EP1690607B1 - Method of manufacturing tubes - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1690607B1
EP1690607B1 EP06000555A EP06000555A EP1690607B1 EP 1690607 B1 EP1690607 B1 EP 1690607B1 EP 06000555 A EP06000555 A EP 06000555A EP 06000555 A EP06000555 A EP 06000555A EP 1690607 B1 EP1690607 B1 EP 1690607B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
forming
die
profile
welding
forming press
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Expired - Fee Related
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EP06000555A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1690607A1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Streubel
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Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
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Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
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Publication of EP1690607A1 publication Critical patent/EP1690607A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
    • B21C37/0815—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams without continuous longitudinal movement of the sheet during the bending operation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing pipes according to the measures in the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • DD 276 043 A1 includes a method and an apparatus for producing thin-walled tubes of the prior art.
  • sheet metal blanks are produced by indirect resistance lap welding using a lower die having a semi-circular pipe cross-section, a cylindrical mandrel with a machined copper rail, and two upper dies.
  • a disadvantage of this method is that the forming tool must be held in position during resistance overlap welding by the forming press. The forming press is blocked during the welding process for further forming steps.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a method for producing pipes from sheet metal blanks, in which the throughput of the forming press can be increased.
  • the upper tool and the lower tool with the inner tube profile are locked against each other and are removed in the locked state from the forming press.
  • the forming press is available at this moment for further forming operations.
  • the welding of the longitudinal edges of the pipe profile takes place outside the forming press, but within the forming tool.
  • an opening releasing the longitudinal edges of the pipe profile is provided in the upper tool, through which a welding device engage in the upper tool and can be guided along the longitudinal edges. After welding the longitudinal edges, the upper tool is separated from the lower tool.
  • Upper tool and lower tool are now available for a new forming process.
  • a plurality of sub-tools is provided, which are transported by means of transport between a forming press and a welding station back and forth.
  • a forming press and a welding station back and forth.
  • the subject of claim 3 is that the interlocked upper and lower tools are in turn fed to a forming press after welding of the longitudinal edges of the pipe section to cancel the lock.
  • this may be the same forming press, in which also the lock, that is also the transformation of the sheet metal plate to a tube profile.
  • the opening in the upper tool is closed during the second forming step by a closure bar, so that the opening does not affect the forming process.
  • the closure strip can remain in the forming press even after the removal of the upper tool and consequently engages subsequently used upper tools. This has the advantage that the longitudinal edges can be welded together immediately after removal of the locked forming tool without the opening would have to be additionally exposed.
  • a laser hybrid welding process that is a combination of laser and arc welding is used. While conventional laser welding has its strengths in speed and deep welding, arc welding through the filler material offers advantages in gap inspection and seam width. In the laser hybrid welding process, the positive characteristics of the individual processes are superimposed and lead to a higher efficiency with better quality results. Particularly in the thin sheet metal sector, the welding speed can be increased by up to 500% compared to gas shielded welding alone. A significant advantage of welding the longitudinal edges within the forming tool is that the tolerances of the components are maintained exactly what is absolutely necessary for a laser welding process. Separate devices for component fixing eliminated.
  • Figure 1 shows a forming press 1, in which a sheet metal blank 2 is formed in a first manufacturing step to a U-profile.
  • the sheet metal blank 2 is inserted into a forming tool 5 and pressed by a punch 3 in a U-shaped recess 4 of a lower tool 5.
  • a first forming step a U-profile, which is formed in a further forming step to a tube profile.
  • FIG. 2 shows the subsequent production step.
  • the U-profile of Figure 1 is formed in a further forming press 6 by a moving in the direction of arrow P1 upper tool 7 to a tube profile R.
  • the U-profile is located during the forming process in a lower tool 8.
  • By forming the first parallel extending legs of the U-profile are curved so that their longitudinal edges 9, 10 in the central region of the upper tool 7 are opposite.
  • the upper tool 7 is locked to the lower tool 8 via locking means 11 and removed in the direction of the arrow P2 from the forming press 6.
  • the forming press 6 is now available for a further forming process.
  • the locked forming tool 12 is fed to a welding station, which is illustrated in Figure 3 by a welding head 13.
  • the upper tool is configured such that the welding head 13 can engage in an opening 14 exposing the longitudinal edges 9, 10 of the tubular profile, so that the longitudinal edges 9, 10 can be welded by inserting the welding head 13 in the direction of the arrow P3.
  • the tube profile R is located after the welding process in the still locked forming tool 12, which in turn is supplied to unlock the forming press 6.
  • the unlocked from the lower tool 8 upper tool 7 is raised, so that the Tube profile R can be removed from the lower tool 8.
  • another preformed to a U-profile sheet metal blank 2 is inserted into the open forming tool 12 and formed as described above to form a tubular profile R.
  • closure strip 15 is located during the forming a closure strip 15 within the opening 14.
  • the closure strip 15 is during forming part of the Umformhohlraums and relative to the upper tool 7 relatively displaceable (arrow P4)
  • the closure strip 15 remains in the forming press 6, so that the opening 14 after removal of the forming tool 12 allows immediate access to the longitudinal edges 9, 10 of the tubular profile R.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Rohren gemäß den Maßnahmen im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for producing pipes according to the measures in the preamble of patent claim 1.

Mit der DD 276 043 A1 zählt ein Verfahren sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung dünnwandiger Rohre zum Stand der Technik. In dieser Veröffentlichung wird aufgezeigt, wie dünnwandige Rohre aus Blechzuschnitten mit möglichst geringer Abweichung des Querschnitts von der Kreisform hergestellt werden, ohne dass zusätzliche Fertigungszeiten beanspruchende Arbeitsgänge vor-oder nachgeschaltet werden müssen. Innerhalb der beanspruchten Vorrichtungen werden Blechzuschnitte mittels indirekter Widerstandsüberlappungsschweißung unter Verwendung eines unteren, den Rohrquerschnitt von außen halbkreisförmig umschließenden Formstücks, eines zylindrischen Dorns mit eingearbeiteter Kupferschiene und zwei oberen Formstücken hergestellt. Nachteilig bei diesem Verfahren ist, dass das Umformwerkzeug während des Widerstandsüberlappungsschweißens von der Umformpresse in Position gehalten werden muss. Die Umformpresse ist während des Schweißvorgangs für weitere Umformschritte blockiert.With the DD 276 043 A1 includes a method and an apparatus for producing thin-walled tubes of the prior art. In this publication, it is shown how thin-walled tubes are produced from sheet metal blanks with the least possible deviation of the cross section of the circular shape without additional manufacturing times consuming operations must be preceded or followed. Within the claimed apparatus, sheet metal blanks are produced by indirect resistance lap welding using a lower die having a semi-circular pipe cross-section, a cylindrical mandrel with a machined copper rail, and two upper dies. A disadvantage of this method is that the forming tool must be held in position during resistance overlap welding by the forming press. The forming press is blocked during the welding process for further forming steps.

Hiervon ausgehend liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Rohren aus Blechplatinen aufzuzeigen, bei welchem der Durchsatz der Umformpresse erhöht werden kann.On this basis, the present invention seeks to provide a method for producing pipes from sheet metal blanks, in which the throughput of the forming press can be increased.

Diese Aufgabe ist bei dem Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved in the method with the features of claim 1.

Wesentlich ist, dass das Oberwerkzeug und das Unterwerkzeug mit dem innen liegenden Rohrprofil gegeneinander verriegelt werden und im verriegelten Zustand aus der Umformpresse entnommen werden. Die Umformpresse steht in diesem Moment für weitere Umformvorgänge zur Verfügung. Das Verschweißen der Längskanten des Rohrprofils erfolgt außerhalb der Umformpresse, allerdings innerhalb des Umformwerkzeugs. Hierzu ist im Oberwerkzeug eine die Längskanten des Rohrprofils freigebende Öffnung vorgesehen, durch welche eine Schweißeinrichtung in das Oberwerkzeug eingreifen und entlang der Längskanten geführt werden kann. Nach dem Verschweißen der Längskanten wird das Oberwerkzeug von dem Unterwerkzeug getrennt. Oberwerkzeug und Unterwerkzeug stehen nun für einen erneuten Umformvorgang zur Verfügung.It is essential that the upper tool and the lower tool with the inner tube profile are locked against each other and are removed in the locked state from the forming press. The forming press is available at this moment for further forming operations. The welding of the longitudinal edges of the pipe profile takes place outside the forming press, but within the forming tool. For this purpose, an opening releasing the longitudinal edges of the pipe profile is provided in the upper tool, through which a welding device engage in the upper tool and can be guided along the longitudinal edges. After welding the longitudinal edges, the upper tool is separated from the lower tool. Upper tool and lower tool are now available for a new forming process.

In der Ausführungsform des Patentanspruchs 2 ist vorgesehen, dass eine Mehrzahl von Unterwerkzeugen bereitgestellt wird, die über Transportmittel zwischen einer Umformpresse und einer Schweißstation hin und her transportiert werden. Grundsätzlich ist es auch möglich, mehrere Schweißstationen vorzusehen, wenn der Ausstoß der Umformpresse wesentlich höher ist als das Leistungsvermögen der Schweißstation. Grundsätzlich wird angestrebt, die Taktzyklen zu synchronisieren, um die Produktivität zu optimieren.In the embodiment of claim 2 it is provided that a plurality of sub-tools is provided, which are transported by means of transport between a forming press and a welding station back and forth. In principle, it is also possible to provide several welding stations if the output of the forming press is substantially higher than the performance of the welding station. Basically, it is desired to synchronize the clock cycles to optimize productivity.

Gegenstand des Patentanspruchs 3 ist, dass die gegeneinander verriegelten Ober- und Unterwerkzeuge nach dem Verschweißen der Längskanten des Rohrprofils wiederum einer Umformpresse zugeführt werden, um die Verriegelung aufzuheben. In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung gemäß Patentanspruch 4 kann es sich hierbei um dieselbe Umformpresse handeln, in welcher auch die Verriegelung, das heißt auch die Umformung der Blechplatine zu einem Rohrprofil erfolgt. Eine separate Station zum Entriegeln und zum Entnehmen der längsnahtgeschweißten Rohrprofile entfällt. Nach dem Entriegeln und der Entnahme des Rohrprofils steht das Umformwerkzeug unmittelbar für eine weitere Umformung zur Verfügung. Die Öffnung im Oberwerkzeug wird während des zweiten Umformschritts durch eine Verschlussleiste geschlossen, so dass die Öffnung den Umformvorgang nicht beeinträchtigt. Die Verschlussleiste kann auch nach der Entnahme des Oberwerkzeugs in der Umformpresse verbleiben und greift folglich in nachfolgend eingesetzte Oberwerkzeuge ein. Das hat den Vorteil, dass die Längskanten unmittelbar nach der Entnahme des verriegelten Umformwerkzeugs miteinander verschweißt werden können, ohne dass die Öffnung zusätzlich freigelegt werden müsste.The subject of claim 3 is that the interlocked upper and lower tools are in turn fed to a forming press after welding of the longitudinal edges of the pipe section to cancel the lock. In an advantageous embodiment according to claim 4, this may be the same forming press, in which also the lock, that is also the transformation of the sheet metal plate to a tube profile. A separate station for unlocking and removing the longitudinally welded pipe profiles deleted. After unlocking and removing the tube profile, the forming tool is immediately available for further forming. The opening in the upper tool is closed during the second forming step by a closure bar, so that the opening does not affect the forming process. The closure strip can remain in the forming press even after the removal of the upper tool and consequently engages subsequently used upper tools. This has the advantage that the longitudinal edges can be welded together immediately after removal of the locked forming tool without the opening would have to be additionally exposed.

Vorzugsweise kommt ein Laser-Hybridschweißverfahren, das heißt eine Kombination aus Laser- und Lichtbogenschweißen zum Einsatz. Während konventionelles Laserschweißen seine Stärken bei Geschwindigkeit- und Tiefschweißen hat, bietet das Lichtbogenschweißen durch den Zusatzwerkstoff Vorteile bei der Spaltüberprüfung und Nahtbreite. Beim Laser-Hybridschweißverfahren werden die positiven Eigenschaften der Einzelverfahren überlagert und führen zu einer höheren Effizienz bei besseren Qualitätsergebnissen. Insbesondere im Dünnblechbereich kann im Vergleich zum alleinigen Schutzgasschweißen die Schweißgeschwindigkeit um bis zu 500 % gesteigert werden. Ein wesentlicher Vorteil des Verschweißens der Längskanten innerhalb des Umformwerkzeugs ist es, dass die Toleranzen der Bauteile exakt eingehalten werden, was für ein Laserschweißverfahren zwingend notwendig ist. Separate Vorrichtungen zur Bauteilfixierung entfallen.Preferably, a laser hybrid welding process, that is a combination of laser and arc welding is used. While conventional laser welding has its strengths in speed and deep welding, arc welding through the filler material offers advantages in gap inspection and seam width. In the laser hybrid welding process, the positive characteristics of the individual processes are superimposed and lead to a higher efficiency with better quality results. Particularly in the thin sheet metal sector, the welding speed can be increased by up to 500% compared to gas shielded welding alone. A significant advantage of welding the longitudinal edges within the forming tool is that the tolerances of the components are maintained exactly what is absolutely necessary for a laser welding process. Separate devices for component fixing eliminated.

Selbstverständlich können grundsätzlich auch andere Schweißverfahren, wie z.B. MAG, WIG, Laser-, Elektroden-, Plasma- oder Plasma-Hybridschweißverfahren zum Einsatz kommen.Of course, other welding methods, such as e.g. MAG, TIG, laser, electrode, plasma or plasma hybrid welding process are used.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines in schematischen Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
die Vorformung einer Blechplatine zu einem U-Profil;
Figur 2
die weitere Umformung eines U-Profils zu einem Rohrprofil und
Figur 3
das Verschweißen der Längskanten des Rohrprofils in einer Schweißstation.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in schematic drawings. Show it:
FIG. 1
the preforming of a sheet metal blank to a U-profile;
FIG. 2
the further transformation of a U-profile to a tube profile and
FIG. 3
the welding of the longitudinal edges of the pipe profile in a welding station.

Figur 1 zeigt eine Umformpresse 1, in welcher eine Blechplatine 2 in einem ersten Fertigungsschritt zu einem U-Profil umgeformt wird. Hierzu wird die Blechplatine 2 in ein Umformwerkzeug 5 eingelegt und von einem Stempel 3 in eine U-förmige Ausnehmung 4 eines Unterwerkzeugs 5 gepresst. Dadurch entsteht in einem ersten Umformschritt ein U-Profil, das in einem weiteren Umformschritt zu einem Rohrprofil umgeformt wird.Figure 1 shows a forming press 1, in which a sheet metal blank 2 is formed in a first manufacturing step to a U-profile. For this purpose, the sheet metal blank 2 is inserted into a forming tool 5 and pressed by a punch 3 in a U-shaped recess 4 of a lower tool 5. This results in a first forming step, a U-profile, which is formed in a further forming step to a tube profile.

Figur 2 zeigt den nachfolgenden Fertigungsschritt. Das U-Profil der Figur 1 wird in einer weiteren Umformpresse 6 durch ein sich in Richtung des Pfeils P1 bewegendes Oberwerkzeug 7 zu einem Rohrprofil R umgeformt. Das U-Profil befindet sich während des Umformvorgangs in einem Unterwerkzeug 8. Durch die Umformung werden die zunächst parallel verlaufenden Schenkel des U-Profils gekrümmt, so dass sich ihre Längskanten 9, 10 im mittleren Bereich des Oberwerkzeugs 7 gegenüber liegen. Im geschlossenen Zustand des Umformwerkzeugs wird das Oberwerkzeug 7 mit dem Unterwerkzeug 8 über Verriegelungsmittel 11 verriegelt und in Richtung des Pfeils P2 aus der Umformpresse 6 entfernt. Die Umformpresse 6 steht nun für einen weiteren Umformvorgang zur Verfügung. Das verriegelte Umformwerkzeug 12 wird einer Schweißstation zugeführt, die in Figur 3 durch einen Schweißkopf 13 verdeutlicht ist. Das Oberwerkzeug ist so konfiguriert, dass der Schweißkopf 13 in eine die Längskanten 9, 10 des Rohrprofils frei gebende Öffnung 14 eingreifen kann, so dass die Längskanten 9, 10 durch Einführung des Schweißkopfs 13 in Richtung des Pfeils P3 verschweißt werden können. Das Rohrprofil R befindet sich nach dem Schweißvorgang in dem noch immer verriegelten Umformwerkzeug 12, das zum Entriegeln wiederum der Umformpresse 6 zugeführt wird. Das von dem Unterwerkzeug 8 entriegelte Oberwerkzeug 7 wird angehoben, so dass das Rohrprofil R aus dem Unterwerkzeug 8 entnommen werden kann. Anschließend wird, wie in Figur 2 dargestellt, eine weitere zu einem U-Profil vorgeformte Blechplatine 2 in das geöffnete Umformwerkzeug 12 eingesetzt und wie vorstehend beschrieben zu einem Rohrprofil R umgeformt.FIG. 2 shows the subsequent production step. The U-profile of Figure 1 is formed in a further forming press 6 by a moving in the direction of arrow P1 upper tool 7 to a tube profile R. The U-profile is located during the forming process in a lower tool 8. By forming the first parallel extending legs of the U-profile are curved so that their longitudinal edges 9, 10 in the central region of the upper tool 7 are opposite. In the closed state of the forming tool, the upper tool 7 is locked to the lower tool 8 via locking means 11 and removed in the direction of the arrow P2 from the forming press 6. The forming press 6 is now available for a further forming process. The locked forming tool 12 is fed to a welding station, which is illustrated in Figure 3 by a welding head 13. The upper tool is configured such that the welding head 13 can engage in an opening 14 exposing the longitudinal edges 9, 10 of the tubular profile, so that the longitudinal edges 9, 10 can be welded by inserting the welding head 13 in the direction of the arrow P3. The tube profile R is located after the welding process in the still locked forming tool 12, which in turn is supplied to unlock the forming press 6. The unlocked from the lower tool 8 upper tool 7 is raised, so that the Tube profile R can be removed from the lower tool 8. Subsequently, as shown in Figure 2, another preformed to a U-profile sheet metal blank 2 is inserted into the open forming tool 12 and formed as described above to form a tubular profile R.

Wie in Figur 2 zu erkennen ist, befindet sich während des Umformvorgangs eine Verschlussleiste 15 innerhalb der Öffnung 14. Die Verschlussleiste 15 ist während der Umformung Bestandteil des Umformhohlraums und ist gegenüber dem Oberwerkzeug 7 relativ verlagerbar (Pfeil P4) Die Verschlussleiste 15 verbleibt in der Umformpresse 6, so dass die Öffnung 14 nach der Entnahme des Umformwerkzeugs 12 unmittelbar den Zugriff auf die Längskanten 9, 10 des Rohrprofils R ermöglicht.As can be seen in Figure 2, is located during the forming a closure strip 15 within the opening 14. The closure strip 15 is during forming part of the Umformhohlraums and relative to the upper tool 7 relatively displaceable (arrow P4) The closure strip 15 remains in the forming press 6, so that the opening 14 after removal of the forming tool 12 allows immediate access to the longitudinal edges 9, 10 of the tubular profile R.

Bezugszeichen:Reference numerals:

1 -1 -
Umformpresseforming press
2 -2 -
Blechplatinesheet metal blank
3 -3 -
Stempelstamp
4 -4 -
U-förmige Ausnehmung in 5U-shaped recess in FIG. 5
5 -5 -
Unterwerkzeuglower tool
6 -6 -
Umformpresseforming press
7 -7 -
Oberwerkzeug v. 12Upper tool v. 12
8 -8th -
Unterwerkzeug v. 12Lower tool v. 12
9 -9 -
Längskante v. 2Longitudinal edge v. 2
10 -10 -
Längskante v. 2Longitudinal edge v. 2
11 -11 -
Verriegelungsmittel zw. 7 u. 8Locking means zw. 7 u. 8th
12 -12 -
Umformwerkzeugforming tool
13 -13 -
Schweißkopfwelding head
14 -14 -
Öffnung in 7Opening in 7
15 -15 -
Verschlussleistesealing strip
P1 -P1 -
Pfeilarrow
P2 -P2 -
Pfeilarrow
P3 -P3 -
Pfeilarrow
P4 -P4 -
Pfeilarrow
R -R -
Rohrprofiltube profile

Claims (6)

  1. Method of manufacturing tubes, in which a steel sheet billet (2) is placed into a forming die (5) and is pressed by a punch (3) into a U-shaped recess (4) of a first lower die (5) and, in a first forming step, is preshaped to form a U-profile and, in a second forming step, is formed between an upper die (7) and a second lower die (8) in a forming press (6) into a tube profile (R), characterized in that the upper die (7) and the second lower die (8) are locked to each other with the tube profile (R) situated on the inside, are removed in the locked state from the forming press (6) and subsequently the longitudinal edges (9, 10) of the tube profile (R) are welded to each other through an opening (14), which exposes the longitudinal edges (9, 10), in the upper die (7), and subsequently the upper die (7) is separated from the second lower die (8) and made available for a new forming operation.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of upper and second lower dies (7, 8) is provided, which dies are transported to and fro between the forming press (6) and a welding station via transporting means.
  3. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the upper and second lower dies (7, 8) which are locked to one another are supplied to a forming press to unlock them.
  4. Method according to Claim 3, characterized in that the locking and the unlocking of upper and second lower die (7, 8) take place in the same forming press (6).
  5. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the opening (14) in the upper die (7) is closed during the second forming step.
  6. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the longitudinal edges (9, 10) are connected to each other by a laser hybrid welding process.
EP06000555A 2005-02-11 2006-01-12 Method of manufacturing tubes Expired - Fee Related EP1690607B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005006578A DE102005006578B3 (en) 2005-02-11 2005-02-11 Production of tubes comprises locking an upper tool and a lower tool together with the tube profile lying inward, removing from the deformation press in the locked state, welding the longitudinal edges together and further processing

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1690607A1 EP1690607A1 (en) 2006-08-16
EP1690607B1 true EP1690607B1 (en) 2007-07-11

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EP (1) EP1690607B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102005006578B3 (en)
ES (1) ES2288749T3 (en)

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CN103495627B (en) * 2013-09-24 2016-04-13 中国人民解放军总参谋部工程兵科研三所 The processing technology of cylinder type foamed aluminium

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US7350386B2 (en) 2008-04-01
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US20070045236A1 (en) 2007-03-01
DE102005006578B3 (en) 2006-03-16

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