EP0828273B1 - Interrupteur avec un élément de sécurité - Google Patents

Interrupteur avec un élément de sécurité Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0828273B1
EP0828273B1 EP97109367A EP97109367A EP0828273B1 EP 0828273 B1 EP0828273 B1 EP 0828273B1 EP 97109367 A EP97109367 A EP 97109367A EP 97109367 A EP97109367 A EP 97109367A EP 0828273 B1 EP0828273 B1 EP 0828273B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
temperature
switch
movable contact
contact
disk
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97109367A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0828273A3 (fr
EP0828273A2 (fr
Inventor
Marcel Hofsäss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HOFSAESS, MARCEL
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0828273A2 publication Critical patent/EP0828273A2/fr
Publication of EP0828273A3 publication Critical patent/EP0828273A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0828273B1 publication Critical patent/EP0828273B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/002—Thermally-actuated switches combined with protective means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H61/00—Electrothermal relays
    • H01H61/01—Details
    • H01H61/0107—Details making use of shape memory materials
    • H01H2061/0115—Shape memory alloy [SMA] actuator formed by coil spring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/323—Thermally-sensitive members making use of shape memory materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/52—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a switch with a a switching temperature switching mechanism to open and Close one that can be connected to the switch's external connections Circuit, with a spring snap washer, approximately in the middle carries a movable contact and is circumferentially attached to one Supported part of the housing, via which they with an external connection is electrically connected, the movable contact depending of the temperature of a bimetal part in the system with a fixed, electrically with another external connection connected contact, and with a security element that its shape changes to a high temperature shape when its temperature reached a transition temperature that is above the response temperature lies.
  • Such a switch is known from DE-A-25 11 214.
  • the moving contact is made by one cantilever spring element held while at the second, here in the foreground, the movable one Contact arranged approximately in the middle of a spring snap washer is, which is freely inserted in a housing and with her Edge supported on a housing part of the switch.
  • the spring element can either be made of Bimetal or be made of spring steel.
  • the spring element is made of bimetal, the result is a structurally very simple design, which, however, the The disadvantage is that the switching properties of the bimetal through the self-heating of electricity. This prevents if a separate bimetal part is provided, that works against the force of the spring element.
  • Such switches can be used both as openers and Closer should be designed, with the bimetal part above its response temperature then either the moving contact pushes away from the fixed contact or in contact with this brings.
  • a series resistor gives a switch provided with it additionally a current sensitivity by the switch flowing current namely heats the series resistance, whereby the ohmic heat generated in this increases the Temperature of the bimetal part above the response temperature and thus leads to the opening of the switch when the flowing Current has exceeded a certain limit.
  • Such switches are e.g. with a consumer to be protected connected in series to prevent this from overheating and / or to protect overcurrent. You will find in particular on Protection of electric motors, transformers, electrical Household appliances etc. use.
  • the temperature of the increases monitoring device with which the switch is in thermal communication stands until the melting temperature of the fuse is reached. The fuse then opens that the circuit is irreversibly interrupted by which the electrical consumers to be protected is fed.
  • a temperature monitor is known from DE-A-25 11 214 already mentioned at the beginning known in which two rear derailleur with different high response temperatures in series are switched.
  • the rear derailleur with the lower response temperature serves as a temperature controller, while the Switchgear with the higher response temperature than overtemperature circuit breaker serves.
  • the two constructed in the same way Rear derailleurs have bimetallic snap disks on spring snap disks act, each one arranged centrally wear movable contact.
  • the spring snap disc preferably has serving as a high temperature circuit breaker Rear derailleur only in a stable position, which they in the off position occupies. This prevents after a safety shutdown and subsequent cooling this spring snap washer back to its original position passes over and closes the contact again.
  • a temperature monitor is known from EP-A2-0 451 678, which is constructed according to a different construction principle.
  • a The bimetallic disc carries two movable contacts there at the same time when a response temperature of fixed Counter contacts lifted off and after cooling again at the same time be lowered on it.
  • the bimetal washer between two coil springs clamped, one of which is made from a shape memory alloy consists. If a temperature is higher than the response temperature Transition temperature exceeded, then the Coil spring made of the shape memory alloy irreversible together so that the other coil spring is the bimetal washer stands out from the counter contacts.
  • this object is achieved with the above-mentioned Switch released in that the safety element on the spring snap disc acts, causing the movable contact in Dependence on the temperature of the safety element in the system with the fixed contact, and that the security element is made of a shape memory alloy, so that it is in its high-temperature shape even in moving contact a security situation holds when the temperature of the security element drops below the transition temperature again.
  • the object underlying the invention is based on this Way completely solved.
  • Such shape memory alloys have been around for several years known, they are characterized in that they are exceeded the high temperature form of the transformation temperature accept again, regardless of what form they are in the cold Condition previously brought. Further information for such shape memory alloys there are e.g. in the theme volume “Alloys with shape memory”, contact andvent, volume 259, Expertverlag, Ehningen, 1988, or Spektrum dermaschine, 1980, Issue 1, pages 48-57, Donald Schetky: "Alloys that remember shapes”.
  • the so-called one-way effect occurs when a shape memory alloy in martensitic Condition in the area below a critical degree of deformation is permanently deformed.
  • those in the range between -150 C and +150 C the original shape is restored, which is then retained even after cooling.
  • the advantage here is that the security element itself for this ensures that the movable contact part is permanently in its safety position remains.
  • the security element once to a temperature above its transition temperature has been heated, it irreversibly takes its High temperature mold in which there is the movable contact part permanently either in contact with the fixed contact part or holds out of contact with the fixed contact part, depending after whether the switch is a normally open or normally closed.
  • the advantage of this application is particularly in the constructive simple construction the new switch by using a shape memory alloy with one-way effect as Has security element.
  • the spring snap washer is usually free in a lower part of the housing inserted, which either consists of metal or but carries an insert on its bottom on which the Spring snap washer supported on the edge and to the outside is connected to the external connection.
  • This lower housing part is closed with a cover part, which is either from electrically conductive material or of insulating material is made. If both the cover part and the lower part of the housing are electrically conductive, they are through an insulating film electrically isolated from each other. If only one of the two housing parts is electrically conductive the contacting is usually electrical on this one conductive housing part and the other through the wall of the other Part of the housing. It is also possible to use both housing parts made of electrically insulating or electrically conductive To manufacture material.
  • the spring snap washer is usually made of spring steel. With a temperature monitor designed as a break contact presses this spring snap disc below the response temperature the moving contact against the fixed contact, the current flowing through the switch via the spring washer to be led. Over the contact is a bimetallic snap disc put that above the response temperature against the force of the spring snap washer the moving contact pushes away from the fixed contact, which is why it turns around supported on a housing part.
  • 10 generally designates a switch that there is shown schematically in longitudinal section.
  • the Switch 10 comprises a housing 11 made of insulating material in which a temperature-dependent switching mechanism 12 is arranged.
  • the switch 10 has two external connections 14, 15, via which in series with an electrical consumer to be protected and its supply voltage is switched. Internally the switch 10, two contact rails 17, 18 are arranged, which are electrically connected to the external connections 15 and 14, respectively are.
  • the switching mechanism 12 comprises a movable contact 21 which is connected to a free end 22 one at its other end 23 on the Contact rail 17 attached spring element 24 is arranged.
  • the spring element 24 a bimetallic part 25 in the position shown in FIG. 1 presses the movable contact 21 against a fixed contact 26, which is attached to the upper contact rail 18.
  • the switch 10 In the position shown in Fig. 1, the switch 10 is closed, between the two external connections 14 and 15 via the contact rail 18, the fixed contact 26, the movable Contact 21, the spring element 24 and the contact rail 17 a low-resistance electrically conductive connection.
  • the switch 10 also includes a security element 24 in the form a compression spring 28 made of a shape memory alloy.
  • the Compression spring 28 is on the top of an insulating piece 29 Contact rail 18 attached.
  • the compression spring 28 In the temperature ranges corresponding to the switch positions 10 from FIGS. 1 and 2, the compression spring 28 the helical shape shown there. If the However, the temperature of the compression spring is above the response temperature lying transformation temperature increases, so converts their shape into the high temperature shape shown in Fig. 3 31, in which it the spring element 24 in the indicated at 32 Security situation presses.
  • the compression spring 28 is made of a shape memory alloy Made one-way effect, which means that the compression spring 28th maintains its high temperature shape 31 even when the Temperature back to well below the transition temperature decreases. This means that the compression spring 28 the Switch 10 keeps open permanently (even if the temperature drops again). Of course, this requires that the Force that the compression spring 28 in its high temperature form 31st exerts on the spring element 24 is greater than the closing force, with which the spring element 24, the movable contact 21 on the to press fixed contact 26.
  • the necessary setting of the spring constant of Spring element 24 and compression spring 28 can be selected by the Adjust alloys and normal deformation.
  • FIG. 4 is a second embodiment of a switch 40 shown, the lower housing part 41 and one of these closing cover part 42 includes.
  • a temperature-dependent switching mechanism indicated at 43 43 arranged in the lower part of the housing 41 .
  • the switching mechanism 43 includes one freely in the lower housing part 41 inserted spring snap disk 45, which is approximately centric carries movable contact 46, over which a bimetallic snap disc 47 is turned over.
  • the spring snap disk 45 supports with its edge 49 on the inside of the lower housing part 41 and presses the movable contact 46 against one inside the fixed part 51 provided for the cover part 42.
  • the fixed contact Contact 51 extends through the rivet 52 Cover part 42 and goes outside into a first outer connection 43 over.
  • Lower housing part 41 has a second external connection 54 since it is made of electrically conductive material is made while the Cover part 42 consists of electrically insulating material.
  • the switching mechanism 43 also has a security element 55 in Form a disk 56 made of a shape memory alloy.
  • the disc 56 is with its center hole 57 over the movable Contact 46 is turned over and is supported with its edge 58 on one Shoulder 59 of the lower housing part 41. Sitting on the edge 58 the cover part 42 with a circular ring projection 61.
  • the cover part 42 is through a flange 62 of the lower housing part 41 held captive on this. So that the edge 58 the disc 56 still has a certain mobility compared to the Receives shoulder 59 is a circumferential on the ring projection 61 Collar 63 is provided, which is directly on the shoulder 59 rests.
  • the game between ring projection 61 and edge 58 of Disc 56 is not shown in FIG. 4 for reasons of clarity to see.
  • the position of the switch 40 in Fig. 4 corresponds to the position of the switch 10 in FIG. 1, the bimetallic snap disk 57 is below their response temperature. Increases the temperature of the bimetallic snap disk 47 to above the Response temperature, this presses with its edge 64 from below against the disc 56 and presses against the force of the spring snap disc 45 the movable contact 46 from the fixed Contact 51 gone. The position that the switch 40 then occupies corresponds to that shown in FIG. 2 for the switch 10.

Landscapes

  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
  • Pens And Brushes (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Interrupteur comportant un mécanisme de commutation (43), commutant à une température de réponse, pour l'ouverture et la fermeture d'un circuit pouvant être raccordé à des bornes extérieures (53, 54) de l'interrupteur (40), comportant un disque à déclic à ressort (45) qui porte approximativement au milieu un contact mobile (46) et qui prend appui périphériquement sur une partie de boítier (41), par laquelle il est relié électriquement à une borne extérieure (54), le contact mobile s'appliquant, en fonction de la température d'un élément bimétallique (47), contre un contact (51) fixe, relié électriquement à une autre borne extérieure (53), et comportant un élément de sécurité (55) qui modifie sa forme dans une forme de haute température lorsque sa température atteint une température de transformation qui est supérieure à la température de réponse,
    caractérisé en ce que l'élément de sécurité (55) agit sur le disque à déclic à ressort (45), ce qui fait que le contact mobile (46) s'applique, en fonction de la température de l'élément de sécurité (55), contre le contact fixe (51), et en ce que l'élément de sécurité (55) est réalisé dans un alliage à mémoire de forme, de sorte que dans sa forme de haute température, il maintient le contact mobile (46) dans une position de sécurité même lorsque la température de l'élément de sécurité (55) passe à nouveau sous la température de transformation.
  2. Interrupteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'au disque à déclic à ressort (45) est associé un disque à déclic bimétallique (47) qui est emboíté sur le contact mobile (46) et qui, au-dessus de la température de réponse, prend appui périphériquement sur une partie de boítier (41).
  3. Interrupteur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de sécurité (55) est un disque (56) qui est emboíté sur le contact mobile (46) et qui prend appui, au moins dans sa forme de haute température, sur une partie de boítier (61).
  4. Interrupteur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le disque (56) est fixé périphériquement sur une partie de boítier (61, 59).
  5. Interrupteur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le disque (56) est maintenu périphériquement sur un épaulement (59) entre une partie inférieure (41) du boítier et une partie formant couvercle (42).
EP97109367A 1996-09-10 1997-06-10 Interrupteur avec un élément de sécurité Expired - Lifetime EP0828273B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19636640 1996-09-10
DE19636640A DE19636640C2 (de) 1996-09-10 1996-09-10 Schalter mit einem Sicherheitselement

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0828273A2 EP0828273A2 (fr) 1998-03-11
EP0828273A3 EP0828273A3 (fr) 1998-11-18
EP0828273B1 true EP0828273B1 (fr) 2003-08-27

Family

ID=7805091

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97109367A Expired - Lifetime EP0828273B1 (fr) 1996-09-10 1997-06-10 Interrupteur avec un élément de sécurité

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6091315A (fr)
EP (1) EP0828273B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE248432T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19636640C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2205088T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT828273E (fr)

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19909059C2 (de) 1999-03-02 2003-10-16 Marcel Hofsaes Schalter mit Verschweißsicherung
DE10062704A1 (de) * 2000-12-15 2002-07-04 Siemens Ag Elektromechanisches Bauelement
DE10119290A1 (de) * 2001-04-20 2002-10-24 Conti Temic Microelectronic Stellelement, insbesondere als Teil eines Stellantriebs für ein Bilderfassungssystem
US7071809B2 (en) * 2002-11-25 2006-07-04 Honeywell International Inc. Thermal fuse containing bimetallic sensing element
US7345568B2 (en) * 2005-05-03 2008-03-18 Tsung-Mou Yu Dual protection device for circuits
US7345569B2 (en) * 2005-05-03 2008-03-18 Tsung-Mou Yu Temperature sensitive protection device for circuits
DE102007042188B3 (de) * 2007-08-28 2009-04-09 Hofsaess, Marcel P. Temperaturabhängiger Schalter mit Selbsthaltefunktion
US7737816B1 (en) * 2008-11-25 2010-06-15 Tsung Mou Yu Dual protection device for circuit
US7808361B1 (en) * 2008-11-25 2010-10-05 Tsung Mou Yu Dual protection device for circuit
US7750788B2 (en) * 2008-12-09 2010-07-06 Tsung Mou Yu Dual protection device for circuit
US7791448B2 (en) * 2008-12-12 2010-09-07 Tsung Mou Yu Dual protection device for circuit
US8941461B2 (en) 2011-02-02 2015-01-27 Tyco Electronics Corporation Three-function reflowable circuit protection device
US9455106B2 (en) * 2011-02-02 2016-09-27 Littelfuse, Inc. Three-function reflowable circuit protection device
DE202016104274U1 (de) * 2016-08-04 2017-11-08 INTER CONTROL Hermann Köhler Elektrik GmbH & Co KG Thermische Schalteinrichtung
DE102019128367B4 (de) 2019-10-21 2021-06-10 Marcel P. HOFSAESS Temperaturabhängiger schalter

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2511214C2 (de) * 1975-03-14 1984-08-09 Peter 7530 Pforzheim Hofsäss Temperaturregeleinrichtung für elektrische Geräte
US4325047A (en) * 1980-04-09 1982-04-13 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Temperature responsive switch
GB2077510A (en) * 1980-06-06 1981-12-16 Gen Electric Co Ltd Thermally responsive switches
DE3234373A1 (de) * 1982-09-16 1984-05-10 Peter 7530 Pforzheim Hofsäss Vorrichtung zum temperatur- und/oder stromabhaengigen schalten einer elektrischen verbindung
US4679023A (en) * 1986-08-14 1987-07-07 Honeywell Inc. Over-temperature control for a thermostat
JPH0244232U (fr) * 1988-09-21 1990-03-27
US4990883A (en) * 1989-06-09 1991-02-05 Raychem Corporation Actuator which can be locked when exposed to a high temperature
KR940002671B1 (ko) * 1990-04-06 1994-03-28 가부시끼가이샤 히다찌세이사꾸쇼 과부하 보호장치
DE4345350C2 (de) * 1993-10-30 1997-05-22 Hofsaes Geb Zeitz Ulrika Temperaturabhängiger Schalter sowie Verfahren für dessen Herstellung
JP2791383B2 (ja) * 1994-06-10 1998-08-27 ウチヤ・サーモスタット株式会社 二重安全サーモスタット

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59710647D1 (de) 2003-10-02
ES2205088T3 (es) 2004-05-01
EP0828273A3 (fr) 1998-11-18
EP0828273A2 (fr) 1998-03-11
ATE248432T1 (de) 2003-09-15
DE19636640C2 (de) 1999-02-18
US6091315A (en) 2000-07-18
PT828273E (pt) 2004-01-30
DE19636640A1 (de) 1998-03-12

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