EP1741547B1 - Membrane press - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a membrane press, which has at least one support frame, wherein a membrane with its edge region on retaining elements on the support frame can be fixed or detachable from this, wherein the holding elements are designed such that the membrane is tool-free fixable and detachable.

Such membrane presses, in particular laminators, are known.

The DE 30 17 273 discloses a membrane molding press having a pressure chamber open to one side, with a membrane loosely covering the open side of the pressure chamber when the press is open, which is fixed to the outside of the pressure chamber. The membrane molding press has a counter-plate opposite the open side of the pressure chamber and a drive for non-positive juxtaposition of counter-plate and pressure chamber. Further, the membrane press on a means for applying the limited by the membrane and the pressure chamber with the press closed working space with pressurized fluid. The outside of the pressure chamber carries a membrane tensioning device acting on the membrane.

The DE 38 27 497 A1 relates to a device for coating three-dimensional bodies with a film, with a table for the exclusion of a body to be coated, a body-lowerable pressure pad with a membrane, which is held in a box-shaped, bottom open carrier, and a disposed below the membrane, The outline of the body by far the following clamping frame for clamping the film. The box-shaped support consists of a heatable base plates and a vertically movable with respect to this, holding the membrane support frame.

The DE 103 23 772 B3 discloses a method and an apparatus for three-dimensional film coating of flat workpieces with residual films. The device consists of a press with an upper and a lower press table and a divided by an inserted divider bar in working frame and rest frame lower frame and a top frame, which is located above the remaining film on the working frame. A cover membrane overlying the residual frame on each of its edges and the lower frame. The upper frame holds the remaining film and the cover membrane clamped. The side of the press tables, the cover membrane is arranged, which is executed between them to above the divider bar insertable and forming an overlap with the free edge of the remainder of the film. Above this, in the inserted state of the cover membrane, a displaceable strip is arranged which divides the upper frame and which covers, holds and seals the overlap.

Accordingly, membrane holders are known in which the membrane is clamped at its peripheral edge continuously behind terminal strips, which are fixed for example with screws. In the operation of membrane presses or laminators relatively frequently due change of the membrane are disadvantageously extensive installation work with a relatively large amount of time required because a corresponding number of screw connections must be solved and screwed after removing the old membrane and inserting the new membrane again. Such a change is necessary in practice about every two weeks.

But membrane presses are also known which have heating plates on which components to be laminated, for example furniture parts, rest. Above this, a membrane is arranged, which is held at its edges via terminal strips by means of screw terminals. The terminal strips have on their back to the rear and bottom running bends, with which they are hung on the support frame. The support frame is vertically movable to clamp the membrane for the operation of the membrane press and to relax for a change of the membrane. Disadvantageously, however, the membrane must be prefabricated outside the membrane press by the terminal strips are attached in advance to the membrane. Thereafter, the membrane including the attached on the four sides of the membrane terminal strips must be stirred into the membrane press. This is relatively difficult because of the large areas and relatively high weight of the diaphragm and terminal strips.

A disadvantage of the known prior art is further that the membrane has perforations at its edge to pass, for example, the screws through these perforations. However, these perforations weaken the membrane at its edge, so that the perforations are often the starting point of cracks, which can destroy the membrane completely.

In the DE-U-87 17 321 is a press according to the preamble of claims 1 and 4 described with a tensionable membrane, which is held in membrane clamps. For the exact execution and function of the terminals nothing is stated in this publication. From the figures pins or mandrels are visible in the terminals, which protrude slightly into the membrane. It is expected that a tool for attaching and detaching the membrane is required.

The US-A-6 120 238 describes a drawing bar in which an edge of a flexible web is clamped by means of a pinch roller lying in the drawing bar, and then by means of the draw bar to pull the web with a load on the ground. It is therefore about the transport of a load. In addition, a single long, over the entire edge length of only one edge of the web reaching drawing bar is provided with an equally long pinch roller, whereby a smooth, wrinkle-free course of a membrane in practice can not be produced.

In the not pre-published EP-A-1 609 597 is mentioned a tool-free clamping a membrane on a membrane frame. However, no concrete solution is given for achieving this.

The invention has for its object to improve a membrane press of the type mentioned in that a high life of the membrane is achieved and that a membrane change is so easy to carry out that a considerable time savings.

According to the invention the object is achieved by a membrane press having the features of claim 1. The object is achieved by a membrane press with the features of claim 4.

Due to the inventive design of the holding elements is advantageously achieved that in a due change of the membrane, which usually or in practice about every two weeks must be performed, or in a first insertion of the membrane in the membrane press, the membrane without tools manually from the Retaining elements is releasable and can be fixed again without the use of additional tools. The membrane can initially be inserted into the membrane press to set it free of the holding elements according to the invention. Thereafter, then a single operator around little by little, the holding elements with the membrane edge without tools use very quickly engage. As a result, a considerable saving of time is achieved in which has surprisingly been found that the membrane change with the holding elements according to the invention takes only about a quarter of the time as in a conventional holder with a variety of screws using an additional tool, such as a wrench , must be solved or tightened.

A first development of the membrane press according to claim 1 provides that the holding elements a cross bar have, on both sides of each a clamping web is arranged, wherein viewed in cross section, the clamping webs are oriented with their free end away from the crosspiece obliquely oriented towards each other, so that an opposite crosspiece to the opening is formed, which is tapered in the direction of the crosspiece extended, wherein the clamping bolt is disposed in a clamping position in the vicinity of the free ends between the membrane and a contact surface opposite the clamping surface, so that the membrane is fixed non-positively, and wherein the clamping bolt from the clamping position in the direction of the crosspiece can be raised, so that the membrane is dissolved.

An alternative embodiment provides that the holding elements have a transverse web which is rigidly connected at its one side directly to the support frame and at the other side a clamping web is arranged, seen in cross-section of the clamping web with its free end in the direction of the Quersteg away obliquely oriented to a clamping web facing the clamping surface of the support frame to extend, so that a transverse web to the opposite opening is formed, which widens conically in the direction of the crosspiece, wherein the clamping bolt in a clamping position in the vicinity of the free end between the membrane and a bearing surface lying opposite the clamping surface is arranged, so that as a diaphragm is fixed non-positively, and wherein the clamping bolt from the clamping position in the direction of the crosspiece can be raised, so that the membrane is released.

In the two aforementioned advantageous embodiment, the membrane can be easily inserted with its edge through the opening in the holding element according to the invention, wherein the clamping bolt manually by an operator or solely by the insertion of the membrane edge is raised. If the membrane is inserted with its edge sufficiently far into the retaining element, the operator can release the clamping bolt, so that it comes to rest between the membrane and the contact surface on one of the clamping webs. As a result, the membrane is fixed non-positively on the clamping surface of the clamping bar opposite thereto by a self-clamping effect of the clamping bolt. In this case, the operator can circumferentially connect the holding elements, which are selectively applied in a preferred embodiment, as far as the holding elements are distributed over the circumference of the membrane at intervals, with the membrane edge. If the support frame is moved along a tensioning direction, the clamping bolt moves further in the direction of the opening, so that the diaphragm is held in a force-fitting manner sufficiently firmly by the retaining element, the self-clamping effect of the clamping bolt being reinforced.

To release the membrane from the holding element according to the invention, the support frame is moved opposite, so that relaxes the membrane. Thereafter, the operator can now just around the respective clamping bolt simply lift out of the clamping position in the direction of the crosspiece, so that the membrane is easily and without the use of an additional tool from each support member is releasable. It may happen that the clamping bolt in the relaxed position of the membrane is fixed so that it must be solved for example by means of a light impact; However, this does not change the fact that a considerable saving of time is achieved when the membrane has to be replaced, since the application of a light impact is not as time-consuming as, for example, a rotating loosening of screws.

For embodiments of the membrane press according to claim 4, the membrane edge is serrated or serrated, wherein the individual teeth or prongs are adapted to the buckle-like retaining element. Here, the operator must simply insert the edge of the membrane or its teeth or prongs in the buckle or the buckle-like element, with a non-positive connection can be achieved.

Advantageously, in all embodiments of the retaining elements according to the invention can be dispensed with a perforation of the membrane at its edge, so that a destruction of the membrane, which can be caused for example by outgoing from the holes cracks, is avoided.

So that the membrane is held sufficiently uniformly, the holding elements engage distributed over the circumference of the edge region on the membrane, and form a holding element row. For this purpose, the support frame can be designed circumferentially continuous or divided into sections.

In order to achieve that the holding elements are flexible at least for connecting the membrane to the holding elements, it is advantageously provided for the embodiments other than claim 3 that the holding elements are associated with suspension elements, which are arranged between the holding elements and the support frame. This is advantageously achieved that the holding elements are not rigidly connected to the support frame in the relaxed position of the membrane, but are three-dimensionally movable, so that an even easier connection or introduction of the membrane results in the holding elements according to the invention.

Alternatively or additionally, the holding elements may be associated with spring elements which are arranged between the holding element and the support frame. Hereby, a particularly uniform introduction of the clamping force into the membrane is achieved over the circumference of the membrane. The spring elements are beispiel.al coil springs.

In order for the membrane to function effectively, it must be stretched in its working position so that it forms a smooth surface, so that a sufficiently good production result of the membrane press or the laminator is achieved. Appropriately in the context of the invention is therefore intended that the support frame is associated with at least one adjusting means with which the support frame along the clamping direction is adjustable. Thus, the support frame from a relaxed position in which the membrane is easily connectable to the holding elements, in a tensioned position in which the membrane is tightened in its surface, be moved.

Favorable in terms of a simple design is when the adjusting means is manually operable, wherein the adjusting means may be embodied for example as a spindle.

Appropriately, however, is also alternatively, if the adjusting means has a power drive, wherein the adjusting means is designed for example as a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder. Also, electrical adjustment means are conceivable.

For the embodiments with adjusting means is further proposed that the membrane can be acted upon by the adjusting means with a predetermined tensile stress, so that the membrane is continuously re-tensioned. As a result, elongations of the membrane occurring in practice over time or due to high temperatures can be compensated automatically, thereby always ensuring a desired smooth position of the membrane. If the adjusting means is e.g. designed as a pneumatic cylinder for lifting the support frame, this can be acted upon by a definable by a predetermined pneumatic pressure bias in the clamping direction, whereby the membrane is constantly tightened.

For easier connection of the edge region of the membrane with the respective holding elements is advantageously provided that the suspension elements, in particular with their bolts, are preferably mounted displaceably in a longitudinal direction of the support frame. For this purpose, a longitudinal slot is advantageously provided on an underside of the support frame, into which the suspension elements e.g. can be inserted through open end faces of the support frame. For height adjustment and sufficient tensile strength bearing of the bolt in the support frame, the bolt on the head side, a nut, which may be associated with a washer.

In one embodiment, the edge region of the membrane can be tensioned perpendicularly over the edges of a plate or a frame, with reference to a horizontal plane, resulting in a vertical clamping direction. The edges are expediently rounded to protect the membrane.

In order to reduce the influence of friction, the edge region of the membrane can also be tensioned at an acute angle (0 <α <90 °) with respect to the horizontal plane, resulting in a correspondingly inclined clamping direction.

Finally, the edge region of the membrane relative to the horizontal plane can also be tensioned running parallel to the horizontal plane, whereby harmful effects of friction on the membrane are avoided.

The invention also proposes for the membrane press, that a frame-shaped or plate-shaped membrane support is arranged directly above the membrane, that under the membrane peripherally a sealing frame is arranged, that the membrane support with the membrane on the one hand and the sealing frame on the other hand in their distance relative to each other are adjustable and that the diaphragm support and the sealing frame are clamped in a clamping position against each other. In this way, the membrane support with the membrane on the one hand and the sealing frame on the other hand can be set relative to each other under entrapment of the membrane. To re-tension or replace the membrane, the membrane support and the sealing frame are moved apart from their clamping position.

In a further development, it is provided that as a means for clamping the diaphragm support and sealing frame against each other several distributed over the circumference of the membrane press arranged, vertical tie rods are provided which can be brought with its lower end provided with hooks on the sealing frame in detachable engagement and the means each one provided at its upper end clamping lever in the vertical direction adjustable and can be fixed in a clamping position. In this way, a simple but reliable construction and ease of use achieved.

Overall, an improved membrane press is thus provided by the different advantageous embodiments of the invention, in which the membrane is detachable and fixable without tools. Thus, the usual membrane change, which in practice is e.g. has to be carried out in a laminator approximately every two weeks, in a much shorter time feasible, which has surprisingly been found that the membrane change with the holding elements described above takes only about a quarter of the time as in a conventional membrane holder with a Variety of screws.

Fig. 1

eine Membranpresse in einem Querschnitt,

Fig. 2

einen Ausschnitt aus Figur 1 in einer Seitenansicht mit einer Spindel,

Fig. 3

einen Ausschnitt aus Figur 1 in einer Seitenansicht mit einem Zylinder,

Fig. 4

eine Membranpresse im Querschnitt mit zwischengeschalteten Federelementen,

Fig. 5

einen Ausschnitt aus einer Doppelmembranpresse in einer Seitenansicht mit einer Spindel,

Fig. 6

einen Ausschnitt wie Figur 5 mit einem Zylinder,

Fig. 7

eine Doppelmembranpresse in einer Seitenansicht mit zwei Spindeln,

Fig. 8

eine Doppelmembranpresse in einer Seitenansicht mit zwei Zylindern,

Fig. 9

einen Tragrahmen einer Membranpresse, mit integrierten Halteelementen, in perspektivischer Ansicht schräg von oben,

Fig. 10

eine Membranpresse mit einem Tragrahmen gemäß Fig. 9, im Querschnitt durch einen Randbereich der Membranpresse,

Fig. 11

eine Membranpresse bzw. einen Laminator in einer Seitenansicht mit einer Spindel und einem weiteren Halteelement,

Fig. 12

eine Membranpresse bzw. einen Laminator in einer Seitenansicht mit dem Halteelement aus Figur 11 und einem Zylinder, und

Fig. 13

eine horizontale Einspannung der Membran.

Further advantageous embodiments are disclosed in the subclaims and the following description of the figures. Show it:

Fig. 1

a membrane press in a cross section,

Fig. 2

a section from FIG. 1 in a side view with a spindle,

Fig. 3

a section from FIG. 1 in a side view with a cylinder,

Fig. 4

a membrane press in cross section with intermediate spring elements,

Fig. 5

a detail of a double diaphragm press in a side view with a spindle,

Fig. 6

a section like FIG. 5 with a cylinder,

Fig. 7

a double diaphragm press in a side view with two spindles,

Fig. 8

a double diaphragm press in a side view with two cylinders,

Fig. 9

a support frame of a membrane press, with integrated holding elements, in a perspective view obliquely from above,

Fig. 10

a membrane press with a support frame according to Fig. 9 in cross-section through an edge region of the membrane press,

Fig. 11

a membrane press or a laminator in a side view with a spindle and a further holding element,

Fig. 12

a membrane press or a laminator in a side view with the holding element of Figure 11 and a cylinder, and

Fig. 13

a horizontal clamping of the membrane.

In the different figures, the same parts are always provided with the same Bezugszeicheh, so that these are usually described only once.

FIG. 1 shows a membrane press 1, which has a support frame 2. A membrane 3 is fixable with its edge region 4 via retaining elements 6 on the support frame 2 and detachable from this. The holding elements 6 are designed in such a way that the membrane 3 can be detached or fixed without tools.

The support frame 2 is connected to adjusting means 7, 8, so that the support frame 2 along a clamping direction (double arrow 9) is adjustable.

The adjusting means 7, 8 can be designed, for example, as a pneumatic cylinder 7 or as a spindle 8. In the in FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment are both types adjusting means 7, 8, so on the one hand, the manually operable spindle and on the other hand, the adjusting means 7 with a power drive (pneumatic cylinder) shown. Of course, in each case similar adjusting means 7, 8 are used.

The adjusting means 7, 8 are mounted in a conventional manner on a rigid member 11 of the membrane press 1 and the laminator, so that a kneading rod 12, which is designed either as a piston rod or a spindle rod, with an oriented to the active rod 12 surface 13 of the support frame. 2 connected is.

The support frame 2 is designed as a hollow component. On an opposite surface 13 to the bottom 14 of the support frame 2 suspension elements 16 are arranged, which have a bolt 17 which is screwed to the head side with the support frame 2 or slidably guided in the support frame 2 in its longitudinal direction. On the foot side, each suspension element 16 has an eyelet 18, which is preferably screwed to the bolt 17. In the eyelet 18, a ring member 19 is arranged. The ring element 19 is connected to the holding element 6. In the in FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment, the holding element 6 is designed as a claw 20. The retaining element 6 is associated with a clamping bolt 21, so that the membrane 3 can be fixed non-positively, wherein the membrane 3 is clamped between the clamping bolt 21 and a clamping surface 22.

The holding element 6 according to the embodiment of Figure 1 has a transverse web 23, on each of which a clamping web 24 is arranged on both sides. The clamping webs 24 are seen with its free end 26 of the crossbar 23 in cross-section away obliquely oriented toward each other oriented, so that an opposite to the transverse web 23 opening 27 is formed. The opening 27 widens conically in the direction of the transverse web 23. The clamping bolt 21 is arranged in a clamping position 28 in the vicinity of the free ends 26 between the membrane 3 and a contact surface 29 opposite the clamping surface 22, so that the membrane 3 is fixed non-positively. The clamping bolt 21 can be raised from the clamping position 28 in the direction of the transverse web 23, so that the membrane 3 is released. This is in FIG. 1 represented by two separately drawn holding elements, which are assigned the reference numerals 31 and 32, wherein the reference numeral 31 represents a clamping position 28 of the clamping bolt and the reference numeral 32 shows the clamping bolt in his raised from the clamping position 28 release position.

To connect the retaining element 6 with the respective suspension elements 16, the transverse web 23 is associated with a perforated tab 33, through which the ring member 19 is feasible, so that the ring member 19 is hooked on the one hand in the eyelet 18 and the other in the perforated flap 33.

The support frame 2 may be configured as a circumferential support frame or as a subdivided support frame.

Of the FIG. 2 showing a side view of the membrane press 1, it can be seen that the holding elements 6 distributed over the circumference of the edge region 4 of the membrane 3 attack on this, so that the holding elements 6 punctually engage the membrane 3 and form a holding element row. Of the FIG. 2 It can be seen further that the clamping bolt 21, the clamping webs 24 each project slightly beyond the side. Characterized in that the clamping bolt 21 each projecting laterally beyond the clamping webs 24 slightly, the clamping bolt 21 by an operator manually palpable, so that the clamping bolt 21 from its clamping position 28 easily and without tools in the direction of the crossbar 23 is movable into its release position. The clamping bolt 21 causes a self-clamping effect, wherein the membrane 3 by pulling, so by clamping by means of the adjusting means 7, 8, sufficiently clamped in the holding element 6 according to the invention.

Next is the FIG. 2 can be seen that the ring elements 19 are seen in the side view cone-shaped in such a way that they extend slightly from the perforated flap 33 in the direction of the eyelet 18.

In FIG. 2 is provided as adjusting 8, a spindle, wherein in FIG. 3 as adjusting means a pneumatic cylinder 7 is provided. Otherwise corresponds FIG. 3 of the FIG. 2 ,

In FIG. 4 the membrane press 1 is off FIG. 1 shown here, in contrast to FIG. 1 instead of the ring elements 19 between the eyelet 18 and the perforated flap 33 spring elements 34 are provided which are preferred designed as a coil spring. The spring elements 34 cause a balance of forces between the support members 6 and the support frame. 2

It is also possible to provide the membrane press 1 with a second membrane 36, so that a double membrane is formed. Such a configuration is shown in Figures 5 to 8.

In the in the Figures 5 and 6 illustrated embodiment, the double diaphragm is clamped in each of the two membranes 3 and 36 separately associated retaining element row, which are each connected to a separately associated support frame 2 via the suspension elements 16. In addition, the two separate support frame 2 is associated with a common adjusting means 7 and 8 respectively.

In FIG. 5 is the adjusting means 8 designed as a spindle, wherein the adjusting means 7 in FIG. 6 designed as a pneumatic cylinder. The respective adjusting means 7 and 8 acts simultaneously on both membranes 3, 36 and on the respective support frame 2, so that both membranes 3, 36 stretched together or relaxed.

In the in the FIGS. 7 and 8th illustrated embodiment, the respective support frame 2 is also assigned in each case a separate adjusting means 7, 8, which accordingly as a spindle 8 (FIG. FIG. 7 ) or as a pneumatic cylinder 7 ( FIG. 8 ) is configured. Thus, the respective support frame 2 are also vertically adjustable separately and thus the two membranes 3, 36 separately clamped.

It is also conceivable that the two membranes 3 and 36 with their respective edge region 4 in each case in a common holding element 6 and a single holding element row are clamped non-positively, so that then only one support frame 2 is required.

For clamping the membrane 3 and 36 in the or the holding elements 6, the edge portion 4 is inserted into the opening 27, wherein the clamping bolt 21 is raised. This is the holding element 6 in the position located by the reference numeral 32 removable ( FIG. 1 ). After a sufficient introduction of the edge region 4 of the clamping bolt is released and falls into the clamping position 28. This is the holding element 6 in the position located by the reference numeral 31 removable ( FIG. 1 ). The clamping bolt 21 clamps the diaphragm 3 frictionally, whereby a self-clamping effect of the clamping bolt 21 is generated. The operator can thus easily connect the membrane 3 via the support members 6 with the support frame 2, without using additional tools. Of course, the frictional entrapment of the membrane 3 is made all around in all holding elements 6 of the holding element row (s) by the operator person, which is relatively quickly possible, just because no tools must be used or time-consuming screw must be made.

The adjusting means 7 and 8 cause after clamping the membrane 3 is a vertical method (double arrow 9) of the support frame 2, so a tensioning of the membrane 3 along the clamping direction 9. As a result, the self-clamping effect of the clamping bolt 21 is amplified. The membrane 3 is thus held sufficiently secure for their clamping.

To release the frictional connection, the membrane 3 is relaxed by the support frame 2 is moved vertically downwards. By lifting the or the clamping bolt 21, the non-positive clamping connection is released, so that the membrane 3 around gradually from the holding elements 6 is solvable. Again, this happens in a relatively short time because no screw must be solved and no additional tools must be used.

The FIG. 9 shows as a single part of a membrane press a support frame 2 in a perspective view obliquely from above. This support frame 2 has, in contrast to the previously described embodiments, integrated holding elements 6. These holding elements 6 are executed in principle in terms of their function as well as the previously with reference to FIG. 1 explained holding elements 6, but in the embodiment according to FIG. 9 one of the clamping surfaces of the holding elements 6 is formed directly by each outwardly facing surface of the rectangular in its plan view supporting frame 2.

As the FIG. 9 shows further, here the holding elements 6 are arranged at a close distance from each other, whereby the membrane to be held, which is not shown here, can be clamped at a plurality of locations over its edge of the membrane practically without significant interruptions.

In addition, the support frame 2 according to FIG. 9 from its top upwards projecting adjusting 8 in the form of threaded spindles, which serve to adjust the height of the support frame 2 and thus to tension and relax the content Erten membrane.

FIG. 10 shows a cross section through the edge region of a membrane press, which is equipped with a support frame 2 of Figure 9.

The support frame 2 is here clearly visible directly connected to the holding elements 6, of which only one is visible in the sectional view, connected. The holding element 6 here has a clamping web 24 which is spaced apart from an outwardly, d. H. extends to the clamping bar 24 facing clamping surface 25 of the support section 2. At the upper end of the clamping bar 24 is integrally into a transverse web 23, which in turn is rigidly connected at its end to the support frame 2, here welded, is.

In the interior of the wedge-shaped downwardly narrowing space between the clamping web 24 on the one hand and the clamping surface 25 on the other hand, a clamping bolt 21 is arranged here, whose diameter is greater than the free passage dimension of the bottom opening 27 near the lower free end 26 of the clamping web 24. Zwischen the clamping surface 25 and the clamping bolt 21 here the edge portion 4 of the diaphragm 3 is clamped. In this case, the clamping bolt 21 is held by its own weight in the clamping position. Upon exertion of a tensile force on the membrane 4, the clamping effect is reinforced by a self-clamping effect.

To generate a clamping force for the diaphragm 3 is the adjusting means 8, which is designed in the form of a threaded spindle. The spindle-shaped adjusting means 8 extends from above coming through the support section 2 therethrough. With the underside of the support section 2, a threaded nut 10 is rotationally connected, suitably welded. At the upper end of the adjusting means 8, which is above a plate-shaped rigid member 11 of the membrane press 1, a hexagon 15 is mounted rotationally fixed, whose diameter is so large that it does not pass through the rigid member 11 in contrast to the spindle-shaped adjusting means 8. By twisting this hexagon 15, the spindle-shaped adjusting means 8 is rotated, whereby in cooperation with the threaded nut 10 according to the direction of rotation either a movement of the support frame 2 up or a movement of the support frame 2 down and associated with a tightening or relaxing the membrane 3 results.

The back of the membrane 3, which in the FIG. 10 facing up, is deposited with a frame or plate-shaped diaphragm support 5.

Below the diaphragm support 5 and the diaphragm 3 is in FIG. 10 by far a sealing frame 90. At the outer edge of the sealing frame 90, in the neckline according to FIG. 10 On the left, as seen in the circumferential direction of the membrane press 1 at intervals to each other a plurality of hooks 92 are mounted, each cooperating with a tension rod 93, of which only one or one is visible. The tension rod 93 extends outside, according to FIG. 10 left of the support section 2 and the support members. 6

In a lowered position of the tension rod 93, the lower end thereof can be brought into engagement with the associated hook 92. The adjustment of the tension rod 23 via a clamping lever 94 which is mounted on the rigid member 11 of the membrane press 1 and which is pivotable between a release position and a clamping position, which is shown here. To lower the tension rod 93, the tensioning lever 94 is pivoted counterclockwise by about 180 ° or even more, whereby the lower end of the tension rod 93 is lowered so far that it can be brought into engagement with the associated hook 92. By pivoting the clamping lever 94 in a clockwise direction to the in FIG. 10 shown clamping position is the tension rod 93 and with this together over the Hook 92 taken along the sealing frame 90 moves up and brought into abutment against the underside of the membrane 3. In this position, the membrane 3 is clamped between the diaphragm support 5 and the sealing frame 90. For retightening or replacing the membrane 3, the clamping is achieved by the clamping lever 94 are pivoted in the release position.

The number of distributed over the circumference of the membrane press 1 arranged tie rods 93 and clamping lever 94 depends on the size, in particular on the scope of the membrane press 1 and after the applied clamping forces. The larger the applied clamping forces, the more tension rods 93 and tensioning lever 94 are used appropriately, then expediently their distance from each other is smaller.

In the Figures 11 and 12 a further embodiment of the holding elements 6 is shown, which are designed like a buckle here. The holding elements 6 may be configured, for example, in the manner of a buckle 51. The in the Figures 11 and 12 shown holding elements 6 can also be designed as a clamping lock or spring clip or sliding ridge lock or eccentric lock or belt clamp. The buckles 51 are arranged distributed over the circumference of the membrane 3 at intervals and connected directly to the Tragrahmen.2. In this advantageous embodiment of the holding elements 6 as a buckle 51, it is expedient if the membrane 3 is designed tooth-like or jagged at its edge region 4, so that a frictional connection with the buckle 51 can be produced on each tooth or prongs of the edge region 4.

The embodiments in the Figures 11 and 12 are substantially identical to each other, wherein only again different adjusting means 7 and 8 are shown. It is in FIG. 11 the adjusting means 8 designed as a spindle, while the adjusting means 7 in FIG. 12 designed as a pneumatic cylinder.

In the FIGS. 1 to 12 is the edge region 4 of the membrane 3 with respect to a horizontal plane X ( FIG. 1 ) Can be tensioned perpendicular thereto, resulting in a corresponding clamping direction 9 in the vertical direction.

In FIG. 13 By contrast, the edge region 4 of the membrane 3 can be tensioned parallel to the horizontal axis X, resulting in a corresponding tensioning direction 9 in the horizontal direction X. The support frame 2 is here divided into at least four parts which are each assigned to one side of the membrane press 3 and which are each adjustable in the outward direction, ie away from the membrane press 1, for tensioning the membrane 3.

All the above-described embodiments have in common that the membrane 3 is tool-free connectable to the support frame 2 at its edge region 4 and also without tools of this is solvable. For this purpose, an operator can operate the holding elements consecutively, resulting in a considerable time savings. In addition, the membrane 3 is gently held, thus achieving a long service life.

Claims (17)

1. A membrane press (1) having at least a support frame (2) wherein a membrane (3) with its edge portion (4) is fixable at the support frame (2) by means of holding members (6) and is removable from the same wherein the holding members are formed in such a manner that the membrane (3) can be fixed at the same and can be released from the same without tools wherein the holding members are formed with two clamping surfaces (22, 25) of clamping webs (24) in a claw-like manner,
   characterized in that

   - the holding members act on the membrane (3) punctually distributed around the circumference of the edge portion (4) and form a row of holding members,

   - the clamping surfaces (22, 25) are associated with a clamping bolt (21) laterally projecting over the clamping webs (24),

   - the clamping bolt (21) has a self-clamping effect according to which the membrane (3) is non-positively clampable in the holding member (6) between the clamping bolt (21) and one of the clamping surfaces (22, 25) by drawing, i.e. by tensioning by means of actuating means (7, 8), and

   - the clamping bolt (21) can be moved easily and without tools in the direction to a cross web (23) into its removing position from its clamping position (28).
2. The membrane press according to claim 1,
   characterized in that the holding members have a cross web (23) at which a respective clamping web (24) is located on both sides wherein, seen in cross-section, the clamping webs (24) are oriented in a manner extending inclined towards one another with their free end (26) directed away from the cross web (23) so that an aperture (27) opposite to the cross web (23) is formed which is conically enlarging in the direction to the cross web (23) wherein the clamping bolt (21) in its clamping position (28) is arranged adjacent to the free ends (26) between the membrane (3) and a contact surface (29) opposite to the clamping surface (22) so that the membrane (3) is fixed non-positively and wherein the clamping bolt (21) is liftable from the clamping position (28) in the direction to the cross web (23) so that the membrane (3) is released.
3. The membrane press according to claim 1,
   characterized in that the holding members have a cross web (23) which is rigidly connected directly to the support frame (2) at its one side and at the other side thereof a clamping web (24) is located wherein, seen in cross-section, the clamping web (24) with its free end (26) is oriented in a manner extending inclined towards a clamping surface (25) of the support frame (2) facing the clamping web (24) away from the cross web (23) so that an aperture (27) opposite to the cross web (23) is formed which is enlarging conically in the direction to the cross web (23) wherein the clamping bolt (21) in its clamping position (28) is arranged adjacent to the free end (26) between the membrane (3) and a contact surface (29) opposite to the clamping surface (25) so that the membrane (3) is fixed non-positively and wherein the clamping bolt (21) is liftable from the clamping position (28) in the direction to the cross web (23) so that the membrane (3) is released.
4. A membrane press (1) having at least a support frame (2) wherein a membrane (3) with its edge portion (4) is fixable at the support frame (2) by means of holding members and is removable from the same wherein the holding members (6) are formed such that the membrane (3) can be fixed at the same and can be released from the same without tools,
   characterized in that

   - the holding members (6) are formed in a bucklelike manner in the manner of a belt lock (51) or of a clamp lock or of an elastic clamp or of a sliding web lock or of an excenter lock or of a belt clamp,

   - the holding members (6) are located in a spaced condition distributed around the circumference of the membrane (3) and are connected directly with the support frame (2) and

   - the membrane (3) is formed tooth-like or indented at its edge portion (4).
5. The membrane press according to claim 1,
   characterized in that the holding members are associated with suspension elements (16) which are arranged between the holding members (6) and the support frame (2).
6. The membrane press according to one of the claims 1, 2 and 5, characterized in that the holding members are associated with spring members (34) which are arranged between the holding member and the support frame (2).
7. The membrane press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support frame (2) is associated with at least one adjusting means (7, 8) with which the support frame (2) is adjustable along a tensioning direction (9).
8. The membrane press according to claim 7, characterized in that the adjusting means (8) is manually actuatable.
9. The membrane press according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the adjusting means (7) has a power drive.
10. The membrane press according to claim 9, characterized in that the adjusting means (7) has a hydraulic or pneumatic power drive.
11. The membrane press according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the membrane (3) can be applied with a predetermined tension by means of the adjusting means (7) so that the membrane (3) can be steadily retensioned.
12. The membrane press according to claim 5, characterized in that the suspension elements (16) are displaceably supported in a longitudinal direction of the support frame (2) in or at the same.
13. The membrane press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the membrane (3) with its edge portion (4) can be tensioned perpendicularly with respect to a horizontal plane (x).
14. The membrane press according to one of the claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the membrane (3) with its edge portion (4) can be tensioned in an acute angle, 0 < α < 90°, related to a horizontal plane (x).
15. The membrane press according to one of the claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the membrane (3) with its edge portion (4) can be tensioned parallel with respect to a horizontal plane (x).
16. The membrane press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a frame-like or plate-like membrane post (5) is arranged directly above the membrane (3), a sealing frame (90) is arranged below the membrane (3) turning around the edge, the membrane post (5) with the membrane (3) on the one side and the sealing frame (90) on the other side are adjustable relative to one another in their distance, and the membrane post (5) and the sealing frame (90) can be tensioned with respect to one another in a clamping position.
17. The membrane press according to claim 16, characterized in that a plurality of vertical tensioning rods (93) are provided as means for tensioning the membrane post (5) and the sealing frame (90) with respect to one another which are distributed around the circumference of the membrane press (1), the tensioning rods (93) are adapted to be releasably applied with their lower end with hooks (92) arranged at the sealing frame (90) and which are adapted to be adjusted in vertical direction and to be fixed in a tensioning position by means of a respective tensioning lever (94) provided at their upper end.

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