Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D413/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
  • A61P13/12—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the kidneys
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
  • A61P7/02—Antithrombotic agents; Anticoagulants; Platelet aggregation inhibitors
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/08—Vasodilators for multiple indications
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D419/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D419/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of blood coagulation.
• the invention relates in particular to certain heterocyclic compounds, processes for their preparation, their use for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of diseases and their use for the production of medicaments for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of diseases.
• Blood coagulation is a protective mechanism of the organism, with the help of which defects in the vascular wall can be "sealed" quickly and reliably. In this way, blood loss can be avoided or minimized.
• Hemostasis after vascular injury occurs essentially through the coagulation system, in which an enzymatic cascade occurs
• Complex reactions are triggered by plasma proteins, involving numerous blood coagulation factors, each of which, when activated, converts the next inactive precursor into its active form, and at the end of the cascade there is the conversion of the soluble fibrinogen to the insoluble fibrin, so that it is Traditionally, a distinction is made in blood coagulation between the intrinsic and extrinsic systems, which lead to a final common reaction pathway, in which factor Xa, which is formed from the proenzyme factor X, plays a key role, since it combines both clotting pathways
• the activated serine protease Xa cleaves prothrombin to thrombin.
• thrombin in turn in turn cleaves fibrinogen to fibrin. Subsequent cross-linking of the fibrin monomers leads to the formation of blood clots and thus hemostasis.
• thrombin is a potent trigger for platelet aggregation, which also makes a significant contribution to hemostasis.
• Hemostasis is subject to a complex regulatory mechanism.
• An uncontrolled activation of the coagulation system or a defective inhibition of the activation processes can cause local thrombosis or embolism to form in vessels (arteries, veins, lymphatic vessels) or cardiac cavities. This can lead to serious thromboembolic disorders.
• hypercoagulability - systemically - can lead to disseminated intravascular coagulation in case of consumption coagulopathy.
• Thromboembolic complications also occur in microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, extracorporeal blood circulation, such as hemodialysis, and heart valve prostheses.
• Thromboembolic disorders are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in most industrialized countries (Heart Disease; A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, Eugene Braunwald, 5th Edition, 1997, WB Saunders Company, Philadelphia; Rheine und special pharmacology and toxicology, W. Forth, D.Henschler, W. Rummel, K. Starke, 7th edition, 1996, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag Heidelberg).
• heparin is used for the therapy and prophylaxis of thromboembolic diseases, which is administered parenterally or subcutaneously. Because of the more favorable pharmacokinetic properties, low molecular weight heparin is increasingly preferred today; however, this also does not prevent the known disadvantages described below, which exist in the treatment with heparin. For example, heparin is orally ineffective and has a comparatively short half-life. Because heparin inhibits several factors in the blood coagulation cascade at the same time, it has an unselective effect.
• the vitamin K antagonists represent a second class of anticoagulants. These include, for example, 1,3-indanediones, but above all compounds such as warfarin, phenprocoumon,
• Dicumarol and other coumarin derivatives that unselectively inhibit the synthesis of various products of certain vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors in the liver.
• factor Xa represents one of the most important targets for anticoagulant active substances [SAV Raghavan, M. Dikshit, Drugs of the Future 2002, 27, 669-683 "Recent advances in the Status and targets of antithrombotic agents "; HA Wieland, V. Laux, D. Kozian, M. Lorenz, Current Opinion in Investigational Drugs 2003, 4, 264-271" Approaches in anticoagulation: Rationales for target positioning "].
• the object of the present invention is now to provide new substances for combating diseases which have a wide therapeutic range.
• the present invention relates to compounds of the formula (I)
• R 5 represents hydrogen or alkyl
• M represents an aryl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyridazinyl, thienyl, furyl or pyrrolyl radical which is unsubstituted or mono- or disubstituted with radicals independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, cyano, nitro, carbamoyl, Hydroxy, amino, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl optionally substituted by alkylamino, alkylcarbonyloxy, alkyl, alkylamino and alkoxy,
• Alkyl, alkylamino and alkoxy can in turn be substituted by amino, hydroxy, alkylamino, alkoxy, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylcarbonyl,
• R 1 represents an aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclyl radical which is unsubstituted or mono-, di- or trisubstituted by radicals independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, optionally alkyl-substituted by amino, amino, alkyl- amino, hydroxy, alkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, nitro, oxo, carboxyl and cyano,
• R 6 , R 8 , R 11 , R 13 and R 15 independently of one another, denote hydrogen, alkyl or cycloalkyl
• Alkyl and cycloalkyl can in turn be substituted by amino, hydroxy, alkylamino or alkoxy,
• R 7 , R 9 , R 12 , R 14 and R 16 independently of one another, denote alkyl or cycloalkyl
• Alkyl and cycloalkyl can in turn be substituted by amino, hydroxy, alkylamino or alkoxy,
• R 6 and R 7 together with the NC (O) group to which they are attached, form a 4- to 7-membered heterocycle which may also contain one or two double bonds,
• R 8 and R 9 together with the NC (O) -N (R 10 ) group to which they are attached, form a 5- to 7-membered heterocycle
• R 10 is hydrogen, amino, hydroxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, alkoxycarbonyl,
• Alkyl, alkylamino and alkoxy can in turn be substituted by amino, hydroxy, alkylamino, cycloalkylamino, alkoxy or heterocyclyl,
• R 11 and R 12 together with the NS (O) x group to which they are attached, form a 4- to 7-membered heterocycle which may also contain one or two double bonds,
• R 13 and R 14 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 4- to 7-membered heterocycle
• R 15 and R 16 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 4- to 7-membered heterocycle
• Alkyl, alkylamino and alkoxy can in turn be substituted by amino, hydroxy, alkylamino, alkoxy or heterocyclyl,
• x means 1 or 2
• y means 0 or 1
• R 3 represents hydrogen or alkyl
• R 4 denotes hydrogen, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl or alkyl
• Alkyl in turn can be substituted by hydroxy, amino, alkoxy or alkylamino,
• Compounds according to the invention are the compounds of the formula (I) and their salts, solvates and solvates of the salts; the compounds of the formula (I) encompassed by the formulas mentioned below and their salts, solvates and solvates of the salts, and the compounds encompassed by the formula (I) hereinafter referred to as exemplary embodiments and their salts, solvates and solvates of the salts, insofar as the Compounds of formula (I) mentioned below are not already salts, solvates and solvates of the salts.
• the compounds according to the invention can exist in stereoisomeric forms (enantiomers, diastereomers).
• the invention therefore encompasses the enantiomers or diastereomers and their respective mixtures.
• the stereoisomerically uniform constituents can be isolated in a known manner from such mixtures of enantiomers and / or diastereomers.
• the present invention encompasses all tautomeric forms.
• preferred salts are physiologically acceptable salts of the compounds according to the invention.
• Physiologically acceptable salts of the compounds of the invention include acid addition salts of mineral acids, carboxylic acids and sulfonic acids, e.g. Salts of hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, naphthalenedisulfonic acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, propionic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid and benzoic acid.
• salts of hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, naphthalenedisulfonic acid acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, propionic acid
• Physiologically acceptable salts of the compounds according to the invention also include salts of conventional bases, such as, by way of example and by way of preference, alkali metal salts (for example sodium and potassium salts), alkaline earth metal salts (for example calcium and magnesium salts) and ammonium salts derived from ammonia or organic amines with 1 to 16 C - Atoms such as, by way of example and by way of preference, ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, ethyldiisopropylamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, dicyclo-hexylamine, dimethylarninoethanol, procaine, dibenzylamine, N-methylmorpholine, dihydroabietylamine, arginylendiamin and lysidine, lysidine.
• alkali metal salts for example sodium and potassium salts
• alkaline earth metal salts for example calcium and magnesium salts
• solvates are those forms of the compounds which, in the solid or liquid state, form a complex by coordination with solvent molecules form. Hydrates are a special form of solvate, in which coordination takes place with water. Hydrates are preferred as solvates in the context of the present invention.
• Alkoxy is exemplary and preferably methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, tert-butoxy, n-pentoxy and n-hexoxy.
• Alkylcarbonyl is exemplary and preferably acetyl, propanoyl and tert-butanoyl.
• Alkylamino stands for an alkylamino radical with one or two (independently selected) alkyl substituents, for example and preferably for methylamino, ethylamino, n-propylamino, isopropylamino, tert.-butylamino, n-pentylamino, n-hexylamino, N, N-dimethylamino, NN -Diethylamino, N-ethyl-N-methylamino, N-methyl-Nn-propylamino, N-isopropyl-Nn-propylamino, N-tert-butyl-N-methylamino, N-ethyl-Nn-pentylamino and / Vn hexyl-N-meftylamino.
• Alkylaminocarbonyl stands for an alkylaminocarbonyl radical with one or two (independently selected) alkyl substituents, by way of example and preferably for methylaminocarbonyl, ethylaminocarbonyl, n-propylaminocarbonyl, isopropylaminocarbonyl, tert.-butylaminocarbonyl, n-pentylaminocarbonyl, n-hexylaminocarbonyl, N-hexylaminocarbonyl , N, N-diethylaminocarbonyl, N-ethyl-N-methylaminocarbonyl, N-methyl-Nn-propylaminocarbonyl, N-isopropyl-Nn-propylaminocarbonyl, N-tert-butyl-N-methylaminocarbonyl, N-ethyl-Nn- pentylamino-carbonyl and Nn-hexy
• Alkylaminosulfonyl stands for an alkylaminosulfonyl radical with one or two (independently selected) alkyl substituents, by way of example and preferably for methylaminosulfonyl, ethylaminosulfonyl, n-propylaminosulfonyl, isopropylaminosulfonyl, tert.-butylaminosulfonyl, n-pentylaminosulfonyl, n-hexyl-nylylamino, N, N-diethylaminosulfonyl, N-ethyl-N-methylaminosulfonyl, N-methyl-Nn-propylaminosulfonyl, N-isopropyl-Nn-propylaminosulfonyl, N-tert-butyl-N-methylaminosulfonyl, N-ethyl-Nn -pentyl
• Alkylsulfonyl represents a straight-chain or branched alkylsulfonyl radical. Examples and preferably mentioned are: methylsulfonyl, ethylsulfonyl, n-propylsulfonyl, isopropylsulfonyl, tert-butylsulfonyl, n-pentylsulfonyl and n-hexylsulfonyl.
• Alkoxycarbonyl is exemplified and preferably methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, n-propoxycarbonyl, isopropoxycarbonyl, tert-butoxycarbonyl, n-pentoxycarbonyl and n-hexoxycarbonyl.
• Alkylcarbonyloxy is exemplary and preferably acetoxy and propionyloxy.
• Cycloalkyl per se and in cycloalkylamino stands for a cycloalkyl group with generally 3 to 8, preferably 5 to 7 carbon atoms, by way of example and preferably for cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and cycloheptyl.
• Cycloalkylamino stands for a cycloalkylamino radical with one or two (independently selected) cycloalkyl substituents, by way of example and preferably for cyclopropylamino, cyclobutyla ino, cyclopentylamino, cyclohexylamino and cycloheptyla ino.
• Aryl stands for a mono-, bi- or tricyclic aromatic, carbocyclic radical with usually 6 to 14 carbon atoms; exemplary and preferably for phenyl, naphthyl and phenanthrenyl, in particular for phenyl and naphthyl.
• Heteroaryl stands for an aromatic, mono- or bicyclic radical with generally 5 to 10, preferably 5 to 6 ring atoms and up to 4, preferably up to 2 heteroatoms from the series S, O and N, by way of example and preferably for thienyl, furyl , Pyrrolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, imidazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyridazinyl, indolyl, indazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl.
• Heterocyclyl per se and in heterocyclylcarbonyl stands for a mono- or polycyclic, preferably mono- or bicyclic, optionally benzo-fused, non-aromatic heterocyclic radical with usually 4 to 7, preferably 5 to 7 ring atoms and up to 3, preferably up to 2 Heteroatoms and / or hetero groups from the series N, O, S, SO, SO 2 .
• the heterocyclyl residues can be saturated or partially unsaturated.
• 5- to 7-membered, monocyclic saturated heterocyclyl radicals having up to two heteroatoms from the O, N and S series are preferred, such as, for example and preferably, tetrahydrofuranyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl.
• Heterocyclylcarbonyl is exemplary and preferably tetrahydrofuran carbonyl, pyrrolidine carbonyl, pyrroline carbonyl, piperidinecarbonyl, piperazinecarbonyl, morpholinecarbonyl.
• Halogen stands for fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.
• radicals in the compounds according to the invention are substituted, the radicals, unless otherwise specified, can be mono- or polysubstituted.
• the meaning of all radicals which occur more than once is independent of one another. A substitution with one, two or three identical or different substituents is preferred. Substitution with a substituent is very particularly preferred.
• R 5 represents hydrogen or methyl
• M represents a phenyl or pyridyl radical which is optionally simply substituted by fluorine, chlorine, trifluoromethyl, cyano, nitro, hydroxyl, amino, acetyl, alkyl, alkylamino or alkoxy,
• Alkyl, alkylamino and alkoxy can in turn be substituted by amino, hydroxy, alkylamino, alkoxy or heterocyclyl
• R 1 represents a radical phenyl, pyridyl, thienyl, furyl or pyrrolyl which is unsubstituted or mono- or disubstituted with radicals, independently selected from the group of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, methyl, ethyl, aminomethyl, aminoethyl,
• R 2 represents a phenyl or pyridyl radical
• R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 and R 16 independently of one another, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, sec Butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, cyclopropyl or cyclopentyl,
• R 6 and R 7 together with the NC (O) group to which they are attached, form a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle which may also contain one or two double bonds,
• R 8 and R 9 together with the NC (O) -N (R 10 ) group to which they are attached, form a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle
• R 10 denotes hydrogen or alkyl
• Alkyl in turn can be substituted by amino, hydroxy, alkylamino, cycloalkylamino, alkoxy or 5- or 6-membered heterocyclyl, R 11 and R 12 , together with the NS (O) x group to which they are attached, form a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle which may also contain one or two double bonds,
• R 13 and R 14 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle
• R 15 and R 16 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle
• R 6 and R 7 ; R 8 and R 9 ; R 11 and R 12 ; R 13 and R 14 or heterocycle formed by R 15 and R 16 optionally contains a further heteroatom from the series N, O and / or S and is unsubstituted or mono- or disubstituted with radicals independently selected from the group of amino , Hydroxy, oxo, acetyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, alkyl, alkylamino and alkoxy,
• Alkylamino, alkoxy or 5- or 6-membered heterocyclyl can be substituted
• R 3 represents hydrogen
• R 4 represents hydrogen or alkyl
• Alkyl in turn can be substituted by hydroxy, amino, alkoxy or alkylamino,
• M denotes phenyl, which is optionally simply substituted by fluorine, chlorine, trifluoromethyl, cyano, amino, methyl, ethyl, methylamino or dimethylamino,
• Methyl and ethyl can in turn be substituted by amino, hydroxy, methylamino, dimethylamino, methoxy, morpholinyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl or pyrrolidinyl,
• R 1 means thienyl which is simply substituted by chlorine, bromine or methyl
• R 2 is a residue
• this radical is unsubstituted or is mono- or disubstituted with radicals independently selected from the group of amino, hydroxy, methoxy, methylamino and dimethylamino, * stands for the connection point to M,
• R 10 denotes hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or n-propyl
• Cyclopropylamino, isopropylamino, tert-butylamino, dimethylamino, diethylamino, methoxy, ethoxy, morpholinyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl or pyrrolidinyl can be substituted,
• R 3 represents hydrogen
• R 4 represents hydrogen
• radical definitions specified in detail in the respective combinations or preferred combinations of radicals are replaced as desired by radical definitions of another combination, irrespective of the respectively specified combinations of the radicals.
• the invention further relates to a process for the preparation of the compounds according to the invention, which is characterized in that either
• R 1 and Y have the meanings given above and
• X 1 represents chlorine or hydroxy
• V represents alkoxy or chlorine
• X 2 represents a leaving group, for example chlorine
• R 3 and R 4 have the meanings given above,
• a * means [N] -C (O) -CH 2 - * [C]
• Compounds of the formula (TV) can be obtained, for example, from compounds of the formula (VIH) by reaction with compounds of the formula (XVI) embedded image in which
• R 1 , R 3 , R 4 and Y have the meanings given above,
• Process step (II) + (IH) -> (I) is preferably carried out in an inert solvent, preferably tetrahydrofuran or dimethylformamide, optionally in the presence of auxiliaries and / or bases in a temperature range from 0 ° C to the reflux temperature, preferably in the range from 0 ° C to room temperature.
• an inert solvent preferably tetrahydrofuran or dimethylformamide
• Trialkylamines e.g. Triethylamine, N-methylmorpholine (NMM), N-methylpiperidine, N, N-diisopropylethylamine (Hunig base) or 4-N, N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) or pyridine.
• NMM N-methylmorpholine
• DMAP N-dimethylaminopyridine
• Process step (TV) + (V) -> (I) is preferably carried out with ethyl chloroacetate or chloroacetyl chloride as (V) in the presence of a base, preferably sodium hydride or potassium tert-butoxide, in an inert solvent, preferably tetrahydrofuran or dimethylformamide, at room temperature ,
• a base preferably sodium hydride or potassium tert-butoxide
• an inert solvent preferably tetrahydrofuran or dimethylformamide
• Process steps (IV) + SOCl 2 ->(I); (VI) + SOCl 2 ->(I); (XHI) + SOCl 2 ->(VU); (XV) + SOCl 2 -> (VE) are preferably carried out in the presence of N, N-diisopropylethylamine (Hunig base) as the base, in tetrahydrofuran as the solvent in a temperature range from -78 ° C to room temperature.
• Process steps (IV) + SOCl 2 + "Ox"->(I); (VI) + SOCl 2 + “Ox”->(I); (XIU) + SOCl 2 + "Ox"->(VU); (XV) + SOCl 2 + "Ox”-> (VU) are preferably carried out in the first step by reaction with thionyl chloride in the presence of N, N-diisopropylethylamine (Hunig base) as the base, in tetrahydrofuran as the solvent in a temperature range of -78 ° C to room temperature.
• the subsequent oxidation is preferably carried out with sodium periodate in the presence of ruthenium (i ⁇ ) chloride hydrate in acetonitrile in a temperature range from 0 ° C. to room temperature.
• the cyclization reactions to cyclic urea derivatives in process steps (VI) -> (I) and (XV) -> (VU.) are preferably carried out using carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) as carbonic acid. equivalent in the presence of 4-N, N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) as a base in tetrahydrofuran as a solvent in a temperature range from room temperature to 80 ° C.
• CDI carbonyldiimidazole
• DMAP 4-N, N-dimethylaminopyridine
• the cyclization reaction to oxazolidine ions in process step (IV) -> (I) and to imidazolidine ions in process step (VI) -> (I) is preferably carried out with N, N'-thiocarbonyldiimidazole in the presence of 4-N, N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) as a base in dimethylformamide or tetrahydrofuran as a solvent in a temperature range from room temperature to 80 ° C.
• DMAP N-dimethylaminopyridine
• the phthalimide protective group in process step (VU) -> (U) is preferably cleaved using hydrazine hydrate or methylamine in methanol or ethanol as solvent in a temperature range from room temperature to 80 ° C.
• Process step (VUI) + (IX) -> (X) is preferably carried out in aqueous solution under reflux.
• the conversion of the carboxyl group to the corresponding alcohol in process step (X) -> (XI) is preferably carried out via the stage of the corresponding methyl ester by reacting (X) with thionyl chloride in methanol at 0 ° C. and then reducing the resulting methyl ester with sodium borohydride in methanol Reflux to (XI).
• Process step (XI) -> (VU) is preferably carried out by reacting (XI) with phthalimide in the presence of triphenylphosphine and azodicarboxylates such as diethyl azodicarboxylate (DEAD) in tetrahydrofuran in a temperature range from 0 ° C. to room temperature ,
• Process steps (VUI) + (XU) -> (XHI) and (VIII) + (XVI) -> (IV) are preferably carried out with primary amine or aniline derivatives in 1,4-dioxane, 1,4-dioxane Water mixtures, ethanol or ethanol-water mixtures in a temperature range from room temperature to 80 ° C or alternatively in the presence of catalytic amounts of ytterbium (IIT) trifluoromethanesulfonate in tetrahydrofuran in a temperature range from room temperature to 80 ° C.
• IIT ytterbium
• the oxidation of the alcohol function to the corresponding ketone in process steps (XIJT) -> (XIV) and (IV) -> (XVII) is preferably carried out under the conditions of Swera oxidation with dimethyl sulfoxide and oxalyl chloride or similar methods based on activated DMSO, such as for example with dimethyl sulfoxide and trifluoroacetic anhydride or dimethyl sulfoxide and N, N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / phosphoric acid (Pfitzner-Moffat oxidation).
• the reductive amination of the keto function in process steps (XTV) -> (XV) and (XVU) -> (VI) is preferably carried out using sodium cyanoborohydride as reducing agent in the presence of acetic acid and molecular sieve (4A) in methanol.
• the compounds according to the invention show an unforeseeable, valuable pharmacological spectrum of action.
• the compounds according to the invention are selective inhibitors of the blood coagulation factor Xa, which act in particular as anticoagulants.
• the present invention furthermore relates to the use of the compounds according to the invention for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of diseases, preferably thromboembolic diseases and / or thromboembolic complications.
• the “thromboembolic diseases” include, in particular, diseases such as a heart attack with an ST segment increase (STEMI) and without an ST segment increase (non-STEMI), stable angina pectoris, unstable angina pectoris, reocclusions and Restenosis after coronary interventions such as angioplasty or aortocoronary bypass, thrombotic and thromboembolic stroke, transient ischemic attacks, peripheral arterial disease, pulmonary embolism, deep venous thrombosis and renal venous thrombosis.
• diseases such as a heart attack with an ST segment increase (STEMI) and without an ST segment increase (non-STEMI)
• stable angina pectoris such as a heart attack with an ST segment increase (STEMI) and without an ST segment increase (non-STEMI)
• stable angina pectoris such as a heart attack with an ST segment increase (STEMI) and without an ST segment increase (non-STEMI)
• unstable angina pectoris such as CAD or
• the compounds according to the invention are suitable for the treatment of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
• DIC disseminated intravascular coagulation
• Thromboembolic complications also occur in microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, extracorporeal blood circulation, such as hemodialysis, and heart valve prostheses.
• the compounds according to the invention are also suitable for the prophylaxis and / or treatment of atherosclerotic vascular diseases and inflammatory diseases such as rheumatic diseases of the musculoskeletal system, and also for the prophylaxis and / or treatment of Alzheimer's disease and neoplastic diseases such as cancer.
• the compounds according to the invention can also be used to prevent coagulation ex vivo, for example in the case of blood samples or biological samples which contain factor Xa.
• the present invention furthermore relates to the use of the compounds according to the invention for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of diseases, in particular the aforementioned diseases.
• the present invention furthermore relates to the use of the compounds according to the invention for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of diseases, in particular the aforementioned diseases.
• Another object of the present invention is a method for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of diseases, in particular the aforementioned diseases, using an anticoagulant effective amount of the compound according to the invention.
• the present invention furthermore relates to a method for preventing blood coagulation in vitro, in particular in the case of preserved blood or biological samples which contain factor Xa, which is characterized in that an anticoagulant effective amount of the compound according to the invention is added.
• the present invention furthermore relates to medicaments containing a compound according to the invention and one or more further active compounds, in particular for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of the aforementioned diseases.
• suitable combination active ingredients which may be mentioned are:
• Lipid-lowering agents in particular HMG-CoA (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A) reductase inhibitors,
• Coronary therapeutic agents / vasodilators in particular ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitors; AII (angiotensin H.) Receptor antagonists; ⁇ -adrenoceptor antagonists; alpha-1-adrenoceptor antagonists; diuretics; Calcium channel blockers; Substances which cause an increase in cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), for example stimulators of soluble guanylate cyclase;
• Plasminogen activators thrombolytics / fibrinolytics
• compounds that increase thrombolysis / fibrinolysis such as inhibitors of the plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI inhibitor) or inhibitors of the thrombin-activated fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFT);
• anticoagulant substances anticoagulants
• anti-platelet substances platelet inhibitors, thrombocyte aggregation inhibitors
• Fibrinogen receptor antagonists (glycoprotein Hb / ⁇ ia antagonists).
• the present invention furthermore relates to medicaments which contain a compound according to the invention, usually together with one or more pharmacologically acceptable auxiliaries, and to their use for the purposes mentioned above.
• connection according to the invention can act systemically and / or locally.
• it can be applied in a suitable manner, e.g. oral, parenteral, pulmonary, nasal, sublingual, lingual, buccal, rectal, dermal, transdermal, conjunctival, otic or as an implant or stent.
• the compound according to the invention can be administered in suitable application forms for these application routes.
• state-of-the-art, fast and / or modified application forms which release the compound according to the invention and which contain the compound according to the invention in crystalline and / or amorphized and / or dissolved form, such as e.g. Tablets (non-coated or coated tablets, for example with gastric juice-resistant, delayed dissolving or insoluble coatings which control the release of the compound according to the invention), rapidly disintegrating tablets or films / wafers in the oral cavity, capsules, dragees, granules, pellets, powder, emulsions, Suspensions or solutions.
• Tablets non-coated or coated tablets, for example with gastric juice-resistant, delayed dissolving or insoluble coatings which control the release of the compound according to the invention
• rapidly disintegrating tablets or films / wafers in the oral cavity capsules, dragees, granules, pellets, powder, emulsions, Suspensions or solutions.
• Parenteral administration can be done by bypassing a resorption step (e.g. intravenously, intraarterially, intracardially, intraspinally or intralumbally) or by switching on absorption (e.g. intramuscularly, subcutaneously, intracutaneously or intraperitoneally).
• a resorption step e.g. intravenously, intraarterially, intracardially, intraspinally or intralumbally
• absorption e.g. intramuscularly, subcutaneously, intracutaneously or intraperitoneally.
• Suitable forms of application for parenteral administration include injection and infusion preparations in the form of solutions, suspensions, emulsions, lyophilisates or sterile powders.
• inhalation pharmaceutical forms including powder inhalers, nebulizers
• nasal drops, solutions, sprays are suitable
• the compound according to the invention can be converted into the administration forms mentioned in a manner known per se. This is done using inert, non-toxic, pharmaceutically suitable excipients.
• Carriers e.g. microcrystalline cellulose, lactose, mannitol etc.
• solvents e.g. liquid polyethylene glycols
• emulsifiers and dispersing or wetting agents e.g. sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyoxysorbitanoleate etc.
• binders e.g. polyvinylpyrrolidone
• synthetic and natural polymers e.g. albumin
• stabilizers eg antioxidants such as ascorbic acid
• dyes eg inorganic pigments such as iron oxides
• taste and / or smell corrections e.g. microcrystalline cellulose, lactose, mannitol etc.
• solvents e.g. liquid polyethylene glycols
• the amount per day is approximately 0.01 to 50 mg / kg, preferably approximately 0.1 to 4 mg / kg body weight.
• Device type MS Micromass ZQ
• Device type HPLC Waters Alliance 2795; Column: Merck Chromolith SpeedROD RP-18e 50 mm x 4.6 mm; Eluent A: water + 500 ⁇ l 50% formic acid per 1 water; Eluent B: acetonitrile + 500 ⁇ l 50% formic acid per 1 acetonitrile; Gradient: 0.0 min 10% B ⁇ 3.0 min 95% B ⁇ 4.0 min 95% B; Oven: 35 ° C; Flow: 0.0 min 1.0 ml min ⁇ 3.0 min 3.0 ml / min ⁇ 4.0 min 3.0 ml / min; UV detection: 210 nm.
• Method 2 Method 2:
• Device type MS Micromass ZQ
• Device type HPLC HP 1100 Series
• UV DAD Column: Grom-Sil 120 ODS-4 HE 50 mm x 2 mm, 3.0 ⁇ m
• Eluent A water + 500 ⁇ l 50% formic acid per 1 water
• eluent B acetonitrile + 500 ⁇ l 50% formic acid per 1 acetonitrile
• Oven 50 ° C
• Flow 0.8 ml min
• UV detection 210 nm.
• Device type MS Micromass ZQ
• Device type HPLC Waters Alliance 2795; Column: Phenomenex Synergi 2 ⁇ Hydro-RP Mercury 20mm x 4mm; Eluent A: 1 1 water + 0.5 ml 50% formic acid, eluent B: 1 1 acetonitrile + 0.5 ml 50% formic acid; Gradient: 0.0 min 90% A, flow 1 ml / min ⁇ 2.5 min 30% A, flow 2 ml min ⁇ 3.0 min 5% A, flow 2 ml / min ⁇ 4.5 min 5% A, flow 2 ml / min; Oven: 50 ° C; UV detection: 210 nm.
• Device type MS Micromass ZQ
• Device type HPLC HP 1100 Series
• UV DAD Column: Phenomenex Synergi 2 ⁇ Hydro-RP Mercury 20mm x 4mm
• Eluent A 1 1 water + 0.5 ml 50% formic acid
• eluent B 1 1 acetonitrile + 0.5 ml 50% formic acid
• Gradient: 0.0 min 90% A flow 1 ml / min ⁇ 2.5 min 30% A, flow 2 ml / min ⁇ 3.0 min 5% A, flow 2 ml / min ⁇ 4.5 min 5% A, flow 2 ml / min
• Oven 50 ° C
• UV detection 210 nm.
• the respective reaction mixture is stirred for 2 to 16 hours at room temperature or at temperatures up to 80 ° C and then concentrated in vacuo.
• the product can be purified by chromatography on silica gel (mobile phase: cyclohexane / ethyl acetate mixtures, dichloromethane / methanol mixtures or dichloromethane / methanol / triethylamine mixtures).
• reaction mixture is then diluted with dichloromethane and washed with 1 N sodium hydroxide solution.
• organic phase is dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated.
• residue, which in addition to the desired product also contains triphenylphosphine oxide, is used in the next step without further purification.
• the title compound is obtained analogously to Example 2 stage a) by reacting 1- (4-aminophenyl) -2-pyrrolidinone with itaconic acid.
• the title compound is obtained analogously to Example 2 stage c) by reacting methyl 5-oxo-1- [4- (2-oxo-pyrrolidinyl) phenyl] -3-pyrrolidinocarboxylate with sodium borohydride.
• the title compound is obtained analogously to Example 2 stage d) by reacting 4- (hydroxymethyl) -1- [4- (2-oxo-l-pyrrolidinyl) phenyl] -2-pyrrolidinone with phthalimide.
• the title compound is analogous to Example 2 stage e) by reacting 2 - ( ⁇ 5-oxo-l- [4- (2-oxo-l-pyrrolidinyl) ⁇ henyl] -3-pyrrolidinyl ⁇ methyl) -lH-isoindole-l , 3 (2H) -dione with ⁇ ydrazine monohydrate.
• the title compound is obtained analogously to Example 2 stage f) by reacting 4- (aminomethyl) -1- [4- (2-oxo-l-pyrrolidinyl) phenyl] -2-pyrrolidinone with 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid chloride.
• the title compound is prepared according to general method [A] by reacting l- (4-aminophenyl) pyrrolidin-2-one with 5-chloro-N- (2-oxiranylmethyl) -2-thiophenecarboxamide in an ethanol / water mixture ,
• 2-thiophenecarboxamide [Example 1 step a)] are dissolved in 5 ml DMF and mixed with 56.09 mg (0.3 mmol) N, N'-thiocarbonyldiimidazole and 2.6 mg (0.02 mmol) 4-N, N-dimethylaminopyridine. The solution is stirred at RT for 6 hours and then at 60 ° C. for 12 hours. The The solution is concentrated and the residue is purified by preparative HPLC (column: YMC Gel ODS-AQ S-11 ⁇ m; eluent: water / acetonitrile, gradient 90:10 - »5:95).
• the solution is stirred at RT for 6 hours and then at 60 ° C. for 12 hours. After concentrating the solution, the residue is dissolved in 10 ml T ⁇ F and mixed with 868 ⁇ l (0.9 mmol) tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride solution (1 M in T ⁇ F). The solution is stirred at RT for 1 hour. After concentrating the solution, the Residue dissolved in ethyl acetate / water (1: 1). After separation, the organic phase is washed with saturated sodium chloride solution, dried and concentrated. The crude product is purified by means of preparative HPLC (column: YMC Gel ODS-AQ S-11 ⁇ m; eluent: water / acetonitrile, gradient 90:10 ⁇ 5:95).
• the compounds of the formula (I) act in particular as selective inhibitors of the blood coagulation factor Xa and do not inhibit, or only at significantly higher concentrations, other serine proteases such as thrombin, plasmin or trypsin.
• selective refers to those inhibitors of the blood coagulation factor Xa in which the IC 5 o values for factor Xa inhibition over the IC 5 o values for the inhibition of other serine proteases, in particular thrombin, plasmin and trypsin to the 100- times, preferably 500 times, in particular 1,000 times, are smaller, reference being made with regard to the test methods for the selectivity to the test methods described below for Examples B. al) and a.2).
• the particularly advantageous biological properties of the compounds according to the invention can be determined by the following methods.
• the enzymatic activity of human factor Xa was measured via the conversion of a chromogenic substrate specific for the FXa.
• the factor Xa cleaves p-nitroaniline from the chromogenic substrate. The determinations were carried out in microtiter plates as follows.
• Pure DMSO serves as a control.
• the chromogenic substrate 150 ⁇ mol / 1 Pefachrome® FXa from Pentapharm
• the absorbance at 405 nm was determined.
• the extinctions of the test mixtures containing test substance were compared with the control mixtures without test substance, and the IC calculates 5 0- values.
• test substances were examined for their inhibition of other human serine proteases such as thrombin, trypsin, plasmin.
• thrombin 75 mU / ml
• trypsin 500 mU / ml
• plasmin 3.2 nmol 1
• the enzymatic reaction was then started by adding the corresponding specific chromogenic substrates (Chromozym Thrombin® from Boehringer Mannheim, Chromozym Trypsin® from Boehringer Mannheim, Chromozym Plasmin® from Boehringer Mannheim) and the extinction after 20 minutes at 405 nm certainly. All determinations were carried out at 37 ° C. The extinctions of the test batches with test substance were compared with the control samples without test substance and the IC 50 values were calculated therefrom.
• the anticoagulant effect of the test substances was determined in vitro in human and rat plasma.
• human blood was drawn using a 0.11 molar sodium citrate solution as a template in a sodium citrate / blood mixing ratio of 1/9.
• the blood was mixed well immediately after collection and centrifuged at about 4000 g for 15 minutes. The supernatant was pipetted off.
• the prothrombin time (PT, synonyms: thromboplastin time, quick test) was determined in the presence of varying concentrations of test substance or the corresponding solvent using a commercially available test kit (Neoplastin® from Boehringer Mannheim or Hemoliance® RecombiPlastin from Instrumentation Laboratory).
• the test compounds were incubated with the plasma at 37 ° C. for 3 minutes.
• Fasted male rats (strain: HSD CPB: WU) weighing 200-250 g were anesthetized with a Rompun / Ketavet solution (12 mg / kg / 50 mg / kg). Thrombus formation was carried out in an arteriovenous shunt based on the method described by Christopher N. Berry et al., Br. J. Pharmacol. (1994), 113, 1209-1214 triggered the method described. The left jugular vein and the right carotid artery were dissected. An extracorporeal shunt was placed between the two vessels using a 10 cm long polyethylene tube (PE 60).
• PE 60 polyethylene tube
• the middle of this polyethylene tube was bound in a further 3 cm long polyethylene tube (PE 160), which contained a roughened nylon thread and which was put into a loop to produce a thrombogenic surface.
• PE 160 polyethylene tube
• the extracorporeal circulation was maintained for 15 minutes.
• the shunt was then removed and the nylon thread with the thrombus immediately weighed.
• the empty weight of the nylon thread had been determined before the start of the test.
• the test substances were administered either intravenously via the tail vein or orally to animals awake using a pharyngeal tube.
• the compounds according to the invention can be converted into pharmaceutical preparations as follows:
• Example 1 100 mg of the compound from Example 1, 50 mg lactose, 50 mg microcrystalline cellulose, 10 mg polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), 10 mg cross-linked Na carboxymethyl cellulose and 2 mg magnesium stearate.
• PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone
• a single dose of 100 mg of the compound according to the invention corresponds to 10 g of oral suspension.
• the xanthan gum is suspended in ethanol, the active ingredient is added to the suspension.
• the water is added with stirring.
• the mixture is stirred for about 6 hours until the swelling of the xanthan gum is complete.
• a single dose of 100 mg of the compound according to the invention corresponds to 20 g of oral solution.
• the active ingredient is suspended in the mixture of polyethylene glycol and polysorbate with stirring. The stirring process is continued until the active ingredient has completely dissolved.
• the active substance is dissolved in a concentration below the saturation solubility in a physiologically acceptable solvent (e.g. isotonic saline, 5% glucose solution, PEG 400 30% solution).
• a physiologically acceptable solvent e.g. isotonic saline, 5% glucose solution, PEG 400 30% solution.
• the solution is filtered sterile and filled into sterile and pyrogen-free injection containers.

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