EP1648007B1 - interrupteur fusible thermique pour résistance de freinage - Google Patents

interrupteur fusible thermique pour résistance de freinage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1648007B1
EP1648007B1 EP05016745A EP05016745A EP1648007B1 EP 1648007 B1 EP1648007 B1 EP 1648007B1 EP 05016745 A EP05016745 A EP 05016745A EP 05016745 A EP05016745 A EP 05016745A EP 1648007 B1 EP1648007 B1 EP 1648007B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
thermofuse
spring
contact elements
switch according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP05016745A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1648007A1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Schlipf
Raphael Unruh
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tuerk and Hillinger GmbH
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Tuerk and Hillinger GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tuerk and Hillinger GmbH filed Critical Tuerk and Hillinger GmbH
Publication of EP1648007A1 publication Critical patent/EP1648007A1/fr
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Publication of EP1648007B1 publication Critical patent/EP1648007B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C10/00—Adjustable resistors
    • H01C10/50—Adjustable resistors structurally combined with switching arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C10/00—Adjustable resistors
    • H01C10/14—Adjustable resistors adjustable by auxiliary driving means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/32—Insulating body insertable between contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H01H37/761—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit
    • H01H2037/762—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit using a spring for opening the circuit when the fusible element melts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H01H37/761—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thermal fuse switch with at least two contact elements under spring pressure in contact contact for a braking resistor of an electric motor, which converts the resulting when switching the electric motor from engine operation to generator operation electrical energy into heat and dissipates, wherein the braking resistor in the form of a resistance winding (49) a winding support (2) is wound up.
  • a braking resistor of the generic type is z. B. off DE 203 11 068 U1 known.
  • Braking resistors of electric motors with frequency converters are usually subject to very different operating conditions. Due to these braking resistors, very high currents can flow for a short time. However, it also happens that they are burdened with only very small electrical currents for longer periods of time.
  • the U.S. Patent 6,430,019 B1 describes a switching device for suppressing overvoltages in an electrical circuit with a voltage-dependent resistor (VDR resistor), which heats up when a given rated voltage is exceeded.
  • VDR resistor voltage-dependent resistor
  • This thermal switch is only temperature-dependent connected to the VDR resistor insofar as a soldered contact connection is separated and a contact gap is formed when an overvoltage occurs at the VDR resistor as a result of the heating then taking place thereon.
  • an insulating, plate-shaped separating part is pushed by its own weight or by a spring force in the contact gap.
  • the permanently activated spring force can cause the solder connection between the contact spring and the contact surface of the VDR resistor to prematurely release.
  • this known thermal switch as a thermal fuse switch for a braking resistor is out of the question.
  • the thermal switch used here is primarily voltage-dependent, because the melting temperature of the solder joint can only be reached when a predetermined nominal voltage is exceeded. However, this melting temperature can only be achieved if the overvoltage is long enough, i. is present until reaching this predetermined temperature. The functioning of this known thermal switch is thus also time-dependent. As a thermal fuse switch for braking resistors of the type mentioned this known thermal switch is therefore unsuitable.
  • thermal switch for switching off a braking resistor of the type mentioned or excludes such application is its design as a voltage-dependent breaker switch to Suppression of excessive operating voltages or voltage peaks in an electrical circuit.
  • the aluminum housing provided there is pressed flat side, which would inevitably lead to the destruction of the thermal switch. It is not without reason that the thermal switch provided there is also arranged on the outside of the aluminum housing.
  • the invention has for its object to provide in a simple, flat design a thermal fuse switch for a braking resistor of the type mentioned, even if the brake resistor high voltages applied and high currents flow, upon reaching a certain critical operating temperature reliable shutdown of the Circuit of the braking resistor with simultaneous interruption resulting arc causes.
  • the contact elements electrically connected in series with the resistance winding are arranged in the interior of the winding carrier carrying the resistance winding, and in that, in order to separate and fully cover the contact surfaces of the contact elements, an insulating isolating slide is provided in the contact plane in the interior of the winding carrier, and in that, for the purpose of carrying out the separating switching movement of the separating slide, there is also provided a switching spring which is likewise arranged in the interior of the winding carrier and which is activated by means of a melting bar which is released when a melting temperature is reached and which is arranged separately from the contact elements.
  • the switching device according to the invention has the considerable advantage that it neither current dependent nor voltage-dependent, but only temperature-dependent, so that only briefly occurring overvoltages and / or high Currents do not lead to an interruption or failure of the braking resistor. On the other hand, it is also ensured that even at high voltages no standing arc can form between the contact surfaces, so that a safe, safe shutdown of the risk of overloading brake resistor is guaranteed.
  • this arrangement has the functionally important advantage that the fuse-related parts, in particular the fuse, spatial are arranged in the braking resistor where the highest operating temperatures occur first, so that they can react almost instantaneously.
  • the embodiment of the invention according to claim 2 with the use of a compression spring has the advantage that it is easy to manufacture and handle and with respect to their spring force in the required strength, even with small construction, easily dimensioned.
  • the hollow body used in this case also represents a well-suited means for transmitting the spring force to the isolation slide, to effect its rapid and powerful movement.
  • Another important advantage of this embodiment is that the switching spring is stable until the time of its activation, i. until released by the melted melted bar, has no influence on the contact elements.
  • the contacting contact surfaces of the contact elements can carry high currents and high voltages, it often happens in practice that when the contact elements lie only by spring pressure on each other, by small arcing, a welding of the contacting contact surfaces, so that a later separation by the slide no longer guaranteed can be. It is therefore advantageous to solder together the contact elements according to claim 9 by means of a solder, the melting temperature of which is either equal to or less than the melting temperature of the switching spring holding meltbolt. The so interconnected contacts can not form arcs and thus not weld together.
  • thermal fuse switch 1 In the illustrated in the drawing figures preferred embodiment of the thermal fuse switch 1 according to the invention this is housed in a formed of a plurality of insulating plates 10 block 1 'and spatially completely integrated into the winding support 2 of a trained as a block-like body 3 braking resistor.
  • FIG. 7 the functional active parts of the thermal fuse switch 1 are shown in isometric view.
  • This thermal fuse switch 1 consists of two contact elements 4 and 5, which are resilient to each other.
  • the contact element 4 is formed as a flat, relatively narrow contact tongue with an upwardly bent connecting part 6 and fixedly mounted in the block 1 '.
  • the contact element 5 has a V-shaped cross-sectional shape and is an integral part of a spring arm 7, which in turn is an integral part of an elongated, flat arm 8 with a connecting piece 9.
  • the arm 8 and the contact element 4 are tightly embedded in the consisting of several stacked Isolierstoffplatten 10 block 1 ', wherein the spring arm 7 is located with the contact element 5 in a cavity 11 which allows a vertical lifting movement of the contact element 5 from the contact element 4.
  • a flat plate separator slide 13 On the rear end portion 12 of the flat contact element 4 is a, preferably made of ceramic, formed as a flat plate separator slide 13 which is mounted in the longitudinal direction of the flat contact element 4 movable in the block 1 '.
  • This isolating slide 13 serves to separate the two contact elements 4 and 5, which lie on one another with a certain spring pressure, in which it is pushed between these two in the direction of the arrow 14. It can be seen that the width b of the separating slide 13 is substantially greater than the width b1 of the contact element 4. Thus, the separating slide 13 is also wider than the common contact surface of the two contact elements 4 and 5.
  • the length s of the separating slide 13 is selected in that, in its switching position shown in FIG.
  • the separating slide projects beyond the contact surfaces of the two contact elements 4 and 5 in the parting plane to all sides. This ensures that even at high operating voltages between the separate contact elements 4 and 5 can form no standing arc.
  • a hollow body 16 For actuating the isolating slide 13, i. to its displacement in the direction of the arrow 14, within a space provided in the block 1 'cavity 15 in which it is guided spatially, a hollow body 16 is provided which in the illustrated in Figs. 8 to 17 different embodiments each as a cylindrical tube is trained.
  • this hollow body 16 has a closed end wall 17, in each case on the end facing the separating slide 13 and adjacent thereto, on which a switching spring 19 seated in the cavity 18 of the hollow body 16, preferably designed as a compression spring, supported.
  • the hollow body 16 is loosely in a cavity 22 of the block 1 '.
  • This cavity 22 has a stop wall 23, which faces this hollow body 16 on its front wall 17 and the flange 20 opposite end face.
  • This cavity 22 is arranged so that the hollow body 16 can move in him so far that he at its movement in the direction of the arrow 14, the separating slide 13 between the two contact elements 4 and 5 push and they can separate from each other.
  • This sliding movement of the separating slide 13 is performed by the switching spring 19 upon reaching a certain, namely the critical operating temperature.
  • the end of the hollow body 16 opposite the end wall 17 or the flange ring 20 is closed by a melting bar 25 on which the switching spring 19 is supported with its second end 26.
  • the switching spring 19 is ineffective in this state.
  • the melting bar 25 has in all embodiments, the special property of releasing the spring end 27 of the switching spring 19 when reaching a certain operating temperature corresponding to its melting temperature, so that this is supported on the stop wall 23 and the switching spring 19 movement of the hollow body 16 and the Isolating slide 13 in the direction of arrow 14 can cause.
  • the hollow body 16 is located with the end wall 17 and the annular flange 20 at the rear transverse edge 26 of the separating slide 13 at.
  • the melted bar 25 consists of a transverse pin 31 seated in two coaxial transverse bores 32 made of a solder material which has a melting point corresponding to the maximum, ie critical, operating temperature.
  • this cross pin 31 When this cross pin 31 is brought to melt, it releases the spring end 27 of the switch spring 19, so that they are supported on the stop wall 23 and can perform the axial movement of the hollow body 26 in the direction of arrow 14.
  • the melting bar 25 has the task to keep the switching spring 19 ineffective, d. H. to prevent the escape from the cavity 18 and abutment against the stop wall 23 until the predetermined, critical operating temperature is reached. The melting bar 25 then releases the spring end 27 in order to push the separating slide 13 between the two contact elements 4 and 5.
  • the melted bar 25 consists of a soldered into the open end of the hollow body 16 with a brazing 33 certain melting temperature metal plug 34, which, when the braze 33 is melted, from the switching spring 19 from the hollow body 16 out and is pressed against the stop wall 23.
  • the melt bar 25 consists of a flat stop element 35, which projects with two diametrically opposed radial fingers 36 and 37 in two axially open at its front side axial grooves 38 and 39 at the open end of the hollow body 16 and there by means of a Braze 40 is attached.
  • this braze 40 reaches the critical operating temperature melts, the stop element 35 is released and pressed by the spring end 27 out of the hollow body 16 against the stop wall 23.
  • the spring end 27 of the switching spring 19 is soldered directly by means of a Hartlotpfropfens 41 with the tail of the hollow body 16, that is connected cohesively.
  • the Winding carrier 2 integrated.
  • This consists of two elongated insulating plates 45 and 46, which enclose the block 1 'between them and are interconnected by two transverse end pieces 47 and 48.
  • the two insulating plates 45 and 46 carry the resistance winding 49.
  • the one wire end 50 of the resistance winding 49 is welded to the connecting piece 9 of the contact element 5, while the other end 51 of the resistance winding 49 is connected to a connecting wire 52.
  • the second lead wire 53 is connected to the terminal part 6 of the contact element 4, so that the contact elements 4 and 5 of the thermal fuse switch 1 are connected in series with the resistance winding 49.
  • the resistance winding 49 is wound around the two insulating panels 45 and 46 and covered by additional insulating panels 54 and 55 which are connected by rivets 56 to the end pieces 47 and 48.
  • the two insulating plates 45 and 46 each protrude into slot openings 57 and 58, respectively.
  • the resistance winding 49 is wound directly on the block 1 'of the thermal fuse switch 1 and covered by two insulating plates 59 and 60, respectively.
  • the ends of these Isolierstoffplatten 59 and 60 are each connected by rivets 56 with two insulating end pieces 47 'and 48', so that a total of a block-like body 3 is formed, which contains both the resistance winding 49 and the thermal fuse switch 1 according to the invention.
  • the body 3 thus formed can be inserted into the matching recess 61 of a metal housing 63 provided with cooling fins 62, which consists for example of an aluminum alloy and is produced by the extrusion process ,
  • brazing material must be used. At melting temperatures below 450 ° it is called soft solder.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Stopping Of Electric Motors (AREA)
  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Interrupteur à fusible thermique comprenant au moins deux éléments de contact (4, 5) se trouvant en contact direct sous pression de ressort pour une résistance de freinage d'un moteur électrique, laquelle convertit en chaleur et dissipe l'énergie électrique qui est produite lors du passage du moteur électrique du mode moteur en mode générateur, la résistance de freinage étant enroulée sous la forme d'un enroulement résistif (49) sur un support d'enroulement (2),
    caractérisé en ce
    que les éléments de contact (4, 5) branchés électriquement en série avec l'enroulement résistif (49) sont disposés à l'intérieur du support d'enroulement (2) portant l'enroulement résistif (49) et
    que pour la séparation et le recouvrement complet des surfaces de contact des éléments de contact (4, 5), il est prévu un coulisseau de séparation (13) isolant, situé dans leur plan de contact à l'intérieur du support d'enroulement (2), et
    que pour l'exécution du mouvement de commande séparatif (flèche 14) du coulisseau de séparation (13), il est prévu un ressort de commande (19) également disposé à l'intérieur du support d'enroulement (2), qui est activé au moyen d'un verrou fusible (25) qui est disposé séparément des éléments de contact (4, 5) et libéré en cas d'atteinte d'une température de fusion.
  2. Interrupteur à fusible thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le ressort de commande (19) se trouve dans un corps creux oblong (16) situé entre le coulisseau de séparation (13) et une paroi de butée (23), dont l'extrémité opposée à la paroi de butée (23) est pourvue d'un élément d'appui (17, 20) sur lequel une extrémité de ressort d'un ressort de commande (19) réalisé sous forme de ressort de compression porte avec précontrainte, l'autre extrémité de ressort (27) étant empêchée de sortir de la cavité (18) par le verrou fusible (25) au niveau de l'extrémité de la cavité (18) tournée vers la paroi de butée (23).
  3. Interrupteur à fusible thermique selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le verrou fusible (25) est réalisé sous forme de tige (31) qui traverse deux perçages transversaux coaxiaux (32) du corps creux (16) et est réalisé dans un matériau, par exemple en métal d'apport de brasage fort, qui présente une température de fusion correspondant à la température de fonctionnement critique.
  4. Interrupteur à fusible thermique selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le verrou fusible (25) est constitué d'un bouchon métallique (34) soudé dans l'extrémité ouverte du corps creux (16) avec un métal d'apport de brasage fort (33) d'une température de fusion définie.
  5. Interrupteur à fusible thermique selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le verrou fusible (25) est constitué d'un élément de butée qui présente deux doigts radiaux (36, 37) diamétralement opposés qui sont soudés dans des fentes axiales (38, 39) ouvertes frontalement au moyen d'un métal d'apport de brasage fort (40) d'une température de fusion définie.
  6. Interrupteur à fusible thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le verrou fusible (25) est constitué d'un bouchon en métal d'apport de brasage fort à travers lequel une extrémité du ressort de commande (19) est soudée dans le corps creux (16).
  7. Interrupteur à fusible thermique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le coulisseau de séparation (13), dans sa position de séparation, dépasse de tous les côtés les surfaces de contact des deux éléments de contact (4, 5) dans le plan de séparation.
  8. Interrupteur à fusible thermique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le coulisseau de séparation (13) est en céramique.
  9. Interrupteur à fusible thermique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les deux éléments de contact (4, 5) sont soudés ensemble au moyen d'un métal d'apport de brasage dont la température de fusion correspond à celle du verrou fusible (25) ou est inférieure.
EP05016745A 2004-10-13 2005-08-02 interrupteur fusible thermique pour résistance de freinage Active EP1648007B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202004015807U DE202004015807U1 (de) 2004-10-13 2004-10-13 Thermosicherungsschalter für Bremswiderstand

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1648007A1 EP1648007A1 (fr) 2006-04-19
EP1648007B1 true EP1648007B1 (fr) 2007-07-11

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ID=34072252

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05016745A Active EP1648007B1 (fr) 2004-10-13 2005-08-02 interrupteur fusible thermique pour résistance de freinage

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1648007B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE366990T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE202004015807U1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1852878B2 (fr) † 2007-04-02 2016-06-01 DBK David + Baader GmbH Module de résistance électrique
DE102008052545A1 (de) * 2008-10-21 2010-04-22 Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co. Kg Anordnung mit Bremswiderstand
CN109317619A (zh) * 2018-11-14 2019-02-12 安徽应流集团霍山铸造有限公司 一种阶梯式浇注装置

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6430019B1 (en) * 1998-06-08 2002-08-06 Ferraz S.A. Circuit protection device
DE20311068U1 (de) * 2003-07-18 2003-09-25 Türk & Hillinger GmbH, 78532 Tuttlingen Bremswiderstand für Elektromotoren

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE202004015807U1 (de) 2005-01-13
DE502005001008D1 (de) 2007-08-23
EP1648007A1 (fr) 2006-04-19
ATE366990T1 (de) 2007-08-15

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