 2 drawn arrows show the course of the flame front of the ignited fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber.

Ein in Fig. 1 dargestelltes Beispiel eines Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 ohne integrierte Zündvorrichtung ist in der Form eines Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von gemischverdichtenden, fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschinen ausgeführt. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 eignet sich insbesondere zum direkten Einspritzen von Brennstoff in einen nicht dargestellten Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine.An in Fig. 1 shown example of a fuel injection valve 1 without integrated ignition device is designed in the form of a fuel injection valve 1 for fuel injection systems of mixture-compression, spark-ignition internal combustion engines. The fuel injection valve 1 is suitable in particular for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine.

Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 ohne integrierte Zündvorrichtung besteht aus einem Düsenkörper 2, in welchem eine Ventilnadel 3 angeordnet ist. Die Ventilnadel 3 weist abspritzseitig einen Ventilschließkörper 4 auf, der mit einer auf einem Ventilsitzkörper 5 angeordneten Ventilsitzfläche 6 zu einem Dichtsitz zusammenwirkt. Bei dem Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 handelt es sich im Ausführungsbeispiel um ein nach innen öffnendes Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1, welches über eine Abspritzöffnung 7 verfügt. Der Düsenkörper 2 ist durch eine Dichtung 8 gegen einen Außenpol 9 einer Magnetspule 10 abgedichtet. Die Magnetspule 10 ist in einem Spulengehäuse 11 gekapselt und auf einen Spulenträger 12 gewickelt, welcher an einem Innenpol 13 der Magnetspule 10 anliegt. Der Innenpol 13 und der Außenpol 9 sind durch einen Abstand 26 voneinander getrennt und miteinander durch ein nicht ferromagnetisches Verbindungsbauteil 29 verbunden. Die Magnetspule 10 wird über eine elektrische Leitung 19 von einem über einen elektrischen Steckkontakt 17 zuführbaren elektrischen Strom erregt. Der Steckkontakt 17 ist von einer Kunststoffummantelung 18 umgeben, die am Innenpol 13 angespritzt sein kann.The fuel injection valve 1 without integrated ignition device consists of a nozzle body 2, in which a valve needle 3 is arranged. The valve needle 3 has the discharge side a valve closing body 4 which cooperates with a arranged on a valve seat body 5 valve seat surface 6 to a sealing seat. The fuel injection valve 1 in the exemplary embodiment is an inwardly opening fuel injection valve 1 which has an injection opening 7. The nozzle body 2 is sealed by a seal 8 against an outer pole 9 of a magnetic coil 10. The magnetic coil 10 is encapsulated in a coil housing 11 and wound on a bobbin 12, which rests against an inner pole 13 of the magnetic coil 10. The inner pole 13 and the outer pole 9 are separated by a distance 26 and connected to each other by a non-ferromagnetic connecting member 29. The magnetic coil 10 is energized via an electrical line 19 from a via an electrical plug contact 17 can be supplied electric current. The plug contact 17 is of a Surround plastic casing 18, which may be molded on the inner pole 13.

Die Ventilnadel 3 ist in einer Ventilnadelführung 14 geführt, welche scheibenförmig ausgeführt ist. Zur Hubeinstellung dient eine zugepaarte Einstellscheibe 15. An der anderen Seite der Einstellscheibe 15 befindet sich der Anker 20. Dieser steht über einen ersten Flansch 21 mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Verbindung, welche durch eine Schweißnaht 22 mit dem ersten Flansch 21 verbunden ist. Auf dem ersten Flansch 21 stützt sich eine spiralförmige Rückstellfeder 23 ab, welche in der vorliegenden Bauform des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 durch eine Hülse 24 auf Vorspannung gebracht wird.The valve needle 3 is guided in a valve needle guide 14, which is designed disk-shaped. On the other side of the shim 15 is the armature 20. This is connected via a first flange 21 with the valve needle 3 in connection, which is connected by a weld 22 with the first flange 21. On the first flange 21, a helical return spring 23 is supported, which is brought in the present design of the fuel injection valve 1 by a sleeve 24 to bias.

In der Ventilnadelführung 14, im Anker 20 und an einem Führungselement 36 verlaufen Brennstoffkanäle 30, 31 und 32. Der Brennstoff wird über eine zentrale Brennstoffzufuhr 16 zugeführt und durch ein Filterelement 25 gefiltert. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 ist durch einen Gummiring 28 gegen eine nicht weiter dargestellte Brennstoffverteilerleitung und durch eine Dichtung 37 gegen einen nicht weiter dargestellten Zylinderkopf abgedichtet.In the valve needle guide 14, in the armature 20 and on a guide element 36 extend fuel channels 30, 31 and 32. The fuel is supplied via a central fuel supply 16 and filtered by a filter element 25. The fuel injection valve 1 is sealed by a rubber ring 28 against a fuel distributor line, not shown, and by a seal 37 against a cylinder head, not shown.

An der abspritzseitigen Seite des Ankers 20 ist ein ringförmiges Dämpfungselement 33, welches aus einem Elastomerwerkstoff besteht, angeordnet. Es liegt auf einem zweiten Flansch 34 auf, welcher über eine Schweißnaht 35 stoffschlüssig mit der Ventilnadel 3 verbunden ist.On the discharge side of the armature 20, an annular damping element 33, which consists of an elastomer material, arranged. It rests on a second flange 34, which is materially connected to the valve needle 3 via a weld seam 35.

Im Ruhezustand des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 wird der Anker 20 von der Rückstellfeder 23 entgegen seiner Hubrichtung so beaufschlagt, daß der Ventilschließkörper 4 an der Ventilsitzfläche 6 in dichtender Anlage gehalten wird. Bei Erregung der Magnetspule 10 baut diese ein Magnetfeld auf, welches den Anker 20 entgegen der Federkraft der Rückstellfeder 23 in Hubrichtung bewegt, wobei der Hub durch einen in der Ruhestellung zwischen dem Innenpol 12 und dem Anker 20 befindlichen Arbeitsspalt 27 vorgegeben ist.In the idle state of the fuel injection valve 1, the armature 20 is acted upon by the return spring 23 against its stroke direction so that the valve closing body 4 is held on the valve seat surface 6 in sealing engagement. Upon energization of the solenoid coil 10, this builds up a magnetic field, which moves the armature 20 against the spring force of the return spring 23 in the stroke direction, wherein the stroke is determined by a located in the rest position between the inner pole 12 and the armature 20 working gap 27.

Der Anker 20 nimmt den ersten Flansch 21, welcher mit der Ventilnadel 3 verschweißt ist, ebenfalls in Hubrichtung mit. Der mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Verbindung stehende Ventilschließkörper 4 hebt von der Ventilsitzfläche 6 ab, und der druckbehaftet zugeführte Brennstoff wird durch die Abspritzöffnung 7 in den nicht dargestellten Brennraum abgespritzt.The armature 20 takes the first flange 21, which is welded to the valve needle 3, also in the stroke direction with. The standing with the valve needle 3 in connection valve closing body 4 lifts from the valve seat surface 6, and the pressurized supplied fuel is sprayed through the injection opening 7 in the combustion chamber, not shown.

Wird der Spulenstrom abgeschaltet, fällt der Anker 20 nach genügendem Abbau des Magnetfeldes durch den Druck der Rückstellfeder 23 vom Innenpol 13 ab, wodurch sich der mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Verbindung stehende erste Flansch 21 entgegen der Hubrichtung bewegt. Die Ventilnadel 3 wird dadurch in die gleiche Richtung bewegt, wodurch der Ventilschließkörper 4 auf der Ventilsitzfläche 6 aufsetzt und das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 geschlossen wird.If the coil current is turned off, the armature 20 drops after sufficient degradation of the magnetic field by the pressure of the return spring 23 from the inner pole 13, whereby the valve connected to the needle 3 in communication first flange 21 moves against the stroke direction. The valve needle 3 is thereby moved in the same direction, whereby the valve closing body 4 touches on the valve seat surface 6 and the fuel injection valve 1 is closed.

Fig. 2 zeigt einen schematischen Schnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 mit integrierter Zündvorrichtung im abspritzseitigen Bereich. Das dargestellte Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 ist als Mehrlochventil ausgeführt und öffnet nach innen. Die integrierte Zündvorrichtung weist zwei Elektrodenpaare auf. Ein erstes Elektrodenpaar besteht aus einer ersten Massenelektrode 38 und einer ersten Mittelelektrode 39. Ein zweites Elektrodenpaar besteht aus einer zweiten Massenelektrode 44 und einer zweiten Mittelelektrode 45. Fig. 2 shows a schematic section through an inventive embodiment of a fuel injection valve 1 with integrated igniter in the discharge side region. The illustrated fuel injection valve 1 is designed as a multi-hole valve and opens inwards. The integrated igniter has two pairs of electrodes. A first electrode pair consists of a first ground electrode 38 and a first center electrode 39. A second pair of electrodes consists of a second ground electrode 44 and a second center electrode 45.

Der zylindrische Düsenkörper 2 des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 verläuft im hohlzylindrischen Gehäuse 40 passgenau und schließt seitlich abspritzseitig mit dem abspritzseitigen Ende des Gehäuses 40 ab. Im Gehäuse 40 sind ein erster hohlzylindrischer Isolierkörper 42, in dem die erste Mittelektrode 39 verläuft, und ein zweiter hohlzylindrischer Isolierkörper 47, in dem die zweite Mittelektrode 45 verläuft, angeordnet. Die Isolierkörper 42, 47 bestehen beispielsweise aus einem keramischen Material. Beispielsweise können der Düsenkörper 2 und das Gehäuse 40 in anderen Ausführungsbeispielen einstückig ausgeführt sein. Die beiden Isolierkörper 42, 47 ragen etwas über das abspritzseitige Ende des Gehäuse 40 hinaus. Dies dient insbesondere zur Unterbindung von Kriechströmen zwischen den Elektroden.The cylindrical nozzle body 2 of the fuel injection valve 1 extends in a perfectly fitting hollow cylindrical housing 40 and closes off laterally with the injection-side end of the housing 40. In the housing 40, a first hollow cylindrical insulator 42, in which the first center electrode 39 extends, and a second hollow cylindrical insulator 47, in which the second center electrode 45 extends, are arranged. The insulating body 42, 47 consist for example of a ceramic material. For example, the nozzle body 2 and the housing 40 be made in one piece in other embodiments. The two insulating body 42, 47 protrude slightly beyond the discharge-side end of the housing 40. This serves in particular to prevent leakage currents between the electrodes.

Aus den beiden Isolierkörpern 42, 47 treten abspritzseitig die beiden Mittelelektroden 39, 45 zunächst koaxial zur Mittelachse des jeweiligen Isolierkörpers 42, 47 aus, um nach kurzer Strecke etwa rechtwinklig dazu zu verlaufen. Die beiden Massenelektroden 38, 44 sind an gegenüberliegenden Seiten der Abspritzöffnungen 7 durch eine Schweißung im Bereich des äußeren Rands der abspritzseitigen Seite des Gehäuses 40 elektrisch leitend befestigt. Sie verlaufen ausgehend vom Gehäuse 40 zuerst parallel zu dem Verlauf der jeweils zugeordneten Mittelelektroden 39, 45, um auf gleicher Höhe wie die Mittelelektroden 39, 45 rechtwinklig abzuknicken. Die Enden der jeweiligen Mittelektroden 39, 45 und die Enden der jeweiligen Massenelektroden 38, 44 liegen sich gegenüber und sind durch in Fig. 3 näher dargestellte Funkenstrecken 41, 46 beabstandet.From the two insulating bodies 42, 47 discharge side, the two center electrodes 39, 45 initially coaxial with the central axis of the respective insulating body 42, 47 to extend after a short distance approximately at right angles to it. The two ground electrodes 38, 44 are fixed electrically conductively on opposite sides of the ejection openings 7 by welding in the region of the outer edge of the ejection-side side of the housing 40. Starting from the housing 40, they first run parallel to the course of the respective associated central electrodes 39, 45 in order to bend at right angles at the same height as the central electrodes 39, 45. The ends of the respective center electrodes 39, 45 and the ends of the respective ground electrodes 38, 44 face each other and are penetrated by Fig. 3 Sparks shown in detail 41, 46 spaced.

Durch die Pfeile angedeutet, entzündet sich der als Spray 43 aus den mehreren Abspritzöffnungen 7 austretende Brennstoff an den beiden Funkenstrecken 41, 46. Der Rand des Sprays 43 bzw. die Funkenstrecken 41, 46 sind dabei so angeordnet, daß das Spray 43 möglichst dicht an den Funkenstrecken 41, 46 vorbei strömt ohne diese dabei direkt zu treffen oder mit Brennstoff zu benetzen. Durch das in nur kurzem Abstand vorbei strömende Spray 43 wird außerdem eine sog. "Entrainment-Strömung" erzeugt, die den Zündfunken aus der jeweiligen Funkenstrecke 41, 46 auslenkt und dadurch das Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisch zuverlässig zündet. Da sich die Funkenstrecken 41, 46 an gegenüberliegenden Seiten der Abspritzöffnungen 7 befinden, breiten sich zwei Flammenfronten im nicht dargestellten Brennraum aus, die zuerst voneinander weg gerichtet sind, dann zu einem nicht dargestellten Kolbenboden verlaufen und schließlich dort aufeinander zu laufen.Indicated by the arrows, ignited as a spray 43 from the plurality of ejection openings 7 fuel at the two spark gaps 41, 46. The edge of the spray 43 and the spark gaps 41, 46 are arranged so that the spray 43 as close as possible the spark gaps 41, 46 flows past without this directly meet or wet with fuel. By virtue of the spray 43 flowing in only a short distance, a so-called "entrainment flow" is also generated, which deflects the ignition spark from the respective spark gap 41, 46 and thereby reliably ignites the fuel-air mixture. Since the spark gaps 41, 46 are located on opposite sides of the injection openings 7, two flame fronts spread in the combustion chamber, not shown, which are first directed away from each other, then run to a piston bottom, not shown, and finally run there to each other.

Die Zeit zur vollständigen Zündung des Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches im nicht dargestellten Brennraum wird dadurch nahezu halbiert. Die beiden Funkenstrecken 41, 46 werden dabei gleichzeitig gezündet, wobei eine zeitlich versetzte Zündung denkbar ist, um beispielsweise unterschiedliche Laufzeiten der beiden Flammenfronten bei nicht symmetrischen Brennraumgeometrien zu berücksichtigen. Ebenso kann dies notwendig werden, wenn das erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 nicht zentral in einem nicht dargestellten Brennraumdach angeordnet ist.The time for complete ignition of the fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber, not shown, is thereby almost halved. The two spark gaps 41, 46 are ignited simultaneously, with a time-offset ignition is conceivable, for example, to consider different maturities of the two flame fronts in non-symmetrical combustion chamber geometries. Likewise, this may be necessary if the fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention is not arranged centrally in a combustion chamber roof, not shown.

Radial im Bereich des abspritzseitigen Endes des Gehäuses 40 sind ein Temperatursensor 49 und ein Drucksensor 48 in das Gehäuse 40 eingebracht.Radially in the region of the discharge-side end of the housing 40, a temperature sensor 49 and a pressure sensor 48 are introduced into the housing 40.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf das abspritzseitige Ende des erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 mit integrierter Zündvorrichtung. Deutlich sichtbar sind die Funkenstrecken 41, 46 an gegenüberliegenden Seiten der Abspritzöffnungen 7 angeordnet. In anderen erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispielen können auch mehr als zwei Funkenstrecken 41, 46 um die Abspritzöffnungen 7 angeordnet sein, wobei diese dann beispielsweise gleichmäßig und kreisförmig um die Abspritzöffnungen 7 angeordnet sind. Das Ende der ersten Mittelektrode 39 und das Ende der ersten Massenelektrode 38 sind aufeinander zu gerichtet. Das Ende der zweiten Mittelektrode 45 und das Ende der zweiten Massenelektrode 44 sind ebenso aufeinander zu gerichtet. Die Flächen der Enden der jeweiligen aufeinander zu gerichteten Elektroden 38, 39, 44, 45 verlaufen zueinander parallel. Fig. 3 shows a plan view of the discharge-side end of the fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention with integrated ignition device. The spark gaps 41, 46 are clearly visible on opposite sides of the spray-discharge openings 7. In other embodiments of the invention, more than two spark gaps 41, 46 may be arranged around the ejection openings 7, which are then arranged, for example, uniformly and in a circle around the ejection openings 7. The end of the first center electrode 39 and the end of the first ground electrode 38 face each other. The end of the second center electrode 45 and the end of the second ground electrode 44 are also directed toward each other. The surfaces of the ends of the respective electrodes 38, 39, 44, 45 facing each other run parallel to each other.

Die Abstände der Enden der jeweiligen Elektrodenpaare betragen vorteilhafterweise nur 50 bis 300 Mikrometer. Die Höhe der Zündspannung kann dadurch abgesenkt und die Dicke der Isolierkörper 42, 47 verringert werden, ohne die Zuverlässigkeit des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 mit integrierter Zündvorrichtung zu beeinträchtigen, da das vorbei strömende Spray 43 die sog. "Entrainment-Strömung" erzeugt, die den nur kurzen Zündfunken auslenkt und in das Spray hineinzieht.The spacings of the ends of the respective electrode pairs are advantageously only 50 to 300 micrometers. The height of the ignition voltage can be lowered thereby and the thickness of the insulating body 42, 47 can be reduced without compromising the reliability of the fuel injection valve 1 with integrated ignition device, since the spray 43 flowing past the so-called "Entrainment-flow" generated, which deflects the only short spark and pulls into the spray.

Die Zündung der beiden Funkenstrecken 41, 46 kann entweder über eine nicht dargestellte einzelne Zündspule durch Hintereinanderschalten, wobei dann eine der beiden Massenelektroden 38, 44 isoliert montiert oder durchgeführt werden muß, oder durch eine Doppelfunkenspule erfolgen.The ignition of the two spark gaps 41, 46 can either through a single ignition coil, not shown, connected in series, in which case one of the two ground electrodes 38, 44 must be mounted isolated or performed, or carried out by a double spark coil.

Die Zündung von mehr als zwei Funkenstrecken 41, 46 (n = Anzahl der Funkenstrecken) kann entweder über eine einzelne Zündspule durch Hintereinanderschaltung, wobei dann die Massenelektroden von n-1 Funkenstrecken isoliert montiert oder durchgeführt werden, oder durch Anwendung einer oder mehrerer Doppelfunkenspulen oder einer Kombination von Doppelfunkenspulen und Einzelzündspulen erfolgen.The ignition of more than two spark gaps 41, 46 (n = number of spark gaps) can be either via a single ignition coil connected in series, then the ground electrodes of n-1 spark gaps isolated mounted or performed, or by using one or more double spark coils or a Combination of double spark coils and single ignition coils.

Das beschriebene Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 mit integrierter Zündvorrichtung läßt sich als Baueinheit mit einer oder mehreren in Achsrichtung dahinter angeordneten Zündspulen oder einer dahinter angeordneten Zündspule zusätzlich kombinieren.The described fuel injection valve 1 with integrated ignition device can be additionally combined as a structural unit with one or more ignition coils arranged behind it in the axial direction or an ignition coil arranged behind it.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt und kann z.B. auch für nach außen öffnende oder drallerzeugende Brennstoffeinspritzventile 1 mit integrierter Zündvorrichtung verwendet werden.The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments and may be e.g. also be used for outward opening or spin-generating fuel injection valves 1 with integrated igniter.

Die Merkmale der Beschreibung und der Zeichnung können in beliebiger Weise miteinander kombiniert werden.The features of the description and the drawing can be combined in any manner.

Claims (10)

  1. Fuel injection valve (1) having an integrated ignition device with a first electrode pair (38, 39) for igniting fuel which is injected directly into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine through ejection openings (7) of the fuel injection valve (1), with the electrode pair (38, 39) being composed of an earth electrode (38) and a central electrode (39) which are spaced apart by a spark path (41), and with the fuel injection valve (1) and the ignition device (38, 39, 41, 42) being arranged in a common housing (40),
    characterized
    in that the ignition device (38, 39, 41, 42) has at least one further electrode pair (44, 45) having a further spark path (46), with the second electrode pair (44, 45) also being formed by a second earth electrode (44) and a second central electrode (45) and with the first central electrode (39) running in a first hollow cylindrical insulating body (42) and the second central electrode (45) running in a second hollow cylindrical insulating body (47).
  2. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1,
    characterized
    in that the electrode pairs (38, 39, 44, 45) are arranged such that the spark paths (41, 46) are distributed uniformly around the ejection openings (7).
  3. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1 or 2,
    characterized
    in that the spark paths (41, 46) are arranged on a circle around the ejection openings (7).
  4. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 3,
    characterized
    in that the ejection openings (7) are arranged centrally within the circle.
  5. Fuel injection valve according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that the housing (40) is composed of an electrically conductive material, in particular metal.
  6. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 5,
    characterized
    in that the earth electrodes (38, 44) of the electrode pairs (38, 39, 44, 45) are in good electrically conductive contact with the housing (40).
  7. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 5 or 6,
    characterized
    in that the earth electrodes (38, 44) are joined to the housing (40) in a cohesive manner, in particular by means of welding or laser welding.
  8. Fuel injection valve according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that the spark paths (41, 46) are between 50 micrometres and 300 micrometres long.
  9. Fuel injection valve according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that the electrodes (38, 39, 44, 45) are composed at least partially of platinum.
  10. Fuel injection valve according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that a pressure sensor (48) and/or a temperature sensor (49) for pressure measurement and/or temperature measurement in the combustion chamber are/is integrated into the housing (40).
EP05726241A 2004-05-18 2005-03-18 Fuel injection valve with an integrated igniting device Expired - Fee Related EP1751422B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102004024535A DE102004024535A1 (en) 2004-05-18 2004-05-18 Fuel injection valve with integrated ignition device
PCT/EP2005/051262 WO2005113975A1 (en) 2004-05-18 2005-03-18 Fuel injection valve with an integrated igniting device

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EP1751422A1 EP1751422A1 (en) 2007-02-14
EP1751422B1 true EP1751422B1 (en) 2008-06-11

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US (1) US20080072871A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1751422B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4243629B2 (en)
DE (2) DE102004024535A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2005113975A1 (en)

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US6557508B2 (en) * 2000-12-18 2003-05-06 Savage Enterprises, Inc. Robust torch jet spark plug electrode
DE10159909A1 (en) * 2001-12-06 2003-06-18 Bosch Gmbh Robert The fuel injector-spark plug combination
DE10159908A1 (en) * 2001-12-06 2003-06-18 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection valve ignition plug combination for direct injection into an IC engine, has injection valve and plug insulator fixed in common connecting body arranged outside cylinder head
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP4243629B2 (en) 2009-03-25
JP2006524781A (en) 2006-11-02
DE102004024535A1 (en) 2005-12-15
DE502005004411D1 (en) 2008-07-24
EP1751422A1 (en) 2007-02-14
WO2005113975A1 (en) 2005-12-01
US20080072871A1 (en) 2008-03-27

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