EP1714313A1 - Procede de realisation d'un circuit electronique integre et circuit electronique integre ainsi obtenu - Google Patents
Procede de realisation d'un circuit electronique integre et circuit electronique integre ainsi obtenuInfo
- Publication number
- EP1714313A1 EP1714313A1 EP05717608A EP05717608A EP1714313A1 EP 1714313 A1 EP1714313 A1 EP 1714313A1 EP 05717608 A EP05717608 A EP 05717608A EP 05717608 A EP05717608 A EP 05717608A EP 1714313 A1 EP1714313 A1 EP 1714313A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- substrate
- circuit
- temporary
- temporary material
- capacitor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D1/00—Resistors, capacitors or inductors
- H10D1/60—Capacitors
- H10D1/68—Capacitors having no potential barriers
- H10D1/692—Electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D1/00—Resistors, capacitors or inductors
- H10D1/60—Capacitors
- H10D1/68—Capacitors having no potential barriers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W10/00—Isolation regions in semiconductor bodies between components of integrated devices
- H10W10/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10W10/021—Manufacture or treatment of air gaps
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W10/00—Isolation regions in semiconductor bodies between components of integrated devices
- H10W10/20—Air gaps
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing an integrated electronic circuit incorporating a substantially empty volume of material. It also relates to an integrated electronic circuit thus produced.
- US Patent 5,296,408 describes a method of forming an empty cavity within an integrated circuit, for producing various electronic components such as a light source, a detector, a transistor or a vacuum tube. According to this process, absorption of aluminum in silicon is caused by heating, so as to create the empty cavity of material, the shape of which can be determined beforehand.
- a disadvantage of the process described in patent 5,296,408 results from the chemical reactivity and the relatively low melting temperature of aluminum.
- An object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a cavity in an integrated electronic circuit which does not have the drawbacks mentioned above.
- the invention proposes a method for producing an integrated electronic circuit, the method comprising the steps consisting in: a) forming, on a substrate of the circuit, part of which is made of absorbent material, a portion of temporary material coming in contact with a face of the part of the substrate made of absorbent material; b) forming a rigid portion in fixed contact with the substrate, on one side of the portion of temporary material opposite to said face of the portion of the substrate made of absorbent material; and c) heating the circuit to create a substantially empty volume of material by absorption of the temporary material in the part of the substrate made of absorbent material, the method being characterized in that the temporary material has a melting temperature above 900 ° C.
- step c) is well controlled.
- a substantially empty volume of material is obtained, the shape and dimensions of which can be precisely controlled.
- a method according to the invention is therefore compatible with technologies for producing integrated circuits corresponding to widths of transistor gates equal to or less than 0.18 micrometer, and in particular equal to 90 or 65 nanometers.
- all the temporary material of the corresponding portion is preferably absorbed in the part of the substrate made of absorbent material. Improved reproducibility of the shape and dimensions of the substantially empty volume of material is thus obtained.
- Step c) of heating the circuit to create the empty volume is particularly simple. It does not require any access to the portion of temporary material, nor any implementation of a solution or a plasma of engraving.
- the absorption of the temporary material in the part of the substrate made of absorbent material, in step c) can result from a chemical reaction between the temporary material and the absorbent material.
- step c) can be carried out at any later time during the process for producing the circuit.
- steps for producing parts of the circuit other than the electronic component which comprises the substantially empty volume of material can be carried out, between steps a) and b) on the one hand and step c) on the other hand .
- steps for making other parts of the circuit involve mechanical stresses on the circuit.
- Step c) is then executed after these steps, so that the circuit does not yet have an empty volume when it is subjected to mechanical stresses. The risk of deterioration or rupture of the circuit during its production is thus reduced, this risk being due to the presence of empty volumes in the circuit.
- the method further comprises, between steps a) and b), forming an intermediate layer, said intermediate layer being situated, at the end of step b), between the portion of temporary material and the rigid portion.
- Such an intermediate layer can have several functions. One of these functions can be the improvement of the formation of the rigid portion. A more regular surface of the rigid portion can thus be obtained, which results in a more homogeneous and more complete absorption of the temporary material in step c).
- Another function of the intermediate layer is to contribute to chemical isolation of the portion of temporary material, so that the temporary material is not altered by atoms from other parts of the circuit.
- the temporary material may include cobalt, nickel, titanium, tantalum, tungsten, molybdenum, silver, gold, iron and / or chromium.
- the absorbent material can include silicon, germanium, phosphorus, arsenic and / or antimony. It can also potentially include selenium and / or tellurium.
- the portion of temporary material is formed in a cavity below the level of a surface of the substrate. The rigid portion can then continuously cover the portion of temporary material in the cavity and the substrate outside the cavity.
- the substantially empty volume of material can have different shapes and be oriented in various ways relative to the substrate. In particular, it may have a large section substantially parallel to a surface of the substrate. According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, the substantially empty volume of material is located between two plates of a capacitor belonging to the circuit.
- the rigid portion comprises a first of the reinforcements of the capacitor.
- the part of the substrate made of absorbent material, after the absorption of the temporary material in step c), may comprise one second of the reinforcements of the capacitor.
- the material of this second reinforcement is therefore directly formed during step c), without the additional step of depositing a new material on the circuit.
- the process for producing the capacitor is therefore simplified, which contributes to a reduction in the price of the electronic circuit.
- at least one of the two plates of the capacitor may have a main surface substantially parallel to the surface of the substrate.
- the invention also relates to an integrated electronic circuit produced using a method as described above.
- the substantially empty volume of material can be placed within a layer of metallization level of the circuit.
- FIG. 1 to 5 illustrate different steps of a first mode implementing a method for producing an integrated electronic circuit according to the invention
- - Figures 6 to 8 illustrate different stages of a second embodiment of a method for producing an integrated electronic circuit according to the invention.
- the invention is now described in detail in the context of the production of an integrated electronic circuit which comprises a capacitor of the Metal-lsolant-Metal type (or MIM capacitor).
- a MIM capacitor usually comprises two metallic plates and a portion of a dielectric material placed between the two plates. By using a method according to the invention, at least part of this portion of dielectric material can be replaced by a substantially empty volume of material.
- a first embodiment is described according to which the capacitor is produced below the level of the upper surface of the semiconductor substrate of an integrated electronic circuit.
- the semiconductor material of the substrate constitutes the absorbent material.
- a substrate 100 of semiconductor material has a substantially planar upper surface S.
- a cavity C is formed in the substrate 100, below the level of the surface S.
- the depth of the cavity C in the direction N can be, for example, equal to
- the respective thicknesses of the layers 1 and 2 are chosen so that the layers 1 and 2 each form a conformal coating of the vertical walls of the cavity C.
- the thickness of the layer 3 is chosen so as to fill cavity C. The configuration of the circuit shown in FIG. 2 is thus obtained.
- the layer 1 is in contact with the substrate 100 at the bottom F of the cavity C, as well as at the vertical walls of the cavity C. Thicknesses of the layers 1, 2 and 3 can be, respectively, 20 nanometers, 5 nanometers and 1 micrometer approximately.
- the upper surface of the circuit is then polished, so as to be lowered to below the level of the surface S outside of the cavity C. Portions of layers 1-3 then remain only inside the cavity C (FIG. 3).
- the material of layer 1 is chosen for its property allowing it to be absorbed subsequently in the substrate 100, through the bottom F of the cavity C. For this reason the material of layer 1 is said to be temporary material.
- the material of layer 1 can include, for example, cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), gallium (Ga), indium (In), silver (Ag), gold (Au) iron (Fe) and or chromium (Cr).
- the semiconductor material of the substrate 100 in which the material of the layer 1 is intended to be absorbed subsequently, can comprise silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se) and / or tellurium (Te).
- the material of the substrate 100 is based on silicon and the temporary material of the layer 1 is based on cobalt.
- the deposition of layers 1 to 3 can be easily carried out at the upstream part (or “front end” in English) of a production line of the integrated circuit, using one of the known methods for the deposition of cobalt.
- the remaining portion of layer 3 is intended to constitute a first frame, or upper frame, of the capacitor.
- the material of layer 3 can be a metal which has a high electrical conductivity, such as, for example, tungsten (W).
- the material of layer 3 can also be based on silicon, suitably doped to have sufficient electrical conductivity.
- Layer 2 has an attachment function for layer 3 on the circuit. The material of layer 2 is advantageously chosen so as to promote progressive growth of layer 3, with a uniform thickness.
- the material of layer 2 can be, in particular, titanium nitride (TiN) or tantalum nitride (TaN).
- the circuit is then covered with a layer 4 of a rigid material coming into contact with the substrate 100 and with the first frame 3 (FIG. 4).
- the rigid material of layer 4 can be silica (Si0 2 ) or silicon nitride (S1 3 N 4 ) for example.
- Layer 4 extends continuously above cavity C and above substrate 100 outside cavity C.
- Layer 4 can be deposited by one of the methods known to those skilled in the art, such as, in particular, a chemical vapor deposition, or CVD (for “Chemical Vapor Deposition” in English).
- the intermediate layer 2 also has a chemical insulation function of the portion 1 with respect to reagents used for the formation of layer 4. This isolation is also effective with respect to chemical compounds used for the formation of other parts of the circuit.
- Different conventional steps for producing the circuit can then be carried out. These steps may relate, in particular, to the production of components of the circuit distinct from the capacitor which includes the armature 3, or the production of metallization levels above the level of the surface S.
- electrical connections can be arranged in layers of these metallization levels, according to the Damascene process, or its Dual-Damascene variant.
- the layer 4 can belong to a first level of metallization of the circuit.
- Such stages of making the circuit may include heating the circuit.
- the temperature to which the circuit is heated to increase the density of a portion of material is of the order of 400-500 ° C.
- the temporary material of the portion 1 can be chosen as a function of its melting temperature. In particular, it is chosen so that its melting temperature is higher than the maximum temperature reached by the circuit during these steps.
- the circuit is then heated to a temperature sufficient to cause the absorption of the temporary material of the portion 1 in the material of the substrate 100 present near the bottom F and the vertical walls of the cavity C.
- This absorption may result from a reaction chemical between the temporary material and the material of the substrate 100, or result from a dissolution of the material of the portion 1 in the material of the substrate 100.
- the respective materials of the portion 1 and of the substrate 100 are chosen so that the absorption of the temporary material does not cause the material of the substrate 100 to expand around the cavity C.
- the heating of the circuit to cause the absorption of the temporary material of the portion 1 in the material of the substrate 100 can be performed locally, that is to say only in a limited portion of the circuit.
- This limited portion of the circuit which is heated comprises the portion 1 and the part of the substrate 100 made of absorbent material and located near the bottom F and the vertical walls of the cavity C.
- Such local heating can be carried out, in known manner, using a laser sent over said limited portion of the circuit.
- the part of the cavity C initially occupied by the portion 1 is thus emptied: an empty volume V of material is created between the face formed by the bottom F of the cavity C and the intermediate layer 2.
- the layer 4 and the upper reinforcement 3, covered by the intermediate layer 2 form a rigid portion maintained in position and in fixed contact relative to the substrate 100. This rigid portion is suspended above the face F, parallel to the latter.
- the material of layer 4 is chosen to have sufficient rigidity and solidity to withstand the possible stresses caused by the creation of the empty volume V.
- the silica (Si0 2 ) or the silicon nitride (Si 3 N) are adapted to serve as material of the layer 4.
- the absorption results from the siliciding reaction of the cobalt, which is perfectly known and enhanced during the production of an integrated circuit.
- the heating temperature of the circuit necessary to cause the siliciding reaction is then approximately 800 ° C.
- Line modules for producing already existing integrated circuits can be used for the step of creating the empty volume V.
- heating the circuit to create the empty volume V can be used to simultaneously cause siliciding reactions in d other parts of the circuit, in particular at the level of electrical contacts in order to reduce, in a known manner, electrical contact resistances.
- the material of the substrate 100 and the temporary material of the portion 1 are chosen so that, after the absorption of the temporary material in the material of the substrate, the resulting material near the bottom F and the vertical walls of the cavity C is an electrically conductive compound. This is particularly the case when cobalt silicide
- the volume V fulfills the function of the dielectric material located between the plates of the capacitor obtained. It may optionally contain a certain amount of gaseous compounds, in particular vaporized compounds originating from the substrate 100, layers 2 or 4, or originating by diffusion from other parts of the circuit. It is in this sense that we say that the volume
- the configuration of the capacitor obtained is as follows: the volume V substantially empty of material has a large section substantially parallel to the surface S of the substrate 100, and the frames 3 and 5 each have a main surface substantially parallel to the surface S. The thickness of the volume V in the direction N is then substantially equal to the initial thickness of the layer 1, namely approximately 20 nanometers.
- a peripheral electrical insulation belt can be provided around the part 5 of the substrate 100 which constitutes the lower armature of the capacitor.
- such an insulation belt is formed in the substrate 100 at the start of the process for producing the capacitor.
- the capacitor can be arranged within a layer of a metallization level above the upper surface of the semiconductor substrate of an integrated electronic circuit.
- This second mode of implementation will now be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8.
- a substrate 101 of semiconductor material is covered with a layer 102 of an electrical insulating material.
- the layer 102 can be, for example, silica (SiO 2 ).
- An insert 103 for example made of silicon, is arranged within the layer 102, in a limited portion of the latter.
- the thickness of the insert 103, in the direction N can be, for example, equal to 0.6 micrometers.
- the assembly constituted by the substrate 101, the layer 102 and the insert 103 fulfills a function identical to that of the substrate 100 used in the first embodiment of the invention above.
- S corresponds to the upper surface of the layer 102, which continues continuously on the insert 103. Steps identical to those corresponding to FIGS. 1-4 are carried out, so as to produce the capacitor within the insert 103
- a cavity C is formed in a central part of the insert 103.
- the cavity C has a depth, in the direction N, less than the thickness of the insert 103, for example 0.5 micrometer.
- a residual thickness of approximately 0.1 micrometer is present between the bottom of the cavity C and the layer 102.
- Portions 1, 2 and 3, for example of nickel (Ni), of titanium nitride (TiN) and tungsten (W), as well as a layer 4 of silica (S1O 2 ) are formed in the same way as described above.
- the configuration of the circuit shown in Figure 7 is then obtained.
- the material of the insert 103 constitutes the absorbent material.
- the face F corresponds to the bottom of the cavity C, which constitutes the interface between the insert 103 and the portion 1.
- the layer 4 forms, with the layer 102, a first level of metallization, denoted M1, above the substrate 101
- a barrier layer not shown and which may be made of silicon nitride (Si3N-, can be placed between layers 102 and 4, in order to allow the creation of connections in the metallization level M1 using the dual process.
- - Damascene The circuit is then heated to approximately 500 ° C. so as to cause the absorption of the nickel material of the portion 1 in the silicon material of the insert 103.
- the material of the insert 103 is the absorbent material.
- the empty volume V is thus created between the layer 2 and the insert 103.
- the material of the insert 103 near the volume V is transformed into nickel silicide (NiSi).
- the armatures 3 and 5 are separated by the empty volume V.
- the method of the invention can be implemented in multiple ways during the production of a MIM capacitor, keeping an empty volume which replaces a dielectric material placed between the armatures of the capacitor.
- the intermediate layer 2 can be omitted.
- the capacitor may also have a configuration different from that of the described embodiments. In particular, configurations can be envisaged, according to which the empty volume V has a large section substantially perpendicular to the surface S of the substrate. In this case, the reinforcements of the capacitor may have main surfaces also oriented perpendicular to the surface S.
- a capacitor produced using the method of the invention has a particularly high breakdown voltage.
- the value of the breakdown voltage of a capacitor depends on the quality of the portion of dielectric material.
- this portion has intrinsic defects when it is formed by usual techniques for depositing materials used for the production of integrated circuits. These intrinsic faults are at the origin of the breakdown of such capacitors.
- the replacement of at least part of the portion of dielectric material of a MIM capacitor by a substantially empty volume obtained using a method according to the invention results in a high value of the breakdown voltage of the capacitor.
- the MIM capacitor can then be used for particular functions which require a high breakdown voltage value, such as, for example, a decoupling function between several electrical power sources connected to a circuit.
Landscapes
- Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Internal Circuitry In Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0401482A FR2866471A1 (fr) | 2004-02-13 | 2004-02-13 | Procede de realisation d'un circuit electronique integre et circuit electronique integre ainsi obtenu |
| PCT/FR2005/000318 WO2005078785A1 (fr) | 2004-02-13 | 2005-02-10 | Procede de realisation d’un circuit electronique integre et circuit electronique integre ainsi obtenu |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1714313A1 true EP1714313A1 (fr) | 2006-10-25 |
Family
ID=34803366
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05717608A Withdrawn EP1714313A1 (fr) | 2004-02-13 | 2005-02-10 | Procede de realisation d'un circuit electronique integre et circuit electronique integre ainsi obtenu |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7829449B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1714313A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2007522665A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN100483649C (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2866471A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2005078785A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20150221523A1 (en) | 2013-10-01 | 2015-08-06 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Arrangement and method for manufacturing the same |
| US9196568B2 (en) * | 2013-10-01 | 2015-11-24 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Arrangement and method for manufacturing the same |
| KR102235612B1 (ko) | 2015-01-29 | 2021-04-02 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 일-함수 금속을 갖는 반도체 소자 및 그 형성 방법 |
| CN108461629A (zh) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-08-28 | 福建省福芯电子科技有限公司 | 硅基射频电容及其制备方法 |
| JP7800247B2 (ja) * | 2022-03-23 | 2026-01-16 | 日産自動車株式会社 | コンデンサ |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05218410A (ja) * | 1992-01-31 | 1993-08-27 | Toshiba Corp | 半導体装置およびその製造方法 |
| US5296408A (en) * | 1992-12-24 | 1994-03-22 | International Business Machines Corporation | Fabrication method for vacuum microelectronic devices |
| US5508234A (en) * | 1994-10-31 | 1996-04-16 | International Business Machines Corporation | Microcavity structures, fabrication processes, and applications thereof |
| US6147000A (en) * | 1998-08-11 | 2000-11-14 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Method for forming low dielectric passivation of copper interconnects |
| US6140200A (en) * | 1998-09-02 | 2000-10-31 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Methods of forming void regions dielectric regions and capacitor constructions |
| JP3549425B2 (ja) * | 1999-02-24 | 2004-08-04 | シャープ株式会社 | 半導体装置及びその製造方法 |
| US6448604B1 (en) * | 2000-09-12 | 2002-09-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Integrated adjustable capacitor |
| US6406975B1 (en) * | 2000-11-27 | 2002-06-18 | Chartered Semiconductor Manufacturing Inc. | Method for fabricating an air gap shallow trench isolation (STI) structure |
| AU2002314614A1 (en) * | 2002-06-03 | 2003-12-19 | Telefonaktiebolaget L.M. Ericsson | A capacitor device formed on a substrate, integrated circuit com prising such a device and method for manufacturing a capacitor device |
| US6812525B2 (en) * | 2002-06-25 | 2004-11-02 | International Rectifier Corporation | Trench fill process |
-
2004
- 2004-02-13 FR FR0401482A patent/FR2866471A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-02-10 JP JP2006552664A patent/JP2007522665A/ja active Pending
- 2005-02-10 EP EP05717608A patent/EP1714313A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-02-10 WO PCT/FR2005/000318 patent/WO2005078785A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2005-02-10 US US10/589,275 patent/US7829449B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-02-10 CN CNB2005800042821A patent/CN100483649C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2005078785A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1954417A (zh) | 2007-04-25 |
| JP2007522665A (ja) | 2007-08-09 |
| US7829449B2 (en) | 2010-11-09 |
| FR2866471A1 (fr) | 2005-08-19 |
| WO2005078785A1 (fr) | 2005-08-25 |
| US20070170538A1 (en) | 2007-07-26 |
| CN100483649C (zh) | 2009-04-29 |
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