EP1646462A1 - Verfahren zum umformen eines werkst cks und umformvorrichtun g - Google Patents
Verfahren zum umformen eines werkst cks und umformvorrichtun gInfo
- Publication number
- EP1646462A1 EP1646462A1 EP04739964A EP04739964A EP1646462A1 EP 1646462 A1 EP1646462 A1 EP 1646462A1 EP 04739964 A EP04739964 A EP 04739964A EP 04739964 A EP04739964 A EP 04739964A EP 1646462 A1 EP1646462 A1 EP 1646462A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- striking tool
- speed
- impact
- workpiece
- striking
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 38
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- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000004148 curcumin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 7
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- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005293 physical law Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
- B21J7/20—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor
- B21J7/22—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor for power hammers
- B21J7/32—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor for power hammers operated by rotary drive, e.g. by electric motor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
- B21J7/20—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor
- B21J7/46—Control devices specially adapted to forging hammers, not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49764—Method of mechanical manufacture with testing or indicating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49764—Method of mechanical manufacture with testing or indicating
- Y10T29/49771—Quantitative measuring or gauging
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49805—Shaping by direct application of fluent pressure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
- Y10T29/53039—Means to assemble or disassemble with control means energized in response to activator stimulated by condition sensor
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for shaping a workpiece and a shaping device, in particular for use in the method or for carrying out the method.
- press machines Numerous methods and devices are available for forming workpieces.
- the workpieces are brought into contact with suitable tools that provide the forces required for the process.
- the press machines generally differ in path, force and work-bound press machines.
- the work-related forming devices or press machines in particular the screw presses.
- the defining characteristic of these work-related press machines is the work capacity E, which is fully implemented for each work cycle.
- the spindles are driven by a flywheel that is positively or non-positively connected, or directly by a motor.
- the rotary movement is converted into a straight plunger movement via a steep multiple thread.
- the kinetic energy of the flywheel, spindle and plunger is completely converted into useful and lost work.
- the energy conversion is characterized by the impact efficiency ⁇ s. (Lexicon of production engineering, process engineering, ed. Heinz M. Hiersig, VDI-Verlag).
- An electric drive motor preferably an asynchronous motor, is generally used as the drive for the spindle or the flywheel.
- asynchronous motor is generally used as the drive for the spindle or the flywheel.
- a screw press is disclosed in the publication DE 34 44 240 C2, in which the speed and thus the speed of the ram are widely used. Chen is adjustable, and thus also forming work with relatively little work capacity such as edge upsetting can be carried out.
- the screw press comprises a flywheel with its own drive, which has a pre-speed at the beginning of the tappet stroke, which can be connected to the drive disk of the spindle via a disk coupling and which comes to a standstill at the end of the forming process and is uncoupled from the spindle.
- the spindle, including the spindle drive disc also has its own drive, which also serves to return the plunger. For the working stroke, the spindle is now accelerated by the spindle drive, preferably to a maximum, and then reduced to the synchronous speed required for the clutch with the flywheel at the end of the idle stroke.
- DE 38 41 852 AI describes a drive arrangement for driving a threaded spindle of a screw press, in which the threaded spindle is coupled to a constantly rotating drive disk via a differential or superposition gear.
- a shaft of the gearbox is braked for coupling.
- Appropriate control and regulation of the braking can vary the speed and torque and thus the pressing force and lifting speed during the cycle.
- the braking energy can be tapped and used, for example, for the ram return stroke.
- a striking tool strikes during a striking movement from a predetermined or predeterminable starting position with a predetermined or predeterminable impact speed on the workpiece located on a carrier and the speed of the striking tool during the striking movement becomes dependent on the position of the striking tool and controlled or regulated depending on the specified impact speed.
- the forming device according to claim 29, in particular for use in the method or for carrying out the method according to claim 1 or one of the claims dependent on claim 1 comprises at least one carrier for a workpiece, at least one striking tool, at least one drive device for moving the striking tool relative to the carrier and at least one position measuring device for determining the position of the striking tool, an initial position of the striking tool being adjustable or set for shaping the workpiece, and a control and regulating device being provided which controls the speed of the striking tool during a striking movement as a function of the position and regulates that a predetermined or predefinable impact speed on the workpiece is reached.
- the striking movement is the preferably axial movement of the striking tool (or: ram) in the direction of the workpiece, specifically from an initial position until it collides with the workpiece.
- the height difference that the striking tool passes through during the striking movement from the starting position to the impact on the workpiece is the stroke of the striking tool, also referred to below as the working stroke or striking stroke.
- the striking tool is generally returned to a predetermined end position.
- the height difference that the striking tool travels during this return movement is also referred to below as the return stroke.
- the speed of the striking tool during the striking movement is a measure of the available kinetic energy (E).
- the kinetic energy in the event of an impact, which results from the impact speed of the striking tool is also referred to below as forming energy.
- the forming energy is largely converted into useful work when it hits the workpiece, which deforms the workpiece.
- the energy loss or the resulting loss of energy is introduced into the recoil of the striking tool, among other things.
- a core idea of the invention is that the speed of the striking tool during the striking movement can be controlled or regulated depending on the position of the striking tool in order to achieve a desired or predetermined impact speed.
- the position (x ) of the striking tool is therefore the variable.
- the impact speed of the striking tool is a constant, however, its value can be chosen arbitrarily.
- the striking tool is therefore accelerated or decelerated, depending on which position (or: position) it is currently in, in order to finally reach the predetermined impact speed.
- the starting position (x (t 0 )) of the striking tool can be determined and set depending on the predetermined impact speed, for example if the striking movement is to be carried out at a constant speed or constant acceleration, or depending on the requirements of the workflow.
- the method according to the invention therefore has the advantage that a desired impact speed or the resulting forming energy can be achieved within a framework specified by the physical laws, regardless of the initial position set, and that, within certain limits, a desired initial position is set equally can, regardless of the specified impact speed.
- the forming process can be used very flexibly.
- At least one position of the impact tool can be measured or determined in order to determine the speed during the impact movement as a function of the position of the impact tool.
- the value of the at least one position of the striking tool and the predetermined impact speed can then be used to calculate the speed values during the striking movement.
- the position of the striking tool is preferably determined using a suitable position measuring device which transmits the position value to a control and regulating unit for controlling or regulating the striking tool.
- a suitable position measuring device which transmits the position value to a control and regulating unit for controlling or regulating the striking tool.
- This makes it possible, on the one hand, to determine a specific position, for example the starting position, and then to calculate the speed curve which is necessary, or which is the most favorable or optimum, in order to achieve the predetermined impact speed.
- the striking tool is then controlled or regulated to these speed values during the striking movement.
- control or regulation can also take place in real time, in that the current position is always is measured or determined and the speed is then calculated accordingly with the measured instantaneous position values, preferably by numerical differentiation, and is controlled or regulated.
- the position of the striking tool according to the invention within the shaping device is known at all times has the further advantage that it enables repetitive work. It is particularly advantageous if, for example, the starting position of the striking tool and / or the position after a return movement of the striking tool is measured or determined by means of the position measuring device. If, for example, the tolerance of the striking tool's return movement is too great, i.e. the actual return stroke is greater or smaller than the predetermined height difference, so this is detected by the position measuring device and used to determine the speed course of a subsequent working stroke, so that the striking tool again hits the workpiece at exactly the predetermined impact speed.
- the position of the impact tool is measured or determined by the impact after the workpiece has been deformed. If a workpiece is machined several times in the device, the height of the workpiece changed by the deformation can be recorded and the subsequent working stroke can be extended, for example, by this distance, so that the forming energy transferred to the workpiece is always constant.
- the striking tool is accelerated from the starting position to the predetermined impact speed.
- the starting position is set lower than a maximum starting position.
- the striking tool When striking, the striking tool can generally run through a maximum working stroke predetermined by the forming device from a maximum starting position, after which the greatest or maximum impact speed and thus the maximum forming energy is reached. Due to the possible position detection of the striking tool, the The plunger or the striking tool can also be moved from any position within the maximum working stroke, so that a working stroke is smaller than the maximum working stroke. The highest attainable impact speed or forming energy is then lower than the maximum impact speed or forming energy.
- the striking tool is accelerated from the starting position and braked when a predetermined position between the starting position and the workpiece is reached, in order to achieve the predetermined impact speed.
- the speed is thus varied over the stroke length so that, for example, it is also possible to generate low impact speeds or forming energies from a high starting position and with a large working stroke.
- the striking tool is first accelerated with a maximum acceleration to a maximum speed, which is reached in the predetermined position between the starting position and the workpiece, from which the striking tool is then braked to the desired impact speed, which is lower than the maximum speed.
- a very high starting position can now be selected, for example when machining the end face of very large or long workpieces, in order to facilitate the insertion of the workpiece into the carrier.
- a high starting position of the striking tool can be advantageous in order to facilitate the feeding. From this high starting position you can then the method according to the invention, depending on the requirement, both high and very low forming energies are generated.
- the speed of the striking tool is controlled or regulated during the striking movement in such a way that the shortest possible working stroke time is achieved with any starting position.
- This can be achieved by means of the open-loop and closed-loop control device, which mathematically optimizes the speed of the impact tool depending on the position and the specified impact speed of the impact tool in such a way that the shortest possible stroke time is achieved.
- the control and regulation of the speed of the striking tool is preferably carried out with a control device that controls and regulates a variable-speed drive motor of a drive device for the striking tool.
- a frequency converter unit which controls and regulates the speed and the direction of rotation of the drive motor is preferably used as the control and regulating device. It is particularly advantageous if the frequency converter unit uses a microprocessor to determine the speed curve of the drive motor during the impact movement as a function of a predetermined impact speed and a predetermined starting position and / or a position determined by means of a position measuring device.
- the impact tool is raised after the impact into a predetermined or predeterminable end position by a return movement.
- the return movement to the end position is preferably carried out in the reverse direction of rotation of the drive motor.
- the striking tool can be raised hydraulically or pneumatically using telescopic rods. The pressure required for this can be generated, for example, when the tappet strikes by compressing a liquid or a gas in a suitable chamber. It is particularly advantageous if the speed of the striking tool is controlled and regulated as a function of the position of the striking tool during the return movement into the end position.
- Optimal control and regulation of the speed of the striking tool is provided by the frequency converter unit, whose microprocessor determines the speed curve during the stroke as a function of the predetermined end position and / or a position determined by the position measuring device.
- This control and regulation option can be used when retrieving the striking tool by means of the drive motor.
- the starting position of the striking tool for the working stroke is selected as the end position of a return stroke.
- the optimum lifting time and forming energy are always achieved.
- the end position of the return stroke can then be selected in particular depending on the workpiece to be machined and / or on the desired impact speed in the subsequent impact movement.
- the striking tool is accelerated away from the workpiece or carrier during the return movement into the end position and braked by means of the drive motor when a predetermined position is reached between the workpiece or the carrier on the one hand and the end position on the other hand.
- the impact tool is then braked completely by a mechanical braking device.
- This precise speed control during the return stroke or the resulting exact end position of the striking tool is particularly advantageous, for example, if the workpiece is moved with the striking tool upwards into the end position and is removed in the end position.
- the workpiece can then always be removed and removed with high accuracy with the aid of a removal device, for example a gripping tool.
- the striking tool is accelerated when accelerating with a predetermined constant acceleration.
- the impact tool is braked with a predetermined constant braking acceleration even when braking. This ensures a high level of accuracy and an energy-saving method of working.
- the amount of the constant starting acceleration and the constant braking acceleration can, for example, each be selected depending on the direction of movement of the striking tool, that is to say depending on whether it carries out a striking movement or a return movement. The effect of gravity on the striking tool can then be taken into account and the acceleration selected accordingly.
- the drive motor is switched without torque before the impact of the striking tool on the workpiece and / or is uncoupled in the drive device. This avoids loads on the motor and the control device that can be generated by current and voltage peaks that occur.
- the drive motor can usually be switched instantaneously via the frequency converter unit. The instantaneous switching or uncoupling takes place, for example, on a signal from the position measuring device shortly before the impact, so that if possible no forming energy is lost.
- the drive motor is operated as a generator while the impact tool is being braked by means of the drive motor.
- the energy generated by the generator during braking can then be fed back into the power grid.
- the position of the striking tool in the shaping device is preferably determined by means of at least one, in particular non-contact position transmitter, in particular an optical or magnetic or inductive and preferably incremental position transmitter.
- a forming device which is designed as a screw press and in which the drive motor works in the drive device of the screw press.
- the drive motor then preferably drives a flywheel directly, which in turn sets a spindle coupled to it in rotation.
- the spindle interacts with the striking tool, preferably via a thread, so that it is moved by the rotation of the spindle depending on the direction of rotation towards or away from the workpiece or carrier.
- the shaping device designed in particular for use in the method or for carrying out the method according to the present invention comprises at least one carrier for the workpiece, at least one striking tool, at least one drive device for moving the striking tool relative to the carrier and at least one position measuring device for determining the position of the striking tool within the shaping device, a starting position of the striking tool being adjustable or set for shaping the workpiece, and a control and regulating device being provided which controls and regulates the speed of the striking tool as a function of the position during a working stroke, so that a predetermined or Predefinable impact speed on the workpiece is reached.
- the forming device is preferably a screw press. However, it is also conceivable to design the forming device as another work-bound forming machine or press machine, for example a hammer, or as a force-bound press machine such as a hydraulic press.
- the forming devices then differ essentially in the Crete configuration of the drive device. A large number of possible drives can be controlled with suitable means so that the speed can be varied over the stroke. By using the Heilmes device, this is also possible from any starting position.
- the drive device preferably comprises a variable-speed drive motor, in particular an asynchronous motor being able to be used. Furthermore, the drive device comprises a flywheel, which is coupled to a spindle and is driven by the drive motor.
- a frequency converter unit is used as the control and regulating device, which controls and regulates the drive motor speed and possibly also the direction of rotation of the drive motor.
- the frequency converter unit preferably comprises a microprocessor.
- the desired values for the respective starting position and the speed can be entered into a memory belonging to the microprocessor.
- the values detected by the position measuring device are also transmitted to the microprocessor as a signal. From these values, the processor then determines or calculates the necessary or cheapest speed curve during a striking movement.
- an end position for the striking tool is preferably also adjustable or set.
- the end position is also stored in the memory associated with the microprocessor, so that the processor can also calculate the course of the return movement.
- the return movement is preferably carried out by changing the direction of rotation of the drive motor.
- a mechanical braking device for holding the striking tool in the end position.
- the mechanical braking device or brake then acts when the end position is reached For example, on the flywheel and holds it, which also stops the striking tool in its movement.
- the position measuring device preferably comprises a conventional and in particular non-contact position transmitter, in particular an optical, magnetic or inductive and preferably incremental position transmitter.
- FIG la shows a simplified representation of an embodiment of the method according to the invention
- FIG. 1b shows the method according to FIG.
- FIG. 5 shows a speed-time diagram which represents real, measured speed-time profiles in the method according to the invention.
- FIG. 6 shows an advantageous embodiment of a forming device for Implementation of the method according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 a and FIG. 1 b show a simple forming device with an impact tool, in particular a plunger 1, a drive device 2 and a carrier 3, on which a workpiece 4 is arranged.
- the position of the plunger is determined using a position sensor (not shown here, see FIG. 6).
- the initial speeds of the ram v 0a , v ob , v 0c , v 0d are 0 m / s in all associated starting positions H 0a , H ob , H 0c , H od .
- the plunger 1 moves downward towards the workpiece 4 located on the carrier 3 in the device. When the plunger 1 has reached the workpiece 4, it impacts with an impact velocity V A _ > v Ab , v AC) V Ad (FIG Ib).
- the starting position H 0a , H ob , H 0c , H od of the plunger 1 can be set as desired.
- two workpieces of different sizes or heights could be machined with the same impact speed v A , which results from the same working stroke ⁇ H, or by accelerating from different starting positions H 0a , H ob , H 0c , H od different impact speeds v Aa , v Ab , v Ac _ v Ad can be achieved.
- the maximum working stroke ⁇ H a is reached from the initial position H 0a and, with continuous acceleration, leads to a maximum impact velocity v Aa and the associated maximum forming energy.
- Any lower starting positions H 0b , H 0c can also be set. However, the lower the initial position is selected, the lower the maximum impact velocity that can be achieved (v Ab > v Ac ) with continuous acceleration.
- the tappet 1 can preferably be accelerated with constant starting acceleration and constant braking acceleration, which can each have different amounts of acceleration.
- the method is not limited to this variant, since acceleration and braking acceleration do not necessarily have to be constant.
- FIG. 1 a shows the partial working strokes ⁇ H dl and ⁇ H d2 and the braking position H d between the acceleration and braking process only from the maximum starting position (H 0a - H od ).
- a speed curve with acceleration and deceleration processes is advantageous in practice, for example, when large or long workpieces have to be inserted into the machine and therefore a lot of space must be available below the ram.
- the course of the speed over the ram stroke, both the working stroke and the return stroke, is determined by a control and regulating unit, preferably a microprocessor unit in a frequency converter unit (not shown here), which is accommodated in the drive device 2.
- a control and regulating unit preferably a microprocessor unit in a frequency converter unit (not shown here)
- At least the starting position H 0a , H 0b , H 0c , H od and the desired impact velocity v Aa , v Ab , v Ac _ v Ad must be specified.
- the amount of the starting acceleration and the braking acceleration can be specified or can be specified or preset.
- the open-loop and closed-loop control device then calculates the speed curve over the height of the working stroke or partial working stroke .DELTA.H a , .DELTA.H b , .DELTA.H C or .DELTA.H dl and .DELTA.H d2 , so that overall to achieve the desired impact speed v Aa , v Ab , v ACj v Ad given the given values for the acceleration and braking acceleration, the shortest possible stroke time results.
- the result can be a speed curve with continuous acceleration, or the control and regulating device determines a braking position H d , from which the plunger 1 is braked until it hits.
- the return stroke is only indicated by the arrow in FIGS. 1a and 1b.
- the plunger 1 is moved back into its starting position H 0a , H ob , H 0c , H od or into any other end position by means of the drive device 2.
- H d which is also determined by the control and regulating unit, so that it has approximately the speed 0 m / s in its end position.
- the position H d from which the tappet 1 is braked depends on the desired end position and possibly also on the recoil of the tappet 1.
- FIG. 2 shows theoretical speed-time curves with constant acceleration from different starting positions H 0a , H ob , H 0c .
- the ram is accelerated with a constant acceleration from the initial position H 0a , H 0b , H 0c to the maximum impact speed v Aa , v Ab , v Ac for a maximum forming energy (100%).
- This maximum impact velocity v Aa , v Ab , v Ac is designated in the diagram with v E100% (H 0a ), v E100% (H 0b ), v E100% (H 0c ).
- the time span until the maximum impact velocity v E100% is reached corresponds to the total duration of the working stroke t Ges from the respective starting position H 0a , H obj H 0c , where t 0 is always equal to 0 s.
- the diagram shows that from the different starting positions H 0a , H 0b , H 0c with constant acceleration, different maximum impact speeds v E100% (H 0a ), v E100 o / o (H ob ), v E100% (H 0c ) can be achieved and the higher the starting position, the higher the impact speed.
- the total duration of the working stroke t Ges increases with increasing starting position H 0a , H ob _ H 0c .
- FIG. 3 shows theoretical speed-time profiles with constant acceleration and subsequent constant braking to a constant impact speed.
- a constant impact velocity v A is now to be generated from the same initial positions H 0a , H ob , H 0c as in FIG. 2, from which, for example, only 10% of the maximum forming energy result, ie v A equals v E10 " / o ( H 0a , H ob , H 0c ).
- a known constant acceleration and braking acceleration a known impact speed and a known starting position, the total duration of the working stroke t and the working stroke time t l3 or the braking position at which the braking process must take place can be determined for each starting position using the equations of motion.
- the method according to the invention now also enables different impingement speeds to be generated from a constant starting position, depending on the requirement.
- 4 shows three theoretical speed-time profiles for achieving different impact speeds from a constant starting position.
- the initial position corresponds to the maximum initial position H 0a
- the ram is accelerated constantly from the initial position H 0a until it hits the workpiece.
- the duration of this working stroke is indicated in the diagram with t Ges (100%).
- FIG. 5 shows three real, measured speed-time profiles of the method according to the invention, which are comparable to the theoretical speed-time profiles shown in FIG.
- the working stroke or the starting position can be assumed to be the same size for all curves A, B, C.
- different impact speeds or different forming energies were chosen for the forming processes, which are designated 100%, 50% and 10% and are assigned to curves A, B, C.
- the force-time curves ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ are superimposed on the speed-time curves when the plunger hits the workpiece at the respective time of impact.
- Curve A shows the speed-time curve for an acceleration to the maximum speed to reach the maximum forming energy.
- the ram is accelerated from the starting position via the curve section K1 until it reaches the maximum possible impact speed v E100% in the curve section K2.
- the curve section K3 illustrates the braking of the tappet by the loss of energy in the event of an impact. Part of the energy is brought into the forming process. The remaining energy is at least partially converted into a recoil of the ram (K4). The remaining amount of speed in curve A (100%) is due to this recoil.
- the plunger is then moved in a controlled manner in the direction of the end position by means of the drive motor, which is usually only switched on or coupled again after the impact and recoil.
- the plunger is first accelerated to a predetermined position, which is shown in the curve section K5.
- the tappet is braked by the motor. This position or the associated time by which it is represented in this and the following curves and the maximum speed reached at this time is described in curve section K6.
- the tappet is braked by the drive motor until it reaches a very low speed (K7). If the ram has reached the predetermined end position, a mechanical brake also engages, which can be seen from curve section 8. The ram is braked to exactly 0 m / s by the mechanical brake and held in the end position. By gripping the mechanical brake, the amount of brake acceleration is changed, which is shown in K8 as a small bulge in the curve.
- the power surge occurs at the exact moment when the ram hits the workpiece. This can be seen in the illustration by the fact that the maximum of ⁇ is at a time shortly after the desired impact speed has been reached. This also applies to the force surges ß and ⁇ in the other curves.
- Curve B shows the speed-time curve for an acceleration to a speed to reach 50% of the maximum forming energy with a constant working stroke. This means that the plunger is first accelerated (Kl) until a predetermined position with a predetermined maximum speed v max is reached (K9) and then braked to the desired impact speed v E50Vo (K2). The reduction in speed during the braking process shows curve section K10. The desired impact velocity v E50 o / o is then again reached in the curve section K2. The further course of curve B (50%) corresponds to the course of curve A (100%). The plunger is braked by the impact (K3) and pushed back (K4). The drive motor then engages and guides the plunger by accelerating (K5, K6) and braking (K7) to the end position in which the mechanical brake brings the plunger to a standstill (K8).
- Curve C (10%) shows the speed-time curve for an acceleration to a speed to reach 10% of the maximum forming energy with a constant working stroke.
- the curve shape is comparable to that of B (50%).
- the desired impact speed v E10 o / o is lower, so that the first step is to accelerate to a lower maximum speed v max than at B (50%) (Kl, K9) and slow down over a longer period of time (K10).
- the total length of the working stroke is therefore slightly longer than that of B (50%).
- FIG. 6 shows a shaping device according to the invention which is particularly suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention.
- the plunger 1 is driven by a spindle 5.
- the spindle 5 has a steep thread 9 in which a tappet nut 8 fastened to the tappet 1 runs.
- the spindle 5 is coupled to a flywheel 6, which is driven directly by a drive motor 7, as a rule an asynchronous motor which is variable in its direction of rotation.
- the flywheel 6 and the spindle 5 coupled to it are now rotated via the drive motor.
- the rotational speed of the flywheel 6 and the spindle 5 is set via the speed of the drive motor 7.
- a frequency converter unit with a microprocessor (not shown here) is provided for controlling and regulating the speed.
- the rotation of the spindle 5 is transmitted to the plunger 1 via the spindle nut 8 and the plunger 1 is thereby moved towards or away from the carrier 3.
- the speed of the drive motor 7 is a measure of the speed of the plunger
- a workpiece (not shown here) can be applied to the carrier 3, so that the ram impacts with a predetermined impact speed.
- the drive motor 7 Shortly before the impact, the drive motor 7 is switched off, so that the control and regulating device is protected against damage or impairment by voltage and current peaks which can arise in the event of an impact.
- the drive motor 7 switched on again and the plunger 1 raised back to its end position.
- the position of the plunger 1 is determined or measured in a contactless manner, preferably by means of an magnetic, incremental position transmitter 10.
- the measured values can be transmitted to the frequency converter unit and to an external control and regulating device.
- the measured values are used by the frequency converter unit, for example, to determine the speed or speed profile of the ram 1, which is necessary for an optimal forming process or for reaching the specified end position.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Presses (AREA)
- Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10332888A DE10332888C5 (de) | 2003-07-19 | 2003-07-19 | Verfahren zum Umformen eines Werkstücks und Umformvorrichtung |
PCT/EP2004/006502 WO2005018850A1 (de) | 2003-07-19 | 2004-06-17 | Verfahren zum umformen eines werkstücks und umformvorrichtung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1646462A1 true EP1646462A1 (de) | 2006-04-19 |
EP1646462B1 EP1646462B1 (de) | 2010-03-03 |
Family
ID=33103694
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04739964A Expired - Lifetime EP1646462B1 (de) | 2003-07-19 | 2004-06-17 | Verfahren zum umformen eines werkstücks |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20060117542A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1646462B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10332888C5 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005018850A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10332888C5 (de) * | 2003-07-19 | 2009-07-02 | Langenstein & Schemann Gmbh | Verfahren zum Umformen eines Werkstücks und Umformvorrichtung |
JP2007129818A (ja) * | 2005-11-02 | 2007-05-24 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 磁石発電機 |
EP2122177B1 (de) * | 2007-02-21 | 2018-11-21 | Grundfos Management A/S | Pumpenaggregat |
DE102013002405B3 (de) * | 2013-02-13 | 2014-05-15 | Schuler Pressen Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Schmiedehammers |
CN104977954B (zh) * | 2014-04-09 | 2017-07-28 | 佛山市恒力泰机械有限公司 | 一种陶瓷压砖机速度位置双闭环控制方法 |
US11819968B2 (en) | 2021-01-19 | 2023-11-21 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Rotary power tool |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US394483A (en) * | 1888-12-11 | Pneumatic hammer | ||
US1445578A (en) * | 1921-04-04 | 1923-02-13 | Enderes Ernst | Drop hammer |
DE1513349A1 (de) * | 1965-03-17 | 1970-04-09 | Hasenclever Ag Maschf | Spindelpresse |
US3819993A (en) * | 1968-12-12 | 1974-06-25 | W Dorr | Motor control system and method for fast spindle type impact presses |
US4208895A (en) * | 1977-08-17 | 1980-06-24 | Bocharov Jury A | Method and apparatus for controlling a hydraulic screw press |
DE3444240A1 (de) * | 1984-12-05 | 1986-06-05 | Maschinenfabrik Müller-Weingarten AG, 7987 Weingarten | Spindelpresse und steuerung fuer diese |
US4718263A (en) * | 1985-01-28 | 1988-01-12 | Chambersburg Engineering Co. | Method of controlling output energy in a forging hammer by anticipative sensing of input parameters |
DE3840395C2 (de) * | 1987-12-04 | 1998-12-03 | Amada Co | Steuerung einer Blechbearbeitungspresse |
DE3841852A1 (de) * | 1988-12-13 | 1989-07-27 | Franek Johann Dipl Ing Fh | Antriebsanordnung fuer eine spindelpresse |
JP2534944B2 (ja) * | 1991-09-24 | 1996-09-18 | アイダエンジニアリング株式会社 | プレス機械 |
JPH08224699A (ja) * | 1995-02-23 | 1996-09-03 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | プレス制御方法およびプレス装置 |
DE19545004A1 (de) * | 1995-12-02 | 1997-06-05 | Elektrische Automatisierungs U | Direkter geregelter elektrischer Spindelpressenantrieb |
JP3433415B2 (ja) * | 1997-04-21 | 2003-08-04 | アイダエンジニアリング株式会社 | プレス機械のスライド駆動装置 |
DE10332888C5 (de) * | 2003-07-19 | 2009-07-02 | Langenstein & Schemann Gmbh | Verfahren zum Umformen eines Werkstücks und Umformvorrichtung |
-
2003
- 2003-07-19 DE DE10332888A patent/DE10332888C5/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2004
- 2004-06-17 WO PCT/EP2004/006502 patent/WO2005018850A1/de active Application Filing
- 2004-06-17 DE DE502004010855T patent/DE502004010855D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-06-17 EP EP04739964A patent/EP1646462B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2006
- 2006-01-19 US US11/335,109 patent/US20060117542A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2007
- 2007-10-29 US US11/927,417 patent/US20080110009A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2005018850A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE502004010855D1 (de) | 2010-04-15 |
EP1646462B1 (de) | 2010-03-03 |
DE10332888B3 (de) | 2004-11-04 |
DE10332888C5 (de) | 2009-07-02 |
US20060117542A1 (en) | 2006-06-08 |
US20080110009A1 (en) | 2008-05-15 |
WO2005018850A1 (de) | 2005-03-03 |
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