EP1734855A2 - Pile laveuse sans fil a double zone - Google Patents

Pile laveuse sans fil a double zone

Info

Publication number
EP1734855A2
EP1734855A2 EP05746877A EP05746877A EP1734855A2 EP 1734855 A2 EP1734855 A2 EP 1734855A2 EP 05746877 A EP05746877 A EP 05746877A EP 05746877 A EP05746877 A EP 05746877A EP 1734855 A2 EP1734855 A2 EP 1734855A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pulp
filter
primary
recited
rotatable cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05746877A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Iii John J. Egan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kadant Black Clawson Inc
Original Assignee
Kadant Black Clawson Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kadant Black Clawson Inc filed Critical Kadant Black Clawson Inc
Publication of EP1734855A2 publication Critical patent/EP1734855A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
    • B04B11/08—Skimmers or scrapers for discharging ; Regulating thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/06—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary cylindrical filtering surfaces, e.g. hollow drums
    • B01D33/11—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary cylindrical filtering surfaces, e.g. hollow drums arranged for outward flow filtration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/35—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with multiple filtering elements characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D33/41—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with multiple filtering elements characterised by their mutual disposition in series connection
    • B01D33/42—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with multiple filtering elements characterised by their mutual disposition in series connection concentrically or coaxially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/44—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
    • B01D33/46—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes nozzles or the like acting on the cake-side of the filtering element
    • B01D33/463—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes nozzles or the like acting on the cake-side of the filtering element nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/44—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
    • B01D33/46—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes nozzles or the like acting on the cake-side of the filtering element
    • B01D33/466—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes nozzles or the like acting on the cake-side of the filtering element scrapers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/44—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
    • B01D33/48—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
    • B04B11/06—Arrangement of distributors or collectors in centrifuges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B3/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
    • B04B7/08—Rotary bowls
    • B04B7/18—Rotary bowls formed or coated with sieving or filtering elements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
    • D21C9/02—Washing ; Displacing cooking or pulp-treating liquors contained in the pulp by fluids, e.g. wash water or other pulp-treating agents
    • D21C9/06—Washing ; Displacing cooking or pulp-treating liquors contained in the pulp by fluids, e.g. wash water or other pulp-treating agents in filters ; Washing of concentrated pulp, e.g. pulp mats, on filtering surfaces
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
    • D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
    • D21D1/20—Methods of refining
    • D21D1/40—Washing the fibres

Definitions

  • the present invention is related to the washing and/or thickening of pulp and more particularly to a washer with a two stage dewatering zone without a wire belt.
  • DNT double nip thickener
  • the DNT may be used as an extraction device, to thicken the stock, or may be used primarily for washing of the pulp fibers.
  • the pulp stock is fed to the nip between a rotating breast cylinder and wire entrained thereover.
  • the pulp is dewatered by centrifugal force and travels on the wire to a second or couch roller for further dewatering.
  • the pulp is removed from the couch roller by gravity and a doctor blade and collected on a conveyor which moves the dewatered pulp downstream from the DNT.
  • an endless belt or loop of foraminous "wire" is trained around the rolls and defines therewith a space in which the other operating parts of the washer are located.
  • the wire may consist preferably of a plastic material, i.e., polyester.
  • the wire may be of the pin seam type wherein the ends of the wire belt include overlapping loops which are releasably fastened together by a metal "pin" inserted through these loops.
  • pin seam wires makes possible the changing of wires after wear without the cantilevering of the rolls which is required if the wire is an endless loop without a seam.
  • a wire thickener or washer has limited rotational speed due to wire belt and other component wear concerns, thus the hydraulic capacity of the machine is directly related to the rotational speed.
  • Centrifugal force throws fluid with contaminants, and usually good fibers from the pulp, outward through the filtered wire.
  • a pulp thickening or washer device that would eliminate a wire belt as the filtering medium, increase the rotational speed of the thickener to create additional centrifugal force therefore removing more fluid from the pulp, and prevent the waste of good pulp fibers.
  • the present invention provides for a pulp washing or thickening apparatus for removing fluid from pulp stock in a dewatering system.
  • the apparatus includes a feed manifold for supplying the apparatus with pulp stock, a primary cylindrical rotating filter for accepting the pulp stock from the feed manifold and for creating centrifugal force against the pulp stock to expel liquid, and a first doctor blade for assisting the removal of the pulp stock from an inner surface of the primary cylindrical filter after the pulp stock is dewatered.
  • FIG. 1 shows a front view of one embodiment of the washer
  • FIG. 2 shows a side view of the washer of FIGJ
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective front view of the internal components of an apparatus in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective back view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 3
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatical view of a preferred pulp feeder in accordance with the invention, positioned adjacent the inner or primary cylinder in the apparatus shown in FIG. 3
  • FIG. 6 is a simplified cross sectional view of a stratified pulp feed fed adjacent the filter surface of the inner cylinder shown in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagrammatical view of another pulp feeder positioned adjacent the inner or primary cylinder in the apparatus shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 8 is a simplified cross sectional view of an inverted pulp feed nozzle taken along the plane shown by the arrows 8-8 in FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a simplified schematic cross section of another embodiment of one of the rotatable filter cylinders in accordance with the invention highlighting positioning of a compression roller between the pulp feed and doctor removal;
  • FIG. 10 is a simplified schematic cross section of another embodiment of one of the rotatable filter cylinders in accordance with the invention showing disposition of a wash water feed nozzle in relation to the traveling mat; and
  • FIG. 11 is a simplified schematic cross section of yet another embodiment showing plural sets of feed headers and doctor removal means.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a structure of a pulp thickening or dewatering apparatus 5.
  • the structure operates with a motor 10 and includes a headbox 20 for delivering feedstock and a primary cylindrical filter 30 for thickening the pulp.
  • Feedstock is delivered to the apparatus 5 similarly to the prior art thickeners or washers.
  • the headbox 20, shown in FIG. 3, delivers a jet of feedstock onto an inner surface 32 of the primary cylindrical filter 30.
  • Feedstock to be thickened or dewatered is fed to the headbox 20 by a feedline (not shown) from a typical stock supply pump (not shown).
  • the motor 10 rotates the primary cylindrical filter 30 through belt 14.
  • Headbox 20 delivers the feedstock to the inner surface 32.
  • Centrifugal force is created by the rotation of the cylindrical filter 30 and controlled by the set speed of the motor 10.
  • the primary cylindrical filter 30 rotates, the force pulls fluid, and other contaminants from the feedstock.
  • the centrifugal force is strong enough to pull viable, small pulp fibers through the wire meshed body of the primary filter.
  • the fluid, contaminants, and viable fibers are referred to as primary discharge from the primary cylindrical filter 30.
  • the openings of the meshed body are of sufficiently large size to assure full flow therethrough of the primary discharge which may be included in the feedstock.
  • the jet of feedstock from the headbox 20 is directed at a high point onto the inner surface 32 of the primary cylinder 30. Some of the stock is immediately partially dewatered because the force of the jet causes liquid to travel through the meshed body. Accepts material may be scraped from the inside of the cylinder 30 by doctor blade 50 with the accepts collected by the doctor assembly transported away through outlet pipe 51.
  • the primary discharge is filtered through a meshed body of the primary cylindrical filter 30 and caught or received by an inner surface 42 of a secondary cylindrical filter 40.
  • the secondary cylindrical filter 40 surrounds and is concentric with the primary cylindrical filter 30 and preferably has a more finely meshed body than the primary filter 30.
  • the motor 10 also rotates the secondary cylindrical filter 40 too, since the cylinders 32 and 40 are commonly mounted to surface 62 which is fixed to axle 2 through hub 16. Centrifugal force is again created on the pulp around the secondary filter 40.
  • the meshed body of the secondary filter 40 has smaller openings than the primary filter in order to predominantly discharge liquid, or secondary discharge, and not pulp fibers.
  • the purpose of the secondary cylindrical filter 40 is to "catch" and save the acceptable fibers discharged from the primary filter 30 by centrifugal force and continue the dewatering process.
  • additional cylindrical filters may be added to the apparatus to further filter and "catch" the good fibers that pass through the meshed body of the secondary filter 40.
  • the primary and secondary cylindrical filters are attached to a common drive.
  • the two filters could be separately driven for g-force optimization.
  • the primary cylindrical filter is driven with about 30 - 120 g-forces and the secondary cylindrical filter is driven with about 60-300 g-forces to provide the desired filtrate clarity and capacity.
  • Variable speed drives can also be provided for either or both of the cylindrical filters so that g-loads and washing efficiency can be controlled within a wide range of operating parameters.
  • wires or similar rotating meshes are not trained or disposed around the cylinders in the present invention in order to form a nip with the cylinder to express liquid from the pulp suspension located in the nip region.
  • the apparatus 5 is subjected to lower amounts of loading, can achieve higher rotation speeds, and can result in increased hydraulic capacity and fines separation efficiency.
  • the continuous application of centrifugal force causes the liquid component of the feedstock to be expressed through the wire meshing of the primary and secondary filters while the pulp materials suspended therein are held by the meshed body and form a layer on the inner surfaces 32, 42 of the primary and secondary cylindrical filters 30, 40.
  • the liquid expressed through the secondary discharge is expelled from the apparatus 5 through port 60.
  • the liquid often carries very fine solid particles such as ink, PSA, etc. These solids are desirably discharged through the port also along with the liquid carrier.
  • secondary accepts material traveling on an inner surface 42 of the cylinder 40 is removed via doctor 52 and travels through egress piping 55.
  • the function of the foraminous bodies on the cylinders is to serve as a filter medium that holds the fiber from the feedstock and other desired solid constituents of the feedstock on its inner surface against the action of centrifugal force, which is the major factor causing dewatering of the retained pulp.
  • Vanes 35, 33 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 are located along the circumference of the primary and secondary cylindrical filters 30, 40. These vanes create openings that may be controlled by a solenoid switch or other conventional controlling means to make the openings therebetween smaller or larger.
  • the flow rate and pressure through the filter media are capable of being varied depending on the criteria and conditions of the thickening process.
  • Mat thickness is controlled by the feed flow, feed consistency, and relative rotation speed, in addition to the filter open area and the amount of material that passes through the filter.
  • the first doctor blade 50 and associated outlet pipe 51 remove the thickened/dewatered pulp from the inner surface 32 of the primary filter.
  • the thickened/dewatered pulp is transferred from the inner surface 32 of the primary cylindrical filter 30 to a downstream process in the papermaking system.
  • a screw like conveyor (not shown) or other transport means may be operatively associated with the pipe 51 to aid in transferring the pulp. When the mat touches the doctor blades, the mat may become airborne.
  • Directional steering jets of air may be employed to keep the mat airborne and blow the mat out of the washer 5 into the doctor collection assembly.
  • a vacuum may be used to pull the pulp from the washer 5.
  • the primary accepts may be subjected to an additional thickening operation before removal from the washer 5.
  • a second doctor blade assembly 52 and associated collection pipe 55 are provided, and the removal process is the same as above. The purpose of the second doctor blade 52 is to clean the filter media and recover any fiber that was plugged on the filter media surface of the secondary filter 42.
  • a backflush of water at a pressure great enough to exceed the opposing g-force may be used to impinge the cylinder surface just upstream from or at the leading edge of the first doctor blade assembly 50.
  • the pulp not collected by the first doctor blade assembly 50 will be filtered out again on the primary cylindrical filter 30.
  • a second backflush of water at the leading edge of the second doctor blade 52 may be used to collect the pulp that is retained on the secondary cylindrical 40 filter in order that the filter media does not become clogged over time.
  • non-contacting doctor blades may be used to remove the thickened mat from the filter media of the primary and secondary cylindrical filters 30, 40.
  • a very fine, high pressure jet or fan of water or air that blows from the inside to get under the fiber mat and lift the mat off the filter media or blows from the backside to blow the mat off may be mentioned as exemplary.
  • a pulsed system may be used to increase the dewatering levels and thicken the pulp more. This could be achieved by selective, intermittent contact of the first and second doctor blades 50, 52 with their associated rotating cylinders to remove the thickened pulp after every two or more revolutions of the primary and secondary cylindrical filters 30, 40. This would allow a longer period of time for centrifugal force to be applied to the pulp forcing liquid to expel from the pulp.
  • FIG. 5 depicts a preferred pulp feed device or headbox 20 in accordance with the invention.
  • the headbox is in the form of a cyclonic separator having a tangential or swirl inlet 90 through which pulp suspension is fed under high pressure conditions as is well known in the art to impart a rotational pattern to the pulp suspension as it travels through the cyclone.
  • the cyclonic separator includes a conical section 72 with the diameter of the cone decreasing from the inlet to the solid apex 74 end of the cyclone.
  • the headbox overall is in the form of a truncated cone having an axis 95, base 93, and enclosed apex end 74.
  • the inlet opening 90 is laterally offset from the axis 95.
  • An elongated nozzle in the form of a slotted opening 78 comprising a generally planar housing surface 76 extends tangentially from the conical body in laterally offset position from axis 95. Pulp suspension exits the cyclone through this slotted opening 78 with the opening positioned adjacent the inner surface 32 of the primary filter 30.
  • the slotted opening presents an elongated opening with its elongated dimension oriented parallel to the surface of the inner cylinder 32 as this surface is positioned adjacent the opening 78 during its rotation.
  • the suspension exiting the opening 78 and thus being fed to the inner surface 32 of the primary filter is in the form of a stratified feed 100 comprising a laminar, layered arrangement of suspended solids and entrained moisture from the pulp suspension.
  • the heavier fines and short filters are predominantly located in a first layer 80 contiguous to the inner surface 32 of the primary filter.
  • the top layer 84 most remote from the inner surface consists primarily of long fibers and light fines with an intermediate layer 82 composed of a mixture of fines and fibers.
  • FIG. 7 depicts another embodiment in which an inverted nozzle 178 is used in lieu of the nozzle 78 shown in FIG. 5.
  • the nozzle 178 comprises an approximate 2-3 o'clock location take off spout 200 from the clockwise rotation of the pulp suspension as it rotates within the cyclonic conical body 72.
  • An elongated, housed, radiused channel 202 terminating in slot 204 feeds the suspension to the filter surface 32 in the inverted position.
  • FIG. 8 employment of this type of nozzle exit from the cyclonic separator flips the orientation of the pulp suspension from that depicted in FIG.
  • FIG. 9 depicts another embodiment showing primary filter 30 with compression roll 188 located intermediate headbox 20 and doctor 50.
  • the pulp suspension is compressed by the nip of the roller along the inner surface 32 of the primary filter upstream from mat removal via doctor 50 to enhance mat consistency.
  • compression roller or rollers could also be used in conjunction with the secondary filter, also to improve consistency of the mat being removed.
  • wash shower nozzles along either or both of the rotating cylinders.
  • FIG. 10 shows one such arrangement wherein wash shower nozzle 190 is provided intermediate headbox 20 and doctor 50 to provide wash water to the traveling mat.
  • FIG. 11 are possible wherein plural feed headers and plural doctors can be disposed along the rotating filter medium. As shown in FIG.
  • a second or downstream set of feed header and doctor removal means is provided downstream from a first set.
  • Downstream header 20b and downstream doctor 50b provide for plural pulp feed and removal cycles along a single rotatable filter surface. This results in a very cost effective design.
  • Preliminary results have indicated that the dual zone washer is effective in removing ash, ink, and stickies, and fines from pulp slurries that may include, for example, copy paper, OCC, and mixed office waste. At present, it is prefe ⁇ ed that the inner wire medium be more open than the outer wire medium. Present data suggests that ash removal is optimized with a 60 micron filter medium with fines removal optimized utilizing a 200 micron filter medium.
  • the filter medium may, for example, include nylon, polyester, or other polymer mesh screens having opening from about 30- 600 microns. Woven polymer media having square openings are presently preferred. However, a wedgewire filter cartridge may also be mentioned as an acceptable filter medium. For example, a wedgewire cartridge having slot openings of from about 0.001 - 0.010 inches may be provided with 0.020 - 0.045 inch thick smooth wires. Preliminary results indicate that the dual zone washer shows improved ash removal while exhibiting minimal fiber loss. [0045] Exemplary operating parameters include inner and outer concentrically disposed cylinders having lengths of about 300 cm. The inner cylinder, in one embodiment, has a diameter of about 250 cm. Thus, the apparatus is compact, leading to decreased floor space requirements.
  • G-forces exerted on the slurry typically may be on the order of about 50-350 G.
  • Initial feed consistency to the dual zone washer may be on the order of about OJ-10%, preferably about 0.5-5.0%.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une pile laveuse sans fil à double zone dotée de filtres rotatifs concentriques qui permettent de créer une force centrifuge contre la pâte et d'expulser le liquide contenu dans la pâte avant tout autre traitement de la pâte. Un filtre secondaire entoure le filtre primaire pour capturer les fibres de pâte à papier exploitables expulsées de la pâte par un procédé d'essorage.
EP05746877A 2004-04-16 2005-04-11 Pile laveuse sans fil a double zone Withdrawn EP1734855A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US56306604P 2004-04-16 2004-04-16
PCT/US2005/012176 WO2005099554A2 (fr) 2004-04-16 2005-04-11 Pile laveuse sans fil a double zone

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1734855A2 true EP1734855A2 (fr) 2006-12-27

Family

ID=35150477

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05746877A Withdrawn EP1734855A2 (fr) 2004-04-16 2005-04-11 Pile laveuse sans fil a double zone

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20070210015A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1734855A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2007534851A (fr)
CN (1) CN101076632A (fr)
CA (1) CA2562796A1 (fr)
NO (1) NO20065223L (fr)
WO (1) WO2005099554A2 (fr)

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CN109603293A (zh) * 2018-12-29 2019-04-12 安徽普氏生态环境工程有限公司 一种高效的卧式固液分离设备
CN109603224A (zh) * 2018-12-29 2019-04-12 安徽普氏生态环境工程有限公司 一种快速高效的惯性固液分离结构
CN109569040A (zh) * 2018-12-29 2019-04-05 安徽普氏生态环境工程有限公司 一种旋转离心式中药固液分离装置
CN109603295A (zh) * 2018-12-29 2019-04-12 安徽普氏生态环境工程有限公司 一种利用水流为动力的惯性固液分离设备
KR102160894B1 (ko) * 2020-04-10 2020-09-29 주식회사 에싸 수중이물질을 여과, 분리, 탈수하는 다중구조의 여과장치
CN112890106A (zh) * 2021-03-26 2021-06-04 山东冠珍轩豆制品设备有限公司 一种腐竹油皮生产用多级滤浆装置
CN114481665B (zh) * 2022-01-17 2024-03-01 平湖荣成环保科技有限公司 一种纱管原纸加工用浆料过滤装置
CN114522809A (zh) * 2022-02-18 2022-05-24 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 一种煤样定粒度多级分选除水装置及方法
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JP2007534851A (ja) 2007-11-29
NO20065223L (no) 2006-11-14
CA2562796A1 (fr) 2005-10-27
US20070210015A1 (en) 2007-09-13
WO2005099554A3 (fr) 2007-04-26
CN101076632A (zh) 2007-11-21
WO2005099554A2 (fr) 2005-10-27

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