EP1729941B1 - Machine for splitting elongate sections of wood into logs - Google Patents

Machine for splitting elongate sections of wood into logs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1729941B1
EP1729941B1 EP05714720A EP05714720A EP1729941B1 EP 1729941 B1 EP1729941 B1 EP 1729941B1 EP 05714720 A EP05714720 A EP 05714720A EP 05714720 A EP05714720 A EP 05714720A EP 1729941 B1 EP1729941 B1 EP 1729941B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wood
piece
machine according
drum
blades
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Not-in-force
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EP05714720A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1729941A1 (en
Inventor
Dominique Cornu
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Aficor SA
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Aficor SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L7/00—Arrangements for splitting wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L7/00—Arrangements for splitting wood
    • B27L7/06—Arrangements for splitting wood using wedges, knives or spreaders

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a splitting machine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a splitting machine is described by the document FR-A-2,841,173 .
  • Wood splitting machines with a single knife are already known for bursting a section of firewood along the fiber direction of this section. Most of these machines can only split the wood according to a single plan of opening, at each operation. To obtain pieces of wood of smaller section from a larger section, it must be taken several times on the machine. The operation is long, tedious and imprecise. It does not allow to obtain pieces of split wood having more or less similar sections. Most current machines do not allow to split, in a single pass, a section of wood of relatively large section for make pieces of split firewood of approximately similar section.
  • this device comprises means for guiding the sections associated with thrust means against dies with one or more blades according to the number of desired pieces. These dies are formed on a rotating disc to cause the die to use in correspondence with the splitting section.
  • This device is intended for the splitting of small sections of wood to obtain finished products such as fence posts or roof shingles.
  • Firewood is traditionally presented in the form of irregular logs obtained by splitting wood stumps of predetermined length, this splitting being done according to the direction of the fibers which is rarely straight for some species of wood, especially the stumps coming from hardwood trees.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide equipment for optimizing and automating the preparation of firewood logs by splitting to obtain parts of more or less predetermined section, the dimensions and the geometric shape of this section being to be modified almost automatically according to the needs.
  • the knives are flat blades arranged in planes substantially parallel to the axis of the guide element, in that these blades are mounted in groups of blades, each group of blades being composed of a set of blades diverging from a central point, and in that these blades are integral with each other and the circular drum so as to delimit any the internal space of said drum in separate splitting zones respectively corresponding to one of said groups of blades and to a determined number of firewood logs obtained during splitting according to the group of blades used.
  • said guide element for said section of wood is equipped with a support cradle adjustable in position.
  • the support cradle and the rotary drum carrying said blades are adjustable in height relative to each other.
  • said rotary drum comprises an annular peripheral support of said blades bearing a toothing arranged to be engaged with a drive pinion driven in rotation by an electric or hydraulic motor.
  • said drum is rotatable relative to the frame of the machine.
  • some of the knives are radial.
  • said drum defines at least one splitting zone of the section of wood into two logs, at least one splitting zone of the section of wood into four logs, at least one splitting zone of the section of wood into six logs, at least one splitting zone of the eight-log timber section and at least one splitting zone of the sixteen-log timber section.
  • the thrust device advantageously comprises a thrust plate which is integral with the head of a rod of a hydraulic thrust cylinder.
  • the thrust plate is made in two elements sliding vertically relative to each other.
  • the thrust device may comprise a first thrust plate integral with a first thrust hydraulic cylinder and a second thrust plate secured to a second thrust hydraulic cylinder, said first thrust plate having openings. allowing the passage of bars and / or rods integral with said second thrust plate.
  • Said first thrust plate and said second thrust plate are preferably arranged to move simultaneously until the piece of wood to be split is pushed through the knives and said second thrust plate is preferably arranged to move alone with said bars and / or rods at the end of the course to push any pieces of wood stuck out of the knife space.
  • the machine 10 for splitting elongated sections of wood comprises a frame 20 on which is mounted a thrust device 30 and a set of fixed knives 40 mounted on a rotary drum 50.
  • the thrust device 30 is arranged to pushing a section of wood (not shown in this figure) substantially axially against the cutting edge of the knives 40 to split said section into firewood logs of predetermined section and geometry.
  • the frame 20 is arranged to support, on the one hand, a support cradle 21 of the wooden section comprising a guide element 9 which, in the example shown, is in the form of a gutter consisting of two lateral plates. elongate 22 forming an acute angle between them and, secondly, the drum 50 on which are mounted the knives 40.
  • the two plates 22 are secured to two longitudinal members 23 respectively secured to the frame by means of leaf springs 24 and can be spaced relative to each other so as to open the angle of the gutter and allow the increase of the diameter of the section of wood when splitting.
  • Other embodiments may be envisaged, in particular a support consisting of a plurality of parallel blades arranged vertically and mounted on a lifting device which ensures the height adjustment of the section of wood to be split, or a one-piece assembly that is adjustable in height.
  • the knives 40 are in the form of flat blades arranged in planes substantially parallel to the axis of the guide element 9. These blades are mounted in groups of blades, each group of blades being composed of a variable set of quantity of blades diverging from a central point, respectively 41a, 41b, 41c and 41d. These blades are integral with each other and the circular drum 50 and define all the internal space of said drum in separate splitting zones. These splitting zones respectively correspond to one of said groups of blades and to a determined number of firewood logs obtained during splitting according to the group of blades used.
  • the thrust device 30 comprises, in the example shown, a thrust plate 31 which is integral with the head of a rod of a hydraulic thrust cylinder 32.
  • the thrust plate 31 has the function of being supported on the distal end of an elongated section of firewood to crack to push the latter against the cutting edge of the knives 40.
  • This thrust device could of course be built differently.
  • the thrust plate could be made in two elements sliding vertically relative to each other to be constantly in optimal support on the distal end of the wooden section irrespective of the height of the guide element.
  • the hydraulic thrust cylinder 32 is fixed in position and the guide element is adjustable in height. As a result, the mentioned optimum support is obtained when the thrust exerted by the cylinder rod is transmitted. integrally on the section of wood to be split without causing a deformation of the thrust plate 31.
  • the frame 20 comprises a frontal vertical support 25 (see figure 2 ) and a rear vertical support 26 (see figure 1 ) as well as horizontal crosspieces 27 and 28 which connect the two vertical supports.
  • This frame carries in particular the hydraulic thrust cylinder 32 via two uprights 22b secured to the vertical front 25 and rear 26 and two vertical flat profiles 29a.
  • the drum 50 is rotatable relative to the frame 20 and said frame carries the axis of rotation 51 of the drum 50 on which are mounted the knives 40.
  • the drum can be rotatable relative to the frame by the intermediate of several holding rollers.
  • the drum 50 consists of an annular peripheral ring 52 which is provided with a toothing 53 arranged to be engaged with a drive pinion 54 which is rotated by an electric or hydraulic motor 55.
  • This toothing can be either performed in the peripheral circle is reported and be in the form of a chain or a rack.
  • the frame also carries two supports 60 intended to receive a roller (not shown) whose function is to cooperate with a device for automatically feeding the sections of wood to be split and to allow them to be placed on the guide element intended for to receive them.
  • the knives 40 mounted inside the circle 52 define splitting zones that are differentiated by the number of logs that can be obtained in a single passage of the section of wood to be split and by the geometry of their section. Depending on the diameter of said section, the operator can select the splitting zone by a simple rotation of the drum 50 so as to bring the selected area in front of the section of timber carried the support cradle 21.
  • the zones are for example defined as follows : Zone S2, which splits a section of firewood into two logs, Zone S4 splits it into four logs, Zone S6 splits it into six logs, Zone S8 splits it into eight logs, and Zone S16 which splits it into sixteen logs.
  • zones are traversed by four radial knives 40a, 40b, 40c and 40d corresponding to radii of the circle 52 and fixed on the one hand to the center 51 of the circle and inside the latter and, on the other hand , by a number of fixed and mobile knives.
  • Zone S2 is crossed only by the knife 40c.
  • the zone S4 is crossed by the knife 40c and by a knife 40e which is perpendicular to the knife 40c in the center of this zone.
  • the zone S6 is defined by a bundle of three fixed knives, including the knife 40d and two other knives 43 and 44 which intersect at the center of this zone.
  • the zone S8 is defined by a bundle of four fixed knives, including the knife 40b and three other knives 45, 46 and 47 which intersect at the center of this zone.
  • the zone S16 is defined by a bundle of four fixed knives, whose knives 40a, 44 and 45 and another knife 48 which intersect at the center of this zone and by a set of eight knives 49, pivotable along an axis parallel to their cutting edge that are arranged in a regular octagon.
  • the knives 49 are movable in order to prevent jamming of the logs if the vein of the wood is irregular, twisted or twisted
  • the figure 4 represents a rear view of the drum in the use phase for splitting a section of firewood 100.
  • the selected area is zone S16 which splits the wood into sixteen logs 101 by means of the fixed knives and swivel knives that define this area.
  • the pivoting knives can change their position depending on the stresses exerted during splitting, these constraints being related to the structure of the wood and in particular to the orientation and the entanglement of the veins of this wood.
  • the machine according to the invention can be used in all positions which allows splitting vertically or any inclination.
  • the support cradle 21 which included a guiding element in the form of a trough consisting of two elongate side plates 22 forming an acute angle between them, is replaced by a number of flat elements 110 parallel between they are erected vertically, offset in height so as to maintain the function of sloping guide gutters in which the piece of wood to be slid slides towards the knives 40 when it is pushed by the thrust device 30.
  • the thrust device 30 comprises a first thrust plate 111 integral with the piston of the hydraulic thrust cylinder 32 and which has a series of slots 112 traversed by the flat elements 110 which form said guide channel.
  • the machine further comprises a opening series 113 whose function will be described below.
  • the thrust device 30 further comprises a second thrust plate 114 secured to at least a second piston of the hydraulic thrust cylinder schematically indicated by the arrow 115 and which carries a set of bars and / or rods 116 (see FIG. figure 6 ) which are arranged to pass through the openings 113. It is in fact pushers that extract the pieces of wood that may remain stuck between the knives 40 after the slot of a block of wood logs under the effect of the thrust by the first thrust plate 111.
  • a piece of wood 100 (see figure 4 ) is disposed on the guide channel and is pushed against the knives 40 by the first thrust plate 111 actuated by the piston of the hydraulic thrust cylinder 32.
  • This cylinder moves the first thrust plate 111 to the immediate vicinity of the blades
  • the second thrust plate 114 which is axially offset from the first thrust plate 111, moves simultaneously.
  • the bars and / or rods 116 then pass through the corresponding openings 113 and engage in the spaces between the knives so as to repress the pieces of wood that may have got stuck between these knives.
  • This double pusher system can be applied to any type of log splitter, those with parallel knives, knives with cross knives and knives with moving knife sets on a rotating drum, such as the machine illustrated by the aforementioned figures.
  • the support cradle 21 can be vertically movable relative to its support constituted by the frame 20. This mobility can be obtained by manual or mechanical means. It facilitates the positioning of the piece of wood to be slotted relative to the knives 40. The latter can be moved by rotation of the drum 50. dimensions of this piece of wood and the number or dimensions of the logs that one wishes to obtain, the complementary displacement of the support cradle 21 is an additional advantage that increases the number of possibilities.

Abstract

The invention relates to a machine for splitting elongate sections of wood, i.e. logs of wood for a fire, enabling the splitting of wood to be optimized and automated in order to obtain pieces of wood having a predetermined section which can be quickly and easily modified according to requirements. The machine (10) comprises a frame (20), fixed knives (40) which are mounted on said frame and disposed in a substantially perpendicular manner with respect to the axis of the section of wood which is to be split, a support cradle (21) for the section of wood and a pushing device (30) designed to push the elongate section of wood in a substantially axial manner against the knives. The inventive machine also comprises a drum (50) which can rotate about an axis (51) which is substantially parallel to the axis of the section of wood to be split. The knives (40) are mounted on the rotary drum and are disposed in a manner such as to define distinct splitting areas, each corresponding to a number and/or different geometry of the section of the logs of wood for a fire obtained during the splitting process.

Description

Domaine techniqueTechnical area

La présente invention concerne une machine à fendre selon le préambule de la revendication 1. Une telle machine est décrite par le document FR-A-2 841 173 .The present invention relates to a splitting machine according to the preamble of claim 1. Such a machine is described by the document FR-A-2,841,173 .

Technique antérieurePrior art

Pour de nombreuses utilisations du bois, par exemple la fabrication de douves de tonneaux, de manches d'outils à main, et en particulier pour la production de bois de chauffage pour les cheminées ouvertes ou les cassettes, il est nécessaire ou habituel de préparer les pièces de bois par fendage et non par sciage. Le sciage a pour effet de couper la fibre du bois alors que le fendage suit la veine du bois, ce qui permet à l'objet réalisé de présenter une meilleure résistance aux contraintes et notamment à la flexion et à la torsion.For many uses of wood, for example the manufacture of barrel moats, hand tool handles, and in particular for the production of firewood for open fireplaces or cassettes, it is necessary or usual to prepare pieces of wood by splitting and not by sawing. Sawing has the effect of cutting the wood fiber while the splitting follows the wood grain, which allows the object made to have a better resistance to stress and in particular to bending and twisting.

On connaît déjà des machines à fendre du bois comportant un couteau unique destiné à faire éclater un tronçon de bois de feu selon la direction des fibres de ce tronçon. La plupart de ces machines ne permettent de fendre le bois que suivant un seul plan d'ouverture, à chaque opération. Pour obtenir des morceaux de bois de plus faible section à partir d'un tronçon de plus grand gabarit, celui-ci doit être repris plusieurs fois sur la machine. L'opération est longue, fastidieuse et peu précise. Elle ne permet pas d'obtenir des pièces de bois fendu ayant des sections plus ou moins similaires. La plupart des machines actuelles ne permet pas de fendre, en une seule passe, un tronçon de bois de relativement grosse section pour réaliser des pièces de bois de feu fendu de section approximativement similaire.Wood splitting machines with a single knife are already known for bursting a section of firewood along the fiber direction of this section. Most of these machines can only split the wood according to a single plan of opening, at each operation. To obtain pieces of wood of smaller section from a larger section, it must be taken several times on the machine. The operation is long, tedious and imprecise. It does not allow to obtain pieces of split wood having more or less similar sections. Most current machines do not allow to split, in a single pass, a section of wood of relatively large section for make pieces of split firewood of approximately similar section.

Le brevet canadien CA 1 097 193 et la publication européenne EP 0 334 741 décrivent des machines à fendre et à couper des morceaux de bois de section rectangulaire ou carrée, couramment appelés carrelets, grâce à une grille rigide de couteaux fixes montés dans un cadre selon deux directions perpendiculaires. Le but de ces machines est de réaliser des morceaux de bois de section régulière ayant des faces planes, pour pouvoir être assemblés et collés afin de constituer des panneaux du type dit lamellé collé, comme le montre le brevet canadien.The Canadian patent CA 1,097,193 and the European publication EP 0 334 741 describe machines for splitting and cutting pieces of wood of rectangular or square section, commonly called squares, thanks to a rigid grid of fixed knives mounted in a frame in two perpendicular directions. The purpose of these machines is to make pieces of regular section wood having flat faces, to be assembled and glued to form panels called glued laminated type, as shown in the Canadian patent.

On connaît également par la publication française FR 2 841 173 un dispositif de fendage de bois permettant d'obtenir une bonne qualité du fini des morceaux obtenus. A cet effet, ce dispositif comporte des moyens de guidage des tronçons associés à des moyens de poussée contre des filières à une ou plusieurs lames suivant le nombre de morceaux désirés. Ces filières sont ménagées sur un disque rotatif pour amener la filière à utiliser en correspondance avec le tronçon à fendre. Ce dispositif est prévu pour le fendage de tronçons de bois de faible section pour obtenir des produits finis tels que des piquets de clôture ou des bardeaux de toits.Also known by the French publication FR 2 841 173 a wood splitting device to obtain a good quality of the finished pieces obtained. For this purpose, this device comprises means for guiding the sections associated with thrust means against dies with one or more blades according to the number of desired pieces. These dies are formed on a rotating disc to cause the die to use in correspondence with the splitting section. This device is intended for the splitting of small sections of wood to obtain finished products such as fence posts or roof shingles.

Exposé de l'inventionPresentation of the invention

Le bois de feu est traditionnellement présenté sous la forme de bûches irrégulières obtenues par fendage de tronçons de bois de longueur prédéterminée, ce fendage étant fait selon la direction des fibres qui est rarement rectiligne pour certaines essences de bois, en particulier les tronçons provenant d'arbres feuillus.Firewood is traditionally presented in the form of irregular logs obtained by splitting wood stumps of predetermined length, this splitting being done according to the direction of the fibers which is rarely straight for some species of wood, especially the stumps coming from hardwood trees.

Le but de la présente invention est de fournir un équipement permettant d'optimiser et d'automatiser la préparation de bûches de bois de feu par fendage pour obtenir des pièces de section plus ou moins prédéterminée, les dimensions et la forme géométrique de cette section pouvant être modifiées quasi automatiquement en fonction des besoins.The object of the present invention is to provide equipment for optimizing and automating the preparation of firewood logs by splitting to obtain parts of more or less predetermined section, the dimensions and the geometric shape of this section being to be modified almost automatically according to the needs.

Ce but est atteint par la machine selon l'invention telle que définie en préambule et caractérisée en ce en ce que les couteaux sont des lames planes disposées selon des plans sensiblement parallèles à l'axe de l'élément de guidage, en ce que ces lames sont montées par groupes de lames, chaque groupe de lames étant composé d'un ensemble de lames divergeant à partir d'un point central, et en ce que ces lames sont solidaires les unes des autres et du tambour circulaire de manière à délimiter tout l'espace intérieur dudit tambour en zones de fendage distinctes correspondant respectivement à un desdits groupes de lames et à un nombre déterminé de bûches de bois de feu obtenues lors du fendage selon le groupe de lames utilisé.This object is achieved by the machine according to the invention as defined in the preamble and characterized in that the knives are flat blades arranged in planes substantially parallel to the axis of the guide element, in that these blades are mounted in groups of blades, each group of blades being composed of a set of blades diverging from a central point, and in that these blades are integral with each other and the circular drum so as to delimit any the internal space of said drum in separate splitting zones respectively corresponding to one of said groups of blades and to a determined number of firewood logs obtained during splitting according to the group of blades used.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, ledit élément de guidage pour ledit tronçon de bois est équipé d'un berceau de support réglable en position.According to a preferred embodiment, said guide element for said section of wood is equipped with a support cradle adjustable in position.

De manière particulièrement avantageuse, le berceau de support et le tambour rotatif portant lesdites lames sont réglables en hauteur l'un par rapport à l'autre.Particularly advantageously, the support cradle and the rotary drum carrying said blades are adjustable in height relative to each other.

Selon un mode de construction avantageux, ledit tambour rotatif comporte un support périphérique annulaire desdites lames portant une denture agencée pour être en prise avec un pignon d'entraînement entraîné en rotation par un moteur électrique ou hydraulique.According to an advantageous embodiment, said rotary drum comprises an annular peripheral support of said blades bearing a toothing arranged to be engaged with a drive pinion driven in rotation by an electric or hydraulic motor.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, ledit tambour est rotatif par rapport au bâti de la machine.According to a preferred embodiment, said drum is rotatable relative to the frame of the machine.

De façon avantageuse, parmi les couteaux certains sont radiaux.Advantageously, some of the knives are radial.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, ledit tambour délimite au moins une zone de fendage du tronçon de bois en deux bûches, au moins une zone-de fendage du tronçon de bois en quatre bûches, au moins une zone de fendage du tronçon de bois en six bûches, au moins une zone de fendage du tronçon de bois en huit bûches et au moins une zone de fendage du tronçon de bois en seize bûches.According to a preferred embodiment, said drum defines at least one splitting zone of the section of wood into two logs, at least one splitting zone of the section of wood into four logs, at least one splitting zone of the section of wood into six logs, at least one splitting zone of the eight-log timber section and at least one splitting zone of the sixteen-log timber section.

Le dispositif de poussée comporte avantageusement une plaque de poussée qui est solidaire de la tête d'une tige d'un vérin hydraulique de poussée.The thrust device advantageously comprises a thrust plate which is integral with the head of a rod of a hydraulic thrust cylinder.

Selon une forme de réalisation avantageuse, la plaque de poussée est réalisée en deux éléments coulissant verticalement l'un par rapport à l'autre.According to an advantageous embodiment, the thrust plate is made in two elements sliding vertically relative to each other.

Selon une variante de réalisation, le dispositif de poussée peut comporter une première plaque de poussée solidaire d'un premier vérin hydraulique de poussée et une seconde plaque de poussée solidaire d'un second vérin hydraulique de poussée, ladite première plaque de poussée ayant des ouvertures permettant le passage de barres et/ou tiges solidaires de ladite seconde plaque de poussée.According to an alternative embodiment, the thrust device may comprise a first thrust plate integral with a first thrust hydraulic cylinder and a second thrust plate secured to a second thrust hydraulic cylinder, said first thrust plate having openings. allowing the passage of bars and / or rods integral with said second thrust plate.

Ladite première plaque de poussée et ladite seconde plaque de poussée sont de préférence agencées pour se déplacer simultanément jusqu'à ce que la pièce de bois à fendre soit poussée à travers les couteaux et ladite seconde plaque de poussée est de préférence agencée pour se déplacer seule avec lesdites barres et/ou tiges en fin de parcours pour pousser les éventuels morceaux de bois coincés hors de l'espace des couteaux.Said first thrust plate and said second thrust plate are preferably arranged to move simultaneously until the piece of wood to be split is pushed through the knives and said second thrust plate is preferably arranged to move alone with said bars and / or rods at the end of the course to push any pieces of wood stuck out of the knife space.

Description sommaire des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

La présente invention et ses principaux avantages apparaîtront mieux dans la description détaillée d'une forme de réalisation préférée et en référence aux dessins annexés donnés à titre indicatif et non limitatif, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective de la machine selon l'invention,
  • la figure 2 représente une vue en élévation de la machine,
  • la figure 3 représente une vue en plan des couteaux de la machine selon l'invention de la figure 1,
  • la figure 4 représente une vue en perspective des couteaux de la machine, en mode de fonctionnement pour le fendage d'un tronçon allongé de bois en bûches de longueur prédéterminée,
  • la figure 5 représente une vue en perspective d'une variante de réalisation de la machine selon l'invention, dans une première position de fonctionnement, et
  • la figure 6 représente une vue en perspective de la variante de réalisation selon la figure 5, dans une seconde position de fonctionnement.
The present invention and its main advantages will appear better in the detailed description of a preferred embodiment and with reference to the appended drawings given by way of non-limiting indication, in which:
  • the figure 1 is a perspective view of the machine according to the invention,
  • the figure 2 represents an elevational view of the machine,
  • the figure 3 represents a plan view of the knives of the machine according to the invention of the figure 1 ,
  • the figure 4 represents a perspective view of the knives of the machine, in operating mode for splitting an elongated section of wood into logs of predetermined length,
  • the figure 5 represents a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the machine according to the invention, in a first operating position, and
  • the figure 6 represents a perspective view of the embodiment variant according to the figure 5 in a second operating position.

Manière(s) de réaliser l'inventionWay (s) to realize the invention

En référence à la figure 1, la machine 10 à fendre des tronçons allongés de bois selon l'invention comprend un bâti 20 sur lequel est monté un dispositif de poussée 30 et un ensemble de couteaux fixes 40 montés sur un tambour rotatif 50. Le dispositif de poussée 30 est agencé pour pousser un tronçon de bois (non représenté sur cette figure) sensiblement axialement contre le tranchant des couteaux 40 pour fendre ledit tronçon en bûches de bois de feu de section et de géométrie prédéterminées.With reference to the figure 1 , the machine 10 for splitting elongated sections of wood according to the invention comprises a frame 20 on which is mounted a thrust device 30 and a set of fixed knives 40 mounted on a rotary drum 50. The thrust device 30 is arranged to pushing a section of wood (not shown in this figure) substantially axially against the cutting edge of the knives 40 to split said section into firewood logs of predetermined section and geometry.

Le bâti 20 est agencé pour supporter, d'une part, un berceau de support 21 du tronçon de bois comportant un élément de guidage 9 qui, dans l'exemple représenté, se présente sous la forme d'une gouttière constituée de deux plaques latérales allongées 22 formant un angle aigu entre elles et, d'autre part, le tambour 50 sur lequel sont montés les couteaux 40. Les deux plaques 22 sont solidaires de deux longerons 23 rendus respectivement solidaires du bâti au moyen de ressorts à lames 24 et peuvent être écartées l'une par rapport à l'autre de manière à ouvrir l'angle de la gouttière et permettre l'augmentation du diamètre du tronçon de bois lors du fendage. D'autres formes de réalisations sont envisageables, notamment un support constitué de plusieurs lames parallèles disposées verticalement et montées sur un dispositif élévateur qui assure l'ajustement en hauteur du tronçon de bois à fendre, ou un ensemble monobloc réglable en hauteur.The frame 20 is arranged to support, on the one hand, a support cradle 21 of the wooden section comprising a guide element 9 which, in the example shown, is in the form of a gutter consisting of two lateral plates. elongate 22 forming an acute angle between them and, secondly, the drum 50 on which are mounted the knives 40. The two plates 22 are secured to two longitudinal members 23 respectively secured to the frame by means of leaf springs 24 and can be spaced relative to each other so as to open the angle of the gutter and allow the increase of the diameter of the section of wood when splitting. Other embodiments may be envisaged, in particular a support consisting of a plurality of parallel blades arranged vertically and mounted on a lifting device which ensures the height adjustment of the section of wood to be split, or a one-piece assembly that is adjustable in height.

Les couteaux 40 se présentent sous la forme de lames planes disposées selon des plans sensiblement parallèles à l'axe de l'élément de guidage 9. Ces lames sont montées par groupes de lames, chaque groupe de lames étant composé d'un ensemble variable en quantité de lames divergeant à partir d'un point central, respectivement 41a, 41b, 41c et 41d. Ces lames sont solidaires les unes des autres et du tambour circulaire 50 et délimitent tout l'espace intérieur dudit tambour en zones de fendage distinctes. Ces zones de fendage correspondent respectivement à un desdits groupes de lames et à un nombre déterminé de bûches de bois de feu obtenues lors du fendage selon le groupe de lames utilisé.The knives 40 are in the form of flat blades arranged in planes substantially parallel to the axis of the guide element 9. These blades are mounted in groups of blades, each group of blades being composed of a variable set of quantity of blades diverging from a central point, respectively 41a, 41b, 41c and 41d. These blades are integral with each other and the circular drum 50 and define all the internal space of said drum in separate splitting zones. These splitting zones respectively correspond to one of said groups of blades and to a determined number of firewood logs obtained during splitting according to the group of blades used.

Le dispositif de poussée 30 comporte, dans l'exemple représenté, une plaque de poussée 31 qui est solidaire de la tête d'une tige d'un vérin hydraulique de poussée 32. La plaque de poussée 31 a pour fonction de prendre appui sur l'extrémité distale d'un tronçon allongé de bois de feu à fendre pour pousser ce dernier contre le tranchant des couteaux 40. Ce dispositif de poussée pourrait bien entendu être construit différemment. La plaque de poussée pourrait être réalisée en deux éléments coulissant verticalement l'un par rapport à l'autre pour être constamment en appui optimal sur l'extrémité distale du tronçon de bois quelle que soit la hauteur de l'élément de guidage. En effet, dans la réalisation prévue, le vérin hydraulique de poussée 32 est fixe en position et l'élément de guidage est ajustable en hauteur. En conséquence, l'appui optimal mentionné s'obtient lorsque la poussée exercée par la tige du vérin se transmet intégralement sur le tronçon de bois à fendre sans engendrer une déformation de la plaque de poussée 31.The thrust device 30 comprises, in the example shown, a thrust plate 31 which is integral with the head of a rod of a hydraulic thrust cylinder 32. The thrust plate 31 has the function of being supported on the distal end of an elongated section of firewood to crack to push the latter against the cutting edge of the knives 40. This thrust device could of course be built differently. The thrust plate could be made in two elements sliding vertically relative to each other to be constantly in optimal support on the distal end of the wooden section irrespective of the height of the guide element. Indeed, in the intended embodiment, the hydraulic thrust cylinder 32 is fixed in position and the guide element is adjustable in height. As a result, the mentioned optimum support is obtained when the thrust exerted by the cylinder rod is transmitted. integrally on the section of wood to be split without causing a deformation of the thrust plate 31.

Le bâti 20 comporte un support vertical frontal 25 (voir figure 2) et un support vertical arrière 26 (voir figure 1) ainsi que des traverses horizontales 27 et 28 qui relient les deux supports verticaux. Ce bâti porte notamment le vérin hydraulique de poussée 32 par l'intermédiaire de deux montants 22b solidaires des supports verticaux frontal 25 et arrière 26 et de deux profils plats verticaux 29a. Le tambour 50 est rotatif par rapport au bâti 20 et ledit bâti porte l'axe de rotation 51 du tambour 50 sur lequel sont montés les couteaux 40. Dans une autre variante de réalisation, le tambour peut être rotatif par rapport au bâti par l'intermédiaire de plusieurs galets de maintien. Le tambour 50 est constitué d'un cercle périphérique annulaire 52 qui est pourvu d'une denture 53 agencée pour être en prise avec un pignon d'entraînement 54 qui est entraîné en rotation par un moteur électrique ou hydraulique 55. Cette denture peut être soit réalisée dans le cercle périphérique soit rapportée et se présenter sous la forme d'une chaîne ou d'une crémaillère. Le bâti porte également deux supports 60 destinés à recevoir un rouleau (non représenté) dont la fonction est de coopérer avec un dispositif d'amenée automatique des tronçons de bois à fendre et de permettre leur mise en place sur l'élément de guidage destiné à les recevoir.The frame 20 comprises a frontal vertical support 25 (see figure 2 ) and a rear vertical support 26 (see figure 1 ) as well as horizontal crosspieces 27 and 28 which connect the two vertical supports. This frame carries in particular the hydraulic thrust cylinder 32 via two uprights 22b secured to the vertical front 25 and rear 26 and two vertical flat profiles 29a. The drum 50 is rotatable relative to the frame 20 and said frame carries the axis of rotation 51 of the drum 50 on which are mounted the knives 40. In another embodiment, the drum can be rotatable relative to the frame by the intermediate of several holding rollers. The drum 50 consists of an annular peripheral ring 52 which is provided with a toothing 53 arranged to be engaged with a drive pinion 54 which is rotated by an electric or hydraulic motor 55. This toothing can be either performed in the peripheral circle is reported and be in the form of a chain or a rack. The frame also carries two supports 60 intended to receive a roller (not shown) whose function is to cooperate with a device for automatically feeding the sections of wood to be split and to allow them to be placed on the guide element intended for to receive them.

Les couteaux 40 montés à l'intérieur du cercle 52 définissent des zones de fendage qui se différencient par le nombre de bûches pouvant être obtenues en un seul passage du tronçon de bois à fendre et par la géométrie de leur section. Selon le diamètre dudit tronçon, l'opérateur peut sélectionner la zone de fendage par une simple rotation du tambour 50 de manière à amener la zone sélectionnée en face du tronçon de bois porté le berceau de support 21. Les zones sont par exemple définies comme suit: la zone S2 qui permet de fendre un tronçon de bois de feu en deux bûches, la zone S4 qui la fend en quatre bûches, la zone S6 qui la fend en six bûches, la zone S8 qui la fend en huit bûches et la zone S16 qui la fend en seize bûches.The knives 40 mounted inside the circle 52 define splitting zones that are differentiated by the number of logs that can be obtained in a single passage of the section of wood to be split and by the geometry of their section. Depending on the diameter of said section, the operator can select the splitting zone by a simple rotation of the drum 50 so as to bring the selected area in front of the section of timber carried the support cradle 21. The zones are for example defined as follows : Zone S2, which splits a section of firewood into two logs, Zone S4 splits it into four logs, Zone S6 splits it into six logs, Zone S8 splits it into eight logs, and Zone S16 which splits it into sixteen logs.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré par la figure 3, ces zones sont traversées par quatre couteaux radiaux 40a, 40b, 40c et 40d correspondant à des rayons du cercle 52 et fixés, d'une part, au centre 51 du cercle et à l'intérieur de ce dernier et, d'autre part, par un certain nombre de couteaux fixes et mobiles. La zone S2 est traversée uniquement par le couteau 40c. La zone S4 est traversée par le couteau 40c et par un couteau 40e qui est perpendiculaire au couteau 40c au centre de cette zone. La zone S6 est définie par un faisceau de trois couteaux fixes, dont le couteau 40d et deux autres couteaux 43 et 44 qui se coupent au centre de cette zone. La zone S8 est définie par un faisceau de quatre couteaux fixes, dont le couteau 40b et trois autres couteaux 45, 46 et 47 qui se coupent au centre de cette zone. La zone S16 est définie par un faisceau de quatre couteaux fixes, dont les couteaux 40a, 44 et 45 ainsi qu'un autre couteau 48 qui se coupent au centre de cette zone et par un ensemble de huit couteaux 49, pouvant pivoter selon un axe parallèle à leur tranchant qui sont disposés selon un octogone régulier. Les couteaux 49 sont mobiles afin d'éviter le coincement des bûches si la veine du bois est irrégulière, torsadée ou vrilléeIn the exemplary embodiment illustrated by the figure 3 these zones are traversed by four radial knives 40a, 40b, 40c and 40d corresponding to radii of the circle 52 and fixed on the one hand to the center 51 of the circle and inside the latter and, on the other hand , by a number of fixed and mobile knives. Zone S2 is crossed only by the knife 40c. The zone S4 is crossed by the knife 40c and by a knife 40e which is perpendicular to the knife 40c in the center of this zone. The zone S6 is defined by a bundle of three fixed knives, including the knife 40d and two other knives 43 and 44 which intersect at the center of this zone. The zone S8 is defined by a bundle of four fixed knives, including the knife 40b and three other knives 45, 46 and 47 which intersect at the center of this zone. The zone S16 is defined by a bundle of four fixed knives, whose knives 40a, 44 and 45 and another knife 48 which intersect at the center of this zone and by a set of eight knives 49, pivotable along an axis parallel to their cutting edge that are arranged in a regular octagon. The knives 49 are movable in order to prevent jamming of the logs if the vein of the wood is irregular, twisted or twisted

Il est bien évident que le nombre de fendages par zone de fendage peut être modifié suivant la disposition et le nombre de couteaux.It is obvious that the number of splits by splitting zone can be modified according to the arrangement and the number of knives.

D'autres géométries sont envisageables en fonction du positionnement des couteaux, mais le principe du tambour avec différentes zones de fendage est appliqué dans tous les cas de figures. Il permet de passer rapidement, par une simple rotation du tambour et un ajustage manuel ou automatique de la hauteur de l'élément de guidage, d'une configuration des couteaux de fendage à une autre tout en respectant le centrage du fendage quel que soit le diamètre du tronçon à fendre.Other geometries are possible depending on the positioning of the knives, but the principle of the drum with different splitting zones is applied in all cases. It allows to quickly move, by a simple rotation of the drum and a manual or automatic adjustment of the height of the guide element, a configuration of the splitting knives to another while respecting the centering of the splitting whatever the diameter of the section to be split.

La figure 4 représente une vue arrière du tambour en phase d'utilisation pour le fendage d'un tronçon de bois de feu 100. La zone sélectionnée est la zone S16 qui fend le bois en seize bûches 101 au moyen des couteaux fixes et des couteaux pivotants qui définissent cette zone. Les couteaux pivotants peuvent modifier leur position en fonction des contraintes exercées lors du fendage, ces contraintes étant liées à la structure du bois et en particulier à l'orientation et l'enchevêtrement des veines de ce bois.The figure 4 represents a rear view of the drum in the use phase for splitting a section of firewood 100. The selected area is zone S16 which splits the wood into sixteen logs 101 by means of the fixed knives and swivel knives that define this area. The pivoting knives can change their position depending on the stresses exerted during splitting, these constraints being related to the structure of the wood and in particular to the orientation and the entanglement of the veins of this wood.

La machine selon l'invention peut être utilisée dans toutes les positions ce qui permet de faire le fendage verticalement ou suivant n'importe quelle inclinaison.The machine according to the invention can be used in all positions which allows splitting vertically or any inclination.

Un des problèmes qui peut se poser-est celui du blocage des bûches entre les lames des couteaux, selon le bois qui est fendu. Certains types de bois, comme le chêne par exemple, peuvent être très noueux et se fendent de façon irrégulière. Dans ce cas, il peut arriver que des morceaux de bois se coincent entre les lames des couteaux 40 montés dans le tambour 50. Afin d'éviter ces désagréments, la variante de réalisation illustrée par les figures 5 et 6 comporte des composants supplémentaires qui garantissent un fonctionnement impeccable sans aucun risque de coincement de morceaux de bois noueux entre les couteaux. Seuls les composants nouveaux par rapport à la réalisation décrite ci-dessus portent des références différentes. Les autres composants identiques à ceux décrits en liaison avec les figures précédentes conservent les mêmes numéros de référence.One of the problems that can arise is the blocking of logs between knife blades, depending on the wood being split. Some types of wood, such as oak, can be very gnarled and crack unevenly. In this case, it may happen that pieces of wood get stuck between the blades of the knives 40 mounted in the drum 50. In order to avoid these inconveniences, the embodiment variant illustrated by the figures 5 and 6 features additional components that ensure flawless operation without any risk of jamming pieces of knotty wood between the knives. Only the new components compared to the embodiment described above bear different references. The other components identical to those described in connection with the preceding figures retain the same reference numbers.

Dans cette réalisation, le berceau de support 21, qui comportait un élément de guidage sous la forme d'une gouttière constituée de deux plaques latérales allongées 22 formant un angle aigu entre elles, est remplacé par un certain nombre d'éléments plats 110 parallèles entre eux et dressés verticalement, décalés en hauteur de manière à conserver cette fonction de gouttière de guidage à flancs inclinés dans laquelle la pièce de bois à fendre glisse en direction des couteaux 40 lorsqu'elle est poussée par le dispositif de poussée 30. Dans cette variante, le dispositif de poussée 30 comporte une première plaque de poussée 111 solidaire du piston du vérin hydraulique de poussée 32 et qui présente une série de fentes 112 traversées par les éléments plats 110 qui forment ladite gouttière de guidage. La machine comporte en outre une série d'ouverture 113 dont la fonction sera décrite ci-après. Le dispositif de poussée 30 comporte par ailleurs une seconde plaque de poussée 114 solidaire d'au moins un second piston- du vérin hydraulique de poussée schématiquement désigné par la flèche 115 et qui porte un ensemble de barres et/ou de tiges 116 (voir figure 6) qui sont agencées pour traverser les ouvertures 113. Il s'agit en fait de poussoirs qui extraient les morceaux de bois qui restent éventuellement coincés entre les couteaux 40 après la fente d'un bloc de bois en bûches sous l'effet de la poussée par la première plaque de poussée 111.In this embodiment, the support cradle 21, which included a guiding element in the form of a trough consisting of two elongate side plates 22 forming an acute angle between them, is replaced by a number of flat elements 110 parallel between they are erected vertically, offset in height so as to maintain the function of sloping guide gutters in which the piece of wood to be slid slides towards the knives 40 when it is pushed by the thrust device 30. In this variant , the thrust device 30 comprises a first thrust plate 111 integral with the piston of the hydraulic thrust cylinder 32 and which has a series of slots 112 traversed by the flat elements 110 which form said guide channel. The machine further comprises a opening series 113 whose function will be described below. The thrust device 30 further comprises a second thrust plate 114 secured to at least a second piston of the hydraulic thrust cylinder schematically indicated by the arrow 115 and which carries a set of bars and / or rods 116 (see FIG. figure 6 ) which are arranged to pass through the openings 113. It is in fact pushers that extract the pieces of wood that may remain stuck between the knives 40 after the slot of a block of wood logs under the effect of the thrust by the first thrust plate 111.

En fonctionnement, une pièce de bois 100 (voir figure 4) est disposée sur la gouttière de guidage puis elle est poussée contre les couteaux 40 par la première plaque de poussée 111 actionnée par le piston du vérin hydraulique de poussée 32. Ce vérin déplace la première plaque de poussée 111 jusqu'à proximité immédiate des lames de couteaux 40. La seconde plaque de poussée 114, qui est décalée axialement par rapport à la première plaque de poussée 111, se déplace simultanément. Lorsque la première plaque de poussée 111 arrive à proximité des couteaux, elle est arrêtée, mais la seconde plaque de poussée 114 continue à avancer, mue par son ou ses propres vérins de poussée. Les barres et/ou tiges 116 traversent alors les ouvertures correspondantes 113 et s'engagent dans les espaces séparant les couteaux de manière à refouler les morceaux de bois qui se sont éventuellement coincés entre ces couteaux. Ce système à double poussoir peut s'appliquer sur n'importe quel type de fendeuse, celles qui ont des couteaux parallèles, celles qui ont des couteaux croisés et celles qui ont des jeux de couteaux mobiles sur un tambour rotatif, comme la machine illustrée par les figures susmentionnées.In operation, a piece of wood 100 (see figure 4 ) is disposed on the guide channel and is pushed against the knives 40 by the first thrust plate 111 actuated by the piston of the hydraulic thrust cylinder 32. This cylinder moves the first thrust plate 111 to the immediate vicinity of the blades The second thrust plate 114, which is axially offset from the first thrust plate 111, moves simultaneously. When the first thrust plate 111 arrives near the knives, it is stopped, but the second thrust plate 114 continues to move, moved by his or her own thrust cylinders. The bars and / or rods 116 then pass through the corresponding openings 113 and engage in the spaces between the knives so as to repress the pieces of wood that may have got stuck between these knives. This double pusher system can be applied to any type of log splitter, those with parallel knives, knives with cross knives and knives with moving knife sets on a rotating drum, such as the machine illustrated by the aforementioned figures.

Dans toutes les variantes illustrées, le berceau de support 21 peut être mobile verticalement par rapport à son support constitué par le bâti 20. Cette mobilité peut être obtenue par des moyens manuels ou mécaniques. Elle permet de faciliter le positionnement de la pièce de bois à fendre par rapport aux couteaux 40. Ces derniers peuvent être déplacés par rotation du tambour 50. Selon les dimensions de cette pièce de bois et le nombre ou les dimensions des bûches que l'on souhaite obtenir, le déplacement complémentaire du berceau de support 21 constitue un avantage supplémentaire qui augmente le nombre des possibilités.In all the variants illustrated, the support cradle 21 can be vertically movable relative to its support constituted by the frame 20. This mobility can be obtained by manual or mechanical means. It facilitates the positioning of the piece of wood to be slotted relative to the knives 40. The latter can be moved by rotation of the drum 50. dimensions of this piece of wood and the number or dimensions of the logs that one wishes to obtain, the complementary displacement of the support cradle 21 is an additional advantage that increases the number of possibilities.

Claims (15)

  1. Machine for splitting long pieces of wood of any shape and dimensions into firewood logs, the machine comprising a frame (20), cutters (40) mounted on the frame (20) and arranged substantially perpendicularly to the axis of the piece of wood which has to be split, a member guiding the said piece of wood and a thruster device (30) designed to push the long piece of wood substantially axially against the said cutters mounted on a circular drum (50) which can rotate about an axis substantially parallel to the axis of the guide member, this machine being characterised in that the cutters (40) are flat blades located in planes substantially parallel to the axis of the guide member (9), in that these blades are mounted as groups of blades, each group of blades comprising a set of blades diverging from a central point (41a, 41b, 41c, 41d) and in that these blades are of one piece with each other and the circular drum (50) in such a way as to divide up all the space within the said drum into separate splitting areas respectively corresponding to the said groups of blades and a particular number of firewood logs obtained when splitting with the group of blades used.
  2. Machine according to claim 1, characterised in that the said guide member (9) for the said piece of wood is provided with a supporting cradle (21) whose position can be adjusted.
  3. Machine according to claim 2, characterised in that the supporting cradle (21) and the rotating drum (50) bearing the said blades can be adjusted for height with respect to each other.
  4. Machine according to claim 1, characterised in that the said rotating drum (50) comprises an annular peripheral support (52) for the said blades bearing a rack (53) designed to engage a drive pinion (54) driven in rotation by an electric or hydraulic motor (55).
  5. Machine according to claim 1, characterised in that the said drum (50) rotates with respect to the frame (20) of the machine.
  6. Machine according to claim 1, characterised in that some of the cutters (40a, 40b, 40c, 40d) are radial.
  7. Machine according to claim 1, characterised in that the said drum (50) delimits at least one area (S2) in which the piece of wood is split into two logs.
  8. Machine according to claim 1, characterised in that the said drum (50) delimits at least one area (S4) in which the piece of wood is split into four logs.
  9. Machine according to claim 1, characterised in that the said drum (50) delimits at least one area (S6) in which the piece of wood is split into six logs.
  10. Machine according to claim 1, characterised in that the said drum (50) delimits at least one area (S8) in which the piece of wood is split into eight logs.
  11. Machine according to claim 1, characterised in that the said drum (50) delimits at least one area (S16) in which the piece of wood (100) is split into sixteen logs (101).
  12. Machine according to claim 1, characterised in that the thruster device (30) comprises a thrust plate (31) which is of one piece with the end of a rod of a thrusting hydraulic jack (32).
  13. Machine according to claim 12, characterised in that the thrust plate (31) is made of two members which slide vertically with respect to each other.
  14. Machine according to claim 1, characterised in that the thruster device (30) comprises a first thrust plate (111) which is of one piece with a first thrusting hydraulic jack and a second thrust plate (114) of one piece with a second thrusting hydraulic jack, the first thrust plate (111) having openings (113) through which bars and/or rods (116) which are of one piece with the second thrust plate (114) can pass.
  15. Machine according to claim 1, characterised in that the said first thrust plate (111) and the second thrust plate (114) are arranged so as to move simultaneously so that the piece of wood which is to be split is pushed towards the cutters (40), and in that the said second thrust plate (114) is arranged to move alone with the said bars and/or rods (116) at the end of travel to push any jammed bits of wood out of the space between the cutters (40).
EP05714720A 2004-03-30 2005-03-29 Machine for splitting elongate sections of wood into logs Not-in-force EP1729941B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0403299A FR2868352B1 (en) 2004-03-30 2004-03-30 WOOD BURNING MACHINE OF LONG WOODEN TRUNCTIONS
PCT/CH2005/000178 WO2005095072A1 (en) 2004-03-30 2005-03-29 Machine for splitting elongate sections of wood into logs

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EP1729941A1 EP1729941A1 (en) 2006-12-13
EP1729941B1 true EP1729941B1 (en) 2008-06-25

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CA (1) CA2560087A1 (en)
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DE102006032054A1 (en) * 2006-03-24 2008-01-17 Scheppach Fabrikation Von Holzbearbeitungsmaschinen Gmbh Standing wood splitter
ITTV20070159A1 (en) * 2007-09-20 2009-03-21 Tollot Raffaelo Snc Off SPLITTER MACHINE WITH CENTERING DEVICE FOR THE ITEM TO BE SPLITTED COMPARED TO THE SAME HEAD AND EXHAUST SYSTEM WITH HEAD DIAMOND.
FI20110165A0 (en) * 2011-05-16 2011-05-16 Yrjoe Raunisto A woodworking device attachable to a work machine
DE102013019707A1 (en) * 2013-06-21 2014-12-24 Karl Binderberger Maschinenbau GmbH Splitting knife device
EP3059055A1 (en) * 2015-02-23 2016-08-24 Robert Joseph Campion Log processing apparatus
FI128348B (en) * 2016-02-10 2020-03-31 Ylistaron Teraestakomo Oy A firewood processor with a movable splitting wedge
CN112936490A (en) * 2021-01-27 2021-06-11 姜红 Wood working is with splitting firewood and beating bundle integrative equipment
CN115488975B (en) * 2022-09-15 2023-07-28 浙江农林大学 Automatic feeding method for bamboo tube splitting and rough milling

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ES2310335T3 (en) 2009-01-01
ATE399082T1 (en) 2008-07-15
CA2560087A1 (en) 2005-10-13
FR2868352B1 (en) 2006-11-17
WO2005095072A1 (en) 2005-10-13
FR2868352A1 (en) 2005-10-07
DE602005007716D1 (en) 2008-08-07
EP1729941A1 (en) 2006-12-13

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