EP1626129B1 - Maschine zum Graben eines Schlitzes und Herstellen einer Wand in diesen Schlitz - Google Patents

Maschine zum Graben eines Schlitzes und Herstellen einer Wand in diesen Schlitz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1626129B1
EP1626129B1 EP05291633.5A EP05291633A EP1626129B1 EP 1626129 B1 EP1626129 B1 EP 1626129B1 EP 05291633 A EP05291633 A EP 05291633A EP 1626129 B1 EP1626129 B1 EP 1626129B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
machine
trench
machine according
thrust
excavator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP05291633.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1626129A1 (de
Inventor
Daniel c/o Compagnie du Sol Perpezat
Gérard c/o Compagnie du Sol Evers
Jean Pierre c/o Compagnie du Sol Hamelin
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Soletanche Freyssinet SA
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Soletanche Freyssinet SA
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Publication of EP1626129A1 publication Critical patent/EP1626129A1/de
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Publication of EP1626129B1 publication Critical patent/EP1626129B1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/13—Foundation slots or slits; Implements for making these slots or slits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/18—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ
    • E02D5/187—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ the bulkheads or walls being made continuously, e.g. excavating and constructing bulkheads or walls in the same process, without joints
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/46—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with reciprocating digging or scraping elements moved by cables or hoisting ropes ; Drives or control devices therefor
    • E02F3/47—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with reciprocating digging or scraping elements moved by cables or hoisting ropes ; Drives or control devices therefor with grab buckets
    • E02F3/475—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with reciprocating digging or scraping elements moved by cables or hoisting ropes ; Drives or control devices therefor with grab buckets for making foundation slots
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/08—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with digging wheels turning round an axis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to excavating machines intended to form in the soil long-length walls, which may be continuous or discontinuous.
  • Machines of this type capable of forming walls, are already known.
  • the document DE 730 768 describes a machine for excavating trenches and building walls in the trench and discloses the object of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the document US 4,035,024 also describes a machine for excavating trenches.
  • the document US 3,893,302 describes a machine and method for excavating trenches and building walls in excavated trenches.
  • This machine comprises a cutting tool, disposed in the front part of the machine, having the shape of an endless excavation chain provided with buckets.
  • the back of the machine includes a vertical conduit for bringing concrete from a container located outside the trench towards the back of the machine to fill the trench just dug.
  • this machine is subjected to the hydrostatic pressure of the concrete and, in any case, no means is provided for controlling both the thrust force created by the pressure of the concrete on the excavation means, and the speed of the progress of the machine.
  • the force created by the hydraulic pressure is usually greater than the force required to apply to the cutting tools.
  • the machine described in this document can only form molded-type walls, whereas in certain situations, it may be advantageous to have the prefabricated wall elements in the trench, and without having to change the excavating machine, nor cutting tool.
  • the present invention aims to substantially remedy the disadvantages just mentioned.
  • the machine further comprises a central part, braking means controllable to slow the advance or block at least part of the machine and controllable means for securing and separating the central portion respectively with the front and rear parts of the machine, whereby one can change the types of excavation means and means of forming a wall.
  • controllable braking means make it possible to control the advance of the machine and the force applied on the excavating means by braking at least a part of the machine when its speed is greater than a predetermined value or when the force applied on the means of excavation is too important.
  • controllable means of securing and detaching make it possible to easily dismount the excavating means of the central part of the machine. Similarly, they make it possible to easily dismount the means for forming a wall of the central part of the machine.
  • the excavation means can be dismounted while the machine is disposed in the trench, so that the excavation means can be easily adapted to the nature of the terrain to be excavated.
  • This disassembly also facilitates maintenance and maintenance operations.
  • the means for forming a wall may also be adapted to the nature of the ground or the type of wall that is desired to form. This allows in particular to be able to locally change the structure of the wall without having to change the excavating machine.
  • the means for forming a wall comprise at least one concrete liquid injector for filling the trench portion located behind the machine
  • the machine further comprises means guide means located in the central portion and adapted to change the trajectory by rotating the cutting edge in a horizontal plane relative to the rear part of the machine and the propulsion means comprise said at least one concrete liquid injector.
  • Concreting liquid means any building material that can be in the liquid state before curing, for example cement or concrete.
  • the thrust exerted by the hydrostatic pressure of the concreting liquid is used and controlled in order to advance the machine.
  • the orientation of the cutting edge influences the direction of advance of the machine and that the rotation of the cutting edge causes a curvature in the path of the machine, so that it is advantageously possible to form curved walls.
  • the front part of the machine can pivot relative to the rear part of the machine and the guide means comprise at least one jack fixed between the front and rear parts of the machine. machine, so that the action of said at least one cylinder causes the pivoting of the front portion relative to the rear part of the machine.
  • the excavation means are pivotable relative to the means for forming the wall along a substantially vertical axis of rotation in order to pivot the cutting edge in a substantially horizontal plane.
  • the guide means comprise at least two rows of jacks, said rows being arranged vertically on either side of a horizontal central axis of the machine.
  • the means for forming a wall comprise at least one row of injectors arranged vertically oriented in the direction opposite to the direction of advance of the machine, so as to inject concrete liquid under pressure into the trench behind the machine. whereby the injection of liquid under pressure also helps to propel the machine.
  • pressurized concrete liquid allows the filling of the trench and creates a propulsion force directed in the opposite direction to that of the injected liquid.
  • the excavation means are movable relative to the means for forming a wall and the machine further comprises thrust means located in the central part of the machine, able to exert on the means of excavation a force oriented horizontally and / or vertically.
  • these thrust means are able to produce and control both a thrust force, a speed of movement, whatever the nature of the soil to be excavated.
  • the vertical thrust force of the excavation means along the cutting edge makes it possible to "saw” the trench.
  • a horizontal pushing force of the cutting tools can be advantageously associated with the vertical force to combine a horizontal force and a vertical force on the cutting edge.
  • the excavation means are movable relative to the means for forming a wall
  • the propulsion means are located at least partly in the central part of the machine and are able to move horizontally and / or vertically the excavation means relative to the means for forming a wall.
  • the braking means comprise a rear brake device adapted to block the rear part of the machine relative to the trench and the propulsion means are able to move the excavation means forward when the rear part of the machine is blocked by said rear brake device.
  • the means for forming a wall comprise a device for inserting prefabricated wall elements at the rear of the machine and the propulsion means are able to bear on a prefabricated wall element inserted, to allow the horizontal and / or vertical displacement of the excavation means.
  • Prefabricated wall elements are walls that have been molded prior to their introduction into the trench.
  • the propulsion means are supported on the last prefabricated wall element which has been inserted into the trench and located immediately behind the machine.
  • the means for forming a wall comprise at least one concrete liquid injector intended to fill the trench portion located behind the machine, and the propulsion means further comprise said at least one injector of concrete liquid.
  • the braking means further comprise a front brake device mounted on the front end of the central part and able to block the front part of the machine relative to the trench, the propulsion means comprise a device to move the rear part of the machine towards the front part when it is blocked by said front brake device.
  • the rear part is movable towards the front part, which makes it possible to advance the rear part of the machine in the direction of the excavation.
  • a second step it is possible to lock the rear brake device or to rest on a prefabricated wall element or to bear directly on a volume of injected liquid in order to move the excavation means forward, in order to advance the whole machine.
  • the succession of these two movements allows the advancement of the machine, which may be preferably but not necessarily accompanied by concrete injection liquid at the rear of the machine.
  • the machine further comprises thrust means capable of exerting a horizontal and / or vertical thrust on the excavation means.
  • the thrust means are capable of producing and controlling a thrust force and / or a speed of displacement, depending on the nature of the soil to be excavated.
  • the vertical thrust of the excavation means along the cutting edge makes it possible to "saw” the trench.
  • a horizontal thrust of the cutting tools can be advantageously associated with the vertical thrust in order to combine a horizontal force and a vertical force on the cutting edge.
  • the thrust means comprise at least one jack fixed between the front part and the rear part, arranged in a substantially horizontal direction and able to exert a horizontal thrust on the excavating means.
  • the cylinders are distributed in at least two rows of horizontal cylinders, said rows being arranged vertically.
  • the thrust means comprise at least one jack fixed between the central portion and the front portion of the machine, disposed in a substantially vertical direction and adapted to exert a vertical thrust on the excavating means.
  • the thrust means comprise at least two rows of vertical cylinders, said rows being arranged vertically.
  • the controllable braking means comprise a front brake device, preferably comprising at least one jack oriented transversely to the trajectory of the machine and fixed to the front part of the machine, said at least one jack being provided at its free end. a friction plate adapted to be brought into contact with a face of the trench when said jack is actuated.
  • controllable braking means comprise a rear brake device comprising at least one jack oriented transversely to the trajectory of the machine and fixed to the rear part of the machine, said at least one jack being provided at its free end. a friction plate adapted to be brought into contact with a face of the trench when said jack is actuated.
  • a machine 10 according to the invention is intended for producing walls in the ground, such as concrete walls.
  • the machine 10 first makes it possible to excavate a trench in the ground and then to form a wall in the excavated trench.
  • the machine 10 has a rear portion 12, a central portion 14 and a front portion 16.
  • the dimensions of the machine 10 are such that its width is substantially equal to or slightly less than the width of the wall to be formed, its height seen in a vertical direction is substantially equal to or slightly less than the depth of the wall to be formed and its length measure a few meters.
  • the rear part 12 of the machine according to the invention comprises means 18 for forming a wall 20 in a trench 21.
  • these means for forming a wall may comprise a concreting module 19, as shown in FIG. figure 1 .
  • the concreting module 19 preferably comprises a plurality of concreting liquid injectors 22 (for example liquid concrete) arranged vertically over the entire height of the machine 10.
  • the injectors 22 are arranged such that their outlets are oriented substantially in the longitudinal direction of the trench, in the opposite direction of the excavation.
  • the injectors 22 are arranged in a vertical row.
  • injectors 22 are fed by a supply line, itself connected to a container of concreting liquid located on the surface (not shown here).
  • each injector 22 is supplied separately, so that the flow rate and / or the pressure of the liquid leaving an injector 22 is controllable independently of the others.
  • the means for forming a wall 18 preferably comprise, but not limited to, two vertical elements 24, 26 of triangular section disposed on either side of the row of injectors so as to form a formwork 27.
  • each vertical element 24, 26 comprises a parallel face 24a, 26a to the face of the trench, seen in a vertical plane, an orthogonal face 24b, 26b to said face of the trench and an inclined face 24c, 26c with respect to said face of the trench.
  • Each vertical element 24, 26 comprises at its end, seen in the opposite direction to that of the advance of the machine, a pad 28 extending the end of said vertical member so as to prevent concrete from being inserted between an element vertical and said face of the trench 21.
  • the concreting module 19, and in general, the means for forming a wall 18, are connected to the central portion 14 by means of controllable means for securing and detaching the rear portion 12 with the central portion 14 of the machine 10.
  • controllable means of securing and detaching advantageously make it possible to change the type of the forming means 18 of a wall, while leaving in the trench 21 the other elements of the machine 10.
  • said central portion 14 comprises a rear end 29 fixed to the rear part by the securing and detaching means of the central portion 14 and the rear portion, and a front end 31 fixed to the front portion 16 by means of securing and detaching the central portion with the front portion 16.
  • the central portion 14 further comprises controllable braking means which are adapted to block or brake the advance of the machine 10 relative to the trench.
  • controllable braking means comprise a rear brake device 30, located on the rear end 29 of the central part, which preferably comprises two vertical rows of hydraulic cylinders 32, 34, each row being fixedly secured to one of the two lateral sides of the rear end 29 of the central portion 14.
  • each jack 32, 34 is oriented transversely with respect to the trajectory of the machine 10.
  • each hydraulic cylinder 32, 34 is provided at one of its ends with a friction plate 35 adapted to be brought into contact with the face of the trench when the corresponding cylinder is actuated.
  • the friction plates 35 are formed of a material having a high coefficient of friction, so that when a plate is brought into contact with one face of the trench, this contributes to creating a frictional force between the central portion 14 and the trench 21 to block or brake the advancement of at least a portion of the machine 10, in this case the rear portion 12, which is attached to the rear end 29 of the central portion 14 of the machine 10.
  • the rear brake device 30 is designed such that each hydraulic cylinder 32, 34 is controllable independently of the others.
  • the cylinders are controllable by pair of cylinders located at the same height, each pair being controllable independently of other pairs of cylinders.
  • controllable braking means further comprises a front brake device 36 mounted on the front end 31 of the central portion 14.
  • the front brake device 36 preferably comprises two vertical rows of hydraulic cylinders 40, 42, each row being fastened integrally to one of the two lateral sides of the front end 31 of the central portion 14.
  • each jack 40, 42 is oriented transversely with respect to the path of the machine 10.
  • each hydraulic cylinder 40, 42 is also provided at one of its ends with a friction plate 35 adapted to be brought into contact with an edge of the trench when the corresponding cylinder is actuated.
  • the friction plates 35 are formed of a material having a high coefficient of friction, so that when a plate 35 is brought into contact with an edge of the trench 21, this contributes to creating a frictional force between the part Central 14 and Trench 21 so as to block or brake the advancement of at least a portion of the machine 10, in this case the front portion 16, which is fixed to the front end 31 of the central portion 14 of the machine 10.
  • the front brake device is designed such that each hydraulic cylinder 40, 42 is controllable independently of the others.
  • the cylinders are controllable in pairs.
  • each pair of cylinders located at the same height, viewed in a vertical direction, is controllable independently of other pairs of cylinders.
  • the front and rear brake devices 30, 36 can be actuated simultaneously or separately depending on the type of braking or blocking sought.
  • the front and rear ends 29, 31 of the central portion 14 are movable relative to each other, in translation in the longitudinal direction of the machine 10. They are also movable relative to one another. to the other in rotation about a horizontal axis in the vertical direction and in rotation about a vertical axis in the horizontal direction.
  • At least one jack 44 is disposed longitudinally between the front and rear ends 29, 31 of the central portion 14.
  • the two ends of the jack 44 are fixed integrally to the front and rear ends 29, 31 of the central portion 14, so that the actuation of the jack 44 causes the displacement of the front end 31 of the central portion 14. relative to the rear end 29, and hence the displacement of the front portion 16 of the machine 10 relative to the rear portion 12, in a direction substantially parallel to the path of the machine 10.
  • two vertical rows 46, 48 of jacks 44 are disposed longitudinally between said ends 29, 31, over the entire height of the machine so that the thrust force of the jacks 44 is substantially uniformly distributed over the entire height of the machine. machine 10.
  • Pushing here means both the thrust force and the speed of displacement applied to the excavation means.
  • the jacks 44 may be separately controllable so that the thrust of the jacks 44 on the front end 31 of the central portion 14 may be a function of the height position of the jack 44.
  • the rows are preferably arranged on either side of a vertical vertical plane M of the machine 10.
  • At least one hydraulic cylinder 52 is arranged vertically between the central portion 14 and the front portion 16 of the machine 10, as shown in FIG. figure 2 .
  • a first end of the hydraulic cylinder 52 is fixed to the front end 31 of the central portion 14, while a second end of the jack 52 is fixed to the front portion 16 of the machine, so that the actuation of the cylinder 52 causes the displacement of the front portion 16 to the front end 29 of the central portion 14 and, consequently, the displacement in a substantially vertical direction of the front portion 16 relative to the rear portion 12 of the machine 10.
  • At least one vertical row of cylinders 52 is arranged according to the height of the machine 10, so as to cumulate the power of the cylinders 52 arranged vertically.
  • the front portion 16 of the machine 10 comprises excavation means for digging the trench 12 in the direction of advance of the machine 10.
  • the excavation means also called “cutting module”
  • the excavation means include cutting tools 54 which are able to excavate the trench over its entire depth. So called “cutting face 55 ", the cutting surface defined by the cutting tools 54 excavation means.
  • the cutting tools 54 are distributed over the entire height of the machine, each cutting tool 54 being adapted to excavate a portion of the cutting edge 55.
  • the cutting tools 54 comprise rotary cylinders 56 mounted on hydraulic motors 58 and extending substantially along the path of the machine, that is to say orthogonally with respect to the cutting edge.
  • the cylinders comprise a plurality of size elements 59 disposed on their end facing the cutting face 55 and the size elements 59 'disposed on their cylindrical lateral face.
  • the cylinders 56 are arranged in pairs, preferably distributed over the entire height of the machine.
  • the two rotary cylinders 56, 56 ' of a pair have a counter-rotating movement which tends to compensate for the forces generated.
  • the cutting tool may comprise only cylinders whose axes are arranged on the same vertical segment.
  • the rotary cylinders 56, 56 ' are such that the minimum distance between the two peripheries of the cylinders is of the order of a few centimeters.
  • d the distance between the lower cylinder of a first pair and the lower cylinder of the pair immediately below the first pair.
  • the rear brake device 30 is actuated so that the rear portion 12 of the machine 10 is locked relative to the trench 21.
  • the machine comprises thrust means used to exert a horizontal and / or vertical thrust force on the excavation means.
  • the thrust means also make it possible to provide the excavation means with the necessary forward speed to optimize the excavation.
  • the thrust means comprise horizontally disposed cylinders 44 as well as vertically arranged jacks 52.
  • the reciprocating vertical movement of the cutting tools is raised upwards and then downwards, preferably of amplitude at least equal to d , so as to vertically saw the trench 21 on any the surface of the cutting edge.
  • the cutting elements 59 located at the periphery of the cylinders 56, 56 ' contribute to the sawing effect.
  • a second variant 58 of the cutting module represented Figures 4 and 5 , it comprises cutting tools 60, 62 able to excavate the trench 21 while moving vertically, for example from the bottom to the top of the trench 21.
  • These cutting tools 60, 62 are for example in the form of two horizontal augers 63, each being rotatably mounted on a hydraulic motor 64 whose axis of rotation extends along the path of the machine 10.
  • the cutting module 58 may also comprise an endless chain 66 extending vertically over the entire height of the machine and on which the cutting tools 60, 62 are mounted. other means for moving the cutting tools on the height of the trench.
  • endless chain 66 makes it possible to vertically move the cutting tools 60, 62 and that the excavation of the trench 21 preferably takes place during the ascent of the cutting tools 60, 62, as has been shown. on the Figures 4 and 5 .
  • this cutting module comprises a plurality of cutting tools 68 distributed vertically in a row extending along the height of the machine 10.
  • the distance between two adjacent cutting tools 68 is called “ h ".
  • Each cutting tool 68 comprises a source 70 of high pressure liquid jet capable of destructuring the soil to be excavated.
  • a grid support device 72 is placed in front of the jet and makes it possible to place the jet at an optimum distance from the ground.
  • the jet sources 70 are actuated on the one hand and the vertically arranged jacks on the other hand to move alternatively upwards and then downwards the cutting module, of an amplitude at least equal to h .
  • the jets are able to act on substantially the entire depth of the trench 21.
  • this gate 72 comprises a series of teeth 74 arranged along the lower edge of said gate 72, to facilitate the movement of the gate 72 during the advancement of the cutting module and also to "plane" the ground portion having undergone the action of the jet to favor the excavation.
  • the excavation means preferably comprise evacuation means (not shown here) for discharging the particles from the excavation, located on a rear zone of the cutting module .
  • These evacuation means may comprise nozzles for injecting liquid under pressure near the tools and a pipe 76 for sucking the liquid containing the particles excavated towards the surface, outside the trench 21.
  • the machine 10 comprises cutting means comprising a cutting module, preferably that defined in the first variant detailed above.
  • the machine 10 further comprises means for forming a wall 18 in the form of a concreting module 19 as described above, as well as propulsion means able to advance the machine along a path.
  • These propulsion means comprise the injectors 22 concreting means 19 and the formwork 27.
  • the machine according to the invention forms the diaphragm wall as the machine progresses.
  • This hydrostatic pressure creates a force applied to the inclined elements 24c, 26c of the divergent nozzle, the resultant also directed towards the front of the machine.
  • the cylinders 32, 34, 40, 42 of the braking devices 30, 36 can be controlled separately, it is possible to locally adapt the braking force to the propulsive force acting on the machine 10 at a height given.
  • the force exerted by the concrete on the machine 10 is generally greater than the horizontal force which is necessary for the excavating means.
  • the machine according to the first embodiment of the invention therefore allows to actively control the force exerted by the concrete on it, which was not provided in the prior art described above.
  • the machine 10 also comprises guide means which essentially comprise horizontally disposed cylinders 44. As indicated above, said jacks 44 are arranged in two vertical rows 46, 48 arranged in on either side of a median plane M of the machine 10.
  • the machine 10 comprises in the central portion 14, a straight row 46 and a left row 48 of cylinders 44 arranged horizontally.
  • the cylinders arranged horizontally facilitate the extraction of the machine 10 from the trench 21, which facilitates in particular the maintenance operations.
  • the cylinders are actuated horizontally so that the piston enters the body of the cylinder 44, which reduces the length of the central portion 14, thus also that of the machine 10.
  • the machine 10 comprises propulsion means which preferably comprise the horizontally disposed cylinders 44, as well as the vertically arranged cylinders 52.
  • the rear part 12 of the machine 10 is preferably locked with respect to the trench 21 by actuating the rear brake device 30, so that the cylinders arranged horizontally or vertically 44, 52 can bear on the rear portion 12 of the machine 10 to move on the cutting module 18, this displacement may be horizontal and / or vertical.
  • the wall forming means comprises the concreting liquid injectors 22 , so that to advance the machine, the front brake device 36 is actuated, the rear brake device 30 is released and preferably, but not necessarily, the casting liquid is injected, which causes the rear part 12 to move towards the front part 14.
  • the means for forming a wall comprise a device 80 for inserting prefabricated wall elements 82 visible on the figure 12 .
  • the propulsion means comprise horizontally disposed cylinders 44 in the central portion 14. These are able to bear on a prefabricated wall element 80 so as to move the excavation means.
  • the front brake device 36 is actuated to block the front portion 18 of the machine 10, and then the horizontally disposed cylinders 44 are actuated , the latter bearing on the front part 16 to move the machine. rear portion 12 to the front portion 16. Finally, the excavation means is moved forward to advance the front portion 16 of the machine 10.
  • the thrust means preferably comprise at least the jacks of the propulsion means.
  • Land support in the trench area being excavated can be achieved by filling the trench with mud or equivalent material.
  • This support can also be achieved by the side walls of the machine itself, on the trench portion being excavated. Indeed, behind the excavating machine, the trench is filled by the wall that is put in place as and when the machine advance, as already explained.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Maschine (10), um einen Graben (21) auszuheben und eine Wand in dem Graben (21) zu errichten, die geeignet ist, sich entlang einer Bahn vorzuschieben, wobei die Maschine hintere (12) und vordere (16) Teile bei Betrachtung der Vorschubrichtung der Maschine (10) umfasst, und
    • Aushubmittel (54, 56, 56', 58, 59, 60, 62, 63, 66, 68), die im vorderen Teil (16) der Maschine angeordnet sind und eine im Wesentlichen vertikale Schnittfront (55) definieren,
    • Mittel zur Bildung (18, 19, 22, 80) einer Wand, die sich im hinteren Teil (12) der Maschine befinden,
    • Antriebsmittel (22, 44, 52), die geeignet sind, die Maschine entlang der Bahn vorzuschieben,
    wobei die Maschine ferner einen zentralen Teil (14), umfassend ein vorderes Ende (31) und ein hinteres Ende (29), die in Bezug zueinander beweglich sind, umfasst, der zwischen den hinteren (12) und vorderen (16) Teilen angeordnet ist, steuerbare Mittel zur Verbindung und Trennung des zentralen Teils (14) mit bzw. von den vorderen (16) bzw. hinteren (12) Teilen der Maschine (10), wodurch die Aushubmitteltypen (54, 56, 56', 58, 59, 60, 62, 63, 66, 68) und Wanderrichtungsmittel (18, 19, 22, 80) geändert werden können, wobei die vorderen (16), zentralen (14) und hinteren (12) Teile im Wesentlichen in dem Gaben (21) während des Betriebs der Maschine angeordnet sind, wobei die Aushubmittel in Bezug zu den Wanderrichtungsmitteln beweglich sind, wobei die Antriebsmittel (22, 44, 52) zumindest teilweise in dem zentralen Teil (14) der Maschine angeordnet und geeignet sind, die Aushubmittel (54, 56, 56', 58, 59, 60, 62, 63, 66, 68) in Bezug zu den Wanderrichtungsmitteln (18, 19, 22, 80) horizontal und/oder vertikal zu verschieben, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Maschine (10) ferner steuerbare Bremsmittel (30, 36) umfasst, um den Vorschub zu verlangsamen oder zumindest einen der Teile (12, 14, 16) der Maschine (10) festzustellen, dass die Bremsmittel (30, 36) ferner eine vordere Bremsvorrichtung (36) umfassen, die auf dem vorderen Ende des zentralen Teils montiert und geeignet ist, den vorderen Teil (16) der Maschine in Bezug zu dem Graben festzustellen, und dass die Antriebsmittel (22, 44, 52) geeignet sind, den hinteren Teil der Maschine zu dem vorderen Teil zu verschieben, wenn dieser durch die vordere Bremsvorrichtung (30, 36) festgestellt ist.
  2. Maschine gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wanderrichtungsmittel (18, 19, 22, 80) mindestens eine Reihe von Einspritzdüsen (22) umfassen, die vertikal in zu der Vorschubrichtung der Maschine (10) entgegengesetzte Richtung ausgerichtet sind, um Betonierflüssigkeit unter Druck in den Graben hinter der Maschine (10) einzuspritzen, wobei das Einspritzen von Flüssigkeit unter Druck auch zum Antrieb der Maschine beiträgt.
  3. Maschine gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bremsmittel (30, 36) eine hintere Bremsvorrichtung (36) umfassen, die geeignet ist, den hinteren Teil der Maschine in Bezug zum Graben festzustellen, und dass die Antriebsmittel geeignet sind, die Aushubmittel nach vorne zu verschieben, wenn der hintere Teil der Maschine durch die hintere Bremsvorrichtung (36) festgestellt ist.
  4. Maschine gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wanderrichtungsmittel eine Vorrichtung (80) zum Einsetzen von vorgefertigten Wandelementen (82) hinten an der Maschine umfassen, und dass die Antriebsmittel (22, 44, 52) geeignet sind, auf einem eingesetzten vorgefertigten Wandelement (82) aufzuliegen, um die horizontale und/oder vertikale Verschiebung der Aushubmittel zu ermöglichen.
  5. Maschine gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wanderrichtungsmittel mindestens eine Einspritzdüse (22) für Betonierflüssigkeit umfassen, die dazu bestimmt ist, den Grabenabschnitt, der sich hinter der Maschine befindet, zu füllen, und dass die Antriebsmittel (22, 44, 52) ferner die mindestens eine Einspritzdüse für Betonierflüssigkeit umfassen.
  6. Maschine gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Maschine ferner Schubmittel (22, 44, 52) umfasst, die geeignet sind, einen horizontalen und/oder vertikalen Schub auf die Aushubmittel (54, 56, 56', 58, 59, 60, 62, 63, 66, 68) auszuüben.
  7. Maschine gemäß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schubmittel mindestens einen Zylinder (44) umfassen, der zwischen dem vorderen Teil (16) und dem hinteren Teil (12) befestigt und in einer im Wesentlichen horizontalen Richtung angeordnet und geeignet ist, einen horizontalen Schub auf die Aushubmittel auszuüben.
  8. Maschine gemäß Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schubmittel (22, 44, 52) mindestens zwei Reihen (46, 48) von horizontalen Zylindern umfassen, wobei die Reihen vertikal angeordnet sind.
  9. Maschine gemäß einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schubmittel (22, 44, 52) mindestens einen Zylinder (52) umfassen, der zwischen dem zentralen Teil (14) und dem vorderen Teil der Maschine (10) befestigt, in einer im Wesentlichen vertikalen Richtung angeordnet und geeignet ist, einen vertikalen Schub auf die Aushubmittel auszuüben.
  10. Maschine gemäß Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schubmittel (22, 44, 52) mindestens zwei Reihen von vertikalen Zylindern umfassen, wobei die Reihen vertikal angeordnet sind.
  11. Maschine gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vordere Bremsvorrichtung (30) mindestens einen Zylinder (40, 42) umfasst, der quer zur Bahn der Maschine ausgerichtet und am zentralen Teil der Maschine befestigt ist, wobei der mindestens eine Zylinder (40, 42) an seinem freien Ende mit einer Reibungsplatte (35) versehen ist, die geeignet ist, mit einer Seite des Grabens in Kontakt zu kommen, wenn der Zylinder betätigt wird.
  12. Maschine gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die steuerbaren Bremsmittel eine hintere Bremsvorrichtung (36), umfassend mindestens einen quer zur Bahn der Maschine ausgerichteten und am zentralen Teil der Maschine befestigten Zylinder (32, 34) umfassen, wobei der mindestens eine Zylinder (32, 34) an seinem freien Ende mit einer Reibungsplatte (35) versehen ist, die geeignet ist, mit einer Seite des Grabens in Kontakt zu kommen, wenn der Zylinder betätigt ist.
  13. Maschine gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aushubmittel (54, 56, 56', 58, 59, 60, 62, 63, 66, 68) horizontal und/oder vertikal in Bezug zum hinteren Teil (12) der Maschine verschoben werden können.
  14. Maschine gemäß Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Durchflussmenge und/oder der Druck der aus einer Einspritzdüse (22) austretenden Flüssigkeit steuerbar sind.
EP05291633.5A 2004-08-10 2005-08-01 Maschine zum Graben eines Schlitzes und Herstellen einer Wand in diesen Schlitz Not-in-force EP1626129B1 (de)

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FR0408789A FR2874222B1 (fr) 2004-08-10 2004-08-10 Machine pour creuser une tranchee et realiser une paroi dans ladite tranchee

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US8608410B2 (en) * 2000-05-31 2013-12-17 Vladimir Anatol Shreider Apparatus and a method for constructing an underground curved multisectional wall and stratum
CN101558203B (zh) * 2006-08-24 2011-04-13 利·古莱 一种产生地下基坑和/或建筑的装置和方法
EA200602267A1 (ru) * 2006-12-04 2008-04-28 Закрытое Акционерное Общество "Институт Метрогипротранс" Устройство для возведения стены в грунте
US8079163B2 (en) * 2007-07-30 2011-12-20 Vladimir Anatol Shreider Excavator and a method for constructing an underground continuous wall
US8061065B2 (en) * 2007-07-30 2011-11-22 Vladimir Anatol Shreider Apparatus and a method for constructing an underground continuous filling wall and stratum
FR2960570B1 (fr) * 2010-05-25 2013-06-14 Soletanche Freyssinet Paroi formee dans un sol, comprenant un element prefabrique creux, et procede de realisation d'une telle paroi
EP2423388A1 (de) * 2010-08-30 2012-02-29 Bauer Spezialtiefbau GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer Schlitzwand
FR3041025B1 (fr) * 2015-09-10 2017-09-29 Soletanche Freyssinet Machine de forage suspendue a un cable de sustentation fixe au module de forage
US10571047B2 (en) * 2016-10-18 2020-02-25 Cciip Llc Microtrencher having a utility avoidance safety device and method of microtrenching
NL2018069B1 (nl) * 2016-12-23 2018-07-02 Carpdredging Ip B V Graafinstallatie
NL2018068B1 (nl) * 2016-12-23 2018-07-02 Carpdredging Ip B V Graafinstallatie

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EP1626129A1 (de) 2006-02-15
JP4741898B2 (ja) 2011-08-10
JP2006052637A (ja) 2006-02-23
US7481604B2 (en) 2009-01-27
FR2874222B1 (fr) 2006-12-01
FR2874222A1 (fr) 2006-02-17
US20060032094A1 (en) 2006-02-16

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