EP1598550B1 - Fuel injector - Google Patents

Fuel injector Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1598550B1
EP1598550B1 EP20050101367 EP05101367A EP1598550B1 EP 1598550 B1 EP1598550 B1 EP 1598550B1 EP 20050101367 EP20050101367 EP 20050101367 EP 05101367 A EP05101367 A EP 05101367A EP 1598550 B1 EP1598550 B1 EP 1598550B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
fuel
fuel injection
injection valve
issue
Prior art date
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Not-in-force
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EP20050101367
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1598550A1 (en
Inventor
Heinz Lauterbach
Christian Heinen
Uwe Iben
Klaus Reymann
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP1598550A1 publication Critical patent/EP1598550A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0685—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature and the valve being allowed to move relatively to each other or not being attached to each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1873—Valve seats or member ends having circumferential grooves or ridges, e.g. toroidal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/30—Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped
    • F02M2200/306—Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped using mechanical means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection valve according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a fuel injection valve with a valve needle is from the DE 41 42 430 A1 a fuel injection valve with a valve needle, a trained on the discharge end of the valve needle valve closing body and a valve seat body known.
  • spray openings are formed in the valve seat body.
  • a fuel channel is formed when the fuel injection valve is open, which branches off via junctions into a plurality of injection openings.
  • the spray openings open with sharp edges in the fuel channel.
  • a fuel injection valve with an electromagnetic actuator which further comprises a valve needle operatively connected to the actuator, which spray-discharge side has a valve closing body which cooperates with a valve seat surface to form a sealing seat.
  • a valve seat body In a valve seat body, an inclined injection opening is provided downstream of the valve seat surface.
  • a fuel supply from which the injection opening begins with a junction, wherein in the region of the junction at least one deflecting element, which has a deflection, is arranged on the valve closing body, through which the fuel flowing through the fuel in the direction of the junction is diverted.
  • the deflection surface may be curved rounded, so that the fuel is supplied curved to the spray orifice.
  • the junction of the injection opening is sharp-edged.
  • the downstream end of the valve closing body and thus the entire valve needle is not formed uniformly over the circumference. Rather, the cone portion of the valve closing body is provided on one side only with the deflection in the form of a flat.
  • the flattening is located approximately on the side of the valve closing body to which the injection opening is inclined.
  • the valve needle with its flattened flattening or bulge is rotationally assigned to the injection opening. The assignment is such that the swirling flow which reaches the ejection opening in its direction of inclination is hindered by a relatively narrow gap between the conical section and the valve seat surface.
  • the swirling flow which reaches the ejection opening counter to its direction of inclination, flows through a wider gap between the conical section and the valve seat surface due to the flattening or bulge and thus ensures a desired compensation of the otherwise uneven distribution in the sprayed hollow cone spray resulting from the inclination of the outlet opening. In this way, a compensation of the resulting in a desired inclination of a spray discharge uneven distribution of fuel sprayed in the spray toward a uniform distribution of an obliquely sprayed spray is achieved.
  • a disadvantage of the fuel injection valves known from the above publications is in particular that comes through the sharp-edged junctions from the fuel channel to the spray orifices it comes to a very sudden and strong flow deflection, which leads to undesirable flow effects.
  • the fuel injection valve according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that flow instabilities are reduced in the discharge-side region of the fuel injection valve and the Kavitations is improved.
  • the reduced cavitation slope of the guided fuel increases the life and reliability of the fuel injector.
  • fluctuations in the homogeneity, flow, and penetration and propagation behavior of the fuel spray are also reduced.
  • the fuel spray is distributed more uniformly in the combustion chamber and pollutant emissions are reduced.
  • pressure fluctuations are avoided on the valve needle and thus improves the dynamic behavior of the fuel injection valve, which so-called. Bag jars are avoided at the outlet of the spray openings.
  • the deflection of the deflection is curved rounded and the fuel is deflected curvilinear thereto. This makes it possible to further reduce the flow instabilities and the cavitation tendency of the fuel.
  • valve seat body is rounded on the inflow side in the region of the junction to the mouth towards curved. Cavitation and flow instabilities can be reduced further. This is also promoted by a sharp tear-off edge at the downstream end of the deflection on the valve closing body.
  • the deflecting element on the valve closing body when the deflecting element comprises the valve closing body in an annular manner. This makes it possible to build the fuel injection valve particularly simple.
  • the fuel can thus be deflected particularly low in cavitation and flow stable.
  • the sealing element lies at the level of the imaginary extension of the longitudinal axis of the inflow-side end of the injection opening when the sealing seat is open, that is to say when the fuel injection valve is open, then the fuel can be deflected into the injection opening with particularly low cavitation and flow stability.
  • stall edge is at the level of the imaginary extension of the longitudinal axis of the inflow-side end of the ejection opening when the seal seat is open, flow instabilities and cavitation tendency of the fuel are further reduced.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 Before a preferred exemplary embodiment according to the invention is described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, a generic fuel injection valve will be briefly explained with respect to its essential components for a better understanding of the invention, with reference to FIG.
  • a generic fuel injection valve 1 shown in FIG. 1 is in the form of a fuel injection valve 1 for fuel injection systems executed by mixture-compressing, spark-ignited internal combustion engines.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is suitable in particular for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 consists of a nozzle body 2, in which a valve needle 3 is arranged.
  • the valve needle 3 has the discharge side a valve closing body 4 which cooperates with a arranged on a valve seat body 5 valve seat surface 6 to a sealing seat.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 in the exemplary embodiment is an inwardly opening fuel injection valve 1 which has an injection opening 7.
  • the nozzle body 2 is sealed by a seal 8 against an outer pole 9 of a magnetic coil 10.
  • the magnetic coil 10 is encapsulated in a coil housing 11 and wound on a bobbin 12, which rests against an inner pole 13 of the magnetic coil 10.
  • the inner pole 13 and the outer pole 9 are separated by a distance 26 and connected to each other by a non-ferromagnetic connecting member 29.
  • the magnetic coil 10 is energized via an electrical line 19 from a via an electrical plug contact 17 can be supplied electric current.
  • the plug contact 17 is surrounded by a plastic casing 18, which may be molded on the inner pole 13.
  • valve needle 3 is guided in a valve needle guide 14, which is designed disk-shaped.
  • armature 20 On the other side of the shim 15 is the armature 20. This is connected via a first flange 21 with the valve needle 3 in connection, which is connected by a weld 22 with the first flange 21.
  • a helical return spring 23 On the first flange 21, a helical return spring 23 is supported, which in the present design of the Fuel injection valve 1 is brought by a sleeve 24 to bias.
  • valve needle guide 14 in the armature 20 and on a guide element 36 extend fuel channels 30, 31 and 32.
  • the fuel is supplied via a central fuel supply 16 and filtered by a filter element 25.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is sealed by a sealing ring 28 against a fuel distributor line, not shown, and by a seal 37 against a cylinder head not shown.
  • annular damping element 33 On the discharge side of the armature 20, an annular damping element 33, which consists of an elastomer material, arranged. It rests on a second flange 34, which is materially connected to the valve needle 3 via a weld seam 35.
  • the armature 20 In the idle state of the fuel injection valve 1, the armature 20 is acted upon by the return spring 23 against its stroke direction so that the valve closing body 4 is held on the valve seat surface 6 in sealing engagement. Upon energization of the solenoid coil 10, this builds up a magnetic field, which moves the armature 20 against the spring force of the return spring 23 in the stroke direction, wherein the stroke is determined by a located in the rest position between the inner pole 12 and the armature 20 working gap 27.
  • the armature 20 takes the first flange 21, which is welded to the valve needle 3, also in the stroke direction with.
  • the standing with the valve needle 3 in connection valve closing body 4 lifts from the valve seat surface 6, and the pressurized supplied fuel is sprayed through the injection opening 7 in the combustion chamber, not shown.
  • the armature 20 drops after sufficient degradation of the magnetic field by the pressure of the return spring 23 from the inner pole 13, whereby the standing with the valve needle 3 in connection first flange 21st moved against the stroke direction.
  • the valve needle 3 is thereby moved in the same direction, whereby the valve closing body 4 touches on the valve seat surface 6 and the fuel injection valve 1 is closed.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic section through the exemplary embodiment of a fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention in the region of the sealing seat when the fuel injection valve 1 is open, the valve closing body 4 being lifted off the valve seat surface 6.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 opens inward.
  • Between the valve closing body 4 and the valve seat body 5 thereby opens a trained as an annular channel fuel supply 38 which extends around the valve closing body 4 around and increases when opening the sealing seat.
  • the fuel supply 38 supplies fuel to the illustrated spray-discharge opening 7, it being possible in other embodiments for a plurality of spray-discharge openings 7 to supply fuel in this manner.
  • the approximately at right angles from the fuel supply 38 branching spray opening 7 has a junction 39 to the fuel supply 38 towards.
  • the ejection opening 7 can also branch off from the fuel feed 38 at an angle which is greater than 90 °.
  • the fuel supply 38 leads in the further course past the junction 39 and is downstream, for example, with other spray openings 7 or junctions 39 in connection.
  • a deflecting element 40 is arranged on the valve closing body 4.
  • the deflecting element 40 is formed in one piece with the valve closing body 4 and, in this exemplary embodiment, rotates the valve closing body 4 continuously.
  • the deflecting element 40 has the shape of a nose 41 in cross section.
  • the deflecting element 40 or the nose 41 has a curved rounded deflection surface 42, the imaginary downstream tangential extension is directed to the junction 39, advantageously with the valve open on the lower, discharge side edge of the junction 39.
  • the deflection 42 describes a curve, which at least partially deflects the fuel from the direction of the fuel supply 38 in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the inflow-side part of the injection opening 7.
  • the deflection element 40 has a sharply formed flow-off edge 43 arranged at the downstream end of the deflection surface 42.
  • Both the flow separation edge 43 and the deflection element 40 itself lie at the level of the imaginary extension of the longitudinal axis of the inflow-side end of the injection opening 7 when the fuel injection valve 1 is open.
  • annular groove-like recess 44 is arranged in the valve seat body 5.
  • FIG 3 shows a schematic section through the exemplary embodiment of the fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention in the region of the sealing seat with the fuel injection valve 1 closed, the valve closing body 4 sealingly resting on the valve seat surface 6.
  • the deflection element 40 formed as a nose 41 in cross section engages in the recess 44 arranged downstream of the junction 39 in the fuel feed 38.
  • the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments and, for example, also for fuel injection valves of self-igniting internal combustion engines or outward opening fuel injectors used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs.The invention relates to a fuel injection valve according to the preamble of the main claim.

Beispielsweise ist aus der DE 41 42 430 A1 ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit einer Ventilnadel, einem am abspritzseitigen Ende der Ventilnadel ausgebildeten Ventilschließkörper und einem Ventilsitzkörper bekannt. Im Ventilsitzkörper sind Abspritzöffnungen ausgebildet. Zwischen dem Ventilschließkörper und dem Ventilsitzkörper ist bei geöffnetem Brennstoffeinspritzventil ein Brennstoffkanal ausgebildet, der über Einmündungen in mehrere Abspritzöffnungen abzweigt. Die Abspritzöffnungen münden scharfkantig in den Brennstoffkanal.For example, is from the DE 41 42 430 A1 a fuel injection valve with a valve needle, a trained on the discharge end of the valve needle valve closing body and a valve seat body known. In the valve seat body spray openings are formed. Between the valve closing body and the valve seat body, a fuel channel is formed when the fuel injection valve is open, which branches off via junctions into a plurality of injection openings. The spray openings open with sharp edges in the fuel channel.

Aus der US 6,382,533 B1 ist bereits ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit einem elektromagnetischen Aktor bekannt, das weiterhin eine mit dem Aktor in Wirkverbindung stehende Ventilnadel, welche abspritzseitig einen Ventilschließkörper aufweist, der mit einer Ventilsitzfläche zu einem Dichtsitz zusammenwirkt, umfasst. In einem Ventilsitzkörper ist stromabwärts der Ventilsitzfläche eine geneigte Abspritzöffnung vorgesehen. Zwischen dem Ventilschließkörper und dem Ventilsitzkörper verläuft eine Brennstoffzuführung, aus der die Abspritzöffnung mit einer Einmündung beginnt, wobei im Bereich der Einmündung zumindest ein Umlenkelement, das eine Umlenkfläche aufweist, am Ventilschließkörper angeordnet ist, durch das der durch die Brennstoffzuführung strömende Brennstoff in Richtung der Einmündung umgelenkt wird. Die Umlenkfläche kann dabei kurvenförmig abgerundet sein, so dass der Brennstoff kurvenförmig der Abspritzöffnung zugeleitet wird. Die Einmündung der Abspritzöffnung ist jedoch scharfkantig ausgebildet. Das stromabwärtige Ende des Ventilschließkörpers und damit der gesamten Ventilnadel ist über den Umfang nicht gleichmäßig ausgebildet. Vielmehr ist der Kegelabschnitt des Ventilschließkörpers nur einseitig mit der Umlenkfläche in Form einer Abflachung versehen. Die Abflachung befindet sich dabei ungefähr auf der Seite des Ventilschließkörpers, zu der die Abspritzöffnung hin geneigt ist. Die Ventilnadel ist mit ihrer angeschliffenen Abflachung bzw. Auswölbung drehlagenmäßig der Abspritzöffnung fest zugeordnet. Die Zuordnung ist dabei so, dass die drallbehaftete Strömung, die die Abspritzöffnung in ihrer Neigungsrichtung erreicht, durch einen relativ engen Spalt zwischen dem Kegelabschnitt und der Ventilsitzfläche behindert wird. Die drallbehaftete Strömung, die die Abspritzöffnung entgegen ihrer Neigungsrichtung erreicht, fließt aufgrund der Abflachung bzw. Auswölbung durch einen breiteren Spalt zwischen dem Kegelabschnitt und der Ventilsitzfläche hindurch und sorgt so für einen gewünschten Ausgleich der ansonsten durch die Neigung der Austrittsöffnung entstehenden Ungleichverteilung im abgespritzten Hohlkegelspray. Auf diese Art und Weise wird eine Kompensation der bei einer gewünschten Schrägstellung einer Abspritzöffnung entstehenden Ungleichverteilung von Brennstoff im abzuspritzenden Spray hin zu einer Gleichverteilung eines schräg abgespritzten Sprays erreicht.From the US Pat. No. 6,382,533 B1 a fuel injection valve with an electromagnetic actuator is already known, which further comprises a valve needle operatively connected to the actuator, which spray-discharge side has a valve closing body which cooperates with a valve seat surface to form a sealing seat. In a valve seat body, an inclined injection opening is provided downstream of the valve seat surface. Between the valve closing body and the valve seat body extends a fuel supply, from which the injection opening begins with a junction, wherein in the region of the junction at least one deflecting element, which has a deflection, is arranged on the valve closing body, through which the fuel flowing through the fuel in the direction of the junction is diverted. The deflection surface may be curved rounded, so that the fuel is supplied curved to the spray orifice. However, the junction of the injection opening is sharp-edged. The downstream end of the valve closing body and thus the entire valve needle is not formed uniformly over the circumference. Rather, the cone portion of the valve closing body is provided on one side only with the deflection in the form of a flat. The flattening is located approximately on the side of the valve closing body to which the injection opening is inclined. The valve needle with its flattened flattening or bulge is rotationally assigned to the injection opening. The assignment is such that the swirling flow which reaches the ejection opening in its direction of inclination is hindered by a relatively narrow gap between the conical section and the valve seat surface. The swirling flow, which reaches the ejection opening counter to its direction of inclination, flows through a wider gap between the conical section and the valve seat surface due to the flattening or bulge and thus ensures a desired compensation of the otherwise uneven distribution in the sprayed hollow cone spray resulting from the inclination of the outlet opening. In this way, a compensation of the resulting in a desired inclination of a spray discharge uneven distribution of fuel sprayed in the spray toward a uniform distribution of an obliquely sprayed spray is achieved.

Nachteilig bei den aus den obengenannten Druckschriften bekannten Brennstoffeinspritzventilenist insbesondere, daß durch die scharfkantigen Einmündungen vom Brennstoffkanal zu den Abspritzöffnungen es zu einer sehr plötzlichen und starken Strömungsumlenkung kommt, die zu unerwünschten Strömungseffekten führt. Insbesondere kommt es zu Strömungsinstabilitäten und kavitierenden Wirbeln, die zu Kavitationsschäden führen und das Eindring- und Ausbreitungsverhalten des Brennstoffsprays nachhaltig unvorteilhaft und nicht vorhersehbar verändern.A disadvantage of the fuel injection valves known from the above publications is in particular that comes through the sharp-edged junctions from the fuel channel to the spray orifices it comes to a very sudden and strong flow deflection, which leads to undesirable flow effects. In particular, there are flow instabilities and cavitating vertebrae, which lead to cavitation damage and the penetration and Propagation behavior of the fuel spray sustainably unfavorable and unpredictable change.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß Strömungsinstabilitäten im abspritzseitigen Bereich des Brennstoffeinspritzventils reduziert werden und das Kavitationsverhalten verbessert wird. Durch die verminderte Kavitationsneigung des geführten Brennstoffs ist die Lebensdauer und Zuverlässigkeit des Brennstoffeinspritzventils erhöht. Durch die gleichzeitige Verringerung der Strömungsinstabilitäten werden zudem Schwankungen in der Homogenität, des Durchflusses und des Eindring- und Ausbreitungsverhaltens des Brennstoffsprays vermindert. Das Brennstoffspray wird im Brennraum insgesamt gleichmäßiger verteilt und Schadstoffemissionen werden reduziert. Außerdem werden Druckschwankungen auf die Ventilnadel vermieden und somit das dynamische Verhalten des Brennstoffeinspritzventils verbessert, womit sog. Tütenstrahlen am Austritt der Abspritzöffnungen vermieden werden.The fuel injection valve according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that flow instabilities are reduced in the discharge-side region of the fuel injection valve and the Kavitationsverhalten is improved. The reduced cavitation slope of the guided fuel increases the life and reliability of the fuel injector. By simultaneously reducing the flow instabilities, fluctuations in the homogeneity, flow, and penetration and propagation behavior of the fuel spray are also reduced. The fuel spray is distributed more uniformly in the combustion chamber and pollutant emissions are reduced. In addition, pressure fluctuations are avoided on the valve needle and thus improves the dynamic behavior of the fuel injection valve, which so-called. Bag jars are avoided at the outlet of the spray openings.

Vorteilhafterweise ist die Umlenkfläche des Umlenkelements kurvenförmig abgerundet und der Brennstoff wird daran kurvenförmig umgelenkt. Dadurch ist es möglich, die Strömungsinstabilitäten und die Kavitationsneigung des Brennstoffes weiter zu vermindern.Advantageously, the deflection of the deflection is curved rounded and the fuel is deflected curvilinear thereto. This makes it possible to further reduce the flow instabilities and the cavitation tendency of the fuel.

Vorteilhafterweise ist der Ventilsitzkörper zuströmseitig im Bereich der Einmündung zur Einmündung hin kurvenförmig abgerundet. Kavitationsneigung und Strömungsinstabilitäten lassen sich dadurch weiter vermindern. Dies wird durch eine scharfe Abrisskante am abströmseitigen Ende der Umlenkfläche am Ventilschließkörper ebenfalls begünstigt.Advantageously, the valve seat body is rounded on the inflow side in the region of the junction to the mouth towards curved. Cavitation and flow instabilities can be reduced further. This is also promoted by a sharp tear-off edge at the downstream end of the deflection on the valve closing body.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Brennstoffeinspritzventils möglich.The measures listed in the dependent claims advantageous refinements of the fuel injection valve specified in the main claim are possible.

Von Vorteil ist es außerdem, das abströmseitige Ende der Umlenkfläche so auszurichten, daß bei geöffnetem Dichtsitz die gedachte Verlängerung der Umlenkfläche auf die Einmündung gerichtet ist. Dadurch ist es möglich, die Strömungsinstabilitäten und die Kavitationsneigung des Brennstoffes weiter zu vermindern.It is also advantageous to align the downstream end of the deflection so that when the sealing seat is open, the imaginary extension of the deflection is directed to the junction. This makes it possible for the To further reduce flow instabilities and the cavitation tendency of the fuel.

Außerdem ist es vorteilhaft, das Umlenkelement am Ventilschließkörper anzuordnen, wenn das Umlenkelement den Ventilschließkörper ringförmig umfaßt. Dadurch ist es möglich, das Brennstoffeinspritzventil besonders einfach aufzubauen.Moreover, it is advantageous to arrange the deflecting element on the valve closing body when the deflecting element comprises the valve closing body in an annular manner. This makes it possible to build the fuel injection valve particularly simple.

Im Weiteren ist es von Vorteil, das Umlenkelement in der Form einer Nase auszuführen. Der Brennstoff kann dadurch besonders kavitationsarm und strömungsstabil umgelenkt werden.Furthermore, it is advantageous to carry out the deflection in the form of a nose. The fuel can thus be deflected particularly low in cavitation and flow stable.

Liegt bei geöffnetem Dichtsitz, also bei geöffnetem Brennstoffeinspritzventil, das Umlenkelement auf Höhe der gedachten Verlängerung der Längsachse des zuströmseitigen Endes der Abspritzöffnung, so kann der Brennstoff besonders kavitationsarm und strömungsstabil in die Abspritzöffnung umgelenkt werden.If the sealing element lies at the level of the imaginary extension of the longitudinal axis of the inflow-side end of the injection opening when the sealing seat is open, that is to say when the fuel injection valve is open, then the fuel can be deflected into the injection opening with particularly low cavitation and flow stability.

Liegt die Strömungsabrisskante bei geöffnetem Dichtsitz auf Höhe der gedachten Verlängerung der Längsachse des zuströmseitigen Endes der Abspritzöffnung, so werden Strömungsinstabilitäten und Kavitationsneigung des Brennstoffes weiter vermindert.If the stall edge is at the level of the imaginary extension of the longitudinal axis of the inflow-side end of the ejection opening when the seal seat is open, flow instabilities and cavitation tendency of the fuel are further reduced.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen schematischen Schnitt durch ein gattungsgemäß ausgestaltetes Brennstoffeinspritzventil,
Fig. 2
einen schematischen Schnitt durch das Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils im Bereich des Dichtsitzes bei geöffnetem Brennstoffeinspritzventil und
Fig. 3
einen schematischen Schnitt durch das Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils im Bereich des Dichtsitzes bei geschlossenem Brennstoffeinspritzventil.
An embodiment of the invention is shown in simplified form in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematic section through a generically designed fuel injection valve,
Fig. 2
a schematic section through the embodiment of a fuel injection valve according to the invention in the region of the sealing seat with the fuel injection valve and
Fig. 3
a schematic section through the embodiment of a fuel injection valve according to the invention in the region of the sealing seat with the fuel injection valve closed.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

Nachfolgend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung beispielhaft beschrieben. Übereinstimmende Bauteile sind dabei mit übereinstimmenden Bezugszeichen versehen.Hereinafter, an embodiment of the invention will be described by way of example. Matching components are provided with matching reference numerals.

Bevor anhand der Figuren 2 und 3 ein bevorzugtes erfindungsgemäßes Ausführungsbeispiel näher beschrieben wird, soll zum besseren Verständnis der Erfindung zunächst anhand von Fig. 1 ein gattungsgemäßes Brennstoffeinspritzventil bezüglich seiner wesentlichen Bauteile kurz erläutert werden.Before a preferred exemplary embodiment according to the invention is described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, a generic fuel injection valve will be briefly explained with respect to its essential components for a better understanding of the invention, with reference to FIG.

Ein in Fig. 1 dargestelltes gattungsgemäßes Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 ist in der Form eines Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von gemischverdichtenden, fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschinen ausgeführt. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 eignet sich insbesondere zum direkten Einspritzen von Brennstoff in einen nicht dargestellten Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine.A generic fuel injection valve 1 shown in FIG. 1 is in the form of a fuel injection valve 1 for fuel injection systems executed by mixture-compressing, spark-ignited internal combustion engines. The fuel injection valve 1 is suitable in particular for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine.

Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 besteht aus einem Düsenkörper 2, in welchem eine Ventilnadel 3 angeordnet ist. Die Ventilnadel 3 weist abspritzseitig einen Ventilschließkörper 4 auf, der mit einer auf einem Ventilsitzkörper 5 angeordneten Ventilsitzfläche 6 zu einem Dichtsitz zusammenwirkt. Bei dem Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 handelt es sich im Ausführungsbeispiel um ein nach innen öffnendes Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1, welches über eine Abspritzöffnung 7 verfügt.The fuel injection valve 1 consists of a nozzle body 2, in which a valve needle 3 is arranged. The valve needle 3 has the discharge side a valve closing body 4 which cooperates with a arranged on a valve seat body 5 valve seat surface 6 to a sealing seat. The fuel injection valve 1 in the exemplary embodiment is an inwardly opening fuel injection valve 1 which has an injection opening 7.

Der Düsenkörper 2 ist durch eine Dichtung 8 gegen einen Außenpol 9 einer Magnetspule 10 abgedichtet. Die Magnetspule 10 ist in einem Spulengehäuse 11 gekapselt und auf einen Spulenträger 12 gewickelt, welcher an einem Innenpol 13 der Magnetspule 10 anliegt. Der Innenpol 13 und der Außenpol 9 sind durch einen Abstand 26 voneinander getrennt und miteinander durch ein nicht ferromagnetisches Verbindungsbauteil 29 verbunden. Die Magnetspule 10 wird über eine elektrische Leitung 19 von einem über einen elektrischen Steckkontakt 17 zuführbaren elektrischen Strom erregt. Der Steckkontakt 17 ist von einer Kunststoffummantelung 18 umgeben, die am Innenpol 13 angespritzt sein kann.The nozzle body 2 is sealed by a seal 8 against an outer pole 9 of a magnetic coil 10. The magnetic coil 10 is encapsulated in a coil housing 11 and wound on a bobbin 12, which rests against an inner pole 13 of the magnetic coil 10. The inner pole 13 and the outer pole 9 are separated by a distance 26 and connected to each other by a non-ferromagnetic connecting member 29. The magnetic coil 10 is energized via an electrical line 19 from a via an electrical plug contact 17 can be supplied electric current. The plug contact 17 is surrounded by a plastic casing 18, which may be molded on the inner pole 13.

Die Ventilnadel 3 ist in einer Ventilnadelführung 14 geführt, welche scheibenförmig ausgeführt ist. Zur Hubeinstellung dient eine zugepaarte Einstellscheibe 15. An der anderen Seite der Einstellscheibe 15 befindet sich der Anker 20. Dieser steht über einen ersten Flansch 21 mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Verbindung, welche durch eine Schweißnaht 22 mit dem ersten Flansch 21 verbunden ist. Auf dem ersten Flansch 21 stützt sich eine spiralförmige Rückstellfeder 23 ab, welche in der vorliegenden Bauform des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 durch eine Hülse 24 auf Vorspannung gebracht wird.The valve needle 3 is guided in a valve needle guide 14, which is designed disk-shaped. On the other side of the shim 15 is the armature 20. This is connected via a first flange 21 with the valve needle 3 in connection, which is connected by a weld 22 with the first flange 21. On the first flange 21, a helical return spring 23 is supported, which in the present design of the Fuel injection valve 1 is brought by a sleeve 24 to bias.

In der Ventilnadelführung 14, im Anker 20 und an einem Führungselement 36 verlaufen Brennstoffkanäle 30, 31 und 32. Der Brennstoff wird über eine zentrale Brennstoffzufuhr 16 zugeführt und durch ein Filterelement 25 gefiltert. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 ist durch einen Dichtring 28 gegen eine nicht weiter dargestellte Brennstoffverteilerleitung und durch eine Dichtung 37 gegen einen nicht weiter dargestellten Zylinderkopf abgedichtet.In the valve needle guide 14, in the armature 20 and on a guide element 36 extend fuel channels 30, 31 and 32. The fuel is supplied via a central fuel supply 16 and filtered by a filter element 25. The fuel injection valve 1 is sealed by a sealing ring 28 against a fuel distributor line, not shown, and by a seal 37 against a cylinder head not shown.

An der abspritzseitigen Seite des Ankers 20 ist ein ringförmiges Dämpfungselement 33, welches aus einem Elastomerwerkstoff besteht, angeordnet. Es liegt auf einem zweiten Flansch 34 auf, welcher über eine Schweißnaht 35 stoffschlüssig mit der Ventilnadel 3 verbunden ist.On the discharge side of the armature 20, an annular damping element 33, which consists of an elastomer material, arranged. It rests on a second flange 34, which is materially connected to the valve needle 3 via a weld seam 35.

Im Ruhezustand des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 wird der Anker 20 von der Rückstellfeder 23 entgegen seiner Hubrichtung so beaufschlagt, daß der Ventilschließkörper 4 an der Ventilsitzfläche 6 in dichtender Anlage gehalten wird. Bei Erregung der Magnetspule 10 baut diese ein Magnetfeld auf, welches den Anker 20 entgegen der Federkraft der Rückstellfeder 23 in Hubrichtung bewegt, wobei der Hub durch einen in der Ruhestellung zwischen dem Innenpol 12 und dem Anker 20 befindlichen Arbeitsspalt 27 vorgegeben ist. Der Anker 20 nimmt den ersten Flansch 21, welcher mit der Ventilnadel 3 verschweißt ist, ebenfalls in Hubrichtung mit. Der mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Verbindung stehende Ventilschließkörper 4 hebt von der Ventilsitzfläche 6 ab, und der druckbehaftet zugeführte Brennstoff wird durch die Abspritzöffnung 7 in den nicht dargestellten Brennraum abgespritzt.In the idle state of the fuel injection valve 1, the armature 20 is acted upon by the return spring 23 against its stroke direction so that the valve closing body 4 is held on the valve seat surface 6 in sealing engagement. Upon energization of the solenoid coil 10, this builds up a magnetic field, which moves the armature 20 against the spring force of the return spring 23 in the stroke direction, wherein the stroke is determined by a located in the rest position between the inner pole 12 and the armature 20 working gap 27. The armature 20 takes the first flange 21, which is welded to the valve needle 3, also in the stroke direction with. The standing with the valve needle 3 in connection valve closing body 4 lifts from the valve seat surface 6, and the pressurized supplied fuel is sprayed through the injection opening 7 in the combustion chamber, not shown.

Wird der Spulenstrom abgeschaltet, fällt der Anker 20 nach genügendem Abbau des Magnetfeldes durch den Druck der Rückstellfeder 23 vom Innenpol 13 ab, wodurch sich der mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Verbindung stehende erste Flansch 21 entgegen der Hubrichtung bewegt. Die Ventilnadel 3 wird dadurch in die gleiche Richtung bewegt, wodurch der Ventilschließkörper 4 auf der Ventilsitzfläche 6 aufsetzt und das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 geschlossen wird.If the coil current is turned off, the armature 20 drops after sufficient degradation of the magnetic field by the pressure of the return spring 23 from the inner pole 13, whereby the standing with the valve needle 3 in connection first flange 21st moved against the stroke direction. The valve needle 3 is thereby moved in the same direction, whereby the valve closing body 4 touches on the valve seat surface 6 and the fuel injection valve 1 is closed.

Fig. 2 zeigt einen schematischen Schnitt durch das Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 im Bereich des Dichtsitzes bei geöffnetem Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1, wobei der Ventilschließkörper 4 von der Ventilsitzfläche 6 abgehoben ist. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 öffnet nach innen. Zwischen dem Ventilschließkörper 4 und dem Ventilsitzkörper 5 öffnet sich dadurch eine als Ringkanal ausgebildete Brennstoffzuführung 38, welche um den Ventilschließkörper 4 herum verläuft und sich beim Öffnen des Dichtsitzes vergrößert.2 shows a schematic section through the exemplary embodiment of a fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention in the region of the sealing seat when the fuel injection valve 1 is open, the valve closing body 4 being lifted off the valve seat surface 6. The fuel injection valve 1 opens inward. Between the valve closing body 4 and the valve seat body 5 thereby opens a trained as an annular channel fuel supply 38 which extends around the valve closing body 4 around and increases when opening the sealing seat.

Die Brennstoffzuführung 38 führt der abgebildeten Abspritzöffnung 7 Brennstoff zu, wobei in anderen Ausführungsbeispielen einer Vielzahl von Abspritzöffnungen 7 Brennstoff in dieser Art zugeführt werden kann. Die in etwa rechtwinklig von der Brennstoffzuführung 38 abzweigende Abspritzöffnung 7 weist eine Einmündung 39 zur Brennstoffzuführung 38 hin auf. Die Abspritzöffnung 7 kann in anderen Ausführungsbeispielen auch in einem Winkel, der größer ist als 90°, von der Brennstoffzuführung 38 abzweigen. Die Brennstoffzuführung 38 führt im weiteren Verlauf an der Einmündung 39 vorbei und steht abströmseitig beispielsweise mit anderen Abspritzöffnungen 7 oder Einmündungen 39 in Verbindung.The fuel supply 38 supplies fuel to the illustrated spray-discharge opening 7, it being possible in other embodiments for a plurality of spray-discharge openings 7 to supply fuel in this manner. The approximately at right angles from the fuel supply 38 branching spray opening 7 has a junction 39 to the fuel supply 38 towards. In other embodiments, the ejection opening 7 can also branch off from the fuel feed 38 at an angle which is greater than 90 °. The fuel supply 38 leads in the further course past the junction 39 and is downstream, for example, with other spray openings 7 or junctions 39 in connection.

Im Bereich der Einmündung 39 ist an dem Ventilschließkörper 4 ein Umlenkelement 40 angeordnet. Das Umlenkelement 40 ist einstückig mit dem Ventilschließkörper 4 ausgebildet und umläuft in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel den Ventilschließkörper 4 ununterbrochen. Das Umlenkelement 40 weist im Querschnitt die Form einer Nase 41 auf.In the region of the junction 39, a deflecting element 40 is arranged on the valve closing body 4. The deflecting element 40 is formed in one piece with the valve closing body 4 and, in this exemplary embodiment, rotates the valve closing body 4 continuously. The deflecting element 40 has the shape of a nose 41 in cross section.

Zuströmseitig weist das Umlenkelement 40 bzw. die Nase 41 eine kurvenförmig abgerundete Umlenkfläche 42 auf, deren gedachte abströmseitige tangentiale Verlängerung auf die Einmündung 39 gerichtet ist, vorteilhafterweise bei geöffnetem Ventil auf den unteren, abspritzseitigen Rand der Einmündung 39. Die Umlenkfläche 42 beschreibt eine Kurve, die den Brennstoff aus der Richtung der Brennstoffzuführung 38 in die Richtung der Längsachse des zuströmseitigen Teils der Abspritzöffnung 7 wenigstens teilweise umlenkt.On the inflow side, the deflecting element 40 or the nose 41 has a curved rounded deflection surface 42, the imaginary downstream tangential extension is directed to the junction 39, advantageously with the valve open on the lower, discharge side edge of the junction 39. The deflection 42 describes a curve, which at least partially deflects the fuel from the direction of the fuel supply 38 in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the inflow-side part of the injection opening 7.

Das Umlenkelement 40 weist in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel eine am abströmseitigen Ende der Umlenkfläche 42 angeordnete scharf ausgebildete Strömungsabrisskante 43 auf.In this exemplary embodiment, the deflection element 40 has a sharply formed flow-off edge 43 arranged at the downstream end of the deflection surface 42.

Sowohl die Strömungsabrisskante 43 als auch das Umlenkelement 40 selbst liegen auf Höhe der gedachten Verlängerung der Längsachse des zuströmseitigen Endes der Abspritzöffnung 7 bei geöffnetem Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1.Both the flow separation edge 43 and the deflection element 40 itself lie at the level of the imaginary extension of the longitudinal axis of the inflow-side end of the injection opening 7 when the fuel injection valve 1 is open.

Zuströmseitig ist der Ventilsitzkörper 5 im Bereich der Einmündung 39 kurvenförmig zur Einmündung 39 hin abgerundet. Dadurch kann die Brennstoffströmung in diesem Bereich über einen größeren Bereich laminar verlaufen und reisst nicht beim Übergang von der Brennstoffzuführung 38 in die Abspritzöffnung 7 ab.On the inflow side of the valve seat body 5 is rounded in the region of the junction 39 curve-shaped to the confluence 39 out. As a result, the fuel flow in this area can run in a laminar manner over a relatively large area and does not tear off during the transition from the fuel feed 38 into the ejection opening 7.

Abströmseitig der Einmündung 39 ist im Ventilsitzkörper 5 eine ringnutartige Ausnehmung 44 angeordnet.Downstream of the junction 39, an annular groove-like recess 44 is arranged in the valve seat body 5.

Fig. 3 zeigt einen schematischen Schnitt durch das Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 im Bereich des Dichtsitzes bei geschlossenem Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1, wobei der Ventilschließkörper 4 auf der Ventilsitzfläche 6 dichtend aufliegt. Das im Querschnitt als Nase 41 ausgebildete Umlenkelement 40 greift in die in der Brennstoffzuführung 38 abströmseitig der Einmündung 39 angeordnete Ausnehmung 44 ein.3 shows a schematic section through the exemplary embodiment of the fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention in the region of the sealing seat with the fuel injection valve 1 closed, the valve closing body 4 sealingly resting on the valve seat surface 6. The deflection element 40 formed as a nose 41 in cross section engages in the recess 44 arranged downstream of the junction 39 in the fuel feed 38.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt und beispielsweise auch für Brennstoffeinspritzventile von selbstzündenden Brennkraftmaschinen oder nach außen öffnende Brennstoffeinspritzventile verwendbar.The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments and, for example, also for fuel injection valves of self-igniting internal combustion engines or outward opening fuel injectors used.

Claims (8)

  1. Fuel injection valve (1) with an actuator, with a valve needle (3) which is operatively connected to the actuator and has on the injection side a valve-closing body (4) which cooperates with a valve-seat surface (6) to form a sealing seat, with at least one injection orifice (7) provided in a valve-seat body (5) and with a fuel supply (38) which runs between the valve-closing body (4) and the valve-seat body (5) and out of which the injection orifice (7) commences with an issue (39), there being arranged on the valve-closing body (4), in the region of the issue (39), at least one deflection element (40) which has a deflection surface (42) and by means of which the fuel flowing through the fuel supply (38) is deflected in the direction of the issue (39), and the deflection surface (42) being rounded in a curved manner and the fuel therefore being deflected in a curved manner, characterized in that the valve-seat body (5) is rounded on the inflow side, in the region of the issue (39), in a curved manner towards the issue (39).
  2. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the imaginary prolongation of the outflow-side end of the deflection surface (42) is directed onto the issue (39) when the sealing seat is open.
  3. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the at least one deflection element (40) runs annularly around the valve-closing body (4).
  4. Fuel injection valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the deflection element (40) has in cross section the form of a nose (41).
  5. Fuel injection valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, with the sealing seat open, the at least one deflection element (40) lies level with the imaginary prolongation of the longitudinal axis of the inflow-side end of the injection orifice (7).
  6. Fuel injection valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the deflection surface (42) has at the outflow-side end a sharp flow breakaway edge (43).
  7. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 6, characterized in that, with the sealing seat open, the flow breakaway edge (43) lies level with the imaginary prolongation of the longitudinal axis of the inflow-side end of the injection orifice (7).
  8. Fuel injection valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, with the sealing seat closed, the deflection element (40) engages, downstream of the issue (39), into a recess (44).
EP20050101367 2004-05-18 2005-02-23 Fuel injector Not-in-force EP1598550B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE200410024534 DE102004024534A1 (en) 2004-05-18 2004-05-18 Fuel injector
DE102004024534 2004-05-18

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EP1598550B1 true EP1598550B1 (en) 2007-08-22

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DE102005025135A1 (en) * 2005-06-01 2006-12-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines
DE102016215637A1 (en) 2016-08-19 2018-02-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh fuel Injector

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3810467A1 (en) * 1988-03-26 1989-10-12 Daimler Benz Ag Fuel injection valve for an air-compressing internal combustion engine with direct fuel injection
DE19907899A1 (en) * 1999-02-24 2000-08-31 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injector
DE10149277A1 (en) * 2001-10-05 2003-04-24 Siemens Ag Fuel injection valve, for an IC motor, has grooves at the conical tip of the valve needle matching the injection openings in the valve body

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EP1598550A1 (en) 2005-11-23

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