EP1739352A1 - Ionisationselektrode - Google Patents

Ionisationselektrode Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1739352A1
EP1739352A1 EP05105836A EP05105836A EP1739352A1 EP 1739352 A1 EP1739352 A1 EP 1739352A1 EP 05105836 A EP05105836 A EP 05105836A EP 05105836 A EP05105836 A EP 05105836A EP 1739352 A1 EP1739352 A1 EP 1739352A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensor electrode
flame
ionisation
combustion
combustion apparatus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05105836A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gerardus Hendricus Jeroen Olde Dubbelink
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Betronic Solutions BV
Original Assignee
Betronic Design BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Betronic Design BV filed Critical Betronic Design BV
Priority to EP05105836A priority Critical patent/EP1739352A1/de
Priority to PCT/EP2006/063673 priority patent/WO2007000470A1/en
Publication of EP1739352A1 publication Critical patent/EP1739352A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2241/00—Applications
    • F23N2241/06—Space-heating and heating water

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an ionisation sensor electrode for detecting the presence of a flame.
  • the invention also relates to a combustion apparatus comprising such an ionisation sensor electrode.
  • this reaction is monitored by a flame rod extending into the flame and acting as an ionisation sensor electrode that extends within a combustion chamber and is electrically isolated from the chamber by an insulator.
  • a flame rod extending into the flame and acting as an ionisation sensor electrode that extends within a combustion chamber and is electrically isolated from the chamber by an insulator.
  • An example is shown in DE 195 02 900 .
  • the ionisation sensor utilises said free ions and electrons for detecting the presence of a flame. If an AC voltage is supplied to the ionisation sensor, the free ions and electrons cause a rectifying effect on the applied signal resulting in a DC current and accordingly indicate the presence of a flame.
  • the flame rod is exposed to a relatively high temperature of approximately 2000K. Consequently, in an environment of aggressive radicals, the metallic flame rod will oxidize and an oxide layer will be formed on the rod. This layer will eventually prevent detection of the rectification effect and accordingly of the flame presence.
  • an ionisation sensor electrode arranged for detecting the presence of a flame in a combustion space of a combustion apparatus, wherein said sensor electrode, in operation of said combustion apparatus, is arranged within said combustion space away from said flame.
  • the invention also relates to a combustion apparatus comprising a burner bed with one or more flame ports for providing flames in a combustion space, wherein said apparatus further has an ionisation sensor electrode for detecting the presence of a flame, which ionisation sensor electrode, in operation of said combustion apparatus, is arranged in said combustion space away from said flame.
  • the sensor electrode As the sensor electrode is provided away from the flame, in particular when the sensor electrode is situated underneath or near a lower portion of the flame, it is no longer exposed to the highest temperatures within the combustion space while, surprisingly, it has been found that an appropriate ionisation signal can still be obtained. Further, the sensor electrode is no longer exposed to the aggressive radicals within the flame. Consequently, the oxidizing rate of the sensor electrode is significantly reduced and the service life of the sensor electrode is improved and maintenance is reduced. Also, less advanced and thus cheaper materials can be applied for the sensor electrode.
  • the sensor electrode is arranged substantially underneath said flame.
  • the burner bed is a ceramic burner bed and the ionisation sensor electrode is arranged, and preferably submerged, in said ceramic burner bed.
  • a ceramic burner bed is a substantially electrically insulating substrate for the sensor electrode, there is no need for further insulating means within the combustion space to ensure proper operation of the sensor electrode.
  • a plurality of ionisation sensor electrodes are arranged at various positions in said burner bed underneath a plurality of said flames. This embodiment allows monitoring of the presence of flames over the entire burner bed.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows a combustion apparatus 1 comprising a combustion chamber 2 determined by a wall 3.
  • a mixture of gas and air is introduced into the combustion chamber 2 via an inlet 4 through a ceramic burner bed 5 with flame ports 6.
  • the combustion reaction is represented by a plurality of flames 7.
  • a heat exchanger device H is positioned in the combustion chamber 2 above the flames 7 and exhaust gasses are output via an outlet 8.
  • an ionisation sensor electrode 9 extends into the combustion chamber 2 from below and without being directly exposed to the flames 7.
  • the electrode 9 has a lower temperature as compared to a prior art flame rod that directly extends into a flame 7. Further, it is not exposed to aggressive radicals that are only present within the flame 7. Consequently, oxidation of the sensor electrode 9 will occur at a considerably slower rate as compared to a flame rod extending within a flame 7.
  • experiments have shown that still an ionisation current is detected of a magnitude of approximately 70% of the current measured with a flame rod directly extending into a flame 7. This observation is the more remarkable if one realises that the exposed area of the sensor electrode 9 is considerably less than the area of the conventional rod extending into a flame 7. It was observed that the head of a simple M2 bolt was able to function as a sensor electrode.
  • the sensor electrode 9 is provided through an opening near a flame port 6 in the ceramic burner bed 5.
  • the sensor electrode 9 is submerged into the burner bed 5 in order to maintain the lowest possible temperature.
  • a distal end D of the sensor electrode 9 may protrude from the burner bed 5 in the direction of the flames 7.
  • the distal end D of the sensor electrode 9 terminates before it reaches a flame 7 to avoid high temperatures.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic illustration of a combustion apparatus 1 in cross-section. In practice, the density of flames 7 from the burner bed is considerably higher than shown in Fig. 1 and the sensor electrode 9 will closer approximate a position underneath a flame 7.
  • present day combustion apparatus are often installed such that the flames do not extend in a direction vertically upward, e.g. to avoid dirt entering the combustion chamber 2 via the outlet 8.
  • the burner bed 5 is positioned such that the flames 7 extend downwardly under an angle with a horizontal plane.
  • the sensor electrode 9 according to an embodiment of the invention is still positioned near the origin of the flames 7 underneath these flames, i.e. where the gas flow enters the combustion chamber 3 through the flame ports 6. This is shown schematically in Fig. 2.
  • a combustion device 1 is shown similar to that of Fig. 1, but with a plurality of sensor electrodes 9 submerged in the ceramic burner bed 5. Consequently, the presence of a flame 7 over the entire burner bed 5 may be monitored.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
EP05105836A 2005-06-29 2005-06-29 Ionisationselektrode Withdrawn EP1739352A1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05105836A EP1739352A1 (de) 2005-06-29 2005-06-29 Ionisationselektrode
PCT/EP2006/063673 WO2007000470A1 (en) 2005-06-29 2006-06-29 Ionisation sensor electrode

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05105836A EP1739352A1 (de) 2005-06-29 2005-06-29 Ionisationselektrode

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1739352A1 true EP1739352A1 (de) 2007-01-03

Family

ID=37103044

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05105836A Withdrawn EP1739352A1 (de) 2005-06-29 2005-06-29 Ionisationselektrode

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1739352A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2007000470A1 (de)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8302010A (nl) * 1983-06-06 1985-01-02 Nefit Nv Inrichting voor het controleren van de luchtfactor bij een gasbrander.
US4871307A (en) * 1988-11-02 1989-10-03 Harris George W Flame ignition and monitoring system and method
EP1170549A2 (de) * 2000-04-18 2002-01-09 Vaillant GmbH Gasbeheizter Durchlauferhitzer
DE10038095A1 (de) * 2000-08-04 2002-02-21 Bosch Gmbh Robert Anordnung zur Flammenüberwachung von Poren- und Gestrickbrennern
WO2004061403A1 (en) * 2002-12-26 2004-07-22 Woodward Governor Company Method and apparatus for detecting combustion instability in continuous combustion systems
WO2004092650A2 (en) * 2003-04-10 2004-10-28 Woodward Governor Company Method and apparatus for detecting combustion instability in continuous combustion systems

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8302010A (nl) * 1983-06-06 1985-01-02 Nefit Nv Inrichting voor het controleren van de luchtfactor bij een gasbrander.
US4871307A (en) * 1988-11-02 1989-10-03 Harris George W Flame ignition and monitoring system and method
EP1170549A2 (de) * 2000-04-18 2002-01-09 Vaillant GmbH Gasbeheizter Durchlauferhitzer
DE10038095A1 (de) * 2000-08-04 2002-02-21 Bosch Gmbh Robert Anordnung zur Flammenüberwachung von Poren- und Gestrickbrennern
WO2004061403A1 (en) * 2002-12-26 2004-07-22 Woodward Governor Company Method and apparatus for detecting combustion instability in continuous combustion systems
WO2004092650A2 (en) * 2003-04-10 2004-10-28 Woodward Governor Company Method and apparatus for detecting combustion instability in continuous combustion systems

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2007000470B1 (en) 2007-02-22
WO2007000470A1 (en) 2007-01-04

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