EP1638744B1 - Maschine zum spalten horizontaler blöcke - Google Patents

Maschine zum spalten horizontaler blöcke Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1638744B1
EP1638744B1 EP04738054A EP04738054A EP1638744B1 EP 1638744 B1 EP1638744 B1 EP 1638744B1 EP 04738054 A EP04738054 A EP 04738054A EP 04738054 A EP04738054 A EP 04738054A EP 1638744 B1 EP1638744 B1 EP 1638744B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blades
series
knives
machine
accordance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP04738054A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1638744A1 (de
Inventor
Dominique Cornu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aficor SA
Original Assignee
Aficor SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aficor SA filed Critical Aficor SA
Publication of EP1638744A1 publication Critical patent/EP1638744A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1638744B1 publication Critical patent/EP1638744B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27H—BENDING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COOPERAGE; MAKING WHEELS FROM WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL
    • B27H3/00—Manufacture of constructional elements of tubes, coops, or barrels
    • B27H3/02—Manufacture of barrel staves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L7/00—Arrangements for splitting wood
    • B27L7/06—Arrangements for splitting wood using wedges, knives or spreaders

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a machine for splitting elongated sections of wood, this machine comprising a frame, knives provided with a cutting edge mounted on this frame and a thrust device arranged to push an elongated section of wood substantially axially against the cutting edges of these knives, wherein said knives comprise a first series of knives substantially parallel to each other and arranged in a first orientation and a second series of knives substantially parallel to each other and arranged in a second orientation substantially perpendicular to said first orientation.
  • Wood splitting machines having a knife for splitting large size wood by splitting are already known. Most of these machines only allow the splitting of the wood according to a single plane of opening, at each operation. To obtain pieces of wood of smaller section from a larger section, it must be taken several times on the machine. The operation is long, tedious and imprecise. It does not provide split pieces of wood for the open or closed hearth, which is usually relatively hard and compact hardwood and not softwood. The Most current machines do not split, especially in one pass, a section of wood of relatively large section to make pieces of split wood of more or less predetermined section. Those with this function usually have fixed knives. The change of format of the logs implies a change of the knives.
  • Canadian patent CA 1,097,193 relates to a machine for cutting pieces of wood for the manufacture of joists or squares of rectangular or square section, which uses interchangeable knife grids.
  • the knives are fixed and each grid corresponds to a template of joists or squares to manufacture.
  • This machine is not suitable for splitting logs for the firewood called firewood, knowing that the rigid knife grids are only suitable for splitting a relatively soft wood such as conifers, while firewood is generally hardwood trees, relatively hard and not splitting in a regular way.
  • European publication EP 0 334 741 discloses a machine for cutting pieces of wood of regular section which also comprises a grid with knives perpendicular to each other and a multitude of individual pushers arranged to push the wood through the openings of this grid.
  • the purpose of this machine is to make pieces of wood for carpentry or carpentry with soft wood such as conifers. It does not lend itself to splitting logs to make firewood.
  • US Pat. No. 1,406,552 relates to a machine for splitting wood logs simultaneously in several pieces in a single direction.
  • the knives are not adjustable in spacing and the parts obtained must be put in the machine to be able to be split in the perpendicular direction.
  • EP 0 097 245 discloses a log sawing machine which delivers the logs into trays which are then split by means of a rigid grid of knives for the production of pieces of joinery wood and framing.
  • the Austrian utility certificate AT 5 889 U relates to a firewood production device comprising a first knife for cutting a board and a second perpendicular knife for cutting the board into pieces of wood.
  • the knives are adjustable in position.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide equipment for optimizing and automating splitting of wood, in particular firewood, to obtain pieces of wood of substantially predetermined cross section, the dimensions of this section being able to to be modified almost automatically according to the needs.
  • the frame comprises a support gantry on which are mounted said knives of the knife assembly, said gantry having two uprights and two cross members respectively integral with the ends of the uprights, and said knives of one of the Series of knives are slidably mounted on the uprights and the knives of the second series of knives are slidably mounted on the sleepers.
  • said first adjustment means comprise a first adjustment device arranged to obtain a regular spacing of the knives of the first set of knives, the space between two adjacent knives being the same for all the knives of this first series of knives.
  • said second adjustment means comprise a second adjustment device arranged to obtain a regular spacing of the knives of the second series of knives, the space between two adjacent knives being the same for all the knives of this second set of knives.
  • said first device for adjusting the regular spacing of the knives of the first set of knives comprises two control levers respectively mounted on the two uprights of the gantry, said control levers being respectively pivotable about two integral axes of said amounts, these control levers each carrying a set of rods each of which is secured, on the one hand, a control levers and, on the other hand, one of the knives of the first set of knives.
  • one of the control levers and the sets of rods associated with this lever correspond to one of the ends of the knives of the first series and the other control lever and the sets of rods. associated with this lever correspond to the opposite end of the knives of the first series.
  • said second device for adjusting the spacing of the second series of knives comprises two hydraulic cylinders respectively mounted on the two sleepers of the gantry, the bodies of these jacks being coupled to one of the ends of the first knife of the second set of knives and the rods of these cylinders being coupled to one end of the last knife of the second set of knives.
  • said second device for adjusting the spacing of the second series of knives comprises leaf springs in the form of hairpins whose ends are respectively integral with two adjacent knives, these leaf springs being arranged to solicit these knives to increase their spacing.
  • each knife of each of the two sets of knives comprises at each of its ends a holding pin located in the vicinity of the cutting edge, the rear part of these knives being floating in such a way that said knives can freely adopt variable angular positions.
  • the thrust device comprises a movable carriage comprising a set of horizontal flat parts and a set of profiles movable relative to each other between a position in which they define the same thrust plane and a position in which they are offset.
  • the machine 10 to split elongated sections of wood comprises a frame 20 on which are mounted a thrust device 30 and a knife assembly 40 comprising a first set of knives 50 and a second series of knives 60.
  • the thrust device 30 is arranged to push a section of wood (not shown) substantially axially against the cutting edge of the knives 50 and 60 to split said section into pieces of wood of predetermined section.
  • the frame 20 comprises a gantry 21 for supporting knives comprising two uprights 22, which, in the example shown, are vertical and two cross members 23, which, in the example shown, are horizontal.
  • the uprights and crosspieces are perpendicular to each other, but could be arranged in different orientations depending on the needs of the user.
  • the horizontal crosspieces 23 are respectively integral with the ends of the vertical uprights 22 so that the gantry 21 is in the form of a rectangular frame.
  • the knives 50 of the first set of knives are slidably mounted on the uprights 22 and the knives 60 of the second series of knives are slidably mounted on the horizontal crosspieces 23.
  • the frame 20 also comprises two horizontal spars 24 fixed by one of their ends to two vertical supports 25 arranged on either side of the frame 21 and their other end to a transverse part 26, this rigid assembly being arranged to serve as support to the thrust device 30 and in particular to a movable carriage 31.
  • This movable carriage 31 is composed of two assemblies, one of which comprises an assembly of horizontal flat parts 32 integral with two vertical elements 33 and the other of which comprises two vertical elements. 34 which have profiles 35 having a U-shaped cross section, parallel to each other, substantially horizontal. The profiles 35 are integral with the uprights 34 which have slots 36 in which the horizontal flat pieces 32 can slide.
  • the profiles 35 are movable relative to the flat horizontal pieces 32 in such a way that in a given position (not shown in Figure 1), the end faces of the profiles 35 and the front fields of the flat parts 32 are arranged in the same plane which constitutes a thrust plane for bearing against the wood.
  • the mobile carriage 31 is actuated by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) arranged to generate a very large thrust, for example of the order of 40 to 50 tons, fixed below and acting on a guide rod 37, consisting for example of a section of square section, which slides through a guide opening 38 formed in a plate 39 integral with the frame 20.
  • This guide rod 37 is secured to the vertical elements 33 carrying the flat horizontal pieces 32.
  • the relative displacement of these parts 32 and profiles 35 is obtained via a hydraulic cylinder 9 whose body is coupled to the guide rod 37 and the piston rod to a hoop element 8 fixed to the plate 39.
  • the thrust device 30 has a dual function. On the one hand, it makes it possible to push the section of wood to be split against the knife assembly 40.
  • This thrust occurs when the flat horizontal pieces 32 and the profiles 35 define the same plane. On the other hand, it allows to push the pieces of wood out of the knives when the section has been split. This thrust is performed by the profiles 35, which are brought into the offset position relative to said horizontal flat parts 32, as shown in Figure 1 and when the horizontal knives 50 have been previously spaced to the maximum. The thrust is effected by means of the actuator which actuates the movable carriage 31, the hydraulic cylinder 9 having only the function of displacing the flat horizontal pieces 32 and the profiles 35.
  • the gantry 21 is removably attached to the vertical supports 25 so that the knife assembly 40 can be easily dismantled for maintenance and maintenance operations, including the sharpening of the knives 50 and 60. However, it is also it is possible to dismantle the knives, for example to sharpen them, without first removing the frame 21.
  • Figures 2 to 4 are detail views which more particularly illustrate the assembly of knives 40 in the different operating positions, with the knives tightened or knives spaced apart.
  • the first series of knives 50 mounted on the gantry is associated with first adjustment means in the form of a first adjusting device 70 for adjusting the spacing of the knives 50 so that this spacing is regular, it is ie identical between two adjacent knives of the entire series regardless of the spacing chosen.
  • This first adjustment device 70 comprises two control levers 71 respectively mounted on the vertical uprights 22 of the gantry 21 by means of a pivot pin 72.
  • a set of links 73 is associated with each control lever 71, each of these rods 73. being articulated, on the one hand, to the control lever 71 by one of its ends and, on the other hand, to a pin 51 secured to each end of a knife 50.
  • a hydraulic actuator cylinder 74 is associated at each control lever 71 to rotate the latter about its pivot axis 72 to move the knives 50 according to the distance set that has been given to the knives.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 74 pivots the control lever 71 in one direction, it pushes the rods 73 by one of their ends by driving the knives 50 by their lugs 51. The knives 50 then slide along the uprights 22 in deviating from each other.
  • the two hydraulic cylinders 74 are synchronously controlled to act simultaneously on the tenons equipping the two ends of the knives 50.
  • the system may also comprise only one jack, the two control levers 71 being rigidly coupled by a transverse bar 75 or other rigid links.
  • the hydraulic cylinder or cylinders 74 act in opposite directions to tilt the control levers 71 downwards by driving the rods 73 coupled to the knives 50.
  • the separation of the knives 60 of the second series of knives is set by second adjustment means in the form of a second adjustment device 80.
  • This second adjustment device 80 comprises two hydraulic adjustment cylinders 81 respectively arranged along each horizontal cross member 23 of the gantry 21.
  • the body and the rod of each hydraulic cylinder 81 are respectively coupled to the end knives of the second series of knives 60.
  • the knives 60 slide along the crosspieces 23 by means of studs 61 fixed at their ends and which are engaged in pivoting rods 82.
  • the tenons 61 of each knife 60 are connected in pairs by springs 83 hairpin whose function is to urge the tenons, and consequently the knives, to a position of maximum separation.
  • the spacing of the knives is achieved by the hydraulic cylinders 81 which are double acting.
  • the balanced and uniform setting of knives is obtained in a very simple and effective manner by means of the springs 83.
  • each end of a knife is provided with a holding tenon , respectively 51, 61, the two pins of the same knife being coaxially disposed in the vicinity of the cutting edge of the knife to define a pivot axis located at the front of the knife and substantially parallel to its cutting edge. In this way, the knives are floating and can freely take variable angular positions.
  • the knives tilt independently of each other and according to the orientation of the wood fibers, which avoids blocking and allows the knives to operate in two distinct operational modes, namely a first mode which consists of splitting the wood by popping the fiber and a second mode of cutting the hard parts with random fiber orientations, for example the knots and the magnifying glass.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Wood Veneers (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Maschine zum Spalten von länglichen Holzblöcken, wobei die Maschine ein Gestell (20), auf welchem mit einer Schneide versehene Messer angebracht sind, und eine Schubvorrichtung (30) umfasst, die zum Schieben eines länglichen Holzblockes praktisch axial gegen die Schneiden der Messer angeordnet ist, in der die Messer eine erste Reihe von zueinander praktisch parallel verlaufenden Messern (50) umfassen, die gemäß einer ersten Ausrichtung angeordnet sind, und eine zweite Reihe von zueinander praktisch parallel verlaufenden Messern (60) umfassen, die gemäß einer zweiten Ausrichtung angeordnet sind, die praktisch senkrecht zu der ersten Ausrichtung verläuft,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Messer der ersten Reihe von Messern (50) und die Messer der zweiten Reihe von Messern (60) variable Abstände umfassen, wobei die Abstände der ersten Reihe von Messern (50) durch erste Einstellungseinrichtungen geregelt werden und die Abstände der zweiten Reihe von Messern (60) durch zweite Einstellungseinrichtungen geregelt werden.
  2. Maschine nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    das Gestell (20) einen Querträger (21) umfasst, auf dem die Messer (50,60) der Messerbaugruppe (40) angebracht sind, wobei der Querträger zwei Pfosten (22) und zwei jeweils fest mit den äußersten Enden der Pfosten verbundene Traversen (23) umfasst, dass die Messer (50) einer der Reihen von Messern gleitend bewegbar auf den Pfosten (22) angebracht sind, und dass die Messer (60) der zweiten Reihe von Messern gleitend bewegbar auf den Traversen (23) angebracht sind.
  3. Maschine nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die ersten Einstellungseinrichtungen eine erste Regelungseinrichtung (70) umfassen, die angeordnet ist, um einen regelmäßigen Abstand der Messer (50) der ersten Reihe von Messern zu erhalten, wobei der Raum zwischen zwei aneinander angrenzenden Messern für die Gesamtheit der Messer der ersten Reihe derselbe ist.
  4. Maschine nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die zweiten Einstellungseinrichtungen eine zweite Regelungseinrichtung (80) umfassen, die angeordnet ist, um einen regelmäßigen Abstand der Messer (60) der zweiten Reihe von Messern zu erhalten, wobei der Raum zwischen zwei aneinander angrenzenden Messern für die Gesamtheit der Messer der zweiten Reihe derselbe ist.
  5. Maschine nach Anspruch 3,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die erste Regelungseinrichtung (70) zur regelmäßigen Beabstandung der Messer (50) der ersten Reihe von Messern zwei Bedienungshebel (71) umfasst, die jeweils auf den zwei Pfosten (22) des Querträgers (21) angebracht sind, wobei die Bedienungshebel jeweils um zwei fest mit den Pfosten verbundene Achsen herum schwenkbar sind, wobei die Bedienungshebel jeweils eine Schwingarmeinheit (73) umfassen, wovon jede einerseits fest mit einem der Bedienungshebel, und andererseits mit einem der Messer (50) der ersten Reihe von Messern verbunden ist.
  6. Maschine nach Anspruch 5,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    einer der Bedienungshebel (71) und die mit diesem Hebel verbundenen Schwingarmeinheiten (73) einem der äußersten Enden der Messer (50) der ersten Reihe entsprechen, und dass der andere Bedienungshebel (71) und die mit diesem Hebel verbundenen Schwingarmeinheiten (73) dem gegenüberliegenden äußersten Ende der Messer (50) der ersten Reihe entsprechen.
  7. Maschine nach Anspruch 4,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die zweite Regelungseinrichtung (80) der Beabstandung der zweiten Reihe von Messern (60) zwei Hydraulikzylinder (81) umfasst, die jeweils auf den zwei Traversen des Querträgers (23) angebracht sind, wobei die Körper dieser Zylinder mit einem der äußersten Enden des ersten Messers (60) der zweiten Reihe von Messern verbunden sind, und wobei die Stangen der Zylinder mit einem der äußersten Enden des letzten Messers (60) der zweiten Reihe von Messern verbunden sind.
  8. Maschine nach Anspruch 4,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die zweite Regelungseinrichtung (80) der Beabstandung der zweiten Reihe von Messern (60) Blattfedern (83) in Form von Haarnadeln umfasst, deren äußerste Enden jeweils fest mit zwei aneinander angrenzenden Messern verbunden sind, wobei die Blattfedern angeordnet sind, um die Messer (60) zu belasten, um ihre Beabstandung zu erhöhen.
  9. Maschine nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    jedes Messer (50,60) jeder der zwei Reihen von Messern jeweils an seinen äußersten Enden einen Haltezapfen (51,61) umfasst, der in der Nachbarschaft der Schneide angeordnet ist, wobei der hintere Teil der zwei Messer so lose ist, dass die Messer (50,60) frei veränderbare Winkelpositionen einnehmen können.
  10. Maschine nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Schubvorrichtung (30) ein Fahrgestell (31) umfasst, welches eine Einheit von flachen horizontalen Teilen (32) und eine Einheit von Profilen (35) umfasst, die im Verhältnis zueinander zwischen einer Position, in der sie eine selbe Schubebene festlegen, und einer Position, in der sie versetzt sind, bewegbar sind.
EP04738054A 2003-07-02 2004-06-30 Maschine zum spalten horizontaler blöcke Not-in-force EP1638744B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0308009A FR2856949B1 (fr) 2003-07-02 2003-07-02 Machine a fendre des troncons allonges de bois
PCT/CH2004/000413 WO2005002814A1 (fr) 2003-07-02 2004-06-30 Machine à fendre des tronçons allongés de bois

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1638744A1 EP1638744A1 (de) 2006-03-29
EP1638744B1 true EP1638744B1 (de) 2006-12-20

Family

ID=33522671

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04738054A Not-in-force EP1638744B1 (de) 2003-07-02 2004-06-30 Maschine zum spalten horizontaler blöcke

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1638744B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE348698T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2531075C (de)
DE (1) DE602004003821T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2279379T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2856949B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2005002814A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017127249B4 (de) * 2017-11-20 2021-12-09 Ruf & Keller GmbH & Co. KG Holzschneider
SI26188A2 (sl) * 2021-04-08 2022-10-28 Uniforest, D.O.O. Rezalno cepilni stroj

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB161501A (en) * 1920-08-23 1921-04-14 James Andrew Gorrie Apparatus for splitting logs and the like
US3872903A (en) * 1972-04-27 1975-03-25 Charles E Carr Multiple shake-board splitting method
CA1097193A (en) * 1976-11-09 1981-03-10 Ewan R. Orr Method and apparatus for manufacturing reinforced wood product
DE3312596A1 (de) * 1982-05-18 1983-12-08 Walter Kretzer, Landtechnik und Gerätebau, 7951 Oberessendorf Vorrichtung zur automatischen bearbeitung von holzstaemmen
US4830071A (en) * 1988-03-22 1989-05-16 Gollahon Robert J Wood processing machine
AT5889U3 (de) * 2002-09-16 2003-04-25 Karl Binderberger Maschb Und H Brennholzspleisser

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE348698T1 (de) 2007-01-15
CA2531075C (fr) 2011-11-22
EP1638744A1 (de) 2006-03-29
CA2531075A1 (fr) 2005-01-13
DE602004003821T2 (de) 2007-10-11
FR2856949B1 (fr) 2006-08-25
WO2005002814A1 (fr) 2005-01-13
DE602004003821D1 (de) 2007-02-01
ES2279379T3 (es) 2007-08-16
FR2856949A1 (fr) 2005-01-07

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