EP1312796B1 - Fuel injection valve - Google Patents

Fuel injection valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1312796B1
EP1312796B1 EP20020024775 EP02024775A EP1312796B1 EP 1312796 B1 EP1312796 B1 EP 1312796B1 EP 20020024775 EP20020024775 EP 20020024775 EP 02024775 A EP02024775 A EP 02024775A EP 1312796 B1 EP1312796 B1 EP 1312796B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel injection
valve
injection valve
fuel
flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20020024775
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1312796A3 (en
EP1312796A2 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Suchomel
Josef Pickel
Fridolin Zeck
Juergen Schubert
Friedrich Weis
Mattias Klinger
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/168—Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/1833—Discharge orifices having changing cross sections, e.g. being divergent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/50—Arrangements of springs for valves used in fuel injectors or fuel injection pumps
    • F02M2200/505—Adjusting spring tension by sliding spring seats
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/80—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly
    • F02M2200/8069—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly involving removal of material from the fuel apparatus, e.g. by punching, hydro-erosion or mechanical operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/165—Filtering elements specially adapted in fuel inlets to injector

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection valve according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a fuel injection system for a mixture-compression spark-ignition internal combustion engine which comprises a fuel injection valve which injects fuel into a combustion chamber formed by a piston / cylinder construction and is provided with a spark plug protruding into the combustion chamber.
  • the fuel injection valve is provided with at least one row of injection holes distributed over the circumference of the fuel injection valve. Through a targeted injection of fuel via the injection holes, a spray-guided combustion process is achieved by forming a mixture cloud with at least one jet.
  • the fuel injection valve according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that the course de cross-sectional contour line of the wall of the injection orifice between the inlet region and the Asuslauf Schl is parabolic, creating a streamlined continuous course between the inlet region and the injection orifice is achieved.
  • the coking tendency and the flow behavior are also advantageously influenced by an extended catchment radius, which is provided in the inlet region of the spray-discharge openings.
  • the ejection openings are advantageously produced by erosion or another suitable manufacturing method such as laser drilling and subsequently by means of hydroerosion or another post-processable fluid-flow machining process, whereby the wall of the injection orifices smoothed and the Kavitationsne Trent is reduced.
  • Fig. 1 shows in an excerpt sectional view of an embodiment of a fuel injection valve according to the invention 1.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is designed in the form of a fuel injection valve 1 for fuel injection systems of mixture-compression, spark-ignition internal combustion engines.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is suitable for direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber (not shown) of an internal combustion engine and for non-spark-ignited, spray-guided combustion processes (eg a diesel engine).
  • the fuel injection valve 1 consists of a nozzle body 2, in which a valve needle 3 is arranged.
  • the valve needle 3 is operatively connected to a valve closing body 4 which cooperates with a valve seat body 6 arranged on a valve seat body 5 to form a sealing seat.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 in the exemplary embodiment is an inwardly opening fuel injection valve 1, which has at least one injection opening 7.
  • the valve closing body 4 of the inventively designed fuel injection valve 1 has a nearly spherical shape. As a result, an offset-free, gimbal valve needle guide is achieved, which ensures an exact functioning of the fuel injection valve 1.
  • the valve seat body 5 of the fuel injection valve 1 is formed almost pot-shaped and contributes by its shape to the valve needle guide.
  • the valve seat body 5 is inserted into a spray-side recess 34 of the nozzle body 2 and connected by a weld 35 to the nozzle body 2.
  • the valve closing body 4 and the valve seat body 5 have a sealing function for the inflowing fuel with respect to the downstream injection opening 7.
  • the nozzle body 2 is sealed by a seal 8 against an outer pole 9 of a magnetic coil 10.
  • the magnetic coil 10 is encapsulated in a coil housing 11 and wound on a bobbin 12, which rests against an inner pole 13 of the magnetic coil 10.
  • the inner pole 13 and the outer pole 9 are separated by a gap 26 and are based on a connecting member 29 from.
  • the magnetic coil 10 is energized via a line 19 from a via an electrical plug contact 17 can be supplied with electric current.
  • the plug contact 17 is surrounded by a plastic casing 18, which may be molded on the inner pole 13.
  • valve needle 3 is guided in a valve needle guide 14, which is designed disk-shaped.
  • a valve needle guide 14 For stroke adjustment is a paired shim 15.
  • An the other side of the shim 15 is an anchor 20.
  • This is a non-positively connected via a first flange 21 with the valve needle 3 in connection, which is connected by a weld 22 with the first flange 21.
  • a return spring 23 On the first flange 21, a return spring 23 is supported, which is brought in the present design of the fuel injection valve 1 by a sleeve 24 to bias.
  • a second flange 31 is arranged, which serves as a lower anchor stop. He is connected via a weld 33 non-positively with the valve needle 3. Between the armature 20 and the second flange 31, an elastic intermediate ring 32 for damping armature bouncers when closing the fuel injection valve 1 is arranged.
  • valve needle guide 14 and the armature 20 run fuel channels 30a and 30b.
  • valve closing body 4 On the valve closing body 4 are polished 36, through which the fuel is passed to the sealing seat.
  • the fuel is supplied via a central fuel supply 16 and filtered by a filter element 25.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is sealed by a seal 28 against a distribution line, not shown.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 has on the valve seat body 5, which is arranged in a recess 34 of the nozzle body 2 and, for example, by means of a weld 35 connected thereto, in the flow direction tapered ejection openings 7, which are rounded in an inlet region 39.
  • the special shape of the ejection openings 7 reduces the coking tendency and thus prevents malfunctions of the fuel injection valve 1 due to clogging of the ejection openings 7 and an impermissible reduction in the fuel flow.
  • the positive influencing of the flow behavior results in a more effective mixture formation and subsequently lower emission values promoted.
  • An exemplary spray opening 7 of the fuel injection valve 1 with the inventive measures is in the Figs. 2, 3A and 3B shown in more detail and explained in the following description.
  • the first flange 21 is acted on the valve needle 3 by the return spring 23 counter to its stroke direction so that the valve closing body 4 is held on the valve seat 6 in sealing engagement.
  • the armature 20 rests on the intermediate ring 32, which is supported on the second flange 31.
  • this builds up a magnetic field, which moves the armature 20 against the spring force of the return spring 23 in the stroke direction.
  • the armature 20 takes the first flange 21, which is welded to the valve needle 3, and thus the valve needle 3 also in the stroke direction with.
  • the valve-closing body 4, which is in operative connection with the valve needle 3, lifts off from the valve seat surface 6, as a result of which the fuel is sprayed off at the spray-discharge openings 7.
  • the armature 20 drops after sufficient degradation of the magnetic field by the pressure of the return spring 23 on the first flange 21 from the inner pole 13, whereby the valve needle 3 moves against the stroke direction.
  • the valve closing body 4 is seated on the valve seat surface 6, and the fuel injection valve 1 is closed.
  • the armature 20 is seated on the anchor stop formed by the second flange 31.
  • Fig. 2 shows in a partial sectional view of the downstream part of the in Fig. 1 represented inventively designed fuel injector 1 in the area II in Fig. 1 , For clarity of presentation of the inventive measures another type of fuel injection valve 1 was selected. Matching components are provided in all figures with corresponding reference numerals.
  • the injection openings 7 formed in the valve seat body 5 are tapered in the flow direction of the fuel and rounded in an inlet region 39.
  • the inlet region 39 therefore has a larger diameter than a discharge region 42 formed downstream of the inlet region 39.
  • the cross-sectional contour line 43 of the wall between the inlet region 39 and the outlet region 42 extends parabolically, so that there are no edges in a wall 41 of the spray-discharge opening 7 or other deviations from a fluidically favorable, smooth shape.
  • they are arranged on a plurality of round or elliptical hole circles, which may be concentric or eccentric to each other, or on a plurality of parallel, obliquely or staggered straight or curved rows of holes.
  • the distance between the hole centers may be equidistant or different, but should be at least one hole diameter for manufacturing reasons.
  • the spatial orientation may be different for each hole axis, as in FIG Fig. 2 for two ejection openings 7 indicated. The preparation of the ejection openings 7 will be described below with reference to the FIGS. 3A and 3B explained.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B show in a partial sectional view of an inventively designed fuel injection valve 1 in the region of an exemplary spray opening 7 in two consecutive processing steps.
  • Fig. 3A shows an exemplary injection opening 7 of a inventively designed fuel injector 1 after a first processing step.
  • the injection opening 7 is produced, for example, by means of erosion or another suitable manufacturing process in a basic form.
  • the inlet region 39 of the ejection opening 7 is designed to be less favorable in terms of flow, which increases the tendency to cavitation and adversely affects the flow behavior. This requires post-processing.
  • Fig. 3B shows in the same representation as Fig. 3A the exemplary spray opening 7 after the second processing step.
  • Compared to the original shape of the inlet region 39 is reworked, so that the diameter of the injection opening 7 in the inlet region 39 is greater than in the outlet region 42. This results in a flow-shaped injection molding 7.
  • the cross-sectional contour line of the injection opening 7 between the inlet region 39 and the outlet region 42 extends parabolic.
  • the post-processing of the preformed ejection opening 7 is preferably carried out by means of hydroerosion or another flow-guided process, whereby the wall 41 of the ejection opening 7 is smoothed and thereby the Kavitationsne Trent is reduced.
  • the hydroerosion takes place by means of a viscous abrasive, which can be chosen so that the roughening of the wall 41 can be polished.
  • a catchment radius 40 is provided as a further flow-promoting measure, which is advantageous for avoiding flow separation in the injection opening 7.
  • the flow behavior and the mixture formation can be improved, whereby the emission values decrease. Since the diameter of the ejection openings 7 typically less than 200 microns is, the risk that the ejection openings 7 clogged by coking with time and thus the flow rate is unduly restricted, relatively large. Due to the tapering shape of the ejection openings 7, the flow rate of the fuel increases in the flow direction, whereby a separation of the flow in the ejection opening 7 is prevented. Due to the applied flow, the ejection openings 7 are protected from coking, so that they can not grow over by coking residues.
  • the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment and z. B. for arbitrarily arranged spray openings 7 and for any construction of inwardly opening multi-hole fuel injectors 1 applicable. Likewise, the invention is applicable to auto-ignition internal combustion engines (eg diesel engines).
  • auto-ignition internal combustion engines eg diesel engines.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach der Gattung des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a fuel injection valve according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aus der DE 198 04 463 A1 ist ein Brennstoffeinspritzsystem für eine gemischverdichtende, fremdgezündete Brennkraftmaschine bekannt, welches ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil umfaßt, das Brennstoff in einen von einer Kolben-/Zylinderkonstruktion gebildeten Brennraum einspritzt, und mit einer in den Brennraum ragenden Zündkerze versehen ist. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil ist mit mindestens einer Reihe über den Umfang des Brennstoffeinspritzventils verteilt angeordneten Einspritzlöchern versehen. Durch eine gezielte Einspritzung von Brennstoff über die Einspritzlöcher wird ein strahlgeführtes Brennverfahren durch Bildung einer Gemischwolke mit mindestens einem Strahl realisiert.From the DE 198 04 463 A1 A fuel injection system for a mixture-compression spark-ignition internal combustion engine is known which comprises a fuel injection valve which injects fuel into a combustion chamber formed by a piston / cylinder construction and is provided with a spark plug protruding into the combustion chamber. The fuel injection valve is provided with at least one row of injection holes distributed over the circumference of the fuel injection valve. Through a targeted injection of fuel via the injection holes, a spray-guided combustion process is achieved by forming a mixture cloud with at least one jet.

Nachteilig an dem aus der obengenannten Druckschrift bekannten Brennstoffeinspritzventil ist insbesondere die Verkokung der Abspritzöffnungen, welche dadurch verstopfen und den Durchfluß durch das Brennstoffeinspritzventil unzulässig stark vermindern. Dies führt zu Fehlfunktionen der Brennkraftmaschine sowie zu erhöhten Emissionswerten durch unzureichende Gemischbildung.A disadvantage of the fuel injection valve known from the above document, in particular, the coking of the ejection openings, which thereby clog and reduce the flow through the fuel injector unacceptably high. This leads to malfunctions the internal combustion engine and increased emissions by insufficient mixture formation.

Aus der US 5,992,766 A ist ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 bekannt.From the US 5,992,766 A a fuel injection valve having the features of the preamble of claim 1 is known.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß der Verlauf de Querschnittskonturlinie der Wandung der Abspritzöffnung zwischen dem Einlaufbereich und dem Asuslaufbereich parabelförmig ist, wodurch ein strömungsgünstiger kontinuierlicher Verlauf zwischen dem Einlaufbereich und der Abspritzöffnung erzielt wird.The fuel injection valve according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that the course de cross-sectional contour line of the wall of the injection orifice between the inlet region and the Asuslaufbereich is parabolic, creating a streamlined continuous course between the inlet region and the injection orifice is achieved.

Durch die in den abhängigen Ansprüchen, aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des im Anspruch 2 angegebenen Brennstoffeinspritzventils möglich.The measures listed in the dependent claims, advantageous developments of the fuel injection valve specified in claim 2 are possible.

Die Verkokungsneigung und das Strömungsverhalten werden auch durch einen erweiterten Einzugsradius, der im Einlaufbereich der Abspritzöffnungen vorgesehen ist, vorteilhaft beeinflußt.The coking tendency and the flow behavior are also advantageously influenced by an extended catchment radius, which is provided in the inlet region of the spray-discharge openings.

Die Abspritzöffnungen sind vorteilhafterweise mittels Erodierens oder eines anderen geeigneten Herstellungsverfahrens wie Laserbohren herstellbar und nachfolgend mittels Hydroerosion oder eines anderen strömungsgeführten Bearbeitungsprozesses nachbearbeitbar, wodurch die Wandung der Abspritzöffnungen geglättet und die Kavitationsneigung herabgesetzt wird.The ejection openings are advantageously produced by erosion or another suitable manufacturing method such as laser drilling and subsequently by means of hydroerosion or another post-processable fluid-flow machining process, whereby the wall of the injection orifices smoothed and the Kavitationsneigung is reduced.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen schematischen Schnitt durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Brennstoffeinspritzventils in einer Gesamtansicht,
Fig. 2
einen schematischen Ausschnitt aus dem erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Brennstoffeinspritzventil im Bereich II in Fig. 1 entsprechend einer anderen Ausführungsvariante, und
Fig. 3A-B
eine vergrößerte Ansicht einer beispielhaften Abspritzöffnung des in Fig. 2 dargestellten erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils in zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Bearbeitungsschritten.
An embodiment of the invention is shown in simplified form in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:
Fig. 1
FIG. 2 shows a schematic section through an exemplary embodiment of a fuel injection valve designed according to the invention in an overall view, FIG.
Fig. 2
a schematic section of the inventively designed fuel injection valve in the area II in Fig. 1 according to another embodiment, and
Fig. 3A-B
an enlarged view of an exemplary injection opening of the in Fig. 2 illustrated fuel injection valve according to the invention in two consecutive processing steps.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

Fig. 1 zeigt in einer auszugsweisen Schnittdarstellung ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 ist in der Form eines Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von gemischverdichtenden, fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschinen ausgeführt. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 eignet sich zum direkten Einspritzen von Brennstoff in einen nicht dargestellten Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine und für nicht fremdgezündete, strahlgeführte Brennverfahren (z. B. einen Dieselmotor). Fig. 1 shows in an excerpt sectional view of an embodiment of a fuel injection valve according to the invention 1. The fuel injection valve 1 is designed in the form of a fuel injection valve 1 for fuel injection systems of mixture-compression, spark-ignition internal combustion engines. The fuel injection valve 1 is suitable for direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber (not shown) of an internal combustion engine and for non-spark-ignited, spray-guided combustion processes (eg a diesel engine).

Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 besteht aus einem Düsenkörper 2, in welchem eine Ventilnadel 3 angeordnet ist.The fuel injection valve 1 consists of a nozzle body 2, in which a valve needle 3 is arranged.

Die Ventilnadel 3 steht mit einem Ventilschließkörper 4 in Wirkverbindung, der mit einer auf einem Ventilsitzkörper 5 angeordneten Ventilsitzfläche 6 zu einem Dichtsitz zusammenwirkt. Bei dem Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 handelt es sich im Ausführungsbeispiel um ein nach innen öffnendes Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1, welches über wenigstens eine Abspritzöffnung 7 verfügt.The valve needle 3 is operatively connected to a valve closing body 4 which cooperates with a valve seat body 6 arranged on a valve seat body 5 to form a sealing seat. The fuel injection valve 1 in the exemplary embodiment is an inwardly opening fuel injection valve 1, which has at least one injection opening 7.

Der Ventilschließkörper 4 des erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 weist eine nahezu kugelförmige Form auf. Dadurch wird eine versatzfreie, kardanische Ventilnadelführung erzielt, die für eine exakte Funktionsweise des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 sorgt.The valve closing body 4 of the inventively designed fuel injection valve 1 has a nearly spherical shape. As a result, an offset-free, gimbal valve needle guide is achieved, which ensures an exact functioning of the fuel injection valve 1.

Der Ventilsitzkörper 5 des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 ist nahezu topfförmig ausgebildet und trägt durch seine Form zur Ventilnadelführung bei. Der Ventilsitzkörper 5 ist dabei in eine abspritzseitige Ausnehmung 34 des Düsenkörpers 2 eingesetzt und mittels einer Schweißnaht 35 mit dem Düsenkörper 2 verbunden. Der Ventilschließkörper 4 und der Ventilsitzkörper 5 haben eine Dichtfunktion für den nachströmenden Brennstoff bezüglich der stromabwärts angeordneten Abspritzöffnung 7.The valve seat body 5 of the fuel injection valve 1 is formed almost pot-shaped and contributes by its shape to the valve needle guide. The valve seat body 5 is inserted into a spray-side recess 34 of the nozzle body 2 and connected by a weld 35 to the nozzle body 2. The valve closing body 4 and the valve seat body 5 have a sealing function for the inflowing fuel with respect to the downstream injection opening 7.

Der Düsenkörper 2 ist durch eine Dichtung 8 gegen einen Außenpol 9 einer Magnetspule 10 abgedichtet. Die Magnetspule 10 ist in einem Spulengehäuse 11 gekapselt und auf einen Spulenträger 12 gewickelt, welcher an einem Innenpol 13 der Magnetspule 10 anliegt. Der Innenpol 13 und der Außenpol 9 sind durch einen Spalt 26 voneinander getrennt und stützen sich auf einem Verbindungsbauteil 29 ab. Die Magnetspule 10 wird über eine Leitung 19 von einem über einen elektrischen Steckkontakt 17 zuführbaren elektrischen Strom erregt. Der Steckkontakt 17 ist von einer Kunststoffummantelung 18 umgeben, die am Innenpol 13 angespritzt sein kann.The nozzle body 2 is sealed by a seal 8 against an outer pole 9 of a magnetic coil 10. The magnetic coil 10 is encapsulated in a coil housing 11 and wound on a bobbin 12, which rests against an inner pole 13 of the magnetic coil 10. The inner pole 13 and the outer pole 9 are separated by a gap 26 and are based on a connecting member 29 from. The magnetic coil 10 is energized via a line 19 from a via an electrical plug contact 17 can be supplied with electric current. The plug contact 17 is surrounded by a plastic casing 18, which may be molded on the inner pole 13.

Die Ventilnadel 3 ist in einer Ventilnadelführung 14 geführt, welche scheibenförmig ausgeführt ist. Zur Hubeinstellung dient eine zugepaarte Einstellscheibe 15. An der anderen Seite der Einstellscheibe 15 befindet sich ein Anker 20. Dieser steht über einen ersten Flansch 21 kraftschlüssig mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Verbindung, welche durch eine Schweißnaht 22 mit dem ersten Flansch 21 verbunden ist. Auf dem ersten Flansch 21 stützt sich eine Rückstellfeder 23 ab, welche in der vorliegenden Bauform des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 durch eine Hülse 24 auf Vorspannung gebracht wird.The valve needle 3 is guided in a valve needle guide 14, which is designed disk-shaped. For stroke adjustment is a paired shim 15. An the other side of the shim 15 is an anchor 20. This is a non-positively connected via a first flange 21 with the valve needle 3 in connection, which is connected by a weld 22 with the first flange 21. On the first flange 21, a return spring 23 is supported, which is brought in the present design of the fuel injection valve 1 by a sleeve 24 to bias.

Abströmseitig des Ankers 20 ist ein zweiter Flansch 31 angeordnet, der als unterer Ankeranschlag dient. Er ist über eine Schweißnaht 33 kraftschlüssig mit der Ventilnadel 3 verbunden. Zwischen dem Anker 20 und dem zweiten Flansch 31 ist ein elastischer Zwischenring 32 zur Dämpfung von Ankerprellern beim Schließen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 angeordnet.Downstream of the armature 20, a second flange 31 is arranged, which serves as a lower anchor stop. He is connected via a weld 33 non-positively with the valve needle 3. Between the armature 20 and the second flange 31, an elastic intermediate ring 32 for damping armature bouncers when closing the fuel injection valve 1 is arranged.

In der Ventilnadelführung 14 und im Anker 20 verlaufen Brennstoffkanäle 30a und 30b. Am Ventilschließkörper 4 sind Anschliffe 36 ausgebildet, über die der Brennstoff zum Dichtsitz geleitet wird. Der Brennstoff wird über eine zentrale Brennstoffzufuhr 16 zugeführt und durch ein Filterelement 25 gefiltert. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 ist durch eine Dichtung 28 gegen eine nicht weiter dargestellte Verteilerleitung abgedichtet.In the valve needle guide 14 and the armature 20 run fuel channels 30a and 30b. On the valve closing body 4 are polished 36, through which the fuel is passed to the sealing seat. The fuel is supplied via a central fuel supply 16 and filtered by a filter element 25. The fuel injection valve 1 is sealed by a seal 28 against a distribution line, not shown.

Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 weist an dem Ventilsitzkörper 5, der in einer Ausnehmung 34 des Düsenkörpers 2 angeordnet und beispielsweise mittels einer Schweißnaht 35 mit diesem verbunden ist, in Strömungsrichtung verjüngte Abspritzöffnungen 7 auf, welche in einem Einlaufbereich 39 abgerundet sind. Die spezielle Form der Abspritzöffnungen 7 vermindert die Verkokungsneigung und beugt so Fehlfunktionen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 durch Verstopfen der Abspritzöffnungen 7 und einer unzulässigen Verringerung des Brennstoffdurchflusses vor. Zudem werden durch die positive Beeinflussung des Strömungsverhaltens eine effektivere Gemischbildung und nachfolgend geringere Emissionswerte gefördert. Eine beispielhafte Abspritzöffnung 7 des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 mit den erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen ist in den Fig. 2, 3A und 3B näher dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung erläutert.The fuel injection valve 1 has on the valve seat body 5, which is arranged in a recess 34 of the nozzle body 2 and, for example, by means of a weld 35 connected thereto, in the flow direction tapered ejection openings 7, which are rounded in an inlet region 39. The special shape of the ejection openings 7 reduces the coking tendency and thus prevents malfunctions of the fuel injection valve 1 due to clogging of the ejection openings 7 and an impermissible reduction in the fuel flow. In addition, the positive influencing of the flow behavior results in a more effective mixture formation and subsequently lower emission values promoted. An exemplary spray opening 7 of the fuel injection valve 1 with the inventive measures is in the Figs. 2, 3A and 3B shown in more detail and explained in the following description.

Im Ruhezustand des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 wird der erste Flansch 21 an der Ventilnadel 3 von der Rückstellfeder 23 entgegen seiner Hubrichtung so beaufschlagt, daß der Ventilschließkörper 4 am Ventilsitz 6 in dichtender Anlage gehalten wird. Der Anker 20 liegt auf dem Zwischenring 32 auf, der sich auf dem zweiten Flansch 31 abstützt. Bei Erregung der Magnetspule 10 baut diese ein Magnetfeld auf, welches den Anker 20 entgegen der Federkraft der Rückstellfeder 23 in Hubrichtung bewegt. Dabei nimmt der Anker 20 den ersten Flansch 21, welcher mit der Ventilnadel 3 verschweißt ist, und damit die Ventilnadel 3 ebenfalls in Hubrichtung mit. Der mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Wirkverbindung stehende Ventilschließkörper 4 hebt von der Ventilsitzfläche 6 ab, wodurch der Brennstoff an den Abspritzöffnungen 7 abgespritzt wird.In the idle state of the fuel injection valve 1, the first flange 21 is acted on the valve needle 3 by the return spring 23 counter to its stroke direction so that the valve closing body 4 is held on the valve seat 6 in sealing engagement. The armature 20 rests on the intermediate ring 32, which is supported on the second flange 31. Upon excitation of the magnetic coil 10, this builds up a magnetic field, which moves the armature 20 against the spring force of the return spring 23 in the stroke direction. In this case, the armature 20 takes the first flange 21, which is welded to the valve needle 3, and thus the valve needle 3 also in the stroke direction with. The valve-closing body 4, which is in operative connection with the valve needle 3, lifts off from the valve seat surface 6, as a result of which the fuel is sprayed off at the spray-discharge openings 7.

Wird der Spulenstrom abgeschaltet, fällt der Anker 20 nach genügendem Abbau des Magnetfeldes durch den Druck der Rückstellfeder 23 auf den ersten Flansch 21 vom Innenpol 13 ab, wodurch sich die Ventilnadel 3 entgegen der Hubrichtung bewegt. Dadurch setzt der Ventilschließkörper 4 auf der Ventilsitzfläche 6 auf, und das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 wird geschlossen. Der Anker 20 setzt auf dem durch den zweiten Flansch 31 gebildeten Ankeranschlag auf.If the coil current is turned off, the armature 20 drops after sufficient degradation of the magnetic field by the pressure of the return spring 23 on the first flange 21 from the inner pole 13, whereby the valve needle 3 moves against the stroke direction. As a result, the valve closing body 4 is seated on the valve seat surface 6, and the fuel injection valve 1 is closed. The armature 20 is seated on the anchor stop formed by the second flange 31.

Fig. 2 zeigt in einer auszugsweisen Schnittdarstellung den abströmseitigen Teil des in Fig. 1 dargestellten erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 im Bereich II in Fig. 1. Zur übersichtlicheren Darstellbarkeit der erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen wurde eine andere Bauart des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 gewählt. Übereinstimmende Bauteile sind in allen Figuren mit übereinstimmenden Bezugszeichen versehen. Fig. 2 shows in a partial sectional view of the downstream part of the in Fig. 1 represented inventively designed fuel injector 1 in the area II in Fig. 1 , For clarity of presentation of the inventive measures another type of fuel injection valve 1 was selected. Matching components are provided in all figures with corresponding reference numerals.

Wie bereits in Bezug auf Fig. 1 angesprochen, sind die in dem Ventilsitzkörper 5 ausgebildeten Abspritzöffnungen 7 in Strömungsrichtung des Brennstoffs verjüngt und in einem Einlaufbereich 39 abgerundet. Der Einlaufbereich 39 weist daher einen größeren Durchmesser auf als ein abströmseitig des Einlaufbereichs 39 ausgebildeter Auslaufbereich 42. Die Querschnittskonturlinie 43 der Wandung zwischen dem Einlaufbereich 39 und dem Auslaufbereich 42 verläuft, dabei erfindungsgemäß parabelförmig, so daß sich in einer Wandung 41 der Abspritzöffnung 7 keine Kanten oder andere Abweichungen von einer strömungstechnisch günstigen, glatten Form ergeben.As already in relation to Fig. 1 addressed, the injection openings 7 formed in the valve seat body 5 are tapered in the flow direction of the fuel and rounded in an inlet region 39. The inlet region 39 therefore has a larger diameter than a discharge region 42 formed downstream of the inlet region 39. The cross-sectional contour line 43 of the wall between the inlet region 39 and the outlet region 42 extends parabolically, so that there are no edges in a wall 41 of the spray-discharge opening 7 or other deviations from a fluidically favorable, smooth shape.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel handelt es sich um ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 mit mehreren Abspritzöffnungen 7, die an beliebigen Punkten des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 angebracht sein können. Vorzugsweise sind sie auf mehreren runden oder elliptischen Lochkreisen, die zueinander konzentrisch oder exzentrisch sein können, oder auf mehreren parallelen, schräg oder versetzt zueinander angeordneten geraden oder gebogenen Lochreihen angeordnet. Der Abstand zwischen den Lochmittelpunkten kann dabei äquidistant oder unterschiedlich sein, sollte jedoch aus fertigungstechnischen Gründen zumindest einen Lochdurchmesser betragen. Die räumliche Orientierung kann für jede Lochachse unterschiedlich sein, wie in Fig. 2 für zwei Abspritzöffnungen 7 angedeutet. Die Herstellung der Abspritzöffnungen 7 wird im Folgenden anhand der Fig. 3A und 3B erläutert.In the exemplary embodiment, it is a fuel injection valve 1 with a plurality of ejection openings 7, which can be attached to any points of the valve seat body 5. Preferably, they are arranged on a plurality of round or elliptical hole circles, which may be concentric or eccentric to each other, or on a plurality of parallel, obliquely or staggered straight or curved rows of holes. The distance between the hole centers may be equidistant or different, but should be at least one hole diameter for manufacturing reasons. The spatial orientation may be different for each hole axis, as in FIG Fig. 2 for two ejection openings 7 indicated. The preparation of the ejection openings 7 will be described below with reference to the FIGS. 3A and 3B explained.

Fig. 3A und 3B zeigen in einer auszugsweisen Schnittdarstellung ein erfindungsgemäß ausgestaltetes Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 im Bereich einer beispielhaften Abspritzöffnung 7 in zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Bearbeitungsschritten. FIGS. 3A and 3B show in a partial sectional view of an inventively designed fuel injection valve 1 in the region of an exemplary spray opening 7 in two consecutive processing steps.

Fig. 3A zeigt eine beispielhafte Abspritzöffnung 7 eines erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 nach einem ersten Bearbeitungsschritt. Die Abspritzöffnung 7 wird beispielsweise mittels Erodieren oder eines anderen geeigneten Herstellungsverfahrens in einer Grundform hergestellt. Fig. 3A shows an exemplary injection opening 7 of a inventively designed fuel injector 1 after a first processing step. The injection opening 7 is produced, for example, by means of erosion or another suitable manufacturing process in a basic form.

Da die Oberfläche der Abspritzöffnung 7 nach dem ersten Bearbeitungsschritt jedoch relativ rauh ist, ist der Einlaufbereich 39 der Abspritzöffnung 7 strömungsungünstig ausgebildet, was die Kavitationsneigung erhöht und das Strömungsverhalten ungünstig beeinflußt. Dadurch ist eine Nachbearbeitung erforderlich.However, since the surface of the ejection opening 7 is relatively rough after the first processing step, the inlet region 39 of the ejection opening 7 is designed to be less favorable in terms of flow, which increases the tendency to cavitation and adversely affects the flow behavior. This requires post-processing.

Fig. 3B zeigt in gleicher Darstellung wie Fig. 3A die beispielhafte Abspritzöffnung 7 nach dem zweiten Bearbeitungsschritt. Gegenüber der ursprünglichen Form ist der Einlaufbereich 39 nachbearbeitet, so daß der Durchmesser der Abspritzöffnung 7 im Einlaufbereich 39 größer ist als im Auslaufbereich 42. Dadurch ergibt sich eine strömungsgünstig geformte Abspritzöffnung 7. Die Querschnittskonturlinie der Abspritzöffnung 7 zwischen dem Einlaufbereich 39 und dem Auslaufbereich 42 verläuft parabelförmig. Fig. 3B shows in the same representation as Fig. 3A the exemplary spray opening 7 after the second processing step. Compared to the original shape of the inlet region 39 is reworked, so that the diameter of the injection opening 7 in the inlet region 39 is greater than in the outlet region 42. This results in a flow-shaped injection molding 7. The cross-sectional contour line of the injection opening 7 between the inlet region 39 and the outlet region 42 extends parabolic.

Die Nachbearbeitung der vorgeformten Abspritzöffnung 7 erfolgt vorzugsweise mittels Hydroerosion oder eines anderen strömungsgeführten Prozesses, wodurch die Wandung 41 der Abspritzöffnung 7 geglättet und dadurch die Kavitationsneigung verringert wird. Die Hydroerosion findet mittels eines viskosen Schleifmittels statt, welches so gewählt werden kann, daß die Aufrauhung der Wandung 41 poliert werden kann.The post-processing of the preformed ejection opening 7 is preferably carried out by means of hydroerosion or another flow-guided process, whereby the wall 41 of the ejection opening 7 is smoothed and thereby the Kavitationsneigung is reduced. The hydroerosion takes place by means of a viscous abrasive, which can be chosen so that the roughening of the wall 41 can be polished.

Im Einlaufbereich 39 der Abspritzöffnungen 7 ist als weitere strömungsbegünstigende Maßnahme ein Einzugsradius 40 vorgesehen, der für die Vermeidung einer Strömungsablösung in der Abspritzöffnung 7 vorteilhaft ist.In the inlet region 39 of the ejection openings 7, a catchment radius 40 is provided as a further flow-promoting measure, which is advantageous for avoiding flow separation in the injection opening 7.

Durch die besondere Form der Abspritzöffnungen 7 können das Strömungsverhalten und die Gemischbildung verbessert werden, wodurch die Emissionswerte sinken. Da der Durchmesser der Abspritzöffnungen 7 typischerweise weniger als 200 µm beträgt, ist die Gefahr, daß die Abspritzöffnungen 7 durch Verkokung mit der Zeit verstopfen und somit die Durchflußmenge unzulässig stark eingeschränkt wird, relativ groß. Durch die sich verjüngende Form der Abspritzöffnungen 7 steigt die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Brennstoffs in Strömungsrichtung an, wodurch eine Ablösung der Strömung in der Abspritzöffnung 7 verhindert wird. Durch die anliegende Strömung werden die Abspritzöffnungen 7 vor Verkokungen geschützt, so daß sie nicht durch Verkokungsrückstände zuwachsen können.Due to the special shape of the ejection openings 7, the flow behavior and the mixture formation can be improved, whereby the emission values decrease. Since the diameter of the ejection openings 7 typically less than 200 microns is, the risk that the ejection openings 7 clogged by coking with time and thus the flow rate is unduly restricted, relatively large. Due to the tapering shape of the ejection openings 7, the flow rate of the fuel increases in the flow direction, whereby a separation of the flow in the ejection opening 7 is prevented. Due to the applied flow, the ejection openings 7 are protected from coking, so that they can not grow over by coking residues.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt und z. B. für beliebig angeordnete Abspritzöffnungen 7 sowie für beliebige Bauweisen von nach innen öffnenden Mehrloch-Brennstoffeinspritzventilen 1 anwendbar. Ebenso ist die Erfindung auf selbstzündende Brennkraftmaschinen (z. B. Dieselmotoren) anwendbar.The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment and z. B. for arbitrarily arranged spray openings 7 and for any construction of inwardly opening multi-hole fuel injectors 1 applicable. Likewise, the invention is applicable to auto-ignition internal combustion engines (eg diesel engines).

Claims (4)

  1. Fuel injection valve (1) for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines, with a valve-closing body (4) which, together with a valve-seat surface (6) formed on a valve-seat body (5), constitutes a sealing seat, and with at least one injection port (7) which is arranged downstream of the sealing seat in the flow direction, the injection port (7) having a shape tapered in the flow direction, an entry region (39) of the injection port (7) being rounded and having a larger opening angle than an exit region (42), characterized in that a cross-sectional contour line (43) of the injection port (7) runs parabolically between the entry region (39) and the exit region (42).
  2. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the injection ports (7) are producible by means of erosion.
  3. Fuel injection valve according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that a retreat radius (40) is formed in the entry region (39) of the injection ports (7).
  4. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 3, characterized in that the injection ports (7) are reworkable by means of a flow-managed process.
EP20020024775 2001-11-15 2002-11-07 Fuel injection valve Expired - Lifetime EP1312796B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE10156020 2001-11-15
DE2001156020 DE10156020A1 (en) 2001-11-15 2001-11-15 Fuel injector

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EP1312796A2 EP1312796A2 (en) 2003-05-21
EP1312796A3 EP1312796A3 (en) 2006-02-01
EP1312796B1 true EP1312796B1 (en) 2008-02-13

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3803098B1 (en) * 2018-06-08 2024-07-31 Liebherr-Components Deggendorf GmbH Method of manufacturing a nozzle for injecting fuel

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FR2876750B1 (en) * 2004-10-19 2010-09-17 Renault Sas INJECTION NOZZLE HAVING DIFFERENT HOLES OF CONICITY AND ENGINE COMPRISING SUCH A NOZZLE
JP4079144B2 (en) 2004-12-20 2008-04-23 株式会社豊田中央研究所 Fuel injection valve
ATE524537T1 (en) * 2006-08-04 2011-09-15 Infineum Int Ltd METHOD AND APPLICATION FOR PREVENTING DEPOSITS IN A FUEL INJECTOR
EP1900795A1 (en) * 2006-09-07 2008-03-19 Infineum International Limited Method and use for the prevention of fuel injector deposits
US20080060608A1 (en) * 2006-09-07 2008-03-13 Angela Priscilla Breakspear Method and use for the prevention of fuel injector deposits
AT512423A1 (en) * 2012-02-07 2013-08-15 Bosch Gmbh Robert INJECTION NOZZLE FOR INJECTING MEDIA TO THE COMBUSTION ENGINE OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
JP6036354B2 (en) * 2013-02-04 2016-11-30 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 Fuel injection valve
DE102016208080A1 (en) * 2016-05-11 2017-11-16 Volkswagen Ag Fuel injection valve and method for producing a fuel injection valve

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GB8817774D0 (en) * 1988-07-26 1988-09-01 Lucas Ind Plc Fuel injectors for i c engines
GB8827107D0 (en) * 1988-11-19 1988-12-21 Lucas Ind Plc Fuel injection nozzle
US5026462A (en) * 1990-03-06 1991-06-25 Ail Corporation Method and apparatus for electrochemical machining of spray holes in fuel injection nozzles
DK0844920T3 (en) * 1995-08-04 2003-08-04 Dynetics Llc Method and apparatus for forming an opening with an abrasive slurry
DE19729827A1 (en) * 1997-07-11 1999-01-14 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injector
DE19804463B4 (en) 1998-02-05 2006-06-14 Daimlerchrysler Ag Fuel injection system for gasoline engines
DE19914719C2 (en) * 1999-03-31 2001-05-03 Siemens Ag Device for hydroerosive rounding of inlet edges of the spray hole channels in a nozzle body
JP3879909B2 (en) * 2001-03-29 2007-02-14 株式会社デンソー Fuel injection device

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3803098B1 (en) * 2018-06-08 2024-07-31 Liebherr-Components Deggendorf GmbH Method of manufacturing a nozzle for injecting fuel

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DE50211662D1 (en) 2008-03-27
DE10156020A1 (en) 2003-07-17
JP2003184706A (en) 2003-07-03
EP1312796A3 (en) 2006-02-01
EP1312796A2 (en) 2003-05-21

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