EP1733409B1 - Elektrische vorrichtung mit verdichtetem isoliergas, die einen mit einem fenster zur beobachtung der kontakte ausgestatteten zusammengesetzten isolator umfasst - Google Patents

Elektrische vorrichtung mit verdichtetem isoliergas, die einen mit einem fenster zur beobachtung der kontakte ausgestatteten zusammengesetzten isolator umfasst Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1733409B1
EP1733409B1 EP05748638A EP05748638A EP1733409B1 EP 1733409 B1 EP1733409 B1 EP 1733409B1 EP 05748638 A EP05748638 A EP 05748638A EP 05748638 A EP05748638 A EP 05748638A EP 1733409 B1 EP1733409 B1 EP 1733409B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elastomer
translucent
rigid tube
tube
window
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05748638A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1733409A2 (de
Inventor
Christian Lindner
Jean-Luc Bessede
Yannick Kieffel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Grid Solutions SAS
Original Assignee
Areva T&D SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Areva T&D SAS filed Critical Areva T&D SAS
Publication of EP1733409A2 publication Critical patent/EP1733409A2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1733409B1 publication Critical patent/EP1733409B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/53—Cases; Reservoirs, tanks, piping or valves, for arc-extinguishing fluid; Accessories therefor, e.g. safety arrangements, pressure relief devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers
    • H01H2009/0292—Transparent window or opening, e.g. for allowing visual inspection of contact position or contact condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
    • H01H2011/0081—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches using double shot moulding, e.g. for forming elastomeric sealing elements on form stable casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
    • H01H2033/6623—Details relating to the encasing or the outside layers of the vacuum switch housings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high-voltage or medium-voltage electrical switchgear, sealed, with a pressurized insulating gas, comprising in a housing, interrupting contacts capable of occupying an open position and a closed position, and a system for marking the open or closed position of the interruption contacts from outside the housing.
  • Patent document is already known DE 195 19 721 , a circuit breaker of the type indicated above in which the housing is constituted by a metal casing filled with a dielectric insulating gas such as SF 6 at a pressure of a few bars and the system for locating the position of the contacts of interruption is constituted by an optical barrier disposed inside the housing between the fixed contact and the movable contact and by optical fibers which return to the outside of the housing an optical signal indicative of the position of the interruption contacts.
  • a circuit breaker of the type indicated above in which the housing is constituted by a metal casing filled with a dielectric insulating gas such as SF 6 at a pressure of a few bars and the system for locating the position of the contacts of interruption is constituted by an optical barrier disposed inside the housing between the fixed contact and the movable contact and by optical fibers which return to the outside of the housing an optical signal indicative of the position of the interruption contacts.
  • Patent is already known US 4,249,050 , a vacuum interrupter or “vacuum interrupter” comprising a viewing window for directly seeing the position of the contacts, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Patent is already known GB 1 253 604 , the use of a polymer window thermoplastic for visualization.
  • This document describes the production of a transparent window made of thermoplastic material in an opening of an envelope for electrical equipment. The window is inserted into the aperture by a method of molding the plastics by injection, the edge of the aperture and the edge of the window being anchored to one another.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an electrical switchgear high or medium voltage insulating gas under pressure, for external application which is a simpler design and increased reliability by allowing to have a direct vision the position of the interrupt contacts. For this application, a rigorous selection of materials must be made to take into account the combined constraints applied on the equipment.
  • the invention relates to an apparatus under pressure, with an internal pressure greater than atmospheric pressure, generating an outward compressive force.
  • the object of the invention is to insert a viewing window for an electrical switchgear.
  • the material must withstand the internal aggressions due to the decomposition products of the insulating gas and the external aggressions due to the environment, that is to say the combination of rain, ultraviolet radiation, salt spray, physical and chemical aging .
  • the materials must meet the electrical criteria required for these applications in the field of medium and high voltage, namely a good one. resistance to electrical tracking and erosion.
  • the materials used to make the viewing window and the methods used to make the junction of the window with the body of the insulator must allow to ensure the tightness of the equipment.
  • the permissible annual loss of insulating gas for the entire apparatus being less than or equal to 1%. All of these selection criteria induce a restriction of the choice of materials available to perform the function.
  • the subject of the invention is a high or medium voltage electrical switchgear according to the features of claim 1, being sealed, comprising in a housing, interruption contacts capable of occupying an open position. and a closed position, and a system for locating the open or closed position of the interruption contacts from outside the housing, the housing being a composite insulator formed by a rigid tube surrounded by an elastomeric shell whose outer surface defines a succession of annular fins, characterized in that the rigid tube and the elastomer casing are arranged to define an at least translucent viewing window through which the open or closed position of the interrupt contacts is visible, in that the rigid tube is made of translucent composite material or at least translucent plastic material and in which a transparent porthole made of ultraviolet radiation-filtering material or on which a transparent ultraviolet filter is deposited is glued to the rigid tube this porthole not being covered by the elastomer casing and defining the observation window, the rigid tube being formed by assembling tubes, one of the tubes being made of glass or at least translucent polymer, resistant to
  • the materials in contact with the solar radiation should not have any marks of degradation, such as cracks, surface deformations (increase of the surface roughness) or an alteration of the transparency after an accelerated aging of 1000 hours under UV radiation from xenon arc source or under UV fluorescent lamps according to ISO 4892-2 and ISO 4892-3.
  • the polymers which make up the outer casing or the window and which are in direct contact with the solar radiation should advantageously be chosen from those presenting no radiation absorption in the range of 300 to 400 nm wavelength, that is to say that the chemical structure of these polymers must not contain an aromatic ring
  • the rigid tube is made of glass and a zone of the rigid tube is not covered by the elastomeric envelope, this zone defining said observation window.
  • the rigid tube is made of translucent composite material or at least translucent plastic material and a transparent porthole made of ultraviolet radiation filtering material is glued to the rigid tube, this porthole not being covered by the elastomeric envelope and defining the observation window.
  • the rigid tube is formed by assembling tubes, one of the tubes being made of glass or polymer resistant to ultraviolet radiation and not covered by the elastomeric envelope defining the observation window.
  • the electrical switching apparatus may be a high or medium voltage line disconnector in which the tube is filled with a dielectric insulating gas such as SF6 at a pressure of 2 to 3 bar.
  • a dielectric insulating gas such as SF6 at a pressure of 2 to 3 bar.
  • the opening of the interruption contacts is de-energized so that the transparent plastic tube is not subjected to high temperatures due to the presence of arcing.
  • the insulating gas is not ionized by electric discharges and remains inert for the transparent plastic material of the tube.
  • the figure 1 illustrates very schematically an electrical switchgear according to the invention.
  • the figure 2 illustrates very schematically a second embodiment of an electrical switchgear according to the invention.
  • the figure 3 schematically illustrates a third embodiment of a electrical switchgear according to the invention.
  • the figure 4 illustrates very schematically a fourth embodiment of an electrical switchgear according to the invention.
  • the figure 5 illustrates very schematically a line disconnector according to the invention.
  • the figure 6 illustrates very schematically a line switch according to the invention comprising a vacuum interrupter with a viewing window.
  • a high or medium voltage electrical switchgear 1 comprises interruption contacts 2 capable of occupying an open position and a closed position and which are arranged in a composite insulator formed by a rigid tube 3 surrounded by an elastomeric envelope 4.
  • Interrupt contacts 2 include a fixed contact assembly in the tube and a movable contact assembly in the tube.
  • the movable contact assembly is disposed in the middle region of the length of the tube as shown in FIG. figure 1 .
  • the elastomeric shell has an outer surface which defines a succession of annular fins such as 4A, 4B, 4C coaxial distributed along the tube 3 between two metal end plates 5, 6 of the composite insulator in which are fixed respectively the two ends of the tube 3.
  • the tube 3 shown has a cylindrical shape
  • the invention extends to a tube having another form of revolution, for example a tube shaped truncated cone or barrel-shaped.
  • the rigid tube 3 and the elastomer casing 4 are arranged to define an at least translucent observation window 7 through which the open or closed position of the interruption contacts 2 (here an open position) is visible.
  • the rigid tube 3 is made by molding a transparent or at least translucent plastic material resistant to ultraviolet radiation, resistant to explosion and having good chemical resistance.
  • This plastic material is, for example, a thermosetting polymer such as the cycloaliphatic epoxide resin crosslinked with a non-aromatic phthalic anhydride of the hexahydrophthalic type (HHPA) or a transparent thermoplastic polymer such as a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) safety glass known as name "Altuglas" of the company "Atoglas”, a polycarbonate known under the name "Makrolon” from the company "Bayer MaterialScience”, a polystyrene or a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
  • a thermosetting polymer such as the cycloaliphatic epoxide resin crosslinked with a non-aromatic phthalic anhydride of the hexahydrophthalic type (HHPA) or a transparent thermoplastic polymer such as a polymethylme
  • Such a rigid tube 3, having a wall thickness of about 8 mm, can be filled with an electrical insulating gas, in particular SF 6 , at a pressure of about 2 to 3 bars.
  • the rigid tube 3 can possibly be protected inside, against the aggressions of the products of decomposition of the SF 6 , by deposit of transparent material inert chemically. This protection can be carried out as an example by a very thin layer of a few micrometers deposited under vacuum ("CVD", "Sputtering” ...) or by a thicker layer of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or other fluoropolymers (PFA, FEP).
  • CVD very thin layer of a few micrometers deposited under vacuum
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • PFA fluoropolymers
  • the tube can be protected from attacks such as ultraviolet radiation by the addition of a UV filter based on the incorporation of an ultraviolet absorbent of aromatic structure, for example of the family of benzaldehydes.
  • a transparent ultraviolet filter type "Altuglas CN" marketed by Altuglas can be used.
  • the assembly made up of the rigid tube, the window and the UV filter must be UV-resistant, so that this assembly must not show any signs of degradation, such as cracks, surface deformations (increase in surface roughness) or an impairment of transparency after accelerated aging of 1000 hours under UV radiation from xenon arc source or UV fluorescent lamps according to ISO 4892-2 and ISO 4892-3.
  • annular section 8 of the envelope surrounding the interruption contacts 2 is made of an at least translucent elastomeric material and defines the observation window 7.
  • This annular section 8 is a section of the envelope which is arranged substantially in the middle zone of the length of the tube (middle zone in which the moving contact assembly is arranged) so that it is interposed between two other end sections 9,10 of the envelope.
  • the elastomer forming the shell must have good mechanical properties, transparency and aging, and be resistant to ultraviolet radiation and arcing abrasion. More particularly, the elastomer must have a tear strength greater than 6 N / mm. The elastomer must withstand physicochemical aging and attack by water. The dielectric loss factor (tan ⁇ ) of the elastomer must remain below 0.2 after immersion for 50 days in water at 50 ° C. For UV resistance, the elastomer must not show any signs of degradation, such as cracks, surface deformations (increase in surface roughness) or an impairment of transparency after an accelerated aging of 1000 hours under radiation UV xenon arc source or UV fluorescent lamps according to ISO 4892-2 and ISO 4892-3.
  • the material must be at least Class 1A3, 5 according to Method 1 (Criterion A) of IEC 60587.
  • the elastomers mentioned in the invention for producing the casing of electrical equipment do not have a chemical structure of aromatic type. They therefore have good intrinsic resistance to UV. The addition of a UV filter or a UV absorber is therefore unnecessary.
  • the trihydrated alumina particles provide the elastomeric material, as is known to those skilled in the art, increased resistance to dielectric stress but they make the elastomeric material opaque which is illustrated by the hatched lines.
  • the section 8 (shown without hatched lines) is made by injection molding a second elastomer material much less loaded or a second non-filled elastomeric material so that it remains translucent after molding.
  • rectangle 11 schematically represents an injection mold and references 12,13,14 designate three injection ports of the elastomeric material.
  • the injection inlets 12, 13, 14 are spaced along the tube 3.
  • the injection inlet 13 is disposed substantially in the middle of the annular section 8 forming the observation window 7 while the injection inlets 12 and 14 are disposed substantially in the middle of the end sections 9 and 10 respectively.
  • the elastomeric material loaded with alumina particles is injected into the inlets 12 and 14 and at the same time the elastomeric material is injected into the inlet 13 weakly or otherwise. loaded.
  • the casing 4 is made with an annular section 8 at least translucent in the middle part of the casing.
  • the injection inlets 12, 13 and 14 can be shifted along the tube 3 and the number of injection inlets can be increased to form the observation window on a selected area of the envelope.
  • the formation by injection of the envelope 4 around the transparent tube is carried out in two distinct steps. Firstly, the elastomer material that is weakly or not loaded with alumina is injected through the inlet 13 to form the observation window 7 on a selected zone of the envelope 8. Then, when the observation window 7 is finished , elastomeric material loaded with alumina particles is injected through the inlets 12 and 14 to form the end sections 9 and 10 respectively of the envelope.
  • Deposition of the elastomeric material of the casing can also be achieved by winding around the rigid tube rather than by injection.
  • the system thus produced is leakproof and has an annual leakage rate of the order of 0.5% or less.
  • a high or medium voltage electrical switchgear 1 ' according to the invention comprises a composite insulator formed by a rigid tube 3' partially surrounded by an elastomer envelope 4 ', a part not surrounded by this envelope 4' acting as a window observation 7 'interrupt contacts 2'.
  • the rigid tube 3 ' is made of glass which can be protected inside, against the aggressions of the decomposition products of SF 6 . Since the glass is resistant to electric arc abrasion, the glass surface defining the observation window 7 'does not need to be surrounded by an elastomeric envelope.
  • the envelope 4 'of elastomer loaded with mineral fillers partially covering the rigid tube 3 may be formed either by injection or by extrusion (winding). In both cases, so that the insulator can best fulfill its function of electrical insulation, the cohesion between the elastomer 4 'and the tube 3' must be perfect. To do this, it must deposit on the tube before the deposition of the elastomer, a precursor chemical called adhesion primer.
  • This precursor is generally a complex compound of silanes (Si-R 4 ), for example epoxy silanes and solvents.
  • a method which consists in using a mask to prevent the deposition of adhesion primer on the area of the window, then to deposit the elastomer on the entire surface of the tube. rigid and finally to remove the elastomer from the window area and to clean the observation window with alcohol. It is possible to further reduce the adhesion of the elastomer to the zone of the window by depositing on this zone a surfactant or fatty product before the deposition of the elastomer.
  • Another solution is to deposit in the injection mold a foam mask for example to prevent the deposition of the elastomer in the viewing area.
  • the system thus produced is leakproof and has an annual leakage rate of the order of 0.5% or less.
  • high or medium voltage electrical switchgear comprises a composite insulator formed by a rigid tube 3" partly covered by a 4 "elastomer envelope loaded with mineral fillers, the part not covered by this envelope 4 "serving as observation window 7" interrupt contacts 2 ".
  • the rigid tube 3 is made either of translucent composite material, composed of mineral fibers, optionally braided, inserted in a thermosetting polymer, or at least a translucent plastic such as those presented for the rigid tube 3 of the figure 1 .
  • the inside of the tube can be possibly protected against attacks of decomposition products of SF 6 .
  • a porthole 15 '' at least translucent capable of filtering the ultraviolet radiation intended to serve as an observation window
  • This porthole 15 '' may be optionally doped glass to better filter the ultraviolet radiation, or still in translucent polymer, such as for example "Makrolon”, “Altuglas”, polystyrene or PVDF, stabilized to withstand ultraviolet radiation or covered with a UV filter, the window 15 '' is stuck on the tube rigid 3 "by means of a transparent glue epoxy, polyacrylate or silicone, possibly with a preliminary machining of the tube 3".
  • the elastomer envelope 4 '' is then deposited on the rigid tube 3 '' according to the process previously described so that the porthole 15 '' is not covered by the elastomer and can serve as observation window 7 ".
  • the system thus produced is leakproof and has an annual leakage rate of the order of 0.5% or less.
  • the figure 4 represents another embodiment of an electrical switchgear 1 '''high or medium voltage according to the invention comprising a composite insulator formed by a rigid tube 3''' surrounded in part by an elastomer envelope 4 ''', a part not surrounded by this envelope 4''' serving as observation window 7 '''interruption contacts 2'''.
  • the rigid tube 3 '' ' is made of several parts.
  • an insert tube 3 "'of at least translucent material, glass or polymer resistant to ultraviolet radiation is assembled between two tubes 3' '' b ', 3' '' c for example of composite material, mineral fiber compounds, optionally braided, inserted in a thermosetting polymer such as polyurethane or epoxy These elements making up the rigid tube 3 '' 'are glued or screwed and glued together.
  • the insert serves as an observation window 7 '"and is left uncovered by the elastomer forming the envelope by the method described for the figure 2 .
  • the elastomer covers the edges of the insert in order to seal and insulate the apparatus.
  • the system thus produced is leakproof and has an annual leakage rate of the order of 0.5% or less.
  • FIG 5 an example of use with a line disconnector such as 1 of the figure 1 according to the invention which is mounted in series with a circuit breaker 20 under a porcelain shell, for example, the electrical switchgear assembly 1 used as a disconnector and circuit breaker 20 is mounted on the ground on a porcelain support insulator 21.
  • the current I is first cut by the circuit breaker 20, the electrical switchgear 1 uses as a disconnector being then open. Therefore, the disconnector transparent tube 3 is generally not subject to the effects of arcing.
  • the system thus produced is leakproof and has an annual leakage rate of the order of 0.5% or less.
  • FIG 6 an example of use with a line disconnector such as that referenced 1 on the figure 1 according to the invention comprising a vacuum interrupter 22 with a viewing window which is mounted in series with a circuit breaker 20 under a porcelain shell for example, the electrical switchgear assembly 1 used as a disconnector and circuit breaker 20 being mounted on the ground on a porcelain support insulator 21.
  • the current I is first cut by the circuit breaker 20, the electrical switchgear 1 uses as disconnector being then open. Therefore, the disconnector transparent tube 3 is generally not subject to the effects of arcing.
  • the system thus produced is leakproof and has an annual leakage rate of the order of 0.5% or less.
  • a disconnector according to the invention can also be installed in a V configuration with a circuit breaker or in a U configuration, the base of the U being constituted by the circuit breaker and the two branches of the U being each constituted by a disconnector according to the invention.
  • An electrical switchgear according to the invention has the advantage of being simple to manufacture and to have a system for direct identification of the position of the interruption contacts.
  • An electrical switchgear according to the invention could consist of a circuit breaker insofar as the plastic material of the tube is adapted to the attacks of electric arcs and is sufficiently resistant to pressures greater than 6 bars.

Landscapes

  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
  • Insulators (AREA)
  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Testing Relating To Insulation (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Elektrische Hoch- bzw. Mittelspannungsschalteinrichtung (1), die dicht ausgeführt ist und in einem Gehäuse Unterbrechungskontakte (2) aufweist, die eine Offenstellung und eine Schlicßstellung einnehmen können, sowie ein Fenster zum Beobachten der Offenstellung und der Schließstellung der Unterbrechungskontakte (2) von außerhalb des Gehäuses, wobei das Gehäuse ein Verbundisolator ist, der aus einer starren Röhre (3), umgeben von einer Elastomerhülle (4), besteht, deren Außenfläche eine Folge von ringförmigen Rippen definiert, wobei die starre Röhre aus einem zumindest lichtdurchlässigen Kunststoffmaterial herstellt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Abschnitt (8) der Hülle, der die Unterbrechungskontakte umgibt, aus einem zumindest lichtdurchlässigen Elastomermaterial hergestellt ist, wobei dieser Abschnitt das genannte Beobachtungsfenster definiert, wobei der lichtdurchlässige Abschnitt (8) der Hülle durch Spritzformen eines ersten Elastomermaterials hergestellt ist und zwischen zwei Endabschnitten (9, 10) der Hülle eingesetzt ist, die durch Spritzformen eines zweiten Elastomermaterials herstellt sind, das mehr mineralische Füllstoffe enthält als das erste Elastomermaterial, wobei die Bereiche der Einrichtung in Kontakt mit Sonneneinstrahlung aus gegen Ultraviolettstrahlung sicheren Materialien bestehen, wobei das Gehäuse mit einem dielektrischen Gas unter einem Druck von 2 bis 3 bar gefüllt ist.
  2. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das zumindest lichtdurchlässige Kunststoffmaterial aus Polymethylmethacrylat, Polycarbonat, Polystyren oder aus Polyvinylidenfluorid besteht.
  3. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, wobei das Elastomermaterial aus Silikon, Ethylen-Propylen-Kautschuk oder Fluorelastomer besteht.
  4. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei die starre Röhre innen durch Austragung eines transparenten Materials geschützt ist, das chemisch inert ist gegen die Einwirkung der Zersetzungsprodukte von SF6, beispielsweise durch Austragung von Polytetrafluorethylen oder anderen Fluorpolymeren.
EP05748638A 2004-04-07 2005-04-07 Elektrische vorrichtung mit verdichtetem isoliergas, die einen mit einem fenster zur beobachtung der kontakte ausgestatteten zusammengesetzten isolator umfasst Not-in-force EP1733409B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0450697A FR2868875B1 (fr) 2004-04-07 2004-04-07 Appareil electrique comprenant un isolateur composite muni d'une fenetre d'observation des contacts
PCT/FR2005/050213 WO2005101438A2 (fr) 2004-04-07 2005-04-07 Appareil electrique a gaz isolant sous pression comprenant un isolateur composite muni d'une fenetre d'observation des contacts

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1733409A2 EP1733409A2 (de) 2006-12-20
EP1733409B1 true EP1733409B1 (de) 2009-11-18

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EP05748638A Not-in-force EP1733409B1 (de) 2004-04-07 2005-04-07 Elektrische vorrichtung mit verdichtetem isoliergas, die einen mit einem fenster zur beobachtung der kontakte ausgestatteten zusammengesetzten isolator umfasst

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7989726B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1733409B1 (de)
CN (1) CN100573766C (de)
AT (1) ATE449414T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602005017756D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2868875B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2005101438A2 (de)

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WO2018058196A1 (en) * 2016-09-29 2018-04-05 Noja Power Switchgear Pty Ltd Enclosed switch visible break isolator
CN110200421B (zh) * 2019-05-31 2021-01-08 上海智蕙林医疗科技有限公司 一种观察柜和物品查看控制方法
CN113314363B (zh) * 2021-06-28 2022-06-03 深圳市金安科技有限公司 以lora技术控制面板为基础的智能开关

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Publication number Publication date
WO2005101438A2 (fr) 2005-10-27
EP1733409A2 (de) 2006-12-20
WO2005101438A3 (fr) 2006-01-19
ATE449414T1 (de) 2009-12-15
US7989726B2 (en) 2011-08-02
US20070295694A1 (en) 2007-12-27
DE602005017756D1 (de) 2009-12-31
FR2868875A1 (fr) 2005-10-14
FR2868875B1 (fr) 2011-09-23
CN1942991A (zh) 2007-04-04
CN100573766C (zh) 2009-12-23

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