EP1662086A2 - Blast resistant window system - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has a protection glass arrangement (120) partly covering an opening in a wall. The arrangement has a retaining mechanism, which is designed in such a manner that a protection glass disc (126) or protection glass window frame (122) is supported at the wall to rotate and/or relocate the mechanism against the opening. An unlockable, durable ventilation shaft is provided between the arrangement and the wall.

Description

introduction

The invention relates to an explosion-resistant window system for closing an opening in a wall bounding an interior, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Such systems are basically known in the art. Thus, for example, US Pat. No. 5,915,449 discloses a protective curtain made of an elastic fabric with high tear resistance, which is mounted behind a window. The protective curtain is considerably larger in dimension than the cross section of the window; Excess tissue from the curtain is normally stored in a receptacle at the foot or bottom of the window in stacked fabric layers. Both above the window as well as at the foot of the window in the collecting container, the respective ends of the protective curtain are firmly anchored. When an explosion-related pressure wave occurs, for example, the windowpane is destroyed and fragments of the windowpane fly in the direction of an interior space behind the windowpane. However, these splinters are then intercepted by the protective curtain, which bulges out as a result of the action of pressure in the interior until the fabric reserves stored in the collecting container are consumed and the curtain is at least temporarily tensioned in its bulge. The fabric of the protective curtain provides good splinter protection and can also be designed to be air permeable.

However, the curtain is firmly installed behind the window to effectively catch the flying splinters in case of an explosion. This has the disadvantage that the window from the inside is difficult to access and thus cleaning the inside of the window or opening the window for the purpose of ventilation is difficult.

Furthermore, European Patent Application EP 1 035 295 A2 discloses a resistant window system. This window system comprises a built-in window frame protection device in particular in the form of wire ropes. In order to prevent breakage of the window pane in the event of an explosion-induced pressure, for example, several wire ropes are stretched as close as possible behind the window. These wire ropes are preferably designed elastically or resiliently mounted and therefore allow deformation or buckling of the window in the case of pressure to a certain extent. In the case of buckling, they support the window pane and thus prevent it from breaking. The wire ropes are stretched either directly behind the pane in the window frame or in or in front of a soffit in which the window frame with the window pane is installed. Dismantling or removing the wire ropes is basically not provided, because their anchoring must be so stable that they must withstand an explosion-induced pressure.

Also in this case, if the wire ropes are firmly mounted in or in front of the soffit, opening the window inwards is not possible. In addition, a cleaning of the inside of the window due to the cross-tensioned wire ropes - if at all - then hardly possible.

Finally, it is known in the art, for example from the utility model DE 84 17 098 U1, to provide an explosion-resistant window system for closing an opening in a wall bounding an interior, which provides a protective glass arrangement between a window assembly and the interior. The protective glass arrangement typically comprises a protective glass pane, which is preferably embedded in a protective glass window frame, and a protective glass holding device for holding the protective glass pane optionally with the protective glass window frame in the region of the opening in connection with the wall.

In this case, openings are provided in the frame of the attack-endangered side window arrangement, which is the space between the window assembly and protective glass pane with the on the angnffsgefährdeten side Connect environment. Thus, for example, the pressure generated during an explosive stop may destroy the window assembly facing the attack-prone side, but the maximum pressure on the subsequent protective glass pane is not exerted since compression of the air within the space between the two glass units does not occur in one of the protective glass panes dangerous extent. The described in this prior art to attack vulnerable side window assembly closes in several variants, the building opening in the closed state is not completely airtight. Accordingly, it is necessary to form the protective glass assembly so that it forms an airtight completion of the building opening in the closed state. However, it can be seen from utility model DE 84 17 098 U1 that the openings arranged within the window arrangement facing the attack-prone side can be closed by means which, when pressure arises, for example as a result of an explosion, pop out to the outside.

Such a window system can be designed such that both units, the window assembly and the protective glass pane, are pivotally or rotatably mounted. In the closed state of the attack-prone side facing window assembly can get a little fresh air into the interior when opening the protective glass assembly through the cross section of located in the context of the window assembly openings, as they are permanently available in another variant.

However, this known explosion-retardant window system has the disadvantage that for effective ventilation of the room both units, the window assembly and the protective glass pane must be opened. In the open state of the window system is in an explosion in the immediate environment but then no adequate protection for people in the interior.

task

Based on this prior art, the present invention seeks to further develop a known explosion-resistant window system such that the inside of a window arrangement upstream of the protective glass arrangement accessible in a simple manner, further also a ventilation function of the window is given while maintaining the protective function.

solution

This object is solved by the subject matter of patent claim 1. Accordingly, the explosion-resistant window system according to the invention is characterized in that between the protective glass assembly and the wall an unlockable, durable ventilation cross-section is present.

The facing the attack-vulnerable side window assembly closes the opening of a wall completely, so that it protects the interior against air passage in its closed position, that is given under energetic and sonic aspects to fordemde tightness. The facing to the interior arranged protective glass assembly is used only to protect against splinters or other debris that would enter in an explosion due to the bursting of the window assembly in the interior, if this protective glass assembly would not be provided. The non-closable, durable ventilation cross-section between the protective glass arrangement and the wall prevents the maximum pressure acting on the window arrangement in the event of an explosion from being transmitted to the protective glass arrangement, which is why it is not destroyed.

The protective glass arrangement according to the invention is also particularly suitable for retrofitting in existing window arrangements. Using typically conventional window assemblies, greatly improved protection against blasting can thus be achieved with relatively simple means. The protective glass arrangement does not have to be designed as a conventional frame-filling construction with seals. The protective glass arrangement must rather merely meet the requirements for protection against fragmentation flight, can thus be understood as an "inner shield".

The design of the protective glass-holding frame allows in particular under normal circumstances, a simple moving away of the protective glass, possibly together with the protective glass window frame of the opening, so that the inside of the window assembly or the inside of the window is easily accessible. In particular, it is possible and useful to leave the window assembly in an open position and at the same time leave the protective glass in its protective position, so that the interior is supplied by the unsealable, permanent ventilation cross-section sufficient fresh air and at the same time there is a protection against attacks for persons located in the interior ,

In the context of the description, the terms "normally", "normal circumstances" or "normal state" are to be understood as indicating a state or situation during which no particular, in particular no explosion-related pressure on in particular the protective glass pane and the protective glass holding device takes place. Furthermore, the term "panning" in the context of the description should be understood to include the meaning of the words "turn" or "fold".

Due to the mounting of the protective glass holding device on the wall and outside the reveal a technically simple design of a protective glass holding device is possible. Particularly advantageous in this context is the possibility that the protective glass is greater than the clear cross section of the window opening and concealed on all sides with protruding edge strips wall sections to the soffit, in the horizontal direction to ensure the continuous ventilation function in this case, a distance between the wall and the Protective glass must exist. Is the amount of space on the wall in front of the reveal by furnishings or fixtures (for example, sun protection) not large enough for the arrangement of the protective glass holder storage within the soffit is essential.

In an advantageous embodiment, the protective glass holding device comprises at least two bands and a closing device for releasably connecting and locking the protective glass pane to the wall.

Advantageously, the protective glass-holding device in the case of a particular explosion-induced pressure effect in a direction transverse to the cross-sectional area of the opening into the interior is designed to yield. The compliant design of the protective glass-holding device has the advantage that it does not have to be so strong and costly and anchored in the wall to withstand the explosion-induced pressure effect, as if they were not designed compliant.

It is advantageous if, in particular, the movement of the protective glass pane into the interior space is subject to travel limiting in the event of an explosion-induced pressure effect.

Finally, it is advantageous if the protective glass holding device is designed in the form of a plurality of punctiform connections, which hold the protective glass optionally with the protective glass window frame at a predetermined distance from the wall, so - apart from the punctual connections - between the protective glass pane or the Protective glass window frame and the wall or to the soffit, in particular during the normal state remains at least one air gap for ventilation purposes.

A minimum distance between the outer window assembly and internal protective glazing of at least 10.0 cm, preferably at least 20.0 cm, allows in the case of an outer casement window that this can be tilted or rotated with closed inner protective glazing in an open position, with an exchange of air through the side Ventilation cross-sections or gaps between the protective glazing and the wall or its reveal can take place.

Further advantageous embodiments of the protective glass holding device and the window assembly are the subject of the dependent claims.

Figur 1

einen Horizontalschnitt durch das erfindungsgemäße Fenstersystem, wobei die Fensteranordnung als Sicherheits-Flügelfenster ausgebildet ist;

Figur 2

einen Vertikalschnitt durch das erfindungsgemäße Fenstersystem gemäß einer ersten Variante;

Figur 3

einen Vertikalschnitt durch das erfindungsgemäße Fenstersystem gemäß der ersten Variante mit einer Fensteranordnung in Kippstellung;

Figur 4

einen Vertikalschnitt durch das erfindungsgemäße Fenstersystem in seiner zweiten Variante;

Figur 5

einen Horizontalschnitt durch das erfindungsgemäße Fenstersystem, wobei die Fensteranordnung als Sicherheits-Festfeld ausgebildet ist;

Figur 6

einen Horizontalschnitt durch das erfindungsgemäße Fenstersystem, wobei die Fensteranordnung als Flügelfenster mit einer Fenster scheibe aus normaler Thermopen-Verglasung ausgebildet ist; und

Figur 7

einen Horizontalschnitt durch das erfindungsgemäße Fenstersystem, wobei die Fensterscheibe der Fensteranordnung als Festfeld mit einer Fensterscheibe aus normaler Thermopen-Verglasung ausgebildet ist;

veranschaulicht.The description is a total of seven figures attached, where

FIG. 1

a horizontal section through the window system according to the invention, wherein the window assembly is designed as a safety casement window;

FIG. 2

a vertical section through the window system according to the invention according to a first variant;

FIG. 3

a vertical section through the window system according to the invention according to the first variant with a window assembly in tilted position;

FIG. 4

a vertical section through the window system according to the invention in its second variant;

FIG. 5

a horizontal section through the window system according to the invention, wherein the window assembly is designed as a security fixed field;

FIG. 6

a horizontal section through the window system according to the invention, wherein the window assembly is formed as a casement window with a window pane of normal Thermopen glazing; and

FIG. 7

a horizontal section through the window system according to the invention, wherein the window pane of the window assembly is formed as a fixed field with a window pane of normal Thermopen glazing;

illustrated.

The invention will now be described in detail in the form of various embodiments with reference to said figures. In all figures, the same elements are designated by the same reference numerals.

FIG. 1 shows a horizontal section through the window system 100 according to the invention. The window system 100 comprises a window arrangement 110 and a protective glass arrangement 120. The window arrangement 110 is installed in an opening of a wall 200 in order to completely close this opening. With the degree The opening is also an otherwise limited by the wall 200 interior IR, for example, in a building completed.

The window assembly 110 includes a window glass 112 and a window retainer 114 in the form of a window frame for holding the window glass 112 in the opening. The window assembly 110 is formed as a casement window, in which the window pane 112 is embedded in a casement 114-2, which in turn pivotally engages in a frame 200 connected to the wall frame 114-1. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the window pane 112 is constructed as a laminated glass pane from a multiplicity of individual glass panes glued together and has an outer side AF facing away from the inner space IR and an inner side IF facing the inner space IR.

The already mentioned protective glass arrangement 120 is arranged between the window arrangement 110 and the interior IR in such a way that it at least substantially covers the opening. The protective glass arrangement 120 serves, in the event of an explosion-induced fragmentation of the window arrangement, for example, to prevent the splinters or frame parts from flying in into the interior IR. It comprises a protective glass pane 126, typically also a laminated glass pane, which is preferably embedded in a protective glass window frame 122. For holding or locking the protective glass pane 126, optionally embedded in the protective glass window frame 122, the protective glass arrangement 120 further comprises a protective glass holding device 124. This holding device 124 consists of various elements described below, which selectively connect the protective glass pane or the protective glass window frame directly or indirectly to the wall 200. An indirect connection would be indicated if the elements of the holding device 124 were directly connected only to a frame 210, which in turn is directly connected to the wall 200.

According to the invention, the protective glass holding device 124 is designed such that it has a lateral displacement (not shown in FIG. 1) or a pivoting, that is to say a turning away, tilting away or folding away the protective glass pane 126, optionally embedded in the protective glass window frame 122, in particular in a normal state, that is, without loading by an explosion-induced pressure wave allows. The described configuration of the protective glass holder 124 allows easy access to the inside IF of the window glass 112 and the entire window assembly 110, for example for cleaning purposes under normal circumstances.

In principle, however, the entire protective glass arrangement 120 and its anchoring via the protective glass holding device 124 in the wall 200 or its reveal must be designed to be stable enough to withstand an explosion-induced pressure wave at least when the pressure wave has previously been significantly weakened by destruction of the window assembly 110 , Specifically, the protective glass holding device 124 for this purpose comprises at least two bands 124-1 or two hinges for pivotally supporting the protective glass pane 126, optionally together with the protective glass window frame 122, and a locking device 124-2. The locking device is preferably mounted on a side of the protective glass window frame opposite the belts 124-1 and serves to releasably lock the protective glass pane 126, optionally together with the protective glass window frame 122 relative to the wall 200. According to FIG Wall or the frame 210 connected first stop 124-2, to which a spring element 124-4 is attached. In the normal state, the spring element 124-4 pulls the protective glass pane 126 or its frame 122 over a dome 124-3 secured to the pane or the frame with a bias against the first stop 124-2. The spring element 124-4 may, for example, be in the form of a rubber ring - or a closed, prestressed wire rope -, in particular as an O-ring. Under normal circumstances, the rubber ring can simply be manually pushed over the dome 124-3, whereupon the protective glass pane 126 can be moved away from the opening and the inside of the window assembly 110 is freely accessible.

In the case of the action of an explosion-induced pressure wave, for example, on the outer side AS of the protective glass pane 126 facing away from the interior IR, the spring element 124-4 offers the advantage that it is made yielding, and therefore a movement of the window pane 126 in the direction of the pressure wave, that is in the direction of the interior IR, permits, as indicated in Figure 1 by the dashed position of the window pane 126 and the window frame 122. In this way, the pressure wave is given conditionally, which advantageously has only a weakened load on the components involved, in particular the protective glass holding device result.

As an alternative to the O-ring, the spring element 124-4 can also be designed as a gas pressure damper or indeed as a spring. It is advantageous if the movement of the protective glass pane 126, if appropriate together with the protective glass window frame 122, is limited to a predetermined path length in the event of an explosion-induced pressure effect in the interior IR by a suitable limiting device. For example, a pair of scissors or a wire rope loop (not shown in FIG. 1) can serve as the limiting device, which in contrast to the spring element 124-4 is not yielding.

In addition to the resilience of the closure, the straps 124-1 may also be resiliently connected to the wall 200 such that, in the event of a compressive load on the protective glass assembly 120, the straps 124-1 may increase their distance from the wall 200 against the effect of increasing force , In this way - at approximately the same spring stiffness in the region of the closing device on the one hand and the bands 124-1 on the other hand - an approximately parallel displacement of the protective glass pane to the window assembly 110 can be achieved. This also creates the opportunity to achieve larger pressure equalization cross sections between the wall and the protective glass pane.

FIG. 2 shows a vertical section of the same window system 100, of which FIG. 1 shows a horizontal section. Figure 2 shows a first variant of the protective glass assembly 120, which is characterized in that it the opening not in their entire cross-sectional area, in particular not in their entire height, covering or even overlapping.

FIG. 3 shows the same window system 100 as FIG. 2, likewise in a vertical section, but this time with the casement window not in a closed position but in a tilted position. The meandered solid arrow in FIG. 3 symbolizes a ventilation duct from the outside of the window arrangement 110 into the interior IR.

FIG. 4 shows a vertical section through the window system according to FIG. 1, but this time with a second variant of the protective glass arrangement 120. This second variant differs from the first variant shown in FIG. 2 in that it has a larger area and not only covers the opening. but even overlapping from their surface. This larger dimension of the protective glass arrangement provides improved protection against splinters flying around in the interior IR in the event of an explosion.

Due to the respective vertical section shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the protective glass holding device 124 for connecting the protective glass pane 126 or its frame 122 to the wall 200 is not shown; rather, this holding device lies outside the plane of the drawing.

By contrast, FIGS. 2 to 4 show that all variants of the protective glass arrangement preferably provide an air gap between the wall 200 and the protective glass arrangement 120. In order to realize this air gap, the protective glass holding device 124 should not be formed circumferentially around the protective glass 126 or its protective glass window frame, but only in the form of punctual connections such as in the form of the band 124-1 or the stop 124-2. The air gap allows, at least when the casement window is open, an exchange of air between the interior IR and the outside of the wall or the window arrangement 110.

Figure 5 shows essentially the horizontal section through the window system according to the invention according to Figure 1 with the only difference that the window assembly 110 now not as a casement window, but as a fixed field, that is not as is designed to open window. Also in this example, the window glass 112 is made of laminated glass.

FIG. 6 again shows the horizontal section through the window system 100 according to the invention known from FIG. 1 with the only difference that the window pane 112 of the window arrangement 110 is no longer designed as a laminated glass pane but as a normal Thermopen pane.

Finally, FIG. 7 again shows the horizontal section through the window system 100 according to the invention known from FIG. 1, with the only difference that the window arrangement 110 is designed here as a fixed field with a window pane 112 as normal Thermopen glazing.

Claims (11)

An explosion-resistant window system (100) for terminating an opening in an interior (IR) confining wall (200), comprising: a window assembly (110) closing the opening comprising a window pane (112) having an outer side (AF) and an inner side (IF) facing the inner space and a window pane holding device (114), preferably in the form of a window frame, for holding the window pane (112 ) in the opening, the window assembly (110) completely closing the opening in a closed position; and a protective glass arrangement (120) at least partially covering the window assembly (110) and interior space (IR) comprising a protective glass pane (126) preferably embedded in a protective glass window frame (122) and a protective glass holding device (124) for holding the protective glass pane optionally with the protective glass window frame in conjunction with the wall (200), wherein the protective glass holding device (124) is formed so that the protective glass pane (126) or the protective glass window frame (122) with the protective glass pane (126) or in front of the wall (200) is mounted so that it or he is pivotally and / or laterally displaceable relative to the opening. characterized in that
between the protective glass assembly (120) and the wall an unlockable, durable ventilation cross-section is present. Window system (100) according to claim 1,
characterized in that the protective glass holding device (124) is mounted on the wall and outside of the reveal. Window system (100) according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that the protective glass holding device (124) comprises: at least two bands (124-1) for pivotally supporting the protective glass pane (126) without or with protective glass window frame (122) and a closing device (124-2 ), For example, a rotary lever, which is preferably mounted on a side opposite the bands of the window frame, for releasably locking the protective glass pane, if necessary with protective glass window frame relative to the wall (200). Window system (100) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the protective glass holding device (124) and in particular the closing device in the event of a particular explosion destruction of the window assembly (110) and then facing away from the interior (IR) outside (AS) of the protective glass pane (126) and the protective glass Holding means (124) acting force above a predetermined threshold force, in a direction transverse to the cross-sectional area of the opening in the interior (IR) into a flexible design. Window system (100) according to claim 4,
characterized in that the closing device (124) has a stop (124-5) connected to the wall (200) and a spring element (124-4) which normally removes the protective glass pane (126) or optionally the protective glass window frame (122) under bias against the stop (124-5) presses and which upon application of a force above the force threshold, a movement of the protective glass pane (126) optionally together with protective glass window frame with a movement component transverse to the cross-sectional area of the opening into the interior (IR) inside. Window system (100) according to claim 4 or 5,
characterized by a limiting device, for example in the form of a pair of scissors or a wire rope loop, for limiting the movement of in particular the protective glass pane (126) into the interior space over a predetermined path length. Window system (100) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the protective glass holding device (124) in the form of a plurality of punctiform connections (124-1, 124-2) is formed, which the protective glass optionally also with the protective glass window frame at a predetermined distance to the wall or to the Keep soffit, so that - apart from the punctual connections - at least one air gap is formed between the protective glass pane or the protective glass window frame and the wall. Window system (100) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the distance between the window pane (112) of the window arrangement (110) and the protective glass pane (126) of the protective glass arrangement (120) is at least 10 cm, preferably at least 20 cm. Window system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the bands (124-1) are resiliently connected to the wall (200) such that their distance from the window assembly (110) is increased in the event of pressure against an opposing force. Window system (100) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the window pane (112) of the window arrangement (110) and / or the protective glass arrangement (120) is designed as a security window burglary-resistant, blast-resistant and / or bullet-resistant. Window system (100) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the window arrangement (110) is designed as a fixed field or as a casement window with sash or as a facade element.

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