EP1646921A1 - Spannungsregler mit stromspiegel zum auskoppeln eines teilstroms - Google Patents
Spannungsregler mit stromspiegel zum auskoppeln eines teilstromsInfo
- Publication number
- EP1646921A1 EP1646921A1 EP04762377A EP04762377A EP1646921A1 EP 1646921 A1 EP1646921 A1 EP 1646921A1 EP 04762377 A EP04762377 A EP 04762377A EP 04762377 A EP04762377 A EP 04762377A EP 1646921 A1 EP1646921 A1 EP 1646921A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- transistor
- voltage regulator
- current
- transistors
- pmos
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F3/00—Non-retroactive systems for regulating electric variables by using an uncontrolled element, or an uncontrolled combination of elements, such element or such combination having self-regulating properties
- G05F3/02—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F3/08—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC
- G05F3/10—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics
- G05F3/16—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices
- G05F3/20—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices using diode- transistor combinations
- G05F3/26—Current mirrors
- G05F3/267—Current mirrors using both bipolar and field-effect technology
Definitions
- the invention relates to a voltage regulator with a current mirror for decoupling a partial current.
- the decoupled partial current can then be compared, for example, with a reference current to determine whether the load current supplied by the voltage regulator is still within the permissible range.
- the partial current can thus help to implement a current limiter in the voltage regulator.
- the on-chip operating voltages are usually smaller than the voltage applied to the outside of the chip.
- Voltage regulators integrated on the chip are therefore required to reduce the external voltage. These can be based on N-channel MOS technology, for example.
- N-channel MOS technology for example.
- series regulators also have a charge pump.
- an NMOS transistor as the output transistor advantageously offers better suppression of the input voltage and less
- both transistors in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, that is to say transistors P1 and P2, see the same control voltage between gate and source. This means that the voltage drop UGS between gate and source must be the same for both transistors P1 and P2. If the two gate connections of the two transistors P1 and P2 are now connected to one another, a current mirror is produced, the magnitude of the current 12 reflected being determined from the ratio of the channel width of the first transistor P1 to the channel width of the second transistor P2.
- FIG. 1 shows a corresponding current mirror with PMOS transistors, as can be used in the voltage regulator with PMOS output transistor mentioned.
- the current mirror consists of a first PMOS transistor Pl, which is also the series transistor of the voltage regulator, and a second PMOS transistor P2.
- the two source connections of the first and second PMOS transistors P1 and P2 are connected to one another.
- An external supply voltage VDDEXT is applied to them.
- the gate connections of the two PMOS transistors P1 and P2 are also connected to one another.
- the two transistors P1 and P2 are controlled via the common gate thus formed. Since the relationship If the channel widths of the two PMOS transistors P1 and P2 is 1: 1000, the partial current mirrored out via the second PMOS transistor P2 is 12 1/1000 of the load current II flowing through the first PMOS transistor P1 II: 1000.
- An object of the invention is to provide a voltage regulator with a current mirror for decoupling a partial current, in which the voltage regulator has an NMOS transistor as the series transistor.
- the object is achieved by a voltage regulator with a current mirror for decoupling a partial current with the features according to claim 1.
- the voltage regulator according to the invention with a current mirror for decoupling a partial current comprises a first NMOS transistor as the series transistor.
- the voltage regulator has a second NMOS transistor, which forms a current mirror with the first NMOS transistor.
- the first NMOS transistor is connected in series with a first PMOS transistor and a third transistor.
- the second NMOS transistor is also connected in series with a second PMOS transistor and a fourth transistor, the control inputs of the first and the second PMOS transistor being connected to one another and the control inputs of the third and fourth transistor having a control connection for adjustment the size of the partial stream to be coupled out.
- the partial stream can be tapped at an output of the current mirror.
- a capacitor is additionally provided, which is connected between the control outputs of the first and the second PMOS transistor.
- the first PMOS transistor forms a diode.
- the first and the second PMOS transistors can advantageously be of the same size.
- the fourth transistor of the voltage regulator according to the invention advantageously forms a diode.
- the third and fourth transistor can have the same size.
- the third and fourth transistors can be designed as NMOS transistors.
- the voltage regulator according to the invention has a comparison signal output which is connected to the control output of the second
- PMOS transistor is connected to provide a signal which represents the result of a comparison between a reference current that can be applied to the control connection and the partial current.
- the comparison signal thus formed can be used as a control signal for a current limiter.
- the first NMOS transistor can be connected in series with a third PMOS transistor and a fifth transistor.
- the voltage regulator also has a comparison signal output which is connected to the control output of the third PMOS transistor in order to provide a signal Set, which is the result of a comparison between a reference current that can be applied to the control connection and the partial current
- the comparison signal thus formed can be used as a control signal for a current limiter.
- the drain connections of the first and the second NMOS transistor are connected to one another.
- the voltage regulator can be designed as a series regulator and can comprise a charge pump which is connected to the control inputs of the first and the second NMOS transistor.
- the voltage regulator according to the invention can be designed as a low-drop voltage regulator. This has the advantage that the voltage drop between the input and the output of the voltage regulator is extremely small.
- Figure 1 shows the structure of a current mirror with two PMOS transistors.
- Figure 2 shows the basic principle of a current mirror constructed with two NMOS transistors.
- FIG. 3 shows a circuit in which a current mirror with NMOS transistors is used.
- FIG. 4 shows the basic structure of a voltage regulator with an NMOS transistor as a series transistor, the NMOS transistor also being part of the current mirror. Ways of Carrying Out the Invention
- FIG. 2 shows the basic principle of a current mirror having two NMOS transistors N1 and N2.
- the drain connections of the NMOS transistors N1 and N2 are connected to one another and are connected to the external voltage VDDEXT.
- the source connections and the gate connections of the two transistors N1 and N2 must be connected or have the same potentials. If the two source connections of transistors N1 and N2 are connected to one another, the desired partial current can only be tapped at the drain of transistor N2 and would have to be repeated with PMOS in order to be able to compare it with a reference current.
- Transistors are mirrored down. However, this would require a higher voltage than the external operating voltage VDDEXT.
- the second possibility, namely to bring the two source connections of the transistors N1 and N2 to the same potential, is used in the circuit described in FIG. 3.
- the circuit shown in FIG. 3 has a current mirror with the two NMOS transistors N1 and N2 and a comparison unit for comparing the mirrored partial current
- the circuit described has the advantage that, despite a very small voltage difference between the input and the output of the voltage regulator, the desired partial current 12 can be mirrored. This cannot be achieved with the help of an additional PMOS current mirror that is connected to the supply path.
- a Current mirror when the gate-source voltages UGS of two NMOS transistors are the same size. The easiest way to achieve this is to connect the gate and source connections of both transistors. The input and the output of the current mirror are then on the drain side of the transistors. In the case of a voltage regulator with NMOS transistors, however, the output of the partial current must be on the source side of the NMOS transistors, so that the two source connections cannot simply be connected to one another. Otherwise it would no longer be possible to distinguish between the entrance and exit.
- the problem is solved in that it is ensured that the same potential is present at the source connections of the two NMOS transistors N1 and N2 without the source connections being firmly connected to one another.
- a PMOS cascode circuit ensures that the source of the NMOS transistor N2, which decouples the desired partial current 12, is at the same potential as the source of the NMOS transistor N1, which forms the main transistor.
- a comparison can be made between the decoupled or mirrored partial stream 12 and a reference current IREF.
- the current mirror has the two NMOS transistors N1 and N2, which are connected to one another on the drain side and are connected to the external operating voltage VDDEXT.
- the two gate connections of the NMOS transistors N1 and N2 are likewise connected to one another and lead to a control input IN, via which the current mirror can be controlled.
- the channel width ratio of the two transistors N2 and Nl is 1: 1000.
- the first NMOS transistor Nl forms a series circuit with a first PMOS transistor P1 and a further NMOS transistor N3. Another series circuit is formed by transistor N2, a second PMOS transistor P2 and a fourth NMOS transistor N4.
- the first PMOS transistor P1 working as a diode is connected on the gate side to the gate of the second PMOS transistor P2, which is preferably of the same size.
- a capacitor C is additionally connected between the source connections of the first and second PMOS transistors P1 and P2.
- the input 2 to which a reference current IREF can be applied is connected to the gate connections of the third and fourth NMOS transistors N3 and N4.
- the transistors P1, N3, P2 and N4 on the one hand it is achieved that the source connections of the two NMOS transistors N2 and N1 are at the same potential.
- a comparison signal can be tapped at an output 3 ', which is also indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 3, which indicates whether the mirrored partial stream 12 is greater or less than the reference current IREF.
- the signal 3 ' which is also referred to as the comparison signal output, has a positive level, which corresponds to the logic state high.
- the mirrored partial current 12 is smaller than the reference current IREF, a signal is present at the output 3 'with a voltage which corresponds approximately to the operating potential VSS and thus to the logic level low.
- the output 3 is used instead of the output 3 'in order to determine the result of the comparison between the mirrored partial stream 12 and the reference Tapping current IREF in the form of a comparison signal ICOMP.
- the circuit has two further PMOS transistors P3 and P4 and two further NMOS transistors N5 and N6, the third PMOS transistor P3 with the fifth NMOS transistor N5 having a first series circuit and the fourth PMOS transistor P4 with the sixth NMOS transistor N6 form a second series circuit.
- the gate of the third PMOS transistor P3 operating as a diode is connected to the gate of the fourth PMOS transistor P4.
- the connection 2 of the circuit is not connected to the gate of the fourth NMOS transistor N4, but to the gate of the sixth NMOS transistor N6.
- the mode of operation of the circuit is described in more detail below.
- the common gate of the two NMOS transistors N1 and N2 is controlled by a voltage regulator, which can be designed, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, in such a way that the desired regulated voltage VDD can be tapped off at the output OUT.
- the voltage VDD - Vthp is present at the gate of the two PMOS transistors Pl and P2, the voltage Vthp corresponding to the diode voltage of the first PMOS transistor Pl.
- the second PMOS transistor P2 works as a source follower or cascode transistor and ensures that the same potential is present at the node VIRTU as at the output OUT, provided the currents through the two PMOS transistors P1 and P2 are of the same size.
- the capacitance C ensures that even rapid transient voltage changes, which are caused by a load change at the output OUT, are as good as possible on the
- VIRTU nodes are transmitted.
- the current IREF is reflected onto the two transistors N3 and N6 via the NMOS transistor NO operating as a diode.
- the current IREF represents the setpoint at which the current limitation of the voltage regulator should respond, taking into account the mirror ratio of the transistors N1 and N2. As long as the partial current 12 coupled out at transistor N2 is smaller than the is reference current IREF, a smaller current flows through the transistors N4, N5, P3 and P4 than through the transistor N6.
- the comparison signal ICOMP at output 3 is then at the reference potential VSS.
- the transistor P4 pulls the voltage against the transistor N6 in the direction of the external operating voltage VDDEXT, so that the level of the comparison signal ICOMP is in the range of the output voltage VDD. This indicates that the specified current IREF has been exceeded.
- the circuit according to FIG. 3 can be part of the voltage regulator shown in FIG. 4.
- the first NMOS transistor N1 forms both the series transistor of the voltage regulator and the main transistor of the current mirror.
- the voltage regulator shown in FIG. 4 is designed as a series regulator. In this case, a setpoint voltage is compared with a partial voltage formed by a voltage divider consisting of resistors R1 and R2 via a control operational amplifier OPV, and the comparison result is fed to a charge pump LP. This in turn controls the first NMOS transistor Nl accordingly.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Continuous-Control Power Sources That Use Transistors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10332864A DE10332864B4 (de) | 2003-07-18 | 2003-07-18 | Spannungsregler mit Stromspiegel zum Auskoppeln eines Teilstroms |
| PCT/DE2004/001517 WO2005010631A1 (de) | 2003-07-18 | 2004-07-13 | Spannungsregler mit stromspiegel zum auskoppeln eines teilstroms |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1646921A1 true EP1646921A1 (de) | 2006-04-19 |
Family
ID=34088687
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04762377A Withdrawn EP1646921A1 (de) | 2003-07-18 | 2004-07-13 | Spannungsregler mit stromspiegel zum auskoppeln eines teilstroms |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7129683B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1646921A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10332864B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2005010631A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005061377A1 (de) | 2005-12-13 | 2007-06-14 | Atmel Germany Gmbh | Konstantspannungsquelle mit Ausgangsstrombegrenzung |
| US7397231B2 (en) * | 2006-07-25 | 2008-07-08 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Method and apparatus for adjusting a reference |
| DE102007058314B4 (de) * | 2007-12-04 | 2018-11-15 | Diehl Aerospace Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Messen eines Laststroms |
| DE102013104142B4 (de) | 2013-04-24 | 2023-06-15 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Chipkarte |
| US9465055B2 (en) | 2013-09-26 | 2016-10-11 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Electronic circuit and method for measuring a load current |
| TWI674493B (zh) * | 2018-05-25 | 2019-10-11 | 新加坡商光寶科技新加坡私人有限公司 | 低壓降分流穩壓器 |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20020063573A1 (en) * | 2000-09-07 | 2002-05-30 | Stmicroelectronics S.R.I. | Device and method for monitoring current delivered to a load |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5559424A (en) * | 1994-10-20 | 1996-09-24 | Siliconix Incorporated | Voltage regulator having improved stability |
| JP3156664B2 (ja) * | 1998-03-25 | 2001-04-16 | 日本電気株式会社 | 基準電圧発生回路 |
| US6188211B1 (en) * | 1998-05-13 | 2001-02-13 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Current-efficient low-drop-out voltage regulator with improved load regulation and frequency response |
| US6066944A (en) * | 1999-02-18 | 2000-05-23 | National Semiconductor Corporation | High speed current mirror circuit and method |
| GB9920078D0 (en) * | 1999-08-24 | 1999-10-27 | Sgs Thomson Microelectronics | Current reference circuit |
| US6518833B2 (en) * | 1999-12-22 | 2003-02-11 | Intel Corporation | Low voltage PVT insensitive MOSFET based voltage reference circuit |
| US6166530A (en) * | 2000-02-11 | 2000-12-26 | Advanced Analogic Technologies, Inc. | Current-Limited switch with fast transient response |
| US6333623B1 (en) * | 2000-10-30 | 2001-12-25 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Complementary follower output stage circuitry and method for low dropout voltage regulator |
| US6522111B2 (en) * | 2001-01-26 | 2003-02-18 | Linfinity Microelectronics | Linear voltage regulator using adaptive biasing |
| US6600299B2 (en) * | 2001-12-19 | 2003-07-29 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Miller compensated NMOS low drop-out voltage regulator using variable gain stage |
| US6969982B1 (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2005-11-29 | National Semiconductor Corporation | Voltage regulation using current feedback |
| US6867573B1 (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2005-03-15 | National Semiconductor Corporation | Temperature calibrated over-current protection circuit for linear voltage regulators |
-
2003
- 2003-07-18 DE DE10332864A patent/DE10332864B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-07-13 WO PCT/DE2004/001517 patent/WO2005010631A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2004-07-13 EP EP04762377A patent/EP1646921A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-01-18 US US11/335,158 patent/US7129683B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20020063573A1 (en) * | 2000-09-07 | 2002-05-30 | Stmicroelectronics S.R.I. | Device and method for monitoring current delivered to a load |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE10332864B4 (de) | 2007-04-26 |
| WO2005010631A1 (de) | 2005-02-03 |
| DE10332864A1 (de) | 2005-02-24 |
| US7129683B2 (en) | 2006-10-31 |
| US20060214652A1 (en) | 2006-09-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20051229 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): FR |
|
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): FR |
|
| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: SAN SEBASTIAN, IKER Inventor name: NEBEL, GERHARD Inventor name: SCHLAFFER, ANDREAS Inventor name: HAIDER, GUENTER Inventor name: WEDER, UWE |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20091019 |
|
| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: INFINEON TECHNOLOGIES AG |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20100202 |