EP1705443A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour la réfrigération d'un gaz par échange directe avec un réfrigérant liquide - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la réfrigération d'un gaz par échange directe avec un réfrigérant liquide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1705443A1
EP1705443A1 EP06001111A EP06001111A EP1705443A1 EP 1705443 A1 EP1705443 A1 EP 1705443A1 EP 06001111 A EP06001111 A EP 06001111A EP 06001111 A EP06001111 A EP 06001111A EP 1705443 A1 EP1705443 A1 EP 1705443A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
flow
cooling
direct contact
cooling liquid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06001111A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Nohlen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Priority to EP06001111A priority Critical patent/EP1705443A1/fr
Publication of EP1705443A1 publication Critical patent/EP1705443A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04775—Air purification and pre-cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04157—Afterstage cooling and so-called "pre-cooling" of the feed air upstream the air purification unit and main heat exchange line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/30—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using a washing, e.g. "scrubbing" or bubble column for purification purposes
    • F25J2205/32—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using a washing, e.g. "scrubbing" or bubble column for purification purposes as direct contact cooling tower to produce a cooled gas stream, e.g. direct contact after cooler [DCAC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/30—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using a washing, e.g. "scrubbing" or bubble column for purification purposes
    • F25J2205/34—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using a washing, e.g. "scrubbing" or bubble column for purification purposes as evaporative cooling tower to produce chilled water, e.g. evaporative water chiller [EWC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for cooling a gas by direct heat exchange with a cooling liquid and a corresponding device.
  • an ascending gas in a direct contact cooler is brought into direct countercurrent contact with a first flow of cooling liquid.
  • cooled gas and a liquid return flow are withdrawn and forwarded as return flow.
  • Such a process is used, for example, in the cooling of compressed air, in particular for pre-cooling of air separation plants.
  • Methods and devices for the cryogenic decomposition of air are known, for example, from Hausen / Linde, Tiefftemperaturtechnik, 2nd edition 1985, Chapter 4 (pages 281 to 337).
  • Examples of air separation plants with direct contact coolers can be found in Wagner, Air separation technology today, 5th symposium to be arranged by LINDE AG in Kunststoff, 25.-27.06.86, Article A (Fig. 1a) and Wagner, development of air separation technology, Linde Symposium Air separation plants 1980, 'Article A ( Figure 11).
  • the air is cooled upstream of the main heat exchanger or a cleaning device, for example from 50 to 150 ° C to 5 to 40 ° C, preferably from 90 to 100 ° C to 8 to 12 ° C.
  • a coolant usually cooling water is used, which is performed in many cases in a cooling water circuit. Often, this cooling water circuit is integrated into a larger cooling water system, which also supplies cooling water for other processes.
  • flow and return temperature are specified, that is, in the direct contact cooler, a certain temperature difference between the first cooling liquid flow and return flow must be achieved. So far, this is achieved by a corresponding dimensioning of the flow rate of the first cooling liquid stream.
  • the invention is based on the object to make such a method economically cheaper.
  • This object is achieved by controlling the temperature of the recycle stream by introducing a second stream of cooling liquid whose temperature is lower than that of the recycle stream into the liquid recycle stream. A part of the available cooling liquid thus does not or at least not completely participate in the direct heat exchange with the gas to be cooled.
  • the liquid load of the direct contact cooler and optionally upstream pressure booster pump is correspondingly lower.
  • These components and the associated lines can be built correspondingly smaller.
  • drive energy can be saved in the pumps.
  • the in itself energetically unfavorable mixing of hot and cold coolant is overcompensated by these advantages by far.
  • a coolant for example, water can be used.
  • the direct contact cooler can basically be designed as a spray zone cooler. As a rule, however, it has internals in the form of mass transfer elements, in particular of sieve trays, random packings and / or ordered packings.
  • an integrated cooling fluid system is used, from which the first and second cooling liquid flow originate and in which Return flow is returned.
  • the return flows of several consumers are summarized, cooled in a liquid cooling device, such as a cooling tower or an evaporative cooler and then made available to the consumers again as a supply.
  • a liquid cooling device such as a cooling tower or an evaporative cooler
  • the second stream of cooling liquid can originate from any source of cooling liquid whose temperature is correspondingly low, in particular by other consumers of the cooling liquid system, for example the intercoolers and / or aftercoolers of a gas compressor, in which the gas to be cooled is compressed.
  • other consumers of the cooling liquid system for example the intercoolers and / or aftercoolers of a gas compressor, in which the gas to be cooled is compressed.
  • the first coolant flow and a second coolant flow are diverted from a main coolant flow, said main coolant flow, in particular, supplies no further coolant consumers.
  • the temperature of the recycle stream is adjusted by adjusting the amounts of the first and second coolant liquid streams.
  • the adjustment of the amounts of the two coolant liquid streams can be made by hand, by an automatic control of the mixing temperature or as a fixed setting of a predetermined ratio or previously determined absolute amounts.
  • the pumps and the lines connected to them can be dimensioned correspondingly small.
  • the invention also relates to a device for cooling a gas according to claim 6 as well as methods and devices for gas separation, in particular for cryogenic air separation according to the following claims.
  • a direct contact cooler 2 Via line 1, gas is introduced into the lower region of a direct contact cooler 2, in the example immediately above the sump.
  • the direct contact cooler has two mass transfer sections 3, 4, which are each equipped with sieve trays, random packings or ordered packings. The liquid distributors above these sections are not shown. At the top of the direct contact cooler, cooled gas exits via line 5.
  • the gas 1 to be cooled preferably originates from a feed gas compressor (not shown), which may have an aftercooler, in which part of the heat of compression is removed by means of indirect heat exchange; However, such an aftercooler is not provided in the exemplary embodiment.
  • the gas 1 enters at a temperature of 90 to 100 ° C in the direct contact cooler 2 and the cooled gas 5 flows out at 8 to 12 ° C again.
  • a main coolant flow is supplied from a coolant system at a predetermined flow temperature of preferably 15 to 45 ° C, for example, about 30 ° C. At least one part is introduced as the first coolant flow 7, 8 by means of, for example, an electrically driven pump 9 onto the lower section 3 of the direct contact cooler 2. This coolant occurs in the direct contact cooler 2, 3 in direct heat exchange with the gas from line 1. It is heated and withdrawn as reflux 10 from the direct contact cooler. The return flow flows via a return line 11 back into the cooling fluid system.
  • the second cooling liquid stream 12 is mixed according to the invention with a second cooling liquid stream 12, 13, whose temperature is lower.
  • the second coolant flow is branched off from the main coolant flow 6 in the example.
  • the return temperature in the conduit 11 (preferably 25 to 55 ° C, for example, about 40 ° C) is determined by the flow rates of the first cooling liquid stream (preferably 30 to 60 ° C, for example, about 45 ° C) and the second cooling liquid stream (preferably 15 ° C) to 45 ° C, for example about 30 ° C) by appropriate adjustment of the valves 15, 14 set.
  • the adjustment of the amounts of the two cooling liquid streams can be done manually, by an automatic temperature control or as a fixed setting of a predetermined ratio or previously determined absolute quantities.
  • the drain valve 17 for the return flow 10 can be included in this scheme.
  • the upper section 4 of the direct contact cooler is not essential to the method according to the invention and can basically be omitted. In the exemplary embodiment, it serves for further cooling of the gas by means of a third coolant flow 16, which can be formed in particular by fresh water or by cold water from an evaporative cooler or a refrigeration system.
  • the gas is formed by atmospheric air.
  • the cooled air 5 is treated in an adsorptive cleaner and then enters the coldbox of a cryogenic separator. There it is cooled in a main heat exchanger to about dew point and introduced into the separation column or in one or more of the separation columns of the distillation column system of the separator.
  • the cooling liquid is formed by water.
  • the temperature of the return flow 10 was increased by 5 K compared to a method without admixture (valve 14 closed).
  • the amount of the first coolant flow 7, 8 could be reduced by about 40%. This makes it possible to reduce the direct contact cooler in cross section by about 10% and save about 40% of the pump power in 9.
  • the return flow 10 with another relatively cold Coolant stream are mixed, for example, with one or more return streams from the intercoolers of one or more gas compressor.
  • a relatively high throughput of cooling fluid is adjusted by the respective intercooler in order to achieve a correspondingly low temperature before mixing with the return flow from the direct contact cooler.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
EP06001111A 2005-02-11 2006-01-19 Procédé et dispositif pour la réfrigération d'un gaz par échange directe avec un réfrigérant liquide Withdrawn EP1705443A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06001111A EP1705443A1 (fr) 2005-02-11 2006-01-19 Procédé et dispositif pour la réfrigération d'un gaz par échange directe avec un réfrigérant liquide

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05002984 2005-02-11
EP06001111A EP1705443A1 (fr) 2005-02-11 2006-01-19 Procédé et dispositif pour la réfrigération d'un gaz par échange directe avec un réfrigérant liquide

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1705443A1 true EP1705443A1 (fr) 2006-09-27

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EP06001111A Withdrawn EP1705443A1 (fr) 2005-02-11 2006-01-19 Procédé et dispositif pour la réfrigération d'un gaz par échange directe avec un réfrigérant liquide

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01107082A (ja) * 1987-10-21 1989-04-24 Hitachi Ltd 空気分離装置の空気予冷却方法
JPH04251181A (ja) * 1990-12-28 1992-09-07 Nippon Sanso Kk 液化天然ガスの寒冷を利用した空気液化分離装置の冷却水冷却方法及び装置
DE10115258A1 (de) * 2001-03-28 2002-07-18 Linde Ag Maschinensystem und dessen Anwendung
EP1284402A2 (fr) * 2001-08-15 2003-02-19 The Boc Group, Inc. Dispositif et méthode de refroidissement

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01107082A (ja) * 1987-10-21 1989-04-24 Hitachi Ltd 空気分離装置の空気予冷却方法
JPH04251181A (ja) * 1990-12-28 1992-09-07 Nippon Sanso Kk 液化天然ガスの寒冷を利用した空気液化分離装置の冷却水冷却方法及び装置
DE10115258A1 (de) * 2001-03-28 2002-07-18 Linde Ag Maschinensystem und dessen Anwendung
EP1284402A2 (fr) * 2001-08-15 2003-02-19 The Boc Group, Inc. Dispositif et méthode de refroidissement

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
HAUSEN; LINDE, TIEFTEMPERATURTECHNIK, 1985, pages 281 - 337
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 017, no. 027 (M - 1355) 19 January 1993 (1993-01-19) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2000, no. 18 5 June 2001 (2001-06-05) *

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