EP1664921A2 - Procede de fabrication d'un support pour la reproduction d'une representation en trois dimensions - Google Patents

Procede de fabrication d'un support pour la reproduction d'une representation en trois dimensions

Info

Publication number
EP1664921A2
EP1664921A2 EP04762726A EP04762726A EP1664921A2 EP 1664921 A2 EP1664921 A2 EP 1664921A2 EP 04762726 A EP04762726 A EP 04762726A EP 04762726 A EP04762726 A EP 04762726A EP 1664921 A2 EP1664921 A2 EP 1664921A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lens
film
lenses
arrangement
image
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04762726A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Felix Von Laffert-Kobylinski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1664921A2 publication Critical patent/EP1664921A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G02B3/005—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses arranged along a single direction only, e.g. lenticular sheets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/34—Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers
    • G02B30/36—Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers using refractive optical elements, e.g. prisms, in the optical path between the images and the observer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G02B3/0062—Stacked lens arrays, i.e. refractive surfaces arranged in at least two planes, without structurally separate optical elements in-between
    • G02B3/0068—Stacked lens arrays, i.e. refractive surfaces arranged in at least two planes, without structurally separate optical elements in-between arranged in a single integral body or plate, e.g. laminates or hybrid structures with other optical elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a medium for real and virtual reproduction of real or calculated three-dimensional arrangements and a method for producing a medium for real or virtual reproduction of real or calculated three-dimensional arrangements.
  • the invention also relates to a device for producing a
  • Three-dimensional representations are known in which a print is provided with a lens arrangement, so that the viewer can thus only view the print through the lens arrangement.
  • These lenses are usually arranged as cylindrical lenses in the longitudinal direction over the entire length of the medium and, depending on the viewing angle, lead to the viewer also perceiving different image information when looking from different angles. With such an image, different effects, for example a person in different positions, a three-dimensional effect or different images can be displayed.
  • the object of the present invention is to create a method for producing an improved three-dimensional representation with additional effects and a device for this, and also to enable a simplified recording of 3D arrangements.
  • this object is achieved in that an image is produced by exposing a film provided with lens arrangements through the lenses.
  • the medium produced in this way has the advantage that when viewing the film with the associated lens arrangement, a three-dimensional image becomes visible which is stationary relative to the medium being represented.
  • a film provided with lens arrangements is also understood to mean a lens arrangement which is provided with a film or with a layer with light-sensitive particles.
  • Adjustment between film and lenses is not necessary because they no longer need to be aligned with each other, but are immediately recorded accordingly.
  • real arrangements that is to say, for example three-dimensional images themselves, negative hollow images or 3D arrangements, can be recorded in the form of data and displayed on a film provided with lens arrangements.
  • a three-dimensional image becomes visible with which completely new effects can be achieved, e.g.
  • a 3D arrangement or a negative hollow image is received.
  • a negative hollow image is recorded and a three-dimensional image is produced, or a 3D arrangement is recorded and a negative hollow image is produced.
  • this film shows a negative hollow image of this 3D arrangement. That is, the film is a black and white or color negative due to the development and you can see this negative because of the lens arrangement in the form of a hollow image. With a hollow image, all spatial relationships are reversed.
  • hollow image is again spatially normal.
  • holography is the image that you see when you look at a transmission hologram from behind.
  • a first film provided with lens arrangements is exposed and developed into a negative and that in a second process step a picture is taken of the first film is produced by exposing a second film provided with lens arrangements.
  • a three-dimensional image is recorded from a first three-dimensional image.
  • the first film is developed into a negative and is imaged on the second film by means of the lenses applied to the two films, whereupon the second film is developed into a positive and viewed through its lens arrangement.
  • an exposure arrangement displays the individual images of a three-dimensional representation or a negative hollow image one after the other and these are recorded by means of multiple exposure.
  • each enlarged, calculated individual image of an SD representation or a negative hollow image is displayed on the screen of the exposure arrangement and is imaged on the film via the lens of the exposure arrangement and the lenses of the lens arrangement.
  • a moving scene can be recorded by changing the exposure by using an otherwise opaque film a translucent strip is moved spaced over the film. During the movement, the translucent strip is moved along where the viewer is supposed to move when the scene is finished after the picture has been taken, especially since the relative positions are retained in the three-dimensional display.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the invention provides that a film which can be developed from the side remote from the lens is used, or light-sensitive particles applied directly or indirectly to the side of the medium remote from the lens.
  • a spatial image reversal is prevented by assigning one or more retroreflector sheeting (s) and a semi-transparent mirror to the film provided with lens arrangements.
  • the use of positive-developing film material is thus possible, and advantageously leads to the fact that a 3D positive can be produced directly without a 3D negative hollow image being formed as an intermediate product.
  • the object according to the invention is also achieved by a method for producing the above-mentioned device by gluing two or more lens layers to one another by means of adhesive under vacuum and / or mechanical pressure.
  • This method enables a particularly good relative positioning of the individual lens layers. This ensures good optical quality.
  • the lens layers are brought into optical contact and stably connected to one another.
  • a variant of the invention provides that partitions are burned into the material by means of laser light.
  • the simple one is advantageous here
  • the partitions do not have to be an additional one Component mechanically connected to the lenses, but can be burned into the lens layers after production.
  • Lens layers are made. This method enables an aperture diaphragm to be easily manufactured within a lens.
  • the construction of an aperture diaphragm within a lens in the form of a separate component would be much more complex in terms of production technology and therefore disadvantageous.
  • a precisely defined dimension of the aperture diaphragm can only be produced if the diffusion process no longer continues. This is achieved by stopping the diffusion of the dye thermally or by means of UV light.
  • the physical and / or chemical properties of the dye are selected so that it can diffuse particularly well into a certain lens layer, but less well into neighboring lens layers. This can prevent certain areas from being undesirably colored.
  • cutouts are etched into the lenses of a lens layer. This enables e.g. pouring an aperture diaphragm layer, the aperture diaphragms then being located wholly or partially within the lenses. As an alternative, there would also be space for the adhesive, which can take up enough space in these recesses in a transparent version to form aperture diaphragms there.
  • a transparent photographic film is glued to a lens layer on the carrier material side by means of adhesive under vacuum and / or mechanical pressure, and that photosensitive particles are applied directly or indirectly to a lens layer.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved by a device, the device for receiving a medium for real or virtual reproduction with a film to be exposed, the film being provided with a lens arrangement and with the lenses for recording as a lens and for reproduction serve as an eyepiece.
  • This device is e.g. Suitable for recording 3D scenes and displaying them with limited resolution and limited viewing angle.
  • a natural 3D scene or a calculated three-dimensional arrangement is recorded on a first film with a lens arrangement.
  • the first film is developed. While the first film is illuminated from behind, the second film is exposed and then developed.
  • the viewer is offered a real or virtual image that is located exactly where the negative-hollow image of the first recording arrangement was located relative to the second recording arrangement during the second recording.
  • This three-dimensional image is closer to the viewer by the distance between the lenses from the first and from the second film than the scene to be recorded was at the first shot away from the lenses of the first film.
  • Another advantage of the spaced arrangement of the films is that the films can be developed and fixed from behind without the lens arrangements having to be separated from the films. This avoids image distortion caused by swelling of the film and difficulties in adjusting the
  • the lenses of the lens arrangement have a square or hexagonal shape.
  • the lenses should have a size of about 0.1 to 10 mm, depending on the viewing distance. At an intended viewing distance of 30-50 cm, for example, the lenses should have a diameter of approximately 0.3 mm have, since the viewing angle through which a lens is seen corresponds to the angular resolution, which is also determined by the lens diameter. It is conceivable that the lenses are arranged in the form of a lens matrix.
  • domed focal plane lenses can be used.
  • the image may jump, so that the image information belonging to the neighboring lens is seen.
  • the film part behind a lens should not receive any light through the neighboring lenses during the exposure. Partitions are therefore provided between the lenses. These should expediently be black or of a different color and have the smallest possible wall thickness.
  • the above-mentioned use of the partition walls can also be achieved by assigning a lens to the lens, which has an angle of incidence-dependent transparency that rises sharply within a few, preferably less than 5 degrees, including at least a 3-fold increase, if possible, however is understood 10 to 20 times.
  • a lens could, for example, be constructed from a large number of tubes, the axis of which is parallel to the disk normal.
  • the focal length In order to be able to see the three-dimensional image from a larger viewing angle, the focal length must be shortened relative to the lens diameter. However, this reduces the angular resolution, but the size of the diffraction disk remains constant. For this reason, it is proposed that gas or liquid be provided between the lenses and the film, so that the lens as a biconcave lens with two refractive elements
  • Interfaces can be executed.
  • One possible gas is air.
  • lens systems can also be used, which in a sense are the Take over the function of a wide-angle lens.
  • a lens material with the highest possible refractive index also ensures a short relative focal length.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the invention provides that aperture diaphragms or LCD closures are provided in the beam path of the lenses in order to possibly mask out marginal rays in order to control the exposure time.
  • a particularly sharp image can be made possible in that the aperture diaphragms are arranged entirely or partially within the lenses.
  • the positioning of the aperture diaphragms is more freely selectable and gives the improved possibility of choosing which omnidirectional rays of which different light-refracting surfaces are masked out. This makes it possible to optimize the optical quality.
  • the resolving power of the lens or lens is due to the
  • the aperture diaphragm consists of a material whose degree of transparency is location-dependent or that the lenses or the surfaces of the lenses have a graduated transparency.
  • the diffraction rings around the diffraction disk can thus be reduced.
  • the adhesive that bonds individual lens layers to one another has limited transparency and thus forms aperture diaphragms. Where the adhesive forms a thicker layer, it lets little light through; where the adhesive forms a thinner layer, it lets a lot of light through.
  • the correction film is expediently lighter on the outside and darker on the inside in order to be able to correct the intensity.
  • the lens layers have precisely fitting surfaces for the purpose of precise positioning. This makes it difficult to place an adhesive between the lens layers that is as free of air bubbles as possible in the manufacture, which is to make optical contact and glue the lens layers.
  • a simple introduction of the adhesive is made possible by the fact that supply channels for an adhesive are recessed within or partially within the lens layers.
  • the invention is characterized in particular by the fact that a method for producing a medium for reproducing three-dimensional real or virtual arrangements and a device therefor are created which enable the viewing of a three-dimensional image which i.A. is stationary relative to the representing medium.
  • a film provided with lens arrangements is exposed in order to produce a picture of what is either a first film, a likewise built film or an object or some other three-dimensional arrangement, also in the form of calculated image data displayed by means of an exposure arrangement. This creates a three-dimensional image with completely new effects that were not possible with previously known methods.
  • FIG. 1 shows the exposure of a first film
  • FIG. 2 shows the exposure of a second film when recording
  • 3D representation 3 shows the exposure of a film by means of an exposure arrangement which displays calculated image data
  • FIG. 4 shows a film with a lens arrangement
  • FIG. 5 shows an arched film
  • FIG. 6 shows a device for recording moving images
  • FIG. 7 shows an arrangement with reflector films and mirrors
  • FIG. 8 an arrangement with a pane with incidence-dependent transparency.
  • Figure 1 shows, so to speak, the first step of the method according to the invention.
  • Objects A, B are recorded and projected onto film V via lenses 5, 6, 7.
  • film V is developed as a negative. If you look at this, you can see all the recorded objects A, B at the locations that they had when they were recorded relative to the film V, including the lens arrangement 5, 6, 7. However, only the surfaces and surface information facing the film 1 'can be seen in such a way that objects closer to the film cover objects further away from the film.
  • Figure 2 is the next step, the exposure of the second
  • Films 1 " The film 1 ', the exposure arrangement 2, is illuminated from behind, film 1" is exposed and developed without having to separate it from the lenses 5', 6 ', 7'.
  • the points A 'on A “and B' on B” are mapped.
  • the film 1 ′′ is then viewed through the lenses 5 ′, 6 ′, 7 ′, a virtual and / or real image being visible, which is located exactly where the real image of the first recording arrangement 12 is relative to the second recording arrangement 13
  • the playback medium namely the film 1 'is provided with a lens arrangement 3' in the same way as the film 1 "is provided with a lens arrangement 3".
  • the recording of image data displayed by means of the exposure arrangement 2 is indicated on a screen 14.
  • the enlarged, calculated single image of a three-dimensional photo or a negative hollow image is displayed on the screen 14. This is located in the focal plane of a lens with preferably the same diameter as the lenses of the receiving arrangement 13 and is projected into infinity by the lens. This simulates what can be seen through a single lens of a shot made with a lens array film.
  • the exposure arrangement 13 is thus exposed.
  • the exposure arrangement 2 is moved further by a lens diameter, the correspondingly calculated neighboring single image is displayed on the screen 14 and the exposure is repeated. This process is repeated for all individual images.
  • Figure 4 shows a film 1 with additional devices, namely the partition 8, which is provided to prevent the image from "jumping".
  • gas or liquid is indicated by the reference number 9, which leads to a second refractive lens surface and thus the focal length of the lens
  • a correction layer which serves to correct the intensity of the light and which consists of a location-dependent transparent film, is designated by 11.
  • the aperture diaphragm 10 can be seen, which can block out undesired marginal rays.
  • the film 1 can also be curved so that lenses with a curved focal plane can be used.
  • Moving images can be recorded with a device according to FIG.
  • the exposure is changed during the movement, preferably by moving a translucent strip 16 in an otherwise opaque film 15 during the movement where the viewer is supposed to move when the scene is displayed.
  • FIG. 7 shows the arrangement with a mirror 20, the arrangement of which prevents spatial image reversal by assigning two retroreflector foils 22, 33 and a semi-transparent mirror 20 to the film provided with lens arrangements in this exemplary embodiment.
  • a 3D positive of the exposure arrangement 23 can be produced directly in the form of the film 21 without a 3D negative hollow image being produced as an intermediate product.
  • the light beams 25, 26, 27 and 28, 29, 30 are reflected on the retroreflectors 22, 23 and the semi-transparent mirror 20, which is shown by the arrows 31, 32.
  • FIG. 8 shows the disk 34 with the tubes 35 acting as partitions and the 3D film.
  • the pane 34 has an angle of incidence-dependent transparency which rises sharply within a few degrees.
  • the axes 35 of the tubes 35 run parallel to the disc normal
  • each lens should represent one pixel of the 3D image for every 20 viewing directions it can display.
  • the upper limit of the angular resolution is determined by two mechanisms:
  • 30 D the diameter of the lenses of the lens arrangement B: the intended viewing distance
  • the lens aperture diffracts the light and creates a diffraction disk on the film.
  • the resulting smallest resolvable angle (epsilon) is represented by the following formula:
  • Epsilon 1, 22 * lambda / D
  • D the diameter of the lenses of the lambda lens arrangement: the light wavelength 1, 22 used is the pre-factor for circular lenses
  • the following table shows some lens sizes calculated in this way with an average light wavelength of 600nm.
  • epsilon the smallest resolvable angle
  • f the focal length of the lens

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Stereoscopic And Panoramic Photography (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de fabrication d'un support pour la reproduction réelle ou virtuelle de représentations en trois dimensions, selon lequel lesdites représentations sont enregistrées par le fait qu'un film pourvu d'un groupe de lentilles est éclairé à travers lesdites lentilles. L'observation de la matrice de lentilles dans sa totalité produit une image en trois dimensions qui peut être fixe par rapport au milieu de représentation. La présente invention concerne également un dispositif de fabrication d'un support pour la reproduction, qui est fabriqué selon ledit procédé.
EP04762726A 2003-08-30 2004-08-30 Procede de fabrication d'un support pour la reproduction d'une representation en trois dimensions Withdrawn EP1664921A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10340109A DE10340109A1 (de) 2003-08-30 2003-08-30 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Mediums zur reellen und virtuellen Wiedergabe von realen oder berechneten dreidimensionalen Anordnungen
PCT/DE2004/001913 WO2005022255A2 (fr) 2003-08-30 2004-08-30 Procede de fabrication d'un support pour la reproduction d'une representation en trois dimensions

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1664921A2 true EP1664921A2 (fr) 2006-06-07

Family

ID=34202271

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04762726A Withdrawn EP1664921A2 (fr) 2003-08-30 2004-08-30 Procede de fabrication d'un support pour la reproduction d'une representation en trois dimensions

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20070035952A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1664921A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2007504483A (fr)
CN (1) CN1842740A (fr)
CA (1) CA2536629A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10340109A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005022255A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008008232B4 (de) 2008-02-08 2011-04-14 Realeyes Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Belichten eines Fotomaterials
DE102011000658A1 (de) 2011-02-11 2012-08-16 Realeyes Gmbh Mehrschichtfarbfilm
DE102011000947A1 (de) 2011-02-25 2012-08-30 Realeyes Gmbh Flache 3D-Displayeinheit
DE102014102773A1 (de) * 2014-03-03 2015-09-03 De-Sta-Co Europe Gmbh Verfahren zur Wiedergabe eines Fertigungsprozesses in einer virtuellen Umgebung
DE102017108512A1 (de) * 2017-04-21 2018-10-25 HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA Beleuchtungsvorrichtung für Fahrzeuge
DE102017108504A1 (de) 2017-04-21 2018-10-25 HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA Langgestreckte Leuchte für Fahrzeuge
DE102017108525A1 (de) 2017-04-21 2018-10-25 HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA Langgestreckte Leuchte für Fahrzeuge
DE102017108498A1 (de) 2017-04-21 2018-10-25 HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA Beleuchtungsvorrichtung für Fahrzeuge

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US4732453A (en) * 1984-12-10 1988-03-22 Integrated Images, Inc. Integral photography apparatus and method of forming same
US4758853A (en) * 1987-11-30 1988-07-19 Celenze Greg A SLR camera
US5696371A (en) * 1996-05-23 1997-12-09 Eastman Kodak Company Diffractive/refractive lenslet array
BR9711184A (pt) * 1996-08-06 2000-01-11 Konstantin Roggatz Sistema holográfico para produção de imagem grande.
JP3938253B2 (ja) * 1997-12-26 2007-06-27 日本板硝子株式会社 樹脂正立等倍レンズアレイおよびその製造方法
AU2001245787A1 (en) * 2000-03-17 2001-10-03 Zograph, Llc High acuity lens system
US7136031B2 (en) * 2000-12-18 2006-11-14 Byoungho Lee Reflecting three-dimensional display system
KR100430381B1 (ko) * 2001-08-30 2004-05-04 병 호 이 입체 영상 표시 장치
US6733908B1 (en) * 2002-07-08 2004-05-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Multilayer article having stabilized zirconia outer layer and chemical barrier layer
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2007504483A (ja) 2007-03-01
US20070035952A1 (en) 2007-02-15
WO2005022255A3 (fr) 2005-06-16
CN1842740A (zh) 2006-10-04
CA2536629A1 (fr) 2005-03-10
DE112004002146D2 (de) 2006-07-13
DE10340109A1 (de) 2005-03-24
WO2005022255A2 (fr) 2005-03-10

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