EP1673521A1 - Schallabsorber - Google Patents
SchallabsorberInfo
- Publication number
- EP1673521A1 EP1673521A1 EP04789973A EP04789973A EP1673521A1 EP 1673521 A1 EP1673521 A1 EP 1673521A1 EP 04789973 A EP04789973 A EP 04789973A EP 04789973 A EP04789973 A EP 04789973A EP 1673521 A1 EP1673521 A1 EP 1673521A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sound absorber
- sound
- absorber according
- regions
- different
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/24—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using sound-absorbing materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/161—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general in systems with fluid flow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2310/00—Selection of sound absorbing or insulating material
- F01N2310/06—Porous ceramics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2310/00—Selection of sound absorbing or insulating material
- F01N2310/12—Granular material
Definitions
- this object is achieved with a sound absorber which has the features of claim 1.
- Advantageous configurations and further training fertilize the invention can be achieved with the features indicated in the subordinate claims.
- the sound absorber according to the invention is essentially formed from hollow spheres, the actual shells of which are formed from an inorganic material, such as a metal, a metal alloy or also a ceramic. There are areas in which such hollow spheres are integrally connected.
- the connections can have been formed by means of an adhesion promoter, by soldering or combined.
- the cohesive connections can preferably be formed punctually between adjacent hollow spheres, so that free spaces then remain between adjacent hollow spheres.
- hollow spheres can also be present as a loose bed on a sound absorber according to the invention.
- Such a sound absorber is characterized in that, with regard to the achievable sound absorption, different areas are arranged laterally one after the other in relation to the flow direction of a fluid. Such areas can also be arranged next to one another, in which case the sound waves can strike the surfaces of these differently designed areas. Angles of incidence between 0 and 90 ° are possible
- Sound waves should hit the surfaces of at least several areas at the same time. The latter is especially true for stationary media.
- the respective width of these areas should be smaller than the smallest sound wavelength, preferably smaller than ⁇ / 4.
- a surface of the sound absorber may have surface contouring as a result of the different thicknesses of regions.
- Such a surface can be wave-shaped, sawtooth-shaped, meandering. Irregular elevations and corresponding depressions, with different heights and depths, can preferably be present on such a surface contour.
- the surface of a sound absorber opposite a contoured surface can also be contoured, but can also be designed as a flat surface.
- a flat surface is also to be understood as a surface whose surface properties, the respective hollow spheres are taken into account, that is to say a certain degree of roughness is permissible.
- the areas of a sound absorber can also be formed laterally one after the other from different hollow spheres. This applies to the outside diameter, shell thickness, porosity, materials and / or the respective material connection.
- a layer area can also be formed from a loose bed of hollow spheres.
- the hollow spheres which are not connected to one another should then be covered at least from one side by means of a layer region which is formed from hollow spheres which are integrally connected to one another for stabilization.
- a sound absorber can also consist of several their sound absorption effect different individual elements arranged one after the other are formed, which can be connected to each other but need not.
- annular, truncated cone-shaped and / or with an inner cone through which the respective gas can flow in the longitudinal direction of the sound absorber.
- Such internally hollow elements can, however, also have an inner convex or concave surface, which the respective gas can flow past.
- Such elements can have different wall thicknesses, cone or cone angles, different widths. But they can also have different widths.
- sound absorbers can be assembled modularly and adapted for different applications.
- a sound absorber tuned to a certain frequency spectrum can be made available in a modular manner, which is certainly advantageous for individual use or small series or retrofitting.
- Openings can also be formed on a sound absorber or a plurality of areas of a sound absorber, through which sound waves pass and where appropriate can strike a correspondingly arranged reflecting element.
- a reflecting element can also be formed and can be arranged discretely to one another at this “gaps” or openings.
- the dimensioning, shape and arrangement of such cavities (“gaps") or openings can be optimized taking into account selected sound wavelengths.
- At least one sound reflecting element can also be present on a sound absorber according to the invention.
- Such an element can be integrated in the sound absorber, so that it is enclosed on both sides by hollow spheres.
- a reflecting element can have a flat surface and the hollow spheres can be layered in different thicknesses in regions.
- a reflective element designed in a different form in this form For example, a stepped, corrugated, sawtooth-shaped or meandering element can be used, so that locally different thicknesses / spacings from hollow spheres to outer surfaces that are in contact with the respective gas flow result.
- a reflective element can, however, also be arranged at a distance from the actual sound absorber on one side, which is preferably not in contact with the gas flow.
- a gap can be formed between the sound absorber and the reflecting element.
- the respective gap distance does not have to be constant, rather it is often favorable to provide for a changing gap distance between the reflecting element and the sound absorber. This can be achieved by a corresponding shape of a reflecting element and / or the surface of the sound absorber opposite the reflecting element, the shapes already mentioned elsewhere also being suitable here.
- reflecting elements can also be a plurality of individual parts arranged discretely to one another.
- a reflection effect can also be achieved by means of interfaces within a sound absorber.
- Such interfaces separate layer areas of the sound absorber with higher from layer areas with significantly lower sound velocity.
- Such interfaces can have different distances from the outer surfaces of the sound absorber, in particular from surfaces that are in contact with the fluid in the lateral direction.
- Interferences can also be used advantageously in the case of deliberately caused reflections of sound waves by means as explained in advance.
- one or more areas can also have been mechanically compressed.
- a compressive force can be exerted locally and a compression of hollow spheres can be achieved.
- surfaces of areas can also be machined, as a result of which surface contours are deliberately formed and / or shells of hollow spheres are partially removed.
- different sound velocities and characteristic impedances can be set in specific areas by the respective hollow sphere structures.
- the completely spherical spherical shape can also be replaced by a rounded cylindrical or elliptical shape, at least within areas of a sound absorber.
- Another parameter is the specific surface within areas, which in addition to the cavity volume, the wall thickness of the shells, the porosity, the formation of the surface of the balls in a more or less roughened form can also play a role.
- Figure 1 shows an example of a sound absorber
- Figure 2 shows an example with an integrated reflective element
- Figure 3a shows an example with differently designed areas
- Figure 3b an example with differently designed areas with a different orientation
- Figure 4 shows an example with a contoured surface.
- a plurality of regions 1.1 to 1N were used on a sound absorber and arranged one after the other in the direction of flow of the gas.
- the individual areas 1.1 to IN are each shown in part in white and in the other part in black.
- the two differently colored parts each form layer areas of one of the areas 1.1 to 1N, each with a different speed of sound and characteristic impedance.
- the thicknesses of the layer areas are in the Ranges 1.1 to lN different. So that in each area 1.1 to 1N the path covers the sound waves through the layer areas shown in white until it strikes the interface with the respective black layer area is of different sizes.
- the interface has a sound-reflecting effect.
- the layer regions shown in black can also be compact, that is, they cannot be formed from hollow spheres, so that they can also represent a reflective element.
- the widths of the individual areas 1.1 to 1N seen in the direction of flow can also be of different sizes, which cannot be readily derived from the illustration in FIG. 1.
- a reflecting element 2 has been integrated into this.
- a fluid can flow along two opposing surfaces and sound waves can fall on the surfaces again, as indicated by the arrows, at an obliquely inclined angle.
- the reflective element 2 is shaped here in such a way that in the different areas 1.1 to IN there are different distances between the outer surfaces, which the sound waves directly hit, and the reflective element 2. Accordingly, the sound travels a different long path within the areas 1.1 to 1N until it is reflected, so that, assuming a constant speed of sound in all areas 1.1 to 1N, a differently long time for the sound waves to travel through an entire layer area or to reflect back Sound waves reach the surface again.
- FIGS. 3a and 3b show examples with areas 1.1 to 1N, each of which also have more than two layer areas. The number, the arrangement and the thickness of the layer areas in the areas 1.1 to 1N are different.
- the areas 1.1 to 1N have layer areas with different sound velocities. These layer areas can be formed from mutually different hollow spheres or hollow sphere composites. The size and arrangement of the actual cavities in the layer areas can be of different sizes.
- the hollow spheres are firmly bonded to one another in regions 1.1 to 1N or hollow spheres are present as a loose bed in layer regions.
- the arrangement of the regions 1.1 to IN with the respective layer regions has been chosen to be the same. Only the alignment of the areas 1.1 to 1N at an obliquely inclined angle against the direction of incidence of sound waves represents a difference that leads to an extension of the possible path for sound waves through such an area leads to the opposite surface. In addition, at interfaces suitable for sound wave reflection at adjacent regions 1.1 to 1N, such reflections can be used for increased absorption.
- FIG. 4 uses areas 1.1 to 1N, which are arranged on a flat, flat carrier, which represents a reflecting element 2.
- the regions 1.1 to 1N formed from hollow spheres each have different thicknesses, so that there is a contoured surface on which the sound waves strike. The sound waves must then cover different distances in the areas 1.1 to 1N until they reach the reflecting surface of the reflecting element 2.
- reflective element 2 and regions 1.1 to 1N can be directly connected to one another or be in touching contact.
- FIG. 4 also indicates a possibility for an advantageous design of sound absorbers in the areas 1.6 and 1.8.
- the surfaces hit the sound waves are oriented at an obliquely inclined angle. This means that the surface hits the sound waves and the angle of incidence is increased. The refraction and reflection of the sound waves incident there change in particular through an enlarged angle of incidence.
- Such inclined surfaces can be present in all areas 1.1 to 1N or only in a few selected areas.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Golf Clubs (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10347226A DE10347226B3 (de) | 2003-10-06 | 2003-10-06 | Schallabsorber |
| PCT/DE2004/002269 WO2005035950A1 (de) | 2003-10-06 | 2004-10-06 | Schallabsorber |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1673521A1 true EP1673521A1 (de) | 2006-06-28 |
| EP1673521B1 EP1673521B1 (de) | 2008-08-20 |
Family
ID=34428312
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04789973A Expired - Lifetime EP1673521B1 (de) | 2003-10-06 | 2004-10-06 | Schallabsorber |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1673521B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE405730T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10347226B3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2005035950A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115050347B (zh) * | 2022-07-12 | 2025-06-03 | 合肥美的电冰箱有限公司 | 消音器 |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE518048C (de) * | 1928-11-30 | 1931-02-11 | Christine Appelt Geb Schwickar | Schalldaempfer fuer Brennkraftmaschinen |
| US2043731A (en) * | 1936-02-17 | 1936-06-09 | Maxim Silencer Co | Sound attenuating device |
| CA1027002A (en) * | 1974-08-30 | 1978-02-28 | Horst W.W. Hehmann | Phased treatment noise suppressor for acoustic duct applications |
| DE3440747A1 (de) * | 1984-11-08 | 1986-05-07 | Honeywell-Elac-Nautik Gmbh, 2300 Kiel | Akustischer daemmkoerper, insbesondere fuer unterwasser-schallanlagen |
| US5777947A (en) * | 1995-03-27 | 1998-07-07 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Apparatuses and methods for sound absorption using hollow beads loosely contained in an enclosure |
| DE19949271B4 (de) * | 1999-10-12 | 2005-08-18 | Zeuna-Stärker GmbH & Co KG | Schalldämpfer für die Abgasanlage eines durch einen Verbrennungsmotor angetriebenen Kraftfahrzeugs |
-
2003
- 2003-10-06 DE DE10347226A patent/DE10347226B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-10-06 EP EP04789973A patent/EP1673521B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-10-06 WO PCT/DE2004/002269 patent/WO2005035950A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2004-10-06 DE DE502004007914T patent/DE502004007914D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-10-06 AT AT04789973T patent/ATE405730T1/de active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2005035950A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1673521B1 (de) | 2008-08-20 |
| DE502004007914D1 (de) | 2008-10-02 |
| ATE405730T1 (de) | 2008-09-15 |
| WO2005035950A1 (de) | 2005-04-21 |
| DE10347226B3 (de) | 2005-05-25 |
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