EP1729941B1 - Maschine zum teilen von länglichen holzabschnitten in blöcke - Google Patents

Maschine zum teilen von länglichen holzabschnitten in blöcke Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1729941B1
EP1729941B1 EP05714720A EP05714720A EP1729941B1 EP 1729941 B1 EP1729941 B1 EP 1729941B1 EP 05714720 A EP05714720 A EP 05714720A EP 05714720 A EP05714720 A EP 05714720A EP 1729941 B1 EP1729941 B1 EP 1729941B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wood
piece
machine according
drum
blades
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05714720A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1729941A1 (de
Inventor
Dominique Cornu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aficor SA
Original Assignee
Aficor SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aficor SA filed Critical Aficor SA
Publication of EP1729941A1 publication Critical patent/EP1729941A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1729941B1 publication Critical patent/EP1729941B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L7/00—Arrangements for splitting wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L7/00—Arrangements for splitting wood
    • B27L7/06—Arrangements for splitting wood using wedges, knives or spreaders

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a splitting machine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a splitting machine is described by the document FR-A-2,841,173 .
  • Wood splitting machines with a single knife are already known for bursting a section of firewood along the fiber direction of this section. Most of these machines can only split the wood according to a single plan of opening, at each operation. To obtain pieces of wood of smaller section from a larger section, it must be taken several times on the machine. The operation is long, tedious and imprecise. It does not allow to obtain pieces of split wood having more or less similar sections. Most current machines do not allow to split, in a single pass, a section of wood of relatively large section for make pieces of split firewood of approximately similar section.
  • this device comprises means for guiding the sections associated with thrust means against dies with one or more blades according to the number of desired pieces. These dies are formed on a rotating disc to cause the die to use in correspondence with the splitting section.
  • This device is intended for the splitting of small sections of wood to obtain finished products such as fence posts or roof shingles.
  • Firewood is traditionally presented in the form of irregular logs obtained by splitting wood stumps of predetermined length, this splitting being done according to the direction of the fibers which is rarely straight for some species of wood, especially the stumps coming from hardwood trees.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide equipment for optimizing and automating the preparation of firewood logs by splitting to obtain parts of more or less predetermined section, the dimensions and the geometric shape of this section being to be modified almost automatically according to the needs.
  • the knives are flat blades arranged in planes substantially parallel to the axis of the guide element, in that these blades are mounted in groups of blades, each group of blades being composed of a set of blades diverging from a central point, and in that these blades are integral with each other and the circular drum so as to delimit any the internal space of said drum in separate splitting zones respectively corresponding to one of said groups of blades and to a determined number of firewood logs obtained during splitting according to the group of blades used.
  • said guide element for said section of wood is equipped with a support cradle adjustable in position.
  • the support cradle and the rotary drum carrying said blades are adjustable in height relative to each other.
  • said rotary drum comprises an annular peripheral support of said blades bearing a toothing arranged to be engaged with a drive pinion driven in rotation by an electric or hydraulic motor.
  • said drum is rotatable relative to the frame of the machine.
  • some of the knives are radial.
  • said drum defines at least one splitting zone of the section of wood into two logs, at least one splitting zone of the section of wood into four logs, at least one splitting zone of the section of wood into six logs, at least one splitting zone of the eight-log timber section and at least one splitting zone of the sixteen-log timber section.
  • the thrust device advantageously comprises a thrust plate which is integral with the head of a rod of a hydraulic thrust cylinder.
  • the thrust plate is made in two elements sliding vertically relative to each other.
  • the thrust device may comprise a first thrust plate integral with a first thrust hydraulic cylinder and a second thrust plate secured to a second thrust hydraulic cylinder, said first thrust plate having openings. allowing the passage of bars and / or rods integral with said second thrust plate.
  • Said first thrust plate and said second thrust plate are preferably arranged to move simultaneously until the piece of wood to be split is pushed through the knives and said second thrust plate is preferably arranged to move alone with said bars and / or rods at the end of the course to push any pieces of wood stuck out of the knife space.
  • the machine 10 for splitting elongated sections of wood comprises a frame 20 on which is mounted a thrust device 30 and a set of fixed knives 40 mounted on a rotary drum 50.
  • the thrust device 30 is arranged to pushing a section of wood (not shown in this figure) substantially axially against the cutting edge of the knives 40 to split said section into firewood logs of predetermined section and geometry.
  • the frame 20 is arranged to support, on the one hand, a support cradle 21 of the wooden section comprising a guide element 9 which, in the example shown, is in the form of a gutter consisting of two lateral plates. elongate 22 forming an acute angle between them and, secondly, the drum 50 on which are mounted the knives 40.
  • the two plates 22 are secured to two longitudinal members 23 respectively secured to the frame by means of leaf springs 24 and can be spaced relative to each other so as to open the angle of the gutter and allow the increase of the diameter of the section of wood when splitting.
  • Other embodiments may be envisaged, in particular a support consisting of a plurality of parallel blades arranged vertically and mounted on a lifting device which ensures the height adjustment of the section of wood to be split, or a one-piece assembly that is adjustable in height.
  • the knives 40 are in the form of flat blades arranged in planes substantially parallel to the axis of the guide element 9. These blades are mounted in groups of blades, each group of blades being composed of a variable set of quantity of blades diverging from a central point, respectively 41a, 41b, 41c and 41d. These blades are integral with each other and the circular drum 50 and define all the internal space of said drum in separate splitting zones. These splitting zones respectively correspond to one of said groups of blades and to a determined number of firewood logs obtained during splitting according to the group of blades used.
  • the thrust device 30 comprises, in the example shown, a thrust plate 31 which is integral with the head of a rod of a hydraulic thrust cylinder 32.
  • the thrust plate 31 has the function of being supported on the distal end of an elongated section of firewood to crack to push the latter against the cutting edge of the knives 40.
  • This thrust device could of course be built differently.
  • the thrust plate could be made in two elements sliding vertically relative to each other to be constantly in optimal support on the distal end of the wooden section irrespective of the height of the guide element.
  • the hydraulic thrust cylinder 32 is fixed in position and the guide element is adjustable in height. As a result, the mentioned optimum support is obtained when the thrust exerted by the cylinder rod is transmitted. integrally on the section of wood to be split without causing a deformation of the thrust plate 31.
  • the frame 20 comprises a frontal vertical support 25 (see figure 2 ) and a rear vertical support 26 (see figure 1 ) as well as horizontal crosspieces 27 and 28 which connect the two vertical supports.
  • This frame carries in particular the hydraulic thrust cylinder 32 via two uprights 22b secured to the vertical front 25 and rear 26 and two vertical flat profiles 29a.
  • the drum 50 is rotatable relative to the frame 20 and said frame carries the axis of rotation 51 of the drum 50 on which are mounted the knives 40.
  • the drum can be rotatable relative to the frame by the intermediate of several holding rollers.
  • the drum 50 consists of an annular peripheral ring 52 which is provided with a toothing 53 arranged to be engaged with a drive pinion 54 which is rotated by an electric or hydraulic motor 55.
  • This toothing can be either performed in the peripheral circle is reported and be in the form of a chain or a rack.
  • the frame also carries two supports 60 intended to receive a roller (not shown) whose function is to cooperate with a device for automatically feeding the sections of wood to be split and to allow them to be placed on the guide element intended for to receive them.
  • the knives 40 mounted inside the circle 52 define splitting zones that are differentiated by the number of logs that can be obtained in a single passage of the section of wood to be split and by the geometry of their section. Depending on the diameter of said section, the operator can select the splitting zone by a simple rotation of the drum 50 so as to bring the selected area in front of the section of timber carried the support cradle 21.
  • the zones are for example defined as follows : Zone S2, which splits a section of firewood into two logs, Zone S4 splits it into four logs, Zone S6 splits it into six logs, Zone S8 splits it into eight logs, and Zone S16 which splits it into sixteen logs.
  • zones are traversed by four radial knives 40a, 40b, 40c and 40d corresponding to radii of the circle 52 and fixed on the one hand to the center 51 of the circle and inside the latter and, on the other hand , by a number of fixed and mobile knives.
  • Zone S2 is crossed only by the knife 40c.
  • the zone S4 is crossed by the knife 40c and by a knife 40e which is perpendicular to the knife 40c in the center of this zone.
  • the zone S6 is defined by a bundle of three fixed knives, including the knife 40d and two other knives 43 and 44 which intersect at the center of this zone.
  • the zone S8 is defined by a bundle of four fixed knives, including the knife 40b and three other knives 45, 46 and 47 which intersect at the center of this zone.
  • the zone S16 is defined by a bundle of four fixed knives, whose knives 40a, 44 and 45 and another knife 48 which intersect at the center of this zone and by a set of eight knives 49, pivotable along an axis parallel to their cutting edge that are arranged in a regular octagon.
  • the knives 49 are movable in order to prevent jamming of the logs if the vein of the wood is irregular, twisted or twisted
  • the figure 4 represents a rear view of the drum in the use phase for splitting a section of firewood 100.
  • the selected area is zone S16 which splits the wood into sixteen logs 101 by means of the fixed knives and swivel knives that define this area.
  • the pivoting knives can change their position depending on the stresses exerted during splitting, these constraints being related to the structure of the wood and in particular to the orientation and the entanglement of the veins of this wood.
  • the machine according to the invention can be used in all positions which allows splitting vertically or any inclination.
  • the support cradle 21 which included a guiding element in the form of a trough consisting of two elongate side plates 22 forming an acute angle between them, is replaced by a number of flat elements 110 parallel between they are erected vertically, offset in height so as to maintain the function of sloping guide gutters in which the piece of wood to be slid slides towards the knives 40 when it is pushed by the thrust device 30.
  • the thrust device 30 comprises a first thrust plate 111 integral with the piston of the hydraulic thrust cylinder 32 and which has a series of slots 112 traversed by the flat elements 110 which form said guide channel.
  • the machine further comprises a opening series 113 whose function will be described below.
  • the thrust device 30 further comprises a second thrust plate 114 secured to at least a second piston of the hydraulic thrust cylinder schematically indicated by the arrow 115 and which carries a set of bars and / or rods 116 (see FIG. figure 6 ) which are arranged to pass through the openings 113. It is in fact pushers that extract the pieces of wood that may remain stuck between the knives 40 after the slot of a block of wood logs under the effect of the thrust by the first thrust plate 111.
  • a piece of wood 100 (see figure 4 ) is disposed on the guide channel and is pushed against the knives 40 by the first thrust plate 111 actuated by the piston of the hydraulic thrust cylinder 32.
  • This cylinder moves the first thrust plate 111 to the immediate vicinity of the blades
  • the second thrust plate 114 which is axially offset from the first thrust plate 111, moves simultaneously.
  • the bars and / or rods 116 then pass through the corresponding openings 113 and engage in the spaces between the knives so as to repress the pieces of wood that may have got stuck between these knives.
  • This double pusher system can be applied to any type of log splitter, those with parallel knives, knives with cross knives and knives with moving knife sets on a rotating drum, such as the machine illustrated by the aforementioned figures.
  • the support cradle 21 can be vertically movable relative to its support constituted by the frame 20. This mobility can be obtained by manual or mechanical means. It facilitates the positioning of the piece of wood to be slotted relative to the knives 40. The latter can be moved by rotation of the drum 50. dimensions of this piece of wood and the number or dimensions of the logs that one wishes to obtain, the complementary displacement of the support cradle 21 is an additional advantage that increases the number of possibilities.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Maschine zum Spalten von länglichen Holzabschnitten in beliebiger. Form und Größe in Brennholzscheite, wobei die Maschine ein Gestell (20) und auf dem Gestell (20) angebrachte Messer (40), die praktisch senkrecht zu der Achse des zu spaltenden Holzabschnittes angeordnet sind, ein Führungselement für den Holzabschnitt und eine Schubvorrichtung (30) aufweist, die angeordnet ist, um den länglichen Holzabschnitt praktisch axial gegen die auf einer kreisförmigen Trommel (50) angebrachten Messer zu schieben, wobei dieselbe um eine praktisch parallel zu der Achse des Führungselementes verlaufende Achse drehbar ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Messer (40) ebene Klingen sind, die entsprechend Ebenen angeordnet sind, die praktisch parallel zu der Achse des Führungselementes (9) verlaufen, wobei die Klingen in Klingengruppen angebracht sind, wobei jede Klingengruppe aus einer Gesamtheit von Klingen besteht, die ab einem zentralen Punkt (41a,41b,41c,41d) auseinanderlaufen, und wobei die Klingen miteinander und mit der kreisförmigen Trommel (50) so fest verbunden sind, dass der gesamte Innenraum der Trommel in getrennte Spaltungszonen begrenzt ist, die jeweils einer der Klingengruppen und einer bestimmten Anzahl von Brennholzscheiten entsprechen, die bei dem Spalten entsprechend der verwendeten Klingengruppe erhalten werden.
  2. Maschine nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    das Führungselement (9) für den Holzabschnitt mit einem in seiner Position regulierbaren Trägergestell (21) ausgerüstet ist.
  3. Maschine nach Anspruch 2,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    das Trägergestell (21) und die Drehtrommel (50), welche die Klingen tragen, im Verhältnis zueinander in der Höhe regulierbar sind.
  4. Maschine nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Drehtrommel (50) einen ringförmigen Umfangsträger (52) der Klingen aufweist, der eine Zahnung (53) trägt, die angeordnet ist, um mit einem Antriebsritzel (54) in Eingriff zu stehen, welches durch einen Elektro- oder Hydraulikmotor (55) drehbar angetrieben wird.
  5. Maschine nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Drehtrommel (50) im Verhältnis zu dem Gestell (20) der Maschine drehbar ist.
  6. Maschine nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    einige der Messer (40a,40b,40c,40d) radial sind.
  7. Maschine nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Trommel (50) mindestens eine Spaltungszone (S2) des Holzabschnittes in zwei Holzscheite begrenzt.
  8. Maschine nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Trommel (50) mindestens eine Spaltungszone (S4) des Holzabschnittes in vier Holzscheite begrenzt.
  9. Maschine nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Trommel (50) mindestens eine Spaltungszone (S6) des Holzabschnittes in sechs Holzscheite begrenzt.
  10. Maschine nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Trommel (50) mindestens eine Spaltungszone (S8) des Holzabschnittes in acht Holzscheite begrenzt.
  11. Maschine nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Trommel (50) mindestens eine Spaltungszone (S16) des Holzabschnittes (100) in sechzehn Holzscheite (101) begrenzt.
  12. Maschine nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Schubvorrichtung (30) eine Schubplatte (31) aufweist, die fest mit dem Kopf einer Stange eines Hydraulikschubzylinders (32) verbunden ist.
  13. Maschine nach Anspruch 12,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Schubplatte (31) aus zwei im Verhältnis zueinander vertikal gleitenden Elementen hergestellt ist.
  14. Maschine nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Schubvorrichtung (30) eine erste Schubplatte (111), die fest mit einem ersten Hydraulikschubzylinder verbunden ist, und eine zweite Schubplatte (114) aufweist, die fest mit einem zweiten Hydraulikschubzylinder verbunden ist, wobei die erste Schubplatte (111) Öffnungen (113) aufweist, die den Durchgang von fest mit der zweiten Schubplatte (114) verbundenen Stäben und/oder Stangen (116) ermöglichen.
  15. Maschine nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die erste Schubplatte (111) und die zweite Schubplatte (114) so angeordnet sind, dass sie sich gleichzeitig verlagern, bis das zu spaltende Holzteil über die Messer (40) geschoben wird, wobei die zweite Schubplatte (114) so angeordnet ist, dass sie sich am Ende der Strecke alleine mit den Stäben und/oder Stangen (116) verlagert, um die möglicherweise verklemmten Holzteile aus dem Raum der Messer (40) heraus zu schieben.
EP05714720A 2004-03-30 2005-03-29 Maschine zum teilen von länglichen holzabschnitten in blöcke Not-in-force EP1729941B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0403299A FR2868352B1 (fr) 2004-03-30 2004-03-30 Machine a fendre en buches des troncons allonges de bois
PCT/CH2005/000178 WO2005095072A1 (fr) 2004-03-30 2005-03-29 Machine a fendre en buches des tronçons allonges de bois

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1729941A1 EP1729941A1 (de) 2006-12-13
EP1729941B1 true EP1729941B1 (de) 2008-06-25

Family

ID=34944336

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05714720A Not-in-force EP1729941B1 (de) 2004-03-30 2005-03-29 Maschine zum teilen von länglichen holzabschnitten in blöcke

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1729941B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE399082T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2560087A1 (de)
DE (1) DE602005007716D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2310335T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2868352B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2005095072A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006032054A1 (de) * 2006-03-24 2008-01-17 Scheppach Fabrikation Von Holzbearbeitungsmaschinen Gmbh Stehend-Holzspalter
ITTV20070159A1 (it) * 2007-09-20 2009-03-21 Tollot Raffaelo Snc Off Macchina spaccalegna con dispositivo di centraggio dell'elemento da spaccare rispetto alla testata stessa e sistema di espulsione a testa di trafila.
FI20110165A0 (fi) * 2011-05-16 2011-05-16 Yrjoe Raunisto Työkoneeseen kiinnitettävä puuta prosessoiva laite
DE102013019707A1 (de) * 2013-06-21 2014-12-24 Karl Binderberger Maschinenbau GmbH Spaltmesservorrichtung
EP3059055A1 (de) * 2015-02-23 2016-08-24 Robert Joseph Campion Protokollverarbeitungsvorrichtung
FI128348B (en) * 2016-02-10 2020-03-31 Ylistaron Teraestakomo Oy Firewood with movable splitting blade
CN112936490A (zh) * 2021-01-27 2021-06-11 姜红 一种木材加工用劈柴打捆一体设备
CN115488975B (zh) * 2022-09-15 2023-07-28 浙江农林大学 一种竹筒开片及粗铣的自动化进料方法

Family Cites Families (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2497736A (en) * 1948-06-02 1950-02-14 Muller Walter Rotary drum for concrete mixers
SU586999A1 (ru) * 1976-09-06 1978-01-05 Центральный Научно-Исследовательский И Проектно-Конструктороский Институт Механизации И Энергетики Лесной Промышленности Дровокольный станок
US4353401A (en) * 1980-10-21 1982-10-12 Macmillan Bloedel Limited Rotatable splitter
US4869303A (en) * 1988-08-31 1989-09-26 The Nunnery Wood Processor Co. Firewood processor
RU2140350C1 (ru) * 1998-07-21 1999-10-27 Государственный научный центр лесопромышленного комплекса Мобильная установка для раскалывания древесины
CA2248457A1 (fr) * 1998-08-27 2000-02-27 Daniel Charette Machine a couper et fendre le bois en longueur de toutes sortes
DE29901880U1 (de) * 1999-02-04 1999-07-08 Bernert, Stefan, 89555 Steinheim Hydraulischer Holzspalter zur Herstellung von ofenfertig gespaltenem Brennholz
FR2841173B1 (fr) * 2002-06-19 2004-08-27 Jean Noel Merle Ets Dispositif de fendage de pieces de bois en quartiers respectant le fil du bois

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2868352B1 (fr) 2006-11-17
EP1729941A1 (de) 2006-12-13
WO2005095072A1 (fr) 2005-10-13
CA2560087A1 (fr) 2005-10-13
DE602005007716D1 (de) 2008-08-07
ATE399082T1 (de) 2008-07-15
FR2868352A1 (fr) 2005-10-07
ES2310335T3 (es) 2009-01-01

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