EP1693127B1 - Procédé de corroyage d'un lopin métallique et ensemble d'une chemise et d'un couvercle pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé - Google Patents

Procédé de corroyage d'un lopin métallique et ensemble d'une chemise et d'un couvercle pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1693127B1
EP1693127B1 EP06110122A EP06110122A EP1693127B1 EP 1693127 B1 EP1693127 B1 EP 1693127B1 EP 06110122 A EP06110122 A EP 06110122A EP 06110122 A EP06110122 A EP 06110122A EP 1693127 B1 EP1693127 B1 EP 1693127B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slug
sleeve
upsetting
billet
lid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP06110122A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1693127A1 (fr
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Bergue
Gilbert Leconte
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
Original Assignee
SNECMA SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SNECMA SAS filed Critical SNECMA SAS
Publication of EP1693127A1 publication Critical patent/EP1693127A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1693127B1 publication Critical patent/EP1693127B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/08Upsetting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J1/00Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
    • B21J1/04Shaping in the rough solely by forging or pressing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/1208Containers or coating used therefor
    • B22F3/1258Container manufacturing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/16Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/20Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
    • B22F2003/208Warm or hot extruding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49885Assembling or joining with coating before or during assembling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a crushing process for the machining of a metal slug and a set of a jacket and a cover for the implementation of the method.
  • Forged metal parts are generally obtained by forging slugs, or billets, which are rough blanks of semi-finished, generally bar-like metal parts, used as basic elements for forging formation of the part to be obtained. their volume corresponding to the volume of the latter, plus the volume lost during forging.
  • forging slugs or billets, which are rough blanks of semi-finished, generally bar-like metal parts, used as basic elements for forging formation of the part to be obtained. their volume corresponding to the volume of the latter, plus the volume lost during forging.
  • the fan disks or the compressor drums are obtained by forging metal slugs.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to the processing of metal slugs from powder metallurgy, but more generally relates to the processing of metal slugs. It is especially recommended for wrought materials whose forgeability is difficult, especially because of small acceptable temperature ranges.
  • Metal slugs from powder metallurgy are generally obtained by spinning a container containing the powder material. During spinning, the container is forced, by a press, to pass into a lower section orifice to his, during which the material forms a dense bar. The machining of the container enveloping the material - and to which it was welded during the spinning operation - makes it possible to obtain the piece ready to be wrought.
  • the current constraints impose a maximum diameter, for a metal slug resulting from powder metallurgy, less than 300 mm, typically of the order of 230 mm.
  • the safety criteria are binding and require controls at all stages of manufacture.
  • the slugs must in particular be checked, for example by ultrasound, in order to detect the presence of inclusions or defects in the metal, which are at the origin of cracks during forging and possibly breaks in the finished part.
  • the maximum allowable defect size requirements in billets, imposed by engine manufacturers, are becoming more stringent.
  • the suppliers of plots thus limit the diameter of the plots, so as to ensure a quality ultrasonic control and to respect the criteria imposed by the manufacturers. Typically, again, this diameter is less than 300 mm, for nickel-based metal slabs or cobalt from powder metallurgy.
  • the slugs must therefore be of great slenderness, typically greater than 2.8, often of the order of 7 to 10, to compensate for their small section.
  • Milling refers to the hot deformation of a metal part to obtain an increase in its diameter and a decrease in length, at equal volume.
  • the drawing can be obtained by upsetting, that is to say by applying a constraint in the direction of the length of the metal slug.
  • a slenderness greater than 2.8 imposes a contained extrusion of plots, in order to corrode them to obtain slugs whose length to diameter ratio is reduced.
  • the ratio is reduced to a value for which it is possible to forge, stamp or even repress without being contained laterally, without risk of buckling and creating imperfections in the metal fibers.
  • Contoured content means an upset in which the billet is protected laterally, none of its surfaces being in contact with the open air. Alloys from powder metallurgy require the most isothermal crushing possible, the temperature typically not to fall by more than 50 or 100 ° C during crushing, the risk of appearing deep cracks or tears in the material .
  • the operating temperature is between the plasticity temperature and the melting temperature of the alloy, which makes it possible to forge the alloy, and limited by a maximum value defined to ensure control of the microstructure of the alloy.
  • the diameter of the wrought mass should not be too small, to avoid the creation of imperfections in the material. It must be arranged so that the slenderness is less than 2.8.
  • the prior art teaches, for this purpose, to sheath the billet in a steel tube, which increases its diameter and provides thermal protection. The whole, the piece and the tube, is then returned to the open air, since it has a sufficient diameter. During such a push-back, the billet and the steel tube will establish a metallic connection between them, comparable to a binding link. It is therefore necessary after machining, to machine all, for example by machining on a lathe, to remove the steel to find a piece containing only the alloy from the powder metallurgy. Such machining is expensive, on the one hand, and results in a loss of material of the billet, on the other hand. This loss of material is all the more important that in general, the interface between the billet and the tube is relatively tormented, which imposes a larger machining for safety.
  • the invention aims to overcome these disadvantages.
  • the invention relates to a crushing method for the machining of a metal slug, of cylindrical shape and provided with a coating, characterized in that the slug is placed, in the length direction, in a liner whose internal wall provides a space with the side surface of the billet, the set, the billet and the shirt, placed in a crushing pot, it exerts a force of pressing on the slug on at least one of its transverse surfaces, until a determined slenderness is obtained, and the slice is separated from the liner.
  • the extrusion of the slug is well contained, but only the slug is discharged, which is allowed by the space provided by the inner wall of the liner. Due to the coating and the difference in section, the material of the jacket, for example steel, is not welded or seized with the piece, which avoids machining to separate them after the operation. Thus, there is no loss of billet material or additional costs associated with subsequent machining.
  • the resulting slug obtained thus has a very good surface condition and a very good metallurgical quality.
  • the billet is of cylindrical shape.
  • Obtaining a cylindrical shaped slug is advantageous because it allows a forging, a crushing or a subsequent matriculation easier.
  • the invention also relates to the implementation of the method described above the use of a cylindrical liner, intended to receive a metal billet, having a bottom, from which a cylindrical side wall rises, the bottom having a footprint of centering and preforming a piece.
  • the invention also relates to an assembly of a jacket and a lid, comprising a jacket as described above and a lid, in the form of a circular-shaped plate whose section is substantially equal to the inner section of the shirt, very slightly lower.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to the extrusion of alloy slugs from the powder metallurgy, but more generally applies to the extrusion of any metal piece.
  • the method of the invention relates to the extrusion of a metal lopin 1, in this case a lopin 1 consisting of a nickel-based alloy or cobalt from the powder metallurgy.
  • This piece 1 is in a cylindrical form. It has a specific section and a specific length. Its slenderness, that is to say the ratio of its length to the diameter of its section, here is greater than 2.8 and may be of the order of 10 or more.
  • the billet 1 is coated, by vitrification, with an enamel layer.
  • the billet 1 is housed in a jacket 2, of cylindrical shape.
  • This jacket 2 has a bottom 3, from which rises a cylindrical side wall 4, whose thickness is relatively thin, relative to the diameter of the jacket.
  • the section of the cylinder formed by the inner surface of the side wall 4 is greater than the section of the billet 1.
  • the diameter of the section internal of the liner 2 is approximately equal to 300 mm, while the thickness of its side wall 4 is approximately equal to 20 mm.
  • the liner 2 comprises, and here is made of a mild steel, strong enough for the application for which it is intended. Such a steel is inexpensive, which is preferable because of the destruction to which the jacket 2 is intended. Moreover, it can be recycled, once the shirt 2 destroyed.
  • the liner 2 is formed by welding its cylindrical side wall 4, here mild steel, the bottom 3, here nickel alloy.
  • the piece 1 is inserted into the jacket 2 by its open end.
  • the bottom 3 of the liner 2 comprises a centering footprint 5 of the blank 1.
  • the cover 6 is here made of a nickel alloy.
  • This cover 6 also comprises, on its lower surface, that is to say its surface in contact with the billet 1, a centering footprint 7 of the billet 1. The cover 6 is then held in position by means of a weld 8 made between its upper surface and the inner wall of the liner 2.
  • This weld 8 is not shaped so as to be very strong because it fulfills only a function of holding the lid in position and not sealing; this weld can also be a spot weld.
  • the assembly 9 comprising the billet 1, the sleeve 2 and the lid 6 is thus secured, the weld 8 can be broken by the application of sufficient force.
  • This set 9 is ready to use and can be stored in this waiting. It can also be handled.
  • this temperature can be between 900 ° C and 1200 ° C, for example be of the order of 1100 ° C.
  • the assembly 9 is then placed in a discharge pot 10, made of steel and having a cylindrical housing 11 whose section corresponds to the outer section of the jacket 2.
  • the upsetting pot 10 has also been previously heated, in this case at a temperature of the order of 400 to 500 ° C. It is installed on a hydraulic press, comprising a punch 12 which is supported on the upper surface of the cover 6 of the assembly 9. This punch 12 is movable in vertical translation, driven by a movable upper table of the hydraulic press. Its contact surface with the lid 6 is identical, or slightly smaller in size, to the section of the latter.
  • the operation of upsetting the billet 1 is then implemented.
  • the punch 12 is driven by a conventional hydraulic mechanism of the table of the hydraulic press to be lowered at a predetermined speed and thus exert a stress on the billet 1, in the direction of its length, through the cover 6 which goes down with the punch 12, the weld 8 has been broken by the stress exerted by the punch 12.
  • the billet 1 being at a temperature above its plasticity temperature (but lower than its melting temperature), it follows a plastic deformation of material of lopin 1 which results in a decrease in its length and an increase in its section.
  • the speed of descent of the punch 12 is determined, in cooperation with the choice of the temperature of the material, so as to control the deformation of the material and the evolution of its microstructure. In this case, it is chosen for a nickel-based alloy of the order of 10 mm / sec. This speed can be scalable during the upsetting operation.
  • the diameter of the lid 6 being slightly less than the internal diameter of the liner 2, the air filling the gap between the lopin 1 and the inner wall of the liner 2 is expelled by the interstice between the lid 6 and the liner 2.
  • the enamel on which the lopin 1 is coated provides a triple function, lubricating the device, protection against oxidation and protection between the billet 1 and the jacket 2.
  • the enamel forms a pasty interface which avoids, at the end of upsetting, when the walls of the billet 1 come into contact with the inner wall of the liner 2, that the billet 1 does not weld to this wall.
  • the same function is ensured during the entire upsetting operation at the cover 6 and bottom 3 of the jacket 2.
  • lopin 1 is here repressed.
  • the jacket 2 is not deformed by the operation and provides a contention function of the lopin 1 and barrier, or buffer, thermal between the billet 1 and the upsetting pot 10.
  • the temperature of the billet 1 is not significantly affected.
  • the billet 1 is held centered by the indentations 5, 7 of the bottom 3 of the liner 2 and the lower surface of the lid 6, respectively.
  • impressions 5, 7 can also fulfill a function of preforming the billet 1, and thus be arranged to preform the ends of the billet 1 depending on the shape that will be given to the final part, by new upset and / or stamping and / or forging the billet 1, once the upsetting operation is completed.
  • the upsetting operation is stopped when a certain effort is reached on the billet 1.
  • the billet 1 then fills substantially the entire section of the liner 2, its section having increased and its length having decreased accordingly, since it does not there is no change in volume.
  • the punch 12 is in the low position, as can be seen in FIG. 3.
  • the billet 1 has been corrugated by upsetting.
  • the punch 12 can provide additional pressure maintenance of the assembly, for example for about ten seconds, to ensure that the geometry of the wrought billet is good, especially that the material fills the well. housing assembly 11, including its corners.
  • the assembly 9, lopin 1, the liner 2 and the lid 6 in the low position, with the billet 1 repressed, is then extracted from the crushing pot 10.
  • This operation is performed in any way in fact classic.
  • a jack may for example form the bottom of the housing 11 of the upsetting pot 10 and be driven upwards after the upsetting operation, and the punch 12 having been previously driven upwards, in order to extract the assembly 9 of the housing 11. Any other method of extraction is conceivable.
  • the assembly 9 is then cooled. This can be done simply by letting it cool in the open air. Once a desired temperature is reached, the billet 1 is removed from the jacket 2. Since these two elements have not been welded to one another, this operation is very easy. For example, after having cut the upper portion of the liner 2 above the lid 6, it is possible to make two opposite longitudinal slots, by milling, along the side wall of the liner 2, to put a wedge in order to separate the two wall portions with respect to one another and thus be able to remove the billet 1 from the liner 2.
  • the slot may also be made at the lid 6 or bottom 3 of the liner 2, in order to remove one of these ends, the billet 1 can then freely slide in the direction of its length and out of the liner 2 thus opened.
  • such a slot is generally not necessary because, because of the enamel, the piece 1 is not integral with the bottom 3 or the cover 6.
  • the piece 1 is just then treated to remove what is left of its enamel coating.
  • This treatment can be mechanical, for example by shot blasting or steel wire, or chemical, for example by a soda bath.
  • the billet 1 thus crushed by upsetting can be either reprocessed again by the same process if necessary, or again repressed without being contained, stamped or forged, or several of these operations, in order to obtain the final piece.
  • the separation of the billet 1 from the liner 2 is here facilitated by the difference in the values of the expansion coefficients of the materials used.
  • the volume of a lopin 1 Nickel alloy will be more strongly reduced than that of a steel jacket 2, which creates a gap between the two and facilitates their separation.
  • the extrusion of the slug is well contained, which is advantageous in some applications, for example the extrusion of a relatively small diameter slug from the powder metallurgy. Only the piece is pushed back and it is easily removed from its protective jacket at the end of the process.
  • the wrought piece is obtained without loss of material or additional costs related to a subsequent machining, and thus has a very good surface and a very good metallurgical quality. Different sections of plots can be obtained by adapting the section of the shirt and the crushing pot.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
EP06110122A 2005-02-21 2006-02-17 Procédé de corroyage d'un lopin métallique et ensemble d'une chemise et d'un couvercle pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé Active EP1693127B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0550480A FR2882282B1 (fr) 2005-02-21 2005-02-21 Procede pour le corroyage d'un lopin metallique, chemise pour la mise en oeuvre du procede et ensemble d'une chemise et d'un couvercle pour la mise en oeuvre du procede

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1693127A1 EP1693127A1 (fr) 2006-08-23
EP1693127B1 true EP1693127B1 (fr) 2007-11-14

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EP06110122A Active EP1693127B1 (fr) 2005-02-21 2006-02-17 Procédé de corroyage d'un lopin métallique et ensemble d'une chemise et d'un couvercle pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7841062B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1693127B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP5112637B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN1824426B (zh)
DE (1) DE602006000221T2 (zh)
FR (1) FR2882282B1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2404876C2 (zh)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101233303B1 (ko) * 2004-09-08 2013-02-14 후꾸이 뵤라 가부시끼가이샤 유체 베어링 장치용 축부재 및 그 제조 방법
FR2877244B1 (fr) * 2004-10-29 2008-05-30 Snecma Moteurs Sa Procede de refoulage pour le corroyage d'un lopin metallique procede de preparation d'un lopin a une operation de forgeage selon le procede et dispositif de mise en oeuvre du procede
FR2882282B1 (fr) * 2005-02-21 2008-10-17 Snecma Moteurs Sa Procede pour le corroyage d'un lopin metallique, chemise pour la mise en oeuvre du procede et ensemble d'une chemise et d'un couvercle pour la mise en oeuvre du procede
KR101479437B1 (ko) * 2010-12-28 2015-01-05 히타치 긴조쿠 가부시키가이샤 형타 단조 방법 및 단조품의 제조 방법
CN102172751B (zh) * 2010-12-30 2013-12-11 二重集团(德阳)重型装备股份有限公司 用于锻造边长≥4000mm异形板件的方法
EP3385354A1 (en) 2011-09-30 2018-10-10 Switch Materials, Inc. Diarylethene compounds and uses thereof
JP6135512B2 (ja) * 2012-01-23 2017-05-31 日立金属株式会社 熱間据込鍛造方法
JP6621575B2 (ja) * 2013-08-29 2019-12-18 Ntn株式会社 流体動圧軸受装置用軸部材及びその製造方法
JP6645215B2 (ja) 2016-01-28 2020-02-14 大同特殊鋼株式会社 合金塊の製造方法
CN114700453B (zh) * 2021-12-27 2024-01-26 内蒙古北方重工业集团有限公司 一种受限空间内超大高径比钢锭镦粗的工艺方法

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US2755545A (en) * 1952-07-10 1956-07-24 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Metal working
JPS61206517A (ja) * 1985-03-11 1986-09-12 Nippon Steel Corp 金属材料の熱間加工法
JPH0813003A (ja) * 1994-06-24 1996-01-16 Kubota Corp 金属粉末の熱間成形法
DE19645954A1 (de) * 1996-11-07 1998-05-14 Anton Holzhauer Umformtechnik Verfahren zum Fließpressen eines napfförmigen Teils
EP1025925B1 (de) * 1999-02-02 2002-04-10 Walter Zeller Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Umformung von Metallen
FR2877244B1 (fr) * 2004-10-29 2008-05-30 Snecma Moteurs Sa Procede de refoulage pour le corroyage d'un lopin metallique procede de preparation d'un lopin a une operation de forgeage selon le procede et dispositif de mise en oeuvre du procede
FR2882282B1 (fr) * 2005-02-21 2008-10-17 Snecma Moteurs Sa Procede pour le corroyage d'un lopin metallique, chemise pour la mise en oeuvre du procede et ensemble d'une chemise et d'un couvercle pour la mise en oeuvre du procede

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE602006000221D1 (de) 2007-12-27
US20060185415A1 (en) 2006-08-24
FR2882282A1 (fr) 2006-08-25
JP2006231406A (ja) 2006-09-07
RU2404876C2 (ru) 2010-11-27
RU2006105380A (ru) 2008-02-10
US7841062B2 (en) 2010-11-30
JP5112637B2 (ja) 2013-01-09
DE602006000221T2 (de) 2008-09-18
CN1824426B (zh) 2010-12-08
CN1824426A (zh) 2006-08-30
FR2882282B1 (fr) 2008-10-17
EP1693127A1 (fr) 2006-08-23

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