EP1693316A1 - Outlet device with a cleaning system - Google Patents

Abstract

The discharge device has first connection piece (15) and second connection piece (16) arranged at the discharge body (11) in the range of the intermediate space (14). Through the first connection piece, compressed air can be directed and though the second connection piece, fluid can be directed whereby flushing or cleaning of the discharge mechanism is feasible.

Description

The invention relates to a discharge device for a container for dusty or granular bulk material with a conically tapered downwards for a delivery line outlet body which is connected by means of a flange to the container, with a consisting of an air-permeable material ventilation insert whose upper side is fixed to the flange , With a gap between the ventilation insert and the outlet body, wherein in the space to increase the flow and lubricity of the bulk material compressed air can be pressed.

It is known that in containers for bulk material, such as high silos, the bulk material is strongly compressed in the lower area by the upcoming filling height, which can lead to a bridging formation in the bulk material through which the overlying bulk material is held and further leakage of the Bulk material prevents. For this reason, special precautions are taken to prevent any bridge formation from the outset at the bulk material outlet or, if this is caused by correspondingly long storage times, break up again.

The person skilled in the art is known, for example, to make the outlet surface double-walled. In this case, the inner funnel-shaped outlet surface is usually formed from air-permeable film material, so that compressed air introduced between the outer impermeable cone wall and the inner cone wall can flow into the bulk material cone space, thereby avoiding bridging or being dissolved again. In order to ensure a low-friction flowability of the bulk material, therefore, the inner film jacket is clamped at the top and at the bottom by means of clamping structures, which in various embodiments are known held. However, disadvantages are also associated with these clamping constructions, which partially offset the advantage of minimizing friction when bulk material is emptied. Thus, the means required for clamping are sometimes arranged in the interior of the cone and hinders the outflowing bulk material in the way. Furthermore, the design effort for the clamping device is relatively high, which also has a negative effect on the maintenance.

In DE 39 33 688 C2 a discharge for intended for the transport of bulk containers is described, consisting of a funnel-shaped by means of a flange at its upper edge with the container and with its lower edge connectable to a feed line connecting piece and arranged in this ventilation insert. Compressed air can be injected between the connecting piece and the ventilation insert in order to increase the lubricity of the bulk material. The ventilation insert is made of a non-rigid ventilation cloth made of a polyester or a wire mesh. One of the disadvantages of this device is that, for example, when changing the bulk material of the discharge must be cleaned so that, inter alia, the air-permeable ventilation insert is to be dismantled, which is connected to the worker with an assembly effort. Furthermore, it has been shown that a rapid soiling of a fabric mat arises, which entails frequent cleaning cycles.

In DE 298 01 714 U1 a discharge device for a container is described, with a downwardly narrowing outlet body, in which a bowl insert is arranged. The bowl insert is held in its upper region between the container and the outlet body, wherein at its lower edge there is a circumferential gap to the wall of the outlet body. Between the wall of the outlet body and the wall of the bowl insert, a gap is formed, is introduced into the compressed air via a nozzle. Again, there is the disadvantage that at a possibly imminent Cleaning the outlet device, in particular in the region of the intermediate space a great deal of effort during assembly is necessary.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an outlet device, in which the disadvantages mentioned are avoided, in particular contamination of the outlet device is minimized, while at the same time minimizes the assembly effort in a possibly imminent cleaning of the outlet device.

To solve this problem, a discharge device with the features of claim 1 or 2 is proposed. In the dependent claims preferred developments are carried out.

For this purpose, the invention provides that a first and a second nozzle are arranged on the outlet body in the region of the intermediate space, wherein through the first nozzle compressed air and through the second nozzle a fluid is conductive, whereby a flushing and / or cleaning of the outlet device, in particular of the intermediate space and the ventilation insert is feasible. The advantage of the outlet device according to the invention is that the ventilation insert is particularly effective for material loosening of the bulk material, wherein compressed air is pressed into the intermediate space through the first nozzle. As a result, the bulk material sliding out of the container into the outlet device is loosened so that it can reliably drain down into the delivery line. When changing the bulk material, the invention further offers the significant advantage that due to the integrated flushing and / or cleaning option, the outlet device no longer has to be completely dismantled. For cleaning, water is preferably used as the fluid, which is pumped through the second nozzle into the intermediate space. Conveniently, the water is passed under a certain pressure in the outlet device, whereby a reliable cleaning takes place. At the second nozzle advantageously a pressurized water line is connected. These very simple structural design allows a very simple cleaning and / or rinsing, which is particularly important in the food industry of great importance.

Furthermore, the object is achieved by a discharge device according to claim 2, wherein at least at the outlet body in the region of the intermediate space two nozzles are arranged, to which a connection unit can be fastened. About the connection unit compressed air and / or water for flushing and / or cleaning the outlet device is feasible through the nozzle. The particular advantage of this embodiment is that by the connection unit both compressed air to increase the flow and lubricity of the bulk material and water for flushing and / or cleaning the Ausiaufeinrichtung is guided through the nozzle. It can thus be used only with a common connection unit for the supply of the outlet device with compressed air and / or water.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the ventilation insert is made of a metal, in particular the ventilation insert is made of stainless steel. This has the advantage that the degree of contamination, in particular compared to a tissue mat used in the prior art can be significantly reduced.

Another measure improving the invention provides that the first nozzle has a check valve. It is also conceivable that the connection unit has a check valve. By these embodiments, compressed air is introduced continuously or at a certain frequency in the intermediate space, wherein the check valve, inter alia, ensures that not pressed into the intermediate space air flows back through the nozzle. Depending on the flow velocity of the compressed air, a vibration of the ventilation insert is generated, which causes a loosening of the bulk material, so that this quickly and smoothly from the outlet device is applied. The vibration of the ventilation insert, which is preferably carried out self-supporting, can be further promoted if the material of the ventilation insert is resilient.

According to a possible development of the invention it is proposed that the lower side of the ventilation insert is formed with a plurality of spacer elements, which are arranged on the wall of the outlet body. Between the spacer elements, the lower side of the ventilation insert in each case has a gap to the wall of the outlet body, through which the injected air flows in the direction of the narrowing outlet body, whereby a rapid and unhindered emptying of the container is ensured.

The gap is preferably 2mm, the spacer elements can be designed as bulges, in particular as beads, which secure the gap from above and are arranged leading to the gap. The spacer elements advantageously assist the emptying of the container in conjunction with the vibrations generated by the compressed air.

Advantageously, the outlet device according to the invention can also be created by retrofitting the ventilation insert in existing silo containers, since this only has to be fastened in the flange between the container and the outlet body. The first and the second nozzles are furthermore arranged without great effort in the outlet body.

Furthermore, according to the invention it can be provided that the side of the ventilation insert facing away from the intermediate space has a resistant and / or low-friction layer, whereby the resistance to abrasion is increased and the emptying process is accelerated.

In one possible embodiment of the invention, the outlet device may also have more than two nozzles on the outlet body. For example, can offer it in a design alternative, at least three nozzles circumferentially evenly distributed on the outlet body. Here, the nozzles are on the outside of the outlet body, which are arranged to each other at the same height. This means that the said nozzles to the outlet opening of the outlet device through which the bulk material leaves the container, have the same distance, With the use of three nozzles, it is advisable to arrange them offset by 120 ° to each other, thus uniform distribution of the Compressed air and / or the fluid to achieve in the outlet device. Of course, in an alternative embodiment of the outlet device four nozzles may be arranged on the outlet body, which are positioned offset from one another by 90 °.

The connection unit expediently comprises a fluid connection part and an air connection part. In this case, the connection unit can have a feed line and a distribution line, wherein the feed line opens into the distribution line. Through the common supply line (distribution line) for the respective nozzle, it is possible during the loosening process at the discharge of the bulk material in at least two places to inject compressed air, and then initiate a cleaning fluid at least two places when cleaning the outlet device. The overall conception of the connection unit for the fluid connection and the compressed air connection and the downstream distribution line dividing into at least two connecting stubs improves both the discharge process and the cleaning process.

In a further alternative of the invention, a fluid-compressed air mixture for flushing and / or cleaning can be introduced through the nozzles. This means that the flushing process can be achieved not only by the fluid, in particular by the water, but by a fluid-compressed air mixture. By acting as a kind of adapter connection unit of the discharge process as well as the cleaning process of the outlet device can be shortened in time and in the Effectiveness can be improved, wherein an additional improvement of the cleaning process can be achieved by the use of the fluid-air mixture.

By using compressed air can also be achieved that even with a relatively (over) pressureless inflowing fluid, a cleaning fluid is formed as a fluid-air mixture that meets under increased pressure on the ventilation insert and this cleans quickly and completely.

Preferably, the connection unit is designed as a Y-shaped line, which is formed by a feed line opening into the distribution line, wherein the distribution line is connected at its free ends directly or indirectly with the nozzle. Advantageously, the supply line and the distribution line are made of a flexible material. If the connection unit has said Y-shaped line, then the outlet device is designed with only two connecting pieces, which can be connected, for example via a hose coupling, to the free end of the distribution line. If the outlet device according to the invention has more than two connecting pieces, then the connecting unit has the corresponding number of distribution lines.

Figur 1

eine geschnittene Seitenansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform einer Auslaufeinrichtung, und

Figur 2

eine schematische Seitenansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer Auslaufeinrichtung mit einer Anschlusseinheit.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description in which two embodiments of the invention are described in detail with reference to the drawings. The features mentioned in the claims and in the description may each be essential to the invention individually or in any desired combination. In a purely schematic representation:

FIG. 1

a sectional side view of a first embodiment of a discharge device, and

FIG. 2

a schematic side view of another embodiment of a discharge device with a connection unit.

FIG. 1 shows a sectional side view of a discharge device 100 according to the invention, which can be used, for example, both for stationary silo containers and for containers which are the body part of a vehicle. The partially illustrated container 10, in which, for example, dusty or granular bulk material can be located, is connected to a funnel-shaped outlet body 11 by means of a flange 12. Furthermore, a ventilation insert 13 is attached to the flange 12 between the container 10 and the outlet body 11, which is a self-supporting, air-permeable stainless steel mat 13 in the illustrated embodiment. Between the ventilation insert 13 and the wall of the outlet body 11 is a gap 14. The ventilation insert 13 is made open on the opposite side of the flange 12, so that a circular opening 19 results.

In the region of the intermediate space 14, the outlet body 11 is designed with a first nozzle 15, is brought by the compressed air via a compressed air line, not shown, which is attached to the first nozzle 15 in the outlet device 100. At the first port 15, a check valve 18 is arranged.

Furthermore, the wall of the outlet body 11 has a second nozzle 16, through which a cleaning fluid can be conducted, whereby a flushing and / or cleaning of the outlet body 11, in particular of the intermediate space 14 and the ventilation insert 13 is achieved.

The lower side of the ventilation insert 13 is provided with a plurality of spacer elements 17, which are designed as beads 17. The beads 17 are arranged directly on the wall of the outlet body 11. The beads 17 can for example, only rest on the outlet body 11. Furthermore, however, it is also possible that the beads 17 are positively and / or positively and / or materially secured to the outlet body 11. Between the beads 17, the lower side of the ventilation insert 13 each have a gap to the wall of the outlet body 11. This means that there is a certain distance between the edge of the opening 19 and the wall of the outlet body 11 (between two respective beads 17). In the illustrated embodiment, the gap is 2mm, which is formed annularly encircling.

On the side facing away from the flange 12, the outlet body 11 has an outlet opening 20 and a further flange 21, to which, for example, a connecting piece for a delivery line, not shown, or the like for discharging the bulk material can be attached.

When emptying the silo container 10 compressed air is passed in pulses through the first port 15, which passes into the intermediate space 14. As a result, the ventilation insert 13 comes into vibration, so that the voltage applied to the Edeistahlmatte 13 bulk material is loosened and trickles in the direction of the opening 20. The emptying process of the bulk material is further facilitated by the fact that the compressed air flows through the ventilation insert 13. Further, the compressed air flows through the individual columns, which is indicated by the arrows in the drawing. As a result, the bulk material is also loosened, so that the trickle and lubricity is increased.

If, for example, the bulk material material is changed, it is often necessary to clean the outlet device 100, in particular in the case of foodstuff foodstuffs. In the present embodiment, under a high pressure, water is passed via the second port 16 into the gap 14, the water flowing through the vent insert 13 and through the above-mentioned gaps. This flushing and cleaning operation is carried out for a while. so that the outlet device 100 is free of bulk material residues. The water finally leaves the outlet device 104 via the opening 20.

Of course, for certain applications, the ventilation insert 13 can be removed completely so that there are no objects in the material flow within the outlet body 11.

FIG. 2 shows a further alternative of the outlet device 200 according to the invention. The outlet device 200 shown here comprises essentially the same features as the outlet device described in FIG. 1, so that in the following essentially only the differences will be discussed. In contrast to the first embodiment, compressed air is fed through the nozzles 15, 16 into the outlet device, whereby a loosening process during the discharge of the bulk material is initiated. This means that compressed air is blown into the intermediate space 14 at the same time through both nozzles 15, 16. For the cleaning process, it is possible to pass a fluid, in particular water through both nozzles 15, 16. In a further alternative, it is also conceivable to allow a water-air mixture as a cleaning fluid to flow simultaneously through both nozzles 15, 16 into the intermediate space 14.

Both nozzles 15, 16 are connected to a connection unit 30, is passed through the compressed air and / or water in the outlet device 200. The connection unit 30 consists at least partially of a flexible material. The nozzles 15, 16 are each connected via a hose coupling 35 to the connection unit 30. The connection unit 30 has a distribution line 34 into which a supply line 33 opens. The connection unit 30 has at its end facing away from the connecting piece 15, 16 a water connection 31 and an air trap 32. Between the air connection 32 and the supply line 33, a check valve 36 is arranged. Depending on requirements, the outlet device 200 with water, compressed air or a water-air mixture via the connection unit 30 supplied. Here, the connection unit 30 is completely independent of the internal configuration of the outlet device 200 executed. Although it is advantageously provided that the ventilation insert 13 is designed as a sheet steel insert and by the use of a circumferential gap and the corresponding beads 17 easy cleaning is possible. However, there are also other types of ventilation inserts within the outlet device 200 readily conceivable here.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100

outlet device

200

outlet device

10

container

11

spout body

12

flange

13

ventilation insert

14

gap

15

First nozzle

16

Second neck

17

spacer

18

check valve

19

Opening (ventilation insert)

20

outlet

30

connection unit

31

Fluid connection part, water connection part

32

Air connector

33

feed

34

distribution line

35

coupling member

36

check valve

Claims (19)

Outlet device (100) for a container (10) for powdery or granular bulk material with a conically tapering downwards for a delivery line outlet body (11) by means of a flange (12) with the container (10) is connectable, with one of an air-permeable Material existing ventilation insert (13) whose upper side is fixed to the flange (12), with a gap (14) between the ventilation insert (13) and the outlet body (11), wherein in the intermediate space (14) to increase the trickle and Slidability of the bulk material compressed air is einpressbar, characterized in that a first (15) and a second nozzle (16) on the outlet body (11) in the region of the intermediate space (14) are arranged, wherein through the first nozzle (15) compressed air and through the second pipe (16), a fluid can be conducted, whereby a flushing and / or cleaning of the outlet device (100) can be carried out. Outlet device (200) for a container (10) for powdery or granular bulk material with a conically tapering downwards for a delivery line outlet body (11) by means of a flange (12) with the container (10) is connectable, with one of an air-permeable Material existing ventilation insert (13) whose upper side is fixed to the flange (12), with a gap (14) between the ventilation insert (13) and the outlet body (11), wherein in the intermediate space (14) to increase the trickle and Slidability of the bulk material compressed air can be pressed, characterized in that at the outlet body (11) in the region of the intermediate space (14) at least two sockets (15,16) are arranged, to which a connection unit (30) can be fastened, wherein through the nozzle (15 , 16) compressed air and / or a fluid for flushing and / or cleaning the outlet device (200) is feasible. Outlet device (100, 200) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fluid is water, which is guided under a pressure in the intermediate space (14). Outlet device (100, 200) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ventilation insert (13) is a mat made of a metal. Outlet device (100, 200) according to claim 4, characterized in that the ventilation insert (13) is a stainless steel mat. Outlet device (100, 200) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first nozzle (15) has a check valve (16). Outlet device (100, 200) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ventilation insert (13) is designed to be self-supporting. Outlet device (100, 200) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower side of the ventilation insert (13) with a plurality of spacer elements (17) is formed, which are arranged on the wall of the outlet body (11). Outlet device (100, 200) according to claim 8, characterized in that the spacer element (17) is designed as bulges. Outlet device (100, 200) according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that between the spacer elements (17), the lower side of the Ventilation insert (13) has a gap to the wall of the outlet body (11). Outlet device (100, 200) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said space (14) facing away from the ventilation insert (13) has a resistant and / or low-friction layer. Outlet device (100, 200) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least three nozzles are circumferentially evenly distributed on the outlet body (11). Outlet device (100, 200) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection unit (30) has a fluid connection part (31) and an air connection part (32). Outlet device (100, 200) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection unit (30) has a feed line (33) and a distribution line (34), wherein the feed line (33) opens into the distribution line (34). Outlet device (100, 200) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distribution line (34) via a coupling element (35) with the nozzle (15,16) is connected. Outlet device (100, 200) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection unit (30) has a check valve (36), whereby compressed air in the intermediate space (14) can be introduced continuously or at a certain frequency. Outlet device (100, 200) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection unit (30) is designed as a Y-shaped line. Outlet device (100, 200) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a fluid-compressed air mixture for flushing and / or cleaning can be introduced through the nozzles (15, 16). Connection unit (30) for a discharge device (100, 200) according to one of claims 1 to 18.

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