EP1649218A1 - Procede de reduction des emissions de nox d'un systeme de bruleurs comprenant plusieurs bruleurs et systeme de bruleurs permettant de mettre en oeuvre ce procede - Google Patents

Procede de reduction des emissions de nox d'un systeme de bruleurs comprenant plusieurs bruleurs et systeme de bruleurs permettant de mettre en oeuvre ce procede

Info

Publication number
EP1649218A1
EP1649218A1 EP04766213A EP04766213A EP1649218A1 EP 1649218 A1 EP1649218 A1 EP 1649218A1 EP 04766213 A EP04766213 A EP 04766213A EP 04766213 A EP04766213 A EP 04766213A EP 1649218 A1 EP1649218 A1 EP 1649218A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burners
flame
burner
temperatures
fuel supply
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04766213A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1649218B1 (fr
Inventor
Ken-Yves Haffner
Douglas Pennell
Christian Steinbach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Technology AG filed Critical Alstom Technology AG
Publication of EP1649218A1 publication Critical patent/EP1649218A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1649218B1 publication Critical patent/EP1649218B1/fr
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23NREGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/08Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements
    • F23N5/082Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements using electronic means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23NREGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/002Regulating fuel supply using electronic means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23NREGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/12Fuel valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23NREGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2237/00Controlling
    • F23N2237/02Controlling two or more burners
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23NREGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2241/00Applications
    • F23N2241/20Gas turbines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of combustion technology. It relates to a method for reducing NOx emissions according to the preamble of claim 1 and a burner arrangement for carrying out the method.
  • JP-A2-10317991 it has been proposed to reduce the amount of NOx in a gas turbine with a plurality of premix burners and at the same time to stabilize the combustion in the event of a load change in the turbine by measuring the temperatures of the flame stabilizers, the combustion chamber lining and the hot gases and the operating status of the burner is derived from it.
  • the fuel supply to the burners is then controlled in accordance with the measurement results so that the combustion is stabilized with regard to partial misfires and deviations from the quantity of fuel supplied.
  • the goal is the (dynamic) stabilization of the combustion during load changes in the gas turbine. At the same time, an increase in the amount of NOx caused by burner instabilities is prevented.
  • the essence of the invention is to directly or indirectly measure the flame temperatures of the individual burners or burner groups and then to permanently reduce the fuel supply in those burners or burner groups whose flame temperatures are above a predetermined value in order to avoid the deviations caused by design and manufacture to compensate for this burner. This process can be carried out one or more times and then leads to a permanent homogenization of the flame temperatures and thus to a reduction in the NOx emissions caused by the inhomogeneities.
  • a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the individual burners or burner groups are each supplied with fuel via a fuel supply line, and in that the throttling of the fuel supply is arranged by means of a in the fuel supply line
  • Throttle body is made. This enables a particularly simple coordination of the various burners with regard to the homogenization of the flame temperature.
  • One possibility for measuring the flame temperatures is that the flame temperatures are measured directly on the flames, the flame temperatures being measured, in particular, optically.
  • the flame temperatures are measured indirectly, in particular the flames being generated in a combustion chamber, and for Measurement of the flame temperatures, the temperatures of selected parts or areas of the combustion chamber are measured, or the hot gases generated by the burners in the flames are sent through a use device, in particular a gas turbine, and the temperatures at the outlet of the burners for measuring the flame temperatures of the burners or burner groups Usage equipment can be measured.
  • the indirect measurement of the flame temperature can be realized and carried out much more easily in terms of measurement technology.
  • an adjustable throttle element is preferably used, which can be either an adjustable valve, an adjustable throttle screw or an exchangeable orifice with a predetermined orifice opening.
  • a preferred embodiment of the burner arrangement according to the invention is characterized in that the first means comprise a plurality of sensors which are connected to a measuring unit, the sensors being designed either for direct measurement of the flame temperature, preferably optically.
  • the sensors are designed to measure the temperature of components
  • the burners are accommodated in one or more combustion chambers
  • the sensors are arranged distributed in or on the combustion chamber or chambers.
  • a use device for the hot gases in particular in the form of a gas turbine, is arranged behind the burner arrangement, the sensors are designed for measuring the temperature of hot gases, and the sensors are arranged at the outlet of the use device.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a burner arrangement according to a preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention with a direct measurement of the flame temperatures and throttle bodies in the fuel feed lines to the individual burners;
  • FIG. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention to FIG. 1, in which the sensors for determining the flame temperatures are arranged on the combustion chamber and record material temperatures of parts of the combustion chamber;
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention to FIGS. 1 and 2, in which the sensors are arranged in the form of a gas turbine at the outlet of a use device of the combustion chamber gases and determine the flame temperatures from the temperature distribution at the outlet of a use device; and
  • Fig. 4 in different sub-figures (Fig. 4a, b and c) different types of throttle bodies, as they can be used in the implementation of the invention. WAYS OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
  • One of the contents of the present invention is that the hottest burners are identified by direct or indirect measurement of the flame temperature or the differences in flame temperature on gas turbines with multiple burners or burner groups. This measurement can be carried out in various ways (e.g. by measuring the temperature after the turbine, by measuring the material temperature of combustion chamber parts, by directly measuring the flame temperature optically).
  • the flame temperatures are homogenized by throttling the fuel supply to the burners with a too high flame temperature.
  • This throttling can be done by means of adjustable valves, adjustable throttle screws or permanently installed throttle bodies (e.g. orifices).
  • the process of flame temperature measurement and throttling of the burner with too high a flame temperature can be repeated until the desired homogeneity is achieved.
  • the burners B1, .., Bn are designed, for example, as double-cone burners, as are shown and described in EP-A2-0 807 787, among others.
  • the individual burners B1, .., Bn are each connected to a common fuel supply 11 via fuel feed lines 19.
  • the burners B1, .., Bn are usually arranged on one or more concentric circular rings.
  • Each of the burners B1, .., Bn generates a flame F1, .., Fn during operation by burning the supplied liquid and / or gaseous fuel with the aid of compressed combustion air, the hot gases of which are then used in a subsequent use device (turbine, steam generator, etc.). ) are used for energy purposes. Due to manufacturing and installation tolerances in the burners and combustion chamber, the flames F1, .., Fn of the various burners B1, .., Bn now have partially different flame temperatures, so that individual burners are available whose flame temperatures exceed a predetermined value. Although the mean of the flame temperatures is within a tolerable range, the elevated temperatures of individual flames lead to increased NOx emissions.
  • a plurality of sensors S1, .., Sn are now provided, which measure the temperatures of the individual flames F1, .., Fn directly by optical means (eg spectral measurement).
  • the sensors S1, .., Sn are connected to a measuring unit 12, in which the flame temperature measurements are evaluated and displayed.
  • a measuring unit 12 in which the flame temperature measurements are evaluated and displayed.
  • throttle bodies D1, .., Dn are arranged in the fuel feed lines 19 to the burners B1, .., Bn, which enable simple throttling or throttling of the fuel supply to the respective burner.
  • An exemplary selection of suitable throttle bodies Dn is shown in sub-figures (a) to (c) of FIG. 4.
  • the throttle element Dn of FIG. 4a is designed as an adjustable valve 15.
  • the fuel supply in the associated fuel supply line 19 can be throttled to the desired extent by partially closing the valve 15.
  • a throttle screw 16 is shown as throttle body Dn, which narrows the cross section of the fuel feed line 19 and thus throttles the fuel supply.
  • an orifice 17 is shown as a throttle element Dn, which has an orifice opening 18 with a cross section that is smaller than the cross section of the unthrottled fuel feed line 19.
  • a burner with an excessively high flame temperature is identified during the measurement of the flame temperatures, its fuel supply is first throttled by a certain amount by means of the associated throttling device Dn. If the measurement is repeated later and the flame temperature is still too high, the throttling is increased by a further step. This sequence can be repeated until the flame temperatures of all burners B1,... Bn are within a narrow tolerance range and are therefore homogenized. The gradual, permanent throttling ensures that no control vibrations can occur and that the operation remains stable at all times. The use of simple throttling elements keeps the costs low, and leads to simple adjustability and high functional reliability.
  • FIG. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a burner arrangement according to the invention.
  • the burners B1, .., Bn of the burner arrangement 10 are shown here with the combustion chamber 13.
  • the flames F1, .., Fn of the burners B1, .., Bn lead to different heating of components (walls etc.) in the combustion chamber 13 at different flame temperatures. They can therefore be measured indirectly, in which the temperature of certain components or areas the combustion chamber 13 by sensors S1 ', .., Sn' mounted there (Thermocouples, resistance thermometers or the like.) Is measured.
  • These sensors S1 ⁇ .., Sn ' are also connected to a measuring unit 12, so that the burners or burner groups to be throttled are identified and identified there.
  • the throttle bodies themselves are not shown in FIG. 2 for the sake of simplicity.
  • the combustion chamber 13 with the burners B1,..., Bn is arranged here on the input side of a utilization device, in this case a gas turbine 14.
  • the hot gas generated by the burners B1,..., Bn flows through the turbine 14 under power and exits at the outlet of the turbine 14.
  • There is a temperature distribution in the hot gas stream which is characteristic of the flame temperatures of the burners B1, .., Bn. If this temperature distribution is now measured by means of sensors S1 ", .., Sn", the flame temperatures of the individual burners B1, .., Bn can be inferred. A burner with a too high flame temperature can be identified accordingly.
  • the sensors S1 ", .., Sn" are also connected to a measuring unit 12.
  • the throttle bodies for the fuel supply are not shown, but are installed in the fuel feed lines analogously to FIG. 1.
  • B1 ,. ., Bn burner e.g. double cone burner

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de réduction des émissions de NOx d'un système de brûleurs (10) comprenant plusieurs brûleurs (B1, .., Bn), en particulier dans une turbine à gaz. Lesdits brûleurs (B1, .., Bn) fonctionnent en parallèle et brûlent un combustible, qui leur est respectivement acheminé, au moyen d'un air de combustion de façon à produire une flamme (F1, .., Fn). Selon l'invention, pour que les émissions de NOx puissent être réduites de manière simple et efficace, la température des flammes de brûleurs individuels (B1, .., Bn) ou de groupes de brûleurs ou des différences entre les températures de flamme de brûleurs individuels (B1, .., Bn) ou de groupes de brûleurs sont mesurées directement ou indirectement à un moment prédéterminé, puis l'alimentation en combustible est réduite sélectivement au niveau des brûleurs ou des groupes de brûleurs dont la température de flamme excède une valeur prédéterminée de façon à homogénéiser les températures de flamme des brûleurs (B1, .., Bn).
EP04766213.5A 2003-07-24 2004-07-14 Procede de reduction des emissions de nox d'un systeme de bruleurs comprenant plusieurs bruleurs et systeme de bruleurs permettant de mettre en oeuvre ce procede Expired - Fee Related EP1649218B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10333671A DE10333671A1 (de) 2003-07-24 2003-07-24 Verfahren zur Reduktion der Nox-Emissionen einer mehrere Brenner umfassenden Brenneranordnung sowie Brenneranordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
PCT/EP2004/051483 WO2005010437A1 (fr) 2003-07-24 2004-07-14 Procede de reduction des emissions de nox d'un systeme de bruleurs comprenant plusieurs bruleurs et systeme de bruleurs permettant de mettre en oeuvre ce procede

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1649218A1 true EP1649218A1 (fr) 2006-04-26
EP1649218B1 EP1649218B1 (fr) 2015-12-02

Family

ID=34088788

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04766213.5A Expired - Fee Related EP1649218B1 (fr) 2003-07-24 2004-07-14 Procede de reduction des emissions de nox d'un systeme de bruleurs comprenant plusieurs bruleurs et systeme de bruleurs permettant de mettre en oeuvre ce procede

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US8516825B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1649218B1 (fr)
AU (2) AU2004259859A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10333671A1 (fr)
MY (1) MY149466A (fr)
WO (1) WO2005010437A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

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DE102004002631A1 (de) * 2004-01-19 2005-08-11 Alstom Technology Ltd Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Gasturbinen-Brennkammer
GB2434437B (en) * 2006-01-19 2011-01-26 Siemens Ag Improvements in or relating to combustion apparatus
DE102006015230A1 (de) * 2006-03-30 2007-10-18 Alstom Technology Ltd. Brennkammer
CA2707458C (fr) 2007-07-24 2016-06-21 Alstom Technology Ltd Procede pour faire fonctionner un dispositif de combustion ainsi que dispositif de combustion pour mettre en oeuvre ce procede
EP2071156B1 (fr) 2007-12-10 2013-11-06 Alstom Technology Ltd Système de distribution de carburant d'une turbine à gaz avec ensemble brûleur à plusieurs étages
US8717115B2 (en) 2012-01-13 2014-05-06 Xilinx, Inc. Resonator circuit and method of generating a resonating output signal
US10330329B2 (en) * 2016-08-05 2019-06-25 Greenheck Fan Corporation Indirect gas furnace
US10851992B2 (en) * 2018-06-01 2020-12-01 Spartan Controls Ltd. Burner management system
DE102022130397A1 (de) * 2022-11-17 2024-05-23 Redux GmbH Beratung für Energie und Wirtschaftlichkeit Heizvorrichtung

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US2757961A (en) * 1950-09-07 1956-08-07 Chrysler Corp Regulated fuel system
US3712055A (en) * 1971-02-01 1973-01-23 Chandler Evans Inc Fuel control
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DK0553191T3 (da) * 1990-10-10 1995-08-07 Schering Corp Pyridin- og pyridin-N-oxidderivater af diarylmethylpiperidiner eller -piperaziner, præparater og an vendelse deraf
JP2954401B2 (ja) * 1991-08-23 1999-09-27 株式会社日立製作所 ガスタービン設備およびその運転方法
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EP1217300A1 (fr) 2000-12-22 2002-06-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et appareil pour opérer une installation technique comportant plusieurs components, en particulier une installation de combustion d'une centrale électrique
DE50115614D1 (de) * 2001-04-17 2010-10-14 Alstom Technology Ltd Verfahren zur Unterdrückung von Verbrennungsfluktuationen in einer Gasturbine
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US8516825B2 (en) 2013-08-27
DE10333671A1 (de) 2005-08-04
AU2004259859A1 (en) 2005-02-03
AU2010246518A1 (en) 2010-12-23
EP1649218B1 (fr) 2015-12-02
AU2010246518B9 (en) 2013-01-10
US20060144049A1 (en) 2006-07-06
MY149466A (en) 2013-08-30
WO2005010437A1 (fr) 2005-02-03
AU2010246518B2 (en) 2012-08-09

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