DE202005016872U1 - outlet device - Google Patents

Abstract

outlet device (100) for a container (10) for powdered or grainy bulk with a cone-shaped down for a promotion line narrowing outlet body (11), which by means of a flange (12) with the container (10) is connectable, with an existing of an air-permeable material ventilation insert (13), whose upper side is fixed to the flange (12), with a Interspace (14) between the ventilation insert (13) and the spout body (11), wherein in the intermediate space (14) for increasing the flow and lubricity of the bulk material Compressed air is pressed, characterized in that a first (15) and a second nozzle (16) on the outlet body (11) in the region of the intermediate space (14) are arranged, wherein through the first nozzle (15) compressed air and through the second port (16), a fluid is conductive, whereby a conditioner and / or cleaning the outlet device (100) is feasible.

Description

The The invention relates to a discharge device for a container for dusty or granular bulk material with a cone-shaped down for a promotion line narrowing outlet body, which is connectable by means of a flange to the container, with a from an air-permeable Material existing ventilation insert, whose upper side is fixed to the flange, with a gap between the ventilation insert and the spout body, being in the intermediate space to increase the trickle and lubricity of the bulk material Compressed air is pressed.

It is known that in containers for bulk goods, like For example, high silos, the bulk material in the lower area the upcoming filling level is compressed strongly, making it a bridge training in bulk can come through which the overlying bulk is held and prevents further leakage of the bulk material. For this Reason special precautions are taken to bridge the bridge from the outset at the bulk material outlet to prevent or, if this was caused by correspondingly long storage times is to break up again.

the A person skilled in the art is known for example, the outlet surface double-walled perform. This is usually the inner funnel-shaped outdoor area made of breathable Foil material is formed so that between the outer airtight cone wall and the Innenkegelwandung input compressed air into the bulk material cone space pour in can and thereby bridge formation avoided or dissolved again. To a low-friction flowability of the bulk material to ensure, Therefore, the inner film jacket is firmly clamped above and at the bottom by means of clamping constructions used in the most diverse embodiments are known held. However, with these clamping structures also disadvantages associated with the advantage of minimizing friction during the bulk material discharge partly make up for it. So are sometimes needed to tighten funds arranged in the interior of the cone and obstruct the bulk material in the way hindrance. Of Furthermore, the design effort for the jig is relative high, which also has a negative impact on maintenance.

In the DE 39 33 688 C2 is a discharge for intended for the transport of bulk containers described, consisting of a funnel-shaped by means of a flange at its upper edge with the container and with its lower edge connectable to a feed line connecting piece and arranged in this ventilation insert. Compressed air can be injected between the connecting piece and the ventilation insert in order to increase the lubricity of the bulk material. The ventilation insert is made of a non-rigid ventilation cloth made of a polyester or a wire mesh. One of the disadvantages of this device is that, for example, when changing the bulk material of the discharge must be cleaned so that, inter alia, the air-permeable ventilation insert is to be dismantled, which is connected to the worker with an assembly effort. Furthermore, it has been shown that a rapid soiling of a fabric mat arises, which entails frequent cleaning cycles.

In the DE 298 01 714 U1 a discharge device for a container is described, with a downwardly narrowing outlet body, in which a bowl insert is arranged. The bowl insert is held in its upper region between the container and the outlet body, wherein at its lower edge there is a circumferential gap to the wall of the outlet body. Between the wall of the outlet body and the wall of the bowl insert, a gap is formed, is introduced into the compressed air via a nozzle. Again, there is the disadvantage that in a possibly imminent cleaning of the outlet device, in particular in the region of the intermediate space, a great effort in the assembly is necessary.

It The object of the present invention is an outlet device in which the mentioned disadvantages are avoided, in particular one Contamination of the outlet device is minimized, while simultaneously in case of imminent cleaning of the outlet device the assembly effort is kept low.

to solution This object is an outlet device with the features of Claim 1 proposed. In the dependent claims are preferred Developments executed.

For this purpose, the invention provides that a first and a second nozzle are arranged on the outlet body in the region of the intermediate space, wherein through the first nozzle compressed air and through the second nozzle a fluid is conductive, whereby a flushing and / or cleaning of the outlet device, in particular of the intermediate space and the ventilation insert is feasible. The advantage of the outlet device according to the invention is that the ventilation insert is particularly effective for material loosening of the bulk material, wherein compressed air is pressed into the intermediate space through the first nozzle. As a result, the bulk material sliding out of the container into the outlet device is loosened, so that it is relieved sig can run down into the delivery line. When changing the bulk material further provides the invention has the significant advantage that the outlet device no longer has to be completely disassembled by the integrated rinsing and / or cleaning option. For cleaning, water is preferably used as the fluid, which is pumped through the second nozzle into the intermediate space. Conveniently, the water is passed under a certain pressure in the outlet device, whereby a reliable cleaning takes place. At the second nozzle advantageously a pressurized water line is connected. This very simple structural design allows a very simple cleaning and / or rinsing, which is particularly important in the food industry of great importance.

Of Furthermore, the object is achieved by a discharge device according to claim 2 solved, at the at least on the outlet body are arranged in the region of the intermediate space two stubs, to the a connection unit can be fastened. About the connection unit is through the nozzles compressed air and / or water for a rinse and / or cleaning the Outlet device feasible. The particular advantage of this embodiment is that through the connection unit both compressed air to increase the flow and lubricity of the bulk material as well as water for flushing and / or cleaning the outlet device by the nozzle conductive is. It can thus only a common connection unit for the supply the outlet device with compressed air and / or water are used.

In a further embodiment The invention is the ventilation insert made of a metal, in particular the ventilation insert is made of stainless steel. This This has the advantage that the degree of contamination, in particular considerably compared to a fabric mat used in the prior art can be lowered.

A Another measure improving the invention provides that the first nozzle a check valve having. It is also conceivable that the connection unit a check valve having. Due to these refinements, compressed air is continuous or can be introduced into the intermediate space with a certain frequency, the check valve among other things for it ensures that air is not pressed into the gap over the Neck flows back. Dependent on from the flow velocity the compressed air is generated a vibration of the ventilation insert, the a loosening of the bulk material causes, so this quickly and smoothly from the outlet device is applied. The vibration of the ventilation insert, preferably Self-supporting executed is, can continue to favor when the material of the ventilation insert is spring-elastic is.

To a possible Further development of the invention is proposed that the lower Side of the ventilation insert is formed with a plurality of spacer elements, which on the wall of the outlet body are arranged. Between the spacer elements, the lower Side of the ventilation insert in each case a gap to the wall of the outlet body, through this the pressed air flows in the direction of the tapered outlet body, whereby ensures a quick and unhindered emptying of the container becomes.

Of the Gap is preferably 2mm, the spacers can as bulges, in particular executed as beads be, which secure the gap from above and are arranged leading to the gap. Support the spacers Advantageously, the emptying of the container in conjunction with the vibrations generated by the compressed air.

advantageously, let yourself the outlet device according to the invention also by retrofitting the ventilation insert in existing silo containers create, since this only in the flange between the container and the outlet body must be attached. The first and second nozzles are further without big ones Effort can be arranged in the outlet body.

Farther can be provided according to the invention be that the side facing away from the gap of the ventilation insert a resistant and / or low-friction layer, whereby the resistance increased against abrasion and the emptying process can be accelerated.

In a possible embodiment the invention, the outlet device and more than two nozzles at the outlet body exhibit. For example, it may be in a design alternative offer to evenly distribute at least three nozzles circumferentially on the outlet body. Here, the nozzles are on the outside of the outlet body, wherein these to each other at the same height are arranged. This means that the said nozzles to the outlet opening of Outlet device through which the bulk material leaves the container, the have the same distance. When using three nozzles offers It is, this offset by 120 ° to arrange each other, thus a uniform distribution of compressed air and / or the fluid to reach the outlet device. Of course, in an alternative embodiment the outlet device four nozzles to be arranged on the outlet body, which is offset 90 ° to each other are positioned.

The connection unit expediently comprises a fluid connection part and an air inlet circuit part. In this case, the connection unit can have a feed line and a distribution line, wherein the feed line opens into the distribution line. Through the common supply line (distribution line) for the respective nozzle, it is possible during the loosening process at the discharge of the bulk material in at least two places compressed air, and then initiate a cleaning fluid at least two places when cleaning the outlet device. The overall conception of the connection unit for the fluid connection and the compressed air connection and the downstream distribution line dividing into at least two connecting stubs improves both the discharge process and the cleaning process.

In Another alternative of the invention is through the nozzle a Fluid-compressed air mixture for rinsing and / or cleaning can be introduced. That means the flushing process not only by the fluid, but especially by the water through a fluid-compressed air mixture is achievable. By acting as a kind of adapter connection unit the discharge process as well as the cleaning process of the Outlet device shortened in time and in the effectiveness be improved, with the use of the fluid-air mixture in addition one Improvement of the cleaning process can be achieved.

By The use of compressed air can also be achieved, that too at a relatively (over) flowing in without pressure Fluids a cleaning fluid is formed as a fluid-air mixture, that under increased Pressure on the ventilation insert meets and cleans it quickly and completely.

Preferably the connection unit is designed as a Y-shaped line, the is formed by an opening into the distribution line feed line, wherein the distribution line at their free ends with the nozzle directly or indirectly connected. Advantageously, the supply line and the distribution line made of a flexible material. has the terminal unit on the said Y-shaped line, so is the Outlet device formed with only two sockets, for example, via a Hose coupling connected to the free end of the distribution line can be. Has the outlet device according to the invention more as two nozzles, so the connection unit has the corresponding Number of distribution lines.

Further Advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent the description below, with reference to the drawings two embodiments the invention are described in detail. The can in the claims and mentioned in the description Features individually for each itself or in any combination essential to the invention. Show it in a purely schematic representation:

1 a sectional side view of a first embodiment of a discharge device, and

2 a further embodiment of a discharge device with a connection unit.

The illustrated 1 shows a sectional side view of an outlet device according to the invention 100 , which can be used, for example, both for stationary silo containers as well as for those containers that are part of a vehicle. The partially illustrated container 10 , in which, for example, dusty or granular bulk material can be located, is with a funnel-shaped outlet body 11 by means of a flange 12 connected. Further, on the flange 12 between the container 10 and the spout body 11 a ventilation insert 13 attached, which in the illustrated embodiment, a self-supporting, air-permeable stainless steel mat 13 is. Between the ventilation insert 13 and the wall of the outlet body 11 is a gap 14 , The ventilation insert 13 is at the flange 12 running open on the opposite side, leaving a circular opening 19 results.

In the area of the gap 14 is the outlet body 11 with a first neck 15 executed, by the compressed air via a compressed air line, not shown, to the first port 15 is attached, in the outlet device 100 is brought. At the first neck 15 is a check valve 18 arranged.

Furthermore, the wall of the outlet body 11 a second nozzle 16 on, through which a cleaning fluid is conductive, whereby a flushing and / or cleaning of the outlet body 11 , in particular of the intermediate space 14 and the ventilation insert 13 is achieved.

The lower side of the ventilation insert 13 is with several spacers 17 provided as beads 17 are executed. The beads 17 are directly on the wall of the outlet body 11 arranged. The beads 17 For example, only at the outlet body 11 issue. Furthermore, it is also possible that the beads 17 positive and / or non-positive and / or cohesive on the outlet body 11 are attached. Between the beads 17 indicates the lower side of the ventilation insert 13 in each case a gap to the wall of the outlet body 11 on. That means that between the edge of the opening 19 and the wall of the outlet body 11 (between each two beads 17 ) is a certain distance. In the illustrated embodiment, the gap is 2mm, which is formed annularly encircling.

At the flange 12 facing away from the outlet body 11 an outlet opening 20 and another flange 21 on, for example, to the connecting piece for a delivery line, not shown, or the like for discharging the bulk material can be attached.

When emptying the silo container 10 compressed air is pulsed through the first port 15 headed into the gap 14 arrives.

This causes the ventilation insert 13 in vibration, so that's on the stainless steel mat 13 adjacent loose material is loosened and towards the opening 20 trickles. The emptying process of the bulk material is further facilitated by the fact that the compressed air through the ventilation insert 13 flowing. Further, the compressed air flows through the individual columns, which is indicated by the arrows in the drawing. As a result, the bulk material is also loosened, so that the trickle and lubricity is increased.

If, for example, the bulk material material is changed, it is often necessary, in particular in the case of food bulk goods, to have the outlet device 100 to clean. In the present embodiment, water is supplied through the second port at a high pressure 16 in the gap 14 passed, taking the water through the ventilation insert 13 and flows through the above columns. This rinsing and cleaning process is operated for a while, so that the outlet device 100 is free of bulk material residues. The water leaves the outlet 100 finally over the opening 20 ,

Of course, the ventilation insert can be used for certain applications 13 remove it completely so that there are no objects in the material flow inside the outlet body 11 are located.

In the 2 is another alternative of the outlet device according to the invention 200 shown. The outlet device shown here 200 includes essentially the same features as those in 1 described outlet device, so that in the following essentially only addresses the differences. In contrast to the first embodiment is through the nozzle 15 . 16 for a compressed air led into the outlet device, whereby a loosening process during the discharge of the bulk material is initiated. This means that at the same time through both nozzles 15 . 16 Compressed air in the gap 14 blown. For the cleaning process, it is possible, a fluid, especially water through both nozzles 15 . 16 to lead. In a further alternative is also conceivable, a water-air mixture as cleaning fluid simultaneously through both nozzles 15 . 16 in the gap 14 to flow in.

Both neck 15 . 16 are with a connection unit 30 connected, by the compressed air and / or water in the outlet device 200 is directed. The connection unit 30 consists at least partially of a flexible material. The pillars 15 . 16 are each via a hose coupling 35 with the connection unit 30 connected. The connection unit 30 has a distribution line 34 in which a supply line 33 empties. The connection unit 30 points to her the neck 15 . 16 opposite end of a water connection 31 as well as an air entrapment 32 on. Between the air connection 32 and the supply line 33 is a check valve 36 arranged. As needed, the outlet device 200 with water, compressed air or a water-air mixture via the connection unit 30 provided. Here is the connection unit 30 completely independent of the internal design of the outlet device 200 executed. Although it is advantageously provided that the ventilation insert 13 is designed as a sheet steel insert and by the use of a circumferential gap and the corresponding beads 17 easy cleaning is possible. However, here are other types of ventilation inserts within the outlet device 200 without further thought.

100

outlet device

200

outlet device

10

container

11

spout body

12

flange

13

ventilation insert

14

gap

15

first Support

16

second Support

17

spacer

18

check valve

19

Opening (ventilation insert)

20

outlet

30

connection unit

31

Fluid connector, Water connection part

32

Air connector

33

feed

34

distribution line

35

coupling member

36

check valve

Claims (19)

Outlet device ( 100 ) for a container ( 10 ) for dusty or granular bulk material with a conically tapering downwards for a delivery line outlet body ( 11 ), which by means of a flange ( 12 ) with the container ( 10 ) is connectable, with a ventilation insert consisting of an air-permeable material ( 13 ), the upper side of the flange ( 12 ), with a gap ( 14 ) between the ventilation insert ( 13 ) and the outlet body ( 11 ), whereby in the intermediate space ( 14 ) compressed air can be injected to increase the flow and lubricity of the bulk material, characterized in that a first ( 15 ) and a second nozzle ( 16 ) at the outlet body ( 11 ) in the region of the intermediate space ( 14 ) are arranged, wherein by the first connecting piece ( 15 ) Compressed air and through the second nozzle ( 16 ) a fluid can be conducted, whereby a flushing and / or cleaning of the outlet device ( 100 ) is feasible. Outlet device ( 200 ) for a container ( 10 ) for dusty or granular bulk material with a conically tapering downwards for a delivery line outlet body ( 11 ), which by means of a flange ( 12 ) with the container ( 10 ) is connectable, with a ventilation insert consisting of an air-permeable material ( 13 ), the upper side of the flange ( 12 ), with a gap ( 14 ) between the ventilation insert ( 13 ) and the outlet body ( 11 ), whereby in the intermediate space ( 14 ) compressed air can be injected to increase the flow and lubricity of the bulk material, characterized in that at the outlet body ( 11 ) in the region of the intermediate space ( 14 ) at least two nozzles ( 15 . 16 ) are arranged, to which a connection unit ( 30 ) is fastened, whereby through the neck ( 15 . 16 ) Compressed air and / or a fluid for flushing and / or cleaning the outlet device ( 200 ) is feasible. Outlet device ( 100 . 200 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fluid is water, which under a pressure in the intermediate space ( 14 ) to be led. Outlet device ( 100 . 200 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ventilation insert ( 13 ) is a mat of a metal. Outlet device ( 100 . 200 ) according to claim 4, characterized in that the ventilation insert ( 13 ) is a stainless steel mat. Outlet device ( 100 . 200 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first neck ( 15 ) a check valve ( 16 ) having. Outlet device ( 100 . 200 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ventilation insert ( 13 ) is self-supporting trained. Outlet device ( 100 . 200 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower side of the ventilation insert ( 13 ) with a plurality of spacer elements ( 17 ) is formed, which on the wall of the outlet body ( 11 ) are arranged. Outlet device ( 100 . 200 ) according to claim 8, characterized in that the spacer element ( 17 ) is designed as bulges. Outlet device ( 100 . 200 ) according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that between the spacer elements ( 17 ) the lower side of the ventilation insert ( 13 ) a gap to the wall of the outlet body ( 11 ) having. Outlet device ( 100 . 200 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the space ( 14 ) facing away from the ventilation insert ( 13 ) has a resistant and / or low-friction layer. Outlet device ( 100 . 200 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least three stubs on the circumference of the outlet body ( 11 ) are evenly distributed. Outlet device ( 100 . 200 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection unit ( 30 ) a fluid connection part ( 31 ) and an air connection part ( 32 ) having. Outlet device ( 100 . 200 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection unit ( 30 ) a supply line ( 33 ) and a distribution line ( 34 ), wherein the supply line ( 33 ) in the distribution line ( 34 ) opens. Outlet device ( 100 . 200 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distribution line ( 34 ) via a coupling element ( 35 ) with the neck ( 15 . 16 ) connected is. Outlet device ( 100 . 200 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection unit ( 30 ) a check valve ( 36 ), whereby compressed air is continuously or at a certain frequency in the intermediate space ( 14 ) can be introduced. Outlet device ( 100 . 200 ) after one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection unit ( 30 ) is designed as a Y-shaped line. Outlet device ( 100 . 200 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that through the neck ( 15 . 16 ) a fluid-compressed air mixture for flushing and / or cleaning can be introduced. Connection unit ( 30 ) for an outlet device ( 100 . 200 ) according to any one of claims 1 to 18.