EP1702156A1 - Fuel injection valve - Google Patents

Fuel injection valve

Info

Publication number
EP1702156A1
EP1702156A1 EP04817563A EP04817563A EP1702156A1 EP 1702156 A1 EP1702156 A1 EP 1702156A1 EP 04817563 A EP04817563 A EP 04817563A EP 04817563 A EP04817563 A EP 04817563A EP 1702156 A1 EP1702156 A1 EP 1702156A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel injection
injection valve
spray opening
section
valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04817563A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1702156B1 (en
Inventor
Volker Holzgrefe
Stefan Arndt
Gernot Wuerfel
Manfred Stuerz
Axel Storch
Guido Pilgram
Juergen Raimann
Detlef Nowak
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1702156A1 publication Critical patent/EP1702156A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1702156B1 publication Critical patent/EP1702156B1/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/08—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves opening in direction of fuel flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F02M51/0675—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto the valve body having cylindrical guiding or metering portions, e.g. with fuel passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0685—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature and the valve being allowed to move relatively to each other or not being attached to each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/1833—Discharge orifices having changing cross sections, e.g. being divergent

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • Spray opening opens out on a flat surface surrounding the spray opening.
  • the spray opening opens out on an outer surface of a circular cone which tapers conically in cross section, the outer surfaces running above and below the spray opening having an angle of 180 ° to one another.
  • a disadvantage of the fuel injection valves known from the prior art is, in particular, that the flat, non-projecting arrangement of the spray opening in a flat surface or between two surfaces with a cross-section in a line with one another for the prevention of precipitation of fuel sufficient gas flow cannot be achieved.
  • the formation of combustion residues in and around the Spray opening is increased.
  • the combustion process cannot be optimally controlled over the service life of the fuel injector.
  • the consumption and the pollutant development are increased.
  • the fuel injector according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that, due to the exposed position of the outlet of the spray opening, the strength of the gas movements is sufficient to keep the surroundings of the outlet free of deposits that would adversely affect the injection process.
  • the spray opening opens out in the region of the transition from a first surface to a second surface, the two surfaces being arranged with respect to one another with an outside angle of more than 180 °. Due to the conical sections produced in this way, the fuel injector can be produced by simple and inexpensive method steps.
  • the spray opening advantageously widens conically outwards.
  • a fuel flow detached from the wall of the spray opening at the entrance of the spray opening is thereby reliably maintained in the spray opening.
  • the fuel flow, detached from the walls, for example in the form of a vortex zone or cavitation bubble prevents the walls of the spray opening from being wetted with fuel and, by means of hydrodynamic transverse forces, causes the spray opening to self-clean during the injection process. Since this detached flow is maintained over the entire length of the spray opening, the spray opening can become do not form deposits.
  • the spray opening can be made longer without disadvantages, as a result of which the stability of the spray-side end of the fuel injector is increased.
  • the second section can be formed by a circumferential groove.
  • the second section can be produced simply and inexpensively, in particular in the case of fuel injection valves with a plurality of spray openings.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic section through an example of a fuel injector of the generic type
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic section through a first exemplary embodiment of a fuel injection valve according to the invention in the region of the spray opening
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic section through a second exemplary embodiment of a fuel injection valve according to the invention in the region of the spray opening
  • 4 shows a schematic section through a third exemplary embodiment of a fuel injection valve according to the invention in the region of the spray opening
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of a fourth exemplary embodiment of a fuel injection valve according to the invention in the region of the spray opening and
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic section through a fifth exemplary embodiment of a fuel injection valve according to the invention in the region of the spray opening.
  • FIGS. 2 to 6 Before preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention according to the invention are described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6, a generic fuel injector with respect to its essential components will first be briefly explained with reference to FIG. 1 for better understanding of the invention.
  • a first exemplary embodiment of a generic fuel injector 1 shown in FIG. 1 is designed in the form of a fuel injector 1 for fuel injection systems of mixture-compressing, spark-ignition internal combustion engines.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is particularly suitable for injecting fuel directly into a combustion chamber (not shown) of an internal combustion engine with a jet-guided combustion process.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 consists of a nozzle body 2, in which a valve needle 3 is arranged.
  • the valve needle 3 has a valve closing body 4 on the spray side, which cooperates with a valve seat surface 6 arranged on a valve seat body 5 to form a sealing seat.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is a fuel injection valve 1 that opens inwards and has a spray opening 7.
  • the nozzle body 2 is sealed by a seal 8 against an outer pole 9 of a solenoid 10.
  • the magnet coil 10 is encapsulated in a coil housing 11 and wound on a coil carrier 12 which bears against an inner pole 13 of the magnet coil 10.
  • the inner pole 13 and the outer pole 9 are separated from one another by a distance 26 and connected to one another by a non-ferromagnetic connecting component 29.
  • the magnetic coil 10 is excited via an electrical line 19 by an electrical current that can be supplied via an electrical plug contact 17.
  • the plug contact 17 is surrounded by a plastic sheath 18, which can be molded onto the inner pole 13.
  • valve needle 3 is guided in a valve needle guide 14, which is disc-shaped.
  • a paired adjusting disk 15 is used for stroke adjustment.
  • the armature 20 is located on the other side of the adjusting disk 15. This armature is connected via a first flange 21 to the valve needle 3, which is connected to the first flange 21 by a weld seam 22.
  • a helical return spring 23 is supported on the first flange 21 and, in the present design of the fuel injection valve 1, is preloaded by a sleeve 24.
  • Fuel channels 30, 31 and 32 run in the valve needle guide 14, in the armature 20 and on a guide element 36.
  • the fuel is supplied via a central fuel supply 16 and filtered by a filter element 25.
  • the fuel injector 1 is through a rubber ring 28 sealed against a fuel rail, not shown, and sealed by a seal 37 against a cylinder head, not shown.
  • An annular damping element 33 which consists of an elastomer material, is arranged on the spray-side side of the armature 20. It rests on a second flange 34 which is integrally connected to the valve needle 3 via a weld seam 35.
  • the armature 20 In the idle state of the fuel injection valve 1, the armature 20 is acted upon by the return spring 23 against its stroke direction in such a way that the valve closing body 4 is held in sealing contact with the valve seat surface 6.
  • the magnetic coil 10 When the magnetic coil 10 is excited, it builds up a magnetic field which moves the armature 20 against the spring force of the return spring 23 in the stroke direction, the stroke being predetermined by a working gap 27 which is in the rest position between the inner pole 12 and the armature 20.
  • the armature 20 also takes the first flange 21, which is welded to the valve needle 3, in the lifting direction.
  • the valve closing body 4 connected to the valve needle 3 lifts off the valve seat surface 6, and the fuel supplied under pressure is sprayed through the spray opening 7 into the combustion chamber (not shown).
  • the armature 20 drops from the inner pole 13 after the magnetic field has been sufficiently reduced by the pressure of the return spring 23, as a result of which the first flange 21, which is connected to the valve needle 3, moves counter to the stroke direction.
  • the valve needle 3 is thereby moved in the same direction, as a result of which the valve-closure member 4 is seated on the valve seat surface 6 and the fuel injector 1 is closed.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 has a central axis 47, to which in this exemplary embodiment in particular the valve needle 3, the valve closing body 4 and the nozzle body 2 are arranged coaxially.
  • the nozzle body 2 of the fuel injection valve 1 that opens inwards in this exemplary embodiment is formed in one piece with the valve seat body 5.
  • the valve seat body 5 is configured in the shape of a circular cone on the outside and has at least one circumferential first surface
  • Spray opening 7 opens at the transition from the first surface 39 to the second surface 40 at an exit point 46 from the valve seat body 5.
  • the first surface 39 has an outside angle 41 of more than 180 °, for example 210 °, running outside the valve seat body 5 relative to the second surface 40.
  • the exit point 46 and the immediate area around the exit point 46 are relative to all the outer surfaces thereof surrounding it
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic section through a second exemplary embodiment of the fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention in the region of the spray opening 7, similar to the first exemplary embodiment from FIG. 2.
  • the diameter of the spray opening 7 widens conically in the spray direction.
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic section through a third embodiment of the invention
  • the diameter of the spray opening 7 is widened by a step 42 in the spray direction.
  • the step 42 divides the course of the spray opening 7 into an upstream first section 44 and a second section 45 thereof in the spray direction.
  • the second section 45 is, for example, cylindrical and is produced by drilling, the two sections 44, 45 being arranged coaxially to one another in this exemplary embodiment.
  • the second section 45 can also be realized by a circumferential groove 43, which is shown in more detail in FIG. 5, in which case the cross sections of the two sections 44, 45, as shown in FIG. 4, are also arranged coaxially to one another.
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic representation of a fourth embodiment of the invention
  • the valve seat body 5 has a plurality of spray openings 7.
  • the second section 45 or the step 42 is formed by the groove 43 which radially surrounds the valve seat body 5 at the level of the spray openings 7.
  • the two spray openings 7 shown each have a first section 44 with different diameters. The diameter can be as large as the height of the groove 43 or less.
  • FIG. 6 shows a fifth exemplary embodiment of a fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention.
  • the nozzle body 2 of the fuel injection valve 1 which opens outwards in this exemplary embodiment is formed in one piece with the valve seat body 5.
  • the second surface 40 is arranged on the outside of the valve closing body 4.
  • the Valve closing body 4 delimits the spray opening 7 with the valve seat body 5, the spray opening 7 expanding conically downstream of the sealing seat and the spray opening 7 taking on the shape of a circumferential annular gap in the open state.
  • the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments shown.
  • the features of the exemplary embodiments can be combined with one another in any manner.

Abstract

Disclosed is a fuel injection valve (1) comprising an actuator which is effectively connected to a valve needle (3). The discharge end of said valve needle (3) is provided with a valve-closing member (4) which cooperates with a valve seat surface (6) so as to form a sealing seat. A discharge port (7) ends at an outlet point (46). Said outlet point (46) of the discharge port (7) protrudes relative to all sides of the surface which surrounds the outlet point (46) and from which the same extends.

Description

Brennstoffeinspritzventil Fuel injector
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs .The invention relates to a fuel injector according to the preamble of the main claim.
Beispielsweise ist aus der DE 199 50 760 AI einFor example, from DE 199 50 760 AI
Brennstoffeinspritzventil bekannt, bei dem dieFuel injector known in which the
Abspritzöffnung an einer die Abspritzöffnung umgebenden ebenen Fläche ausmündet.Spray opening opens out on a flat surface surrounding the spray opening.
In anderen ebenfalls aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Brennstoffeinspritzventilen mündet die Abspritzöffnung an einer im Querschnitt konisch zulaufenden Außenfläche eines Kreiskegeis aus, wobei die oberhalb und unterhalb der Abspritzöffnung verlaufenden Außenflächen einen Winkel von 180° zueinander aufweisen.In other fuel injection valves which are also known from the prior art, the spray opening opens out on an outer surface of a circular cone which tapers conically in cross section, the outer surfaces running above and below the spray opening having an angle of 180 ° to one another.
Nachteilig bei den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Brennstoffeinspritzventilen ist insbesondere, daß durch die flache, nicht hervorstehende Anordnung der Abspritzöffnung in einer ebenen Fläche bzw. zwischen zwei zueinander in im Querschnitt zueinander in einer Linie verlaufenden Flächen, eine für die Verhinderung von Niederschlag von Brennstoff ausreichende GasStrömung nicht erzielt werden kann. Die Bildung von Verbrennungsrückständen in und um die Abspritzöffnung ist dadurch erhöht. Der Verbrennungsablauf kann dadurch nicht optimal über die Lebensdauer des Brennstoffeinspritzventils gesteuert werden. Der Verbrauch und die Schadstoffentwicklung sind erhöht.A disadvantage of the fuel injection valves known from the prior art is, in particular, that the flat, non-projecting arrangement of the spray opening in a flat surface or between two surfaces with a cross-section in a line with one another for the prevention of precipitation of fuel sufficient gas flow cannot be achieved. The formation of combustion residues in and around the Spray opening is increased. As a result, the combustion process cannot be optimally controlled over the service life of the fuel injector. The consumption and the pollutant development are increased.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
Das erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß durch die exponierte Lage der Austrittsstelle der Abspritzöffnung die Stärke der Gasbewegungen ausreicht, um die Umgebung der Austrittsstelle frei von Ablagerungen zu halten, die den Einspritzvorgang unvorteilhaft beeinflussen würden.The fuel injector according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that, due to the exposed position of the outlet of the spray opening, the strength of the gas movements is sufficient to keep the surroundings of the outlet free of deposits that would adversely affect the injection process.
Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Brennstoffeinspritzventils möglich.The measures listed in the subclaims allow advantageous developments of the fuel injector specified in the main claim.
In einer ersten Weiterbildung mündet die Abspritzöffnung im Bereich des Übergangs einer ersten Fläche in eine zweite Fläche aus, wobei die beiden Flächen zueinander mit einem Außenwinkel von mehr als 180° angeordnet sind. Durch die dadurch erzeugten kegelförmigen Abschnitte kann das Brennstoffeinspritzventil durch einfache und kostengünstige Verfahrensschritte hergestellt werden.In a first further development, the spray opening opens out in the region of the transition from a first surface to a second surface, the two surfaces being arranged with respect to one another with an outside angle of more than 180 °. Due to the conical sections produced in this way, the fuel injector can be produced by simple and inexpensive method steps.
Vorteilhafterweise erweitert sich die AbspritzÖffnung konisch nach außen. Eine am Eingang der Abspritzöffnung von der Wandung der Abspritzöffnung abgelöste BrennstoffStrömung wird dadurch in der Abspritzöffnung sicher aufrecht erhalten. Die beispielsweise in Form einer Wirbelzone oder Kavitationsblase gebildete, von den Wandungen abgelöste BrennstoffStrömung, verhindert eine Benetzung der Wandungen der Abspritzöffnung mit Brennstoff und bewirkt durch hydrodynamische Querkräfte eine Selbstreinigung der Abspritzöffnung beim Einspritzvorgang. Da diese abgelöste Strömung über die ganze Länge der Abspritzöffnung aufrechterhalten wird, können sich in der Abspritzöffnung keine Ablagerungen bilden. Außerdem kann die Abspritzöffnung ohne Nachteile länger ausgebildet werden, wodurch die Stabilität des abspritzseitigen Endes des Brennstoffeinspritzventils erhöht ist. Dies wird auch durch eine gestufte, nach außen aufweitende Gestaltung der Abspritzöffnungen erreicht, wobei darüber hinaus vorteilhafterweise noch ein direkter Flammenzutritt in den durchflußbestimmenden innen liegenden Abschnitt kleineren Durchmessers verhindert wird, wenn der erste Abschnitt zumindest teilweise durch den zweiten Abschnitt gegenüber dem Brennraum bzw. der sich im Brennraum entstehenden und ausbreitenden Flammenfront verdeckt ist .The spray opening advantageously widens conically outwards. A fuel flow detached from the wall of the spray opening at the entrance of the spray opening is thereby reliably maintained in the spray opening. The fuel flow, detached from the walls, for example in the form of a vortex zone or cavitation bubble, prevents the walls of the spray opening from being wetted with fuel and, by means of hydrodynamic transverse forces, causes the spray opening to self-clean during the injection process. Since this detached flow is maintained over the entire length of the spray opening, the spray opening can become do not form deposits. In addition, the spray opening can be made longer without disadvantages, as a result of which the stability of the spray-side end of the fuel injector is increased. This is also achieved by a stepped, outward-widening configuration of the spray openings, in addition to which a direct flame access into the flow-determining inner section of smaller diameter is also advantageously prevented if the first section is at least partially through the second section opposite the combustion chamber or flame front arising and spreading in the combustion chamber is covered.
Von Vorteil ist es außerdem, den zweiten Abschnitt durch eine umlaufende Nut auszubilden. Hierduch kann der zweite Abschnitt einfach und kostengünstig erzeugt werden, insbesondere bei Brennstoffeinspritzventilen mit mehreren Abspritzöffnungen.It is also advantageous to form the second section by a circumferential groove. In this way, the second section can be produced simply and inexpensively, in particular in the case of fuel injection valves with a plurality of spray openings.
Zeichnungdrawing
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:Embodiments of the invention are shown in simplified form in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:
Fig. 1 einen schematischen Schnitt durch ein Beispiel eines gattungsgemäß ausgestalteten Brennstoffeinspritzventils ,1 shows a schematic section through an example of a fuel injector of the generic type,
Fig. 2 einen schematischen Schnitt durch ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils im Bereich der AbspritzÖffnung,2 shows a schematic section through a first exemplary embodiment of a fuel injection valve according to the invention in the region of the spray opening,
Fig. 3 einen schematischen Schnitt durch ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils im Bereich der Abspritzöffnung, Fig. 4 einen schematischen Schnitt durch ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils im Bereich der Abspritzöffnung,3 shows a schematic section through a second exemplary embodiment of a fuel injection valve according to the invention in the region of the spray opening, 4 shows a schematic section through a third exemplary embodiment of a fuel injection valve according to the invention in the region of the spray opening,
Fig. 5 eine schematische Darstellung eines vierten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils im Bereich der Abspritzöffnung und5 shows a schematic representation of a fourth exemplary embodiment of a fuel injection valve according to the invention in the region of the spray opening and
Fig. 6 einen schematischen Schnitt durch ein fünftes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils im Bereich der Abspritzöffnung.6 shows a schematic section through a fifth exemplary embodiment of a fuel injection valve according to the invention in the region of the spray opening.
Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments
Nachfolgend werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung beispielhaft beschrieben. Übereinstimmende Bauteile sind dabei mit übereinstimmenden Bezugszeichen versehen.Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described below by way of example. Matching components are provided with matching reference numerals.
Bevor anhand der Figuren 2 bis 6 bevorzugte erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung näher beschrieben werden, soll zum besseren Verständnis der Erfindung zunächst anhand von Fig. 1 ein gattungsgemäßes Brennstoffeinspritzventil bezüglich seiner wesentlichen Bauteile kurz erläutert werden.Before preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention according to the invention are described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6, a generic fuel injector with respect to its essential components will first be briefly explained with reference to FIG. 1 for better understanding of the invention.
Ein in Fig. 1 dargestelltes erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines gattungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 ist in der Form eines Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von gemischverdichtenden, fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschinen ausgeführt. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 eignet sich insbesondere zum direkten Einspritzen von Brennstoff in einen nicht dargestellten Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine mit strahlgeführtem Brennverfahren. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 besteht aus einem Düsenkörper 2, in welchem eine Ventilnadel 3 angeordnet ist. Die Ventilnadel 3 weist abspritzseitig einen Ventilschließkörper 4 auf, der mit einer auf einem Ventilsitzkörper 5 angeordneten Ventilsitzfläche 6 zu einem Dichtsitz zusammenwirkt. Bei dem Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 handelt es sich im Ausführungsbeispiel um ein nach innen öffnendes Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1, welches über eine Abspritzöffnung 7 verfügt. Der Düsenkörper 2 ist durch eine Dichtung 8 gegen einen Außenpol 9 einer Magnetspule 10 abgedichtet. Die Magnetspule 10 ist in einem Spulengehäuse 11 gekapselt und auf einen Spulenträger 12 gewickelt, welcher an einem Innenpol 13 der Magnetspule 10 anliegt. Der Innenpol 13 und der Außenpol 9 sind durch einen Abstand 26 voneinander getrennt und miteinander durch ein nicht ferromagnetisches Verbindungsbauteil 29 verbunden. Die Magnetspule 10 wird über eine elektrische Leitung 19 von einem über einen elektrischen Steckkontakt 17 zuführbaren elektrischen Strom erregt. Der Steckkontakt 17 ist von einer Kunststoffummantelung 18 umgeben, die am Innenpol 13 angespritzt sein kann.A first exemplary embodiment of a generic fuel injector 1 shown in FIG. 1 is designed in the form of a fuel injector 1 for fuel injection systems of mixture-compressing, spark-ignition internal combustion engines. The fuel injection valve 1 is particularly suitable for injecting fuel directly into a combustion chamber (not shown) of an internal combustion engine with a jet-guided combustion process. The fuel injection valve 1 consists of a nozzle body 2, in which a valve needle 3 is arranged. The valve needle 3 has a valve closing body 4 on the spray side, which cooperates with a valve seat surface 6 arranged on a valve seat body 5 to form a sealing seat. In the exemplary embodiment, the fuel injection valve 1 is a fuel injection valve 1 that opens inwards and has a spray opening 7. The nozzle body 2 is sealed by a seal 8 against an outer pole 9 of a solenoid 10. The magnet coil 10 is encapsulated in a coil housing 11 and wound on a coil carrier 12 which bears against an inner pole 13 of the magnet coil 10. The inner pole 13 and the outer pole 9 are separated from one another by a distance 26 and connected to one another by a non-ferromagnetic connecting component 29. The magnetic coil 10 is excited via an electrical line 19 by an electrical current that can be supplied via an electrical plug contact 17. The plug contact 17 is surrounded by a plastic sheath 18, which can be molded onto the inner pole 13.
Die Ventilnadel 3 ist in einer Ventilnadelführung 14 geführt, welche scheibenförmig ausgeführt ist. Zur Hubeinstellung dient eine zugepaarte Einstellscheibe 15. An der anderen Seite der Einstellscheibe 15 befindet sich der Anker 20. Dieser steht über einen ersten Flansch 21 mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Verbindung, welche durch eine Schweißnaht 22 mit dem ersten Flansch 21 verbunden ist. Auf dem ersten Flansch 21 stützt sich eine spiralförmige Rückstellfeder 23 ab, welche in der vorliegenden Bauform des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 durch eine Hülse 24 auf Vorspannung gebracht wird.The valve needle 3 is guided in a valve needle guide 14, which is disc-shaped. A paired adjusting disk 15 is used for stroke adjustment. The armature 20 is located on the other side of the adjusting disk 15. This armature is connected via a first flange 21 to the valve needle 3, which is connected to the first flange 21 by a weld seam 22. A helical return spring 23 is supported on the first flange 21 and, in the present design of the fuel injection valve 1, is preloaded by a sleeve 24.
In der Ventilnadelführung 14, im Anker 20 und an einem Führungselement 36 verlaufen Brennstoffkanäle 30, 31 und 32. Der Brennstoff wird über eine zentrale Brennstoffzufuhr 16 zugeführt und durch ein Filterelement 25 gefiltert. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 ist durch einen Gummiring 28 gegen eine nicht weiter dargestellte Brennstoffverteilerleitung und durch eine Dichtung 37 gegen einen nicht weiter dargestellten Zylinderkopf abgedichtet.Fuel channels 30, 31 and 32 run in the valve needle guide 14, in the armature 20 and on a guide element 36. The fuel is supplied via a central fuel supply 16 and filtered by a filter element 25. The fuel injector 1 is through a rubber ring 28 sealed against a fuel rail, not shown, and sealed by a seal 37 against a cylinder head, not shown.
An der abspritzseitigen Seite des Ankers 20 ist ein ringförmiges Dämpfungselement 33, welches aus einem Elastomerwerkstoff besteht, angeordnet. Es liegt auf einem zweiten Flansch 34 auf, welcher über eine Schweißnaht 35 stoffschlüssig mit der Ventilnadel 3 verbunden ist.An annular damping element 33, which consists of an elastomer material, is arranged on the spray-side side of the armature 20. It rests on a second flange 34 which is integrally connected to the valve needle 3 via a weld seam 35.
Im Ruhezustand des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 wird der Anker 20 von der Rückstellfeder 23 entgegen seiner Hubrichtung so beaufschlagt, daß der Ventilschließkörper 4 an der Ventilsitzfläche 6 in dichtender Anlage gehalten wird. Bei Erregung der Magnetspule 10 baut diese ein Magnetfeld auf, welches den Anker 20 entgegen der Federkraft der Rückstellfeder 23 in Hubrichtung bewegt, wobei der Hub durch einen in der Ruhestellung zwischen dem Innenpol 12 und dem Anker 20 befindlichen Arbeitsspalt 27 vorgegeben ist. Der Anker 20 nimmt den ersten Flansch 21, welcher mit der Ventilnadel 3 verschweißt ist, ebenfalls in Hubrichtung mit. Der mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Verbindung stehende Ventilschließkörper 4 hebt von der Ventilsitzfläche 6 ab, und der druckbehaftet zugeführte Brennstoff wird durch die Abspritzöffnung 7 in den nicht dargestellten Brennraum abgespritzt.In the idle state of the fuel injection valve 1, the armature 20 is acted upon by the return spring 23 against its stroke direction in such a way that the valve closing body 4 is held in sealing contact with the valve seat surface 6. When the magnetic coil 10 is excited, it builds up a magnetic field which moves the armature 20 against the spring force of the return spring 23 in the stroke direction, the stroke being predetermined by a working gap 27 which is in the rest position between the inner pole 12 and the armature 20. The armature 20 also takes the first flange 21, which is welded to the valve needle 3, in the lifting direction. The valve closing body 4 connected to the valve needle 3 lifts off the valve seat surface 6, and the fuel supplied under pressure is sprayed through the spray opening 7 into the combustion chamber (not shown).
Wird der Spulenstrom abgeschaltet, fällt der Anker 20 nach genügendem Abbau des Magnetfeldes durch den Druck der Rückstellfeder 23 vom Innenpol 13 ab, wodurch sich der mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Verbindung stehende erste Flansch 21 entgegen der Hubrichtung bewegt. Die Ventilnadel 3 wird dadurch in die gleiche Richtung bewegt, wodurch der Ventilschließkörper 4 auf der Ventilsitzfläche 6 aufsetzt und das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 geschlossen wird.If the coil current is switched off, the armature 20 drops from the inner pole 13 after the magnetic field has been sufficiently reduced by the pressure of the return spring 23, as a result of which the first flange 21, which is connected to the valve needle 3, moves counter to the stroke direction. The valve needle 3 is thereby moved in the same direction, as a result of which the valve-closure member 4 is seated on the valve seat surface 6 and the fuel injector 1 is closed.
Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 weist eine Mittelachse 47 auf, zu welcher in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel insbesondere die Ventilnadel 3, der Ventilschließkörper 4 und der Düsenkörper 2 koaxial angeordnet sind.The fuel injection valve 1 has a central axis 47, to which in this exemplary embodiment in particular the valve needle 3, the valve closing body 4 and the nozzle body 2 are arranged coaxially.
Fig. 2 zeigt ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1. Der Düsenkörper 2 des in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel nach innen öffnenden Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 ist einstückig mit dem Ventilsitzkörper 5 ausgebildet. Die beispielsweise durch Bohren oder Laserbohren hergestellte Abspritzöffnung 7 verläuft gerade mit einem Winkel von beispielsweise 30° zur Mittelachse 47 im Ventilsitzkörper 5, wobei sie im Verlauf einen gleichbleibenden Durchmesser aufweist.2 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention. The nozzle body 2 of the fuel injection valve 1 that opens inwards in this exemplary embodiment is formed in one piece with the valve seat body 5. The spray opening 7, which is produced, for example, by drilling or laser drilling, runs straight at an angle of, for example, 30 ° to the central axis 47 in the valve seat body 5, with it having a constant diameter over the course.
Der Ventilsitzkörper 5 ist außen kreiskegelförmig ausgebildet und weist zumindest eine umlaufende erste FlächeThe valve seat body 5 is configured in the shape of a circular cone on the outside and has at least one circumferential first surface
39 und eine umlaufende zweite Fläche 40 auf, die zur39 and a circumferential second surface 40 which for
Mittelachse 47 unterschiedliche Winkel einnehmen. DieCenter axis take 47 different angles. The
Abspritzöffnung 7 mündet am Übergang der ersten Fläche 39 zur zweiten Fläche 40 an einer Austrittsstelle 46 aus dem Ventilsitzkörper 5 aus. Die erste Fläche 39 weist zur zweiten Fläche 40 einen außerhalb des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 verlaufenden Außenwinkel 41 von mehr als 180° auf, beispielsweise 210°. Dadurch steht die Austrittsstelle 46 und der unmittelbare Bereich um die Austrittsstelle 46 relativ zu allen sie umgebenden Außenflächen desSpray opening 7 opens at the transition from the first surface 39 to the second surface 40 at an exit point 46 from the valve seat body 5. The first surface 39 has an outside angle 41 of more than 180 °, for example 210 °, running outside the valve seat body 5 relative to the second surface 40. As a result, the exit point 46 and the immediate area around the exit point 46 are relative to all the outer surfaces thereof surrounding it
Ventilsitzkörpers 5 hervor.Valve seat body 5 out.
Fig. 3 zeigt einen schematischen Schnitt durch ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 im Bereich der Abspritzöffnung 7, ähnlich dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel aus Fig. 2. Im Unterschied zum ersten Ausführungsbeispiel erweitert sich der Durchmesser der Abspritzöffnung 7 konisch in Abspritzrichtung.3 shows a schematic section through a second exemplary embodiment of the fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention in the region of the spray opening 7, similar to the first exemplary embodiment from FIG. 2. In contrast to the first exemplary embodiment, the diameter of the spray opening 7 widens conically in the spray direction.
Fig. 4 zeigt einen schematischen Schnitt durch ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßenFig. 4 shows a schematic section through a third embodiment of the invention
Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 im Bereich der Abspritzöffnung 7, ähnlich dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel aus Fig. 2. Im Unterschied zum ersten Ausführungsbeispiel erweitert sich der Durchmesser der Abspritzöffnung 7 durch eine Stufe 42 in Abspritzrichtung. Durch die Stufe 42 wird in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel der Verlauf der Abspritzöffnung 7 in einen stromaufwärts liegenden ersten Abschnitt 44 und einen davon in Abspritzrichtung liegenden zweiten Abschnitt 45 geteilt. Der zweite Abschnitt 45 ist beispielsweise Zylinderförmig und durch Bohren hergestellt, wobei in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel die beiden Abschnitte 44, 45 koaxial zueinander angeordnet sind. Der zweite Abschnitt 45 kann auch durch eine umlaufende Nut 43, welche in Fig. 5 näher dargestellt ist, realisiert werden, wobei dann die Querschnitte der beiden Abschnitte 44, 45, wie in Fig. 4 gezeigt, ebenfalls koaxial zueinander angeordnet sind. Durch eine am unteren Ende an der Austrittsstelle 46 bzw. am abspritzseitigen Ende des zweiten Abschnitts 45 ausgebildeten Kante 38, ist der erste Abschnitt 44 gegenüber dem Brennraum bzw. der sich im Brennraum zur Abspritzöffnung 7 hin bewegenden Flammenfront verdeckt .Fuel injection valve 1 in the region of the spray opening 7, similar to the first exemplary embodiment from FIG. 2 In contrast to the first exemplary embodiment, the diameter of the spray opening 7 is widened by a step 42 in the spray direction. In this exemplary embodiment, the step 42 divides the course of the spray opening 7 into an upstream first section 44 and a second section 45 thereof in the spray direction. The second section 45 is, for example, cylindrical and is produced by drilling, the two sections 44, 45 being arranged coaxially to one another in this exemplary embodiment. The second section 45 can also be realized by a circumferential groove 43, which is shown in more detail in FIG. 5, in which case the cross sections of the two sections 44, 45, as shown in FIG. 4, are also arranged coaxially to one another. By an edge 38 formed at the lower end at the exit point 46 or at the spray-side end of the second section 45, the first section 44 is covered with respect to the combustion chamber or the flame front moving towards the spray opening 7 in the combustion chamber.
Fig. 5 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung eines vierten Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßenFig. 5 shows a schematic representation of a fourth embodiment of the invention
Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 im Bereich der Abspritzöffnung 7, ähnlich dem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel aus Fig. 4. Im Unterschied zum dritten Ausführungsbeispiel weist der Ventilsitzkörper 5 mehrere Abspritzöffnungen 7 auf. Außerdem ist der zweite Abschnitt 45 bzw. die Stufe 42 durch die den Ventilsitzkörper 5 auf Höhe der Abspritzöffnungen 7 radial umlaufende Nut 43 ausgebildet. Die zwei dargestellten Abspritzöffnungen 7 weisen jeweils einen ersten Abschnitt 44 mit unterschiedlichen Durchmessern auf. Der Durchmesser kann maximal so groß sein wie die Höhe der Nut 43 oder kleiner.Fuel injection valve 1 in the region of the spray opening 7, similar to the third exemplary embodiment from FIG. 4. In contrast to the third exemplary embodiment, the valve seat body 5 has a plurality of spray openings 7. In addition, the second section 45 or the step 42 is formed by the groove 43 which radially surrounds the valve seat body 5 at the level of the spray openings 7. The two spray openings 7 shown each have a first section 44 with different diameters. The diameter can be as large as the height of the groove 43 or less.
Fig. 6 zeigt ein fünftes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1. Der Düsenkörper 2 des in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel nach außen öffnenden Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 ist einstückig mit dem Ventilsitzkörper 5 ausgebildet. Die zweite Fläche 40 ist außen am Ventilschließkörper 4 angeordnet. Der Ventilschließkörper 4 begrenzt mit dem Ventilsitzkörper 5 die Abspritzöffnung 7, wobei die Abspritzöffnung 7 sich stromabwärts des Dichtsitzes konisch erweitert und die Abspritzöffnung 7 im geöffneten Zustand die Form eines umlaufenden Ringspalts annimmt.6 shows a fifth exemplary embodiment of a fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention. The nozzle body 2 of the fuel injection valve 1 which opens outwards in this exemplary embodiment is formed in one piece with the valve seat body 5. The second surface 40 is arranged on the outside of the valve closing body 4. The Valve closing body 4 delimits the spray opening 7 with the valve seat body 5, the spray opening 7 expanding conically downstream of the sealing seat and the spray opening 7 taking on the shape of a circumferential annular gap in the open state.
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt. Die Merkmale der Ausführungsbeispiele können in beliebiger Weise miteinander kombiniert werden. The invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments shown. The features of the exemplary embodiments can be combined with one another in any manner.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Brennstoffeinspritzventil (1), insbesondere zum direkten Einspritzen von Brennstoff in einen Brennraum, mit einem Aktor, einem von dem Aktor betätigbaren Ventilschließkörper (4) , der mit einer Ventilsitzfläche (6) zu einem Dichtsitz zusammenwirkt, und zumindest einer Abspritzöffnung (7) , die an einer Austrittsstelle (46) ausmündet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Austrittsstelle (46) der Abspritzöffnung (7) relativ zu allen Seiten der sie unmittelbar umgebenden Oberfläche, aus der sie ausmündet, hervorsteht.1. Fuel injection valve (1), in particular for injecting fuel directly into a combustion chamber, with an actuator, a valve closing body (4) which can be actuated by the actuator and which cooperates with a valve seat surface (6) to form a sealing seat, and at least one spray opening (7) which opens out at an exit point (46), characterized in that the exit point (46) of the spray opening (7) projects relative to all sides of the surface immediately surrounding it, from which it opens out.
2. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abspritzöffnung (7) im Bereich des Übergangs einer ersten Fläche (39) in eine zweite Fläche (40) ausmündet, wobei die beiden Flächen (39, 40) mit einem Außenwinkel (41) zueinander angeordnet sind, der größer ist als 180°.2. Fuel injection valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the spray opening (7) in the region of the transition from a first surface (39) opens into a second surface (40), the two surfaces (39, 40) having an outside angle (41) are arranged to each other, which is greater than 180 °.
3. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Abspritzöffnung (7) konisch nach außen erweitert. 3. Fuel injection valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the spray opening (7) widens conically outwards.
4. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach einem der vorangegangen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Abspritzöffnung (7) stufenförmig durch zumindest eine Stufe (42) nach außen erweitert und dabei zumindest einen innen liegenden ersten Abschnitt (44) und einen außen liegenden zweiten Abschnitt (45) aufweist.4. Fuel injection valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spray opening (7) extends in steps by at least one step (42) to the outside and at least one inside first section (44) and one outside second section (45) having.
5. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erste Abschnitt (44) zumindest teilweise durch den zweiten Abschnitt (45) gegenüber dem Brennraum bzw. der sich im Brennraum ausbreitenden Flammenfront verdeckt ist.5. Fuel injection valve according to claim 4, characterized in that the first section (44) is at least partially covered by the second section (45) with respect to the combustion chamber or the flame front spreading in the combustion chamber.
6. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Abschnitte (44, 45) koaxial zueinander angeordnet sind.6. Fuel injection valve according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the two sections (44, 45) are arranged coaxially to one another.
7. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stufe (42) durch eine zwischen den beiden Flächen (39, 40) umlaufende Nut (43) gebildet ist.7. Fuel injection valve according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the step (42) by a between the two surfaces (39, 40) circumferential groove (43) is formed.
8. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine der Flächen (39, 40) am Ventilschließkörper (4) angeordnet ist. 8. Fuel injection valve according to claim 2, characterized in that one of the surfaces (39, 40) is arranged on the valve closing body (4).
EP04817563A 2003-12-29 2004-11-19 Fuel injection valve Expired - Fee Related EP1702156B1 (en)

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DE2003161762 DE10361762A1 (en) 2003-12-29 2003-12-29 Fuel injector
PCT/EP2004/053024 WO2005064150A1 (en) 2003-12-29 2004-11-19 Fuel injection valve

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DE10361762A1 (en) 2005-07-28
WO2005064150A1 (en) 2005-07-14

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