EP1624122A2 - Élément d'absorbtion acoustique, méthode pour sa fabrication et dispositif de convoyage de cellulose - Google Patents

Élément d'absorbtion acoustique, méthode pour sa fabrication et dispositif de convoyage de cellulose Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1624122A2
EP1624122A2 EP05450133A EP05450133A EP1624122A2 EP 1624122 A2 EP1624122 A2 EP 1624122A2 EP 05450133 A EP05450133 A EP 05450133A EP 05450133 A EP05450133 A EP 05450133A EP 1624122 A2 EP1624122 A2 EP 1624122A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sound
absorbing element
cellulose
layer
wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05450133A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
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EP1624122A3 (fr
EP1624122B2 (fr
EP1624122B1 (fr
Inventor
Herwig Hengsberger
Wolfgang Lackner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zellulosedammstoffproduktion Cph Cph Beteiligungs & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Zellulosedammstoffproduktion Cph Cph Beteiligungs & Co KG GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Zellulosedammstoffproduktion Cph Cph Beteiligungs & Co KG GmbH filed Critical Zellulosedammstoffproduktion Cph Cph Beteiligungs & Co KG GmbH
Publication of EP1624122A2 publication Critical patent/EP1624122A2/fr
Publication of EP1624122A3 publication Critical patent/EP1624122A3/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F21/00—Implements for finishing work on buildings
    • E04F21/02—Implements for finishing work on buildings for applying plasticised masses to surfaces, e.g. plastering walls
    • E04F21/06—Implements for applying plaster, insulating material, or the like
    • E04F21/08—Mechanical implements
    • E04F21/12—Mechanical implements acting by gas pressure, e.g. steam pressure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B2001/8263—Mounting of acoustical elements on supporting structure, e.g. framework or wall surface
    • E04B2001/8272—Resiliently mounted wall cladding acting as a diaphragmatic sound damper

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sound-absorbing element for application to a ceiling or wall, preferably on the inside of a building exterior wall, a method for its production, and a cellulose conveying device for carrying out the method.
  • Sound-absorbing elements which can be attached to walls or ceilings play an important role in structural engineering for damping environmental noise and influencing the frequency response of rooms.
  • the reverberation time of rooms can be shortened and the formation of resonance sound, which is caused by unfavorable dimensioning or geometry of the space caused standing waves, can be reduced.
  • the attenuation of frequencies below 100 Hz is often associated with considerable effort or previously had an unsatisfactory architectural appearance.
  • Prior art sound-absorbing elements E04B are often constructed as plate resonators, as described, for example, in EP 0 811 097.
  • the plate resonator disclosed in this document for the broadband attenuation of rooms comprises a thin metal front plate which is excitable for resonance vibration at sound waves below 125 Hz, a back plate made of an elastomer, as well as a full-surface solid connection between front panel and back panel, e.g. by double-sided adhesive tape, and finally a bounded on all sides by the back plate, the lateral sound entry into the back plate not obstructing boundary.
  • This plate resonator can be attached to the ceiling or wall using edge fasteners.
  • a disadvantage of this known sound-absorbing element is the fact that it can develop satisfactory effect only in small rooms, if one does not accept that the sound-absorbing element is sized as large as the wall or ceiling to which it is attached. Since the latter is hardly feasible for visual and practical reasons, the sound-absorbing element can only "punctually" in Space act.
  • Another disadvantage of the known sound-absorbing element is that its attachment has to be done very carefully and optionally with the use of vibration damping elements so as not to become the cause of resonant vibrations that can lead to unpleasant noise.
  • vibration damping elements In the attachment of the known sound-absorbing elements to the wall or ceiling, there is also the risk of the formation of sound bridges by sound impinging on the sound-absorbing element via the fasteners is forwarded to the masonry.
  • the known sound-absorbing element also has a problem that it acts as an internal insulation without vapor barrier in the case of application to the inside of a building exterior wall and can lead to condensate formation at the boundary layer to the masonry due to dew point shift. This can lead to mold growth.
  • the above-mentioned moisture problems become greater, the greater the area proportion of the known sound-absorbing elements in comparison to the sum of the wall and ceiling surfaces.
  • the present invention has for its object to solve the problems occurring in the known sound-absorbing elements.
  • the invention achieves this object by providing a sound-absorbing element with the characterizing features of claim 1.
  • Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are set forth in the subclaims.
  • the sound-absorbing element according to the invention for application to a ceiling or wall, preferably on the inside of a building exterior wall, with its construction of a lower layer with cellulose as the main constituent and a surface layer of a material having a higher specific gravity than the lower layer , acts as a broadband plate resonator, which absorbs sound over a large area, wherein the compliance of the cellulosic material of the lower layer and the elastic mass of the upper layer cooperate to attenuate sound broadband.
  • the topsheet is elastic to some extent.
  • the sound-absorbing element can be applied both on flat and on uneven or curved surfaces.
  • the sound-absorbing element according to the invention has the great advantage that it can extend over the entire surface of walls or ceilings of rooms and thus neither distracting works in architectural terms nor displaced space.
  • the sound-absorbing element according to the invention is characterized by high sorption capacity, wherein the absorbed moisture is released back to the ambient air, so that condensation is avoided.
  • the sound-absorbing element in a further development of the sound-absorbing element according to the invention its upper layer is formed as a plaster layer, with mineral plasters are preferred.
  • the top layer may be formed of structural panels such as wood, gypsum or plasterboard.
  • the sound-absorbing element is in these cases as a wall, which can be treated as ordinary walls, for example by applying a coat of paint.
  • the upper layer With sound passages.
  • the frequency response can be set exactly.
  • the upper layer can be subdivided into regions which are decoupled from each other in terms of vibration.
  • the frequency response of the sound-absorbing element except by varying the thickness and / or the binder addition by changing the density of the lower layer by using screened in a certain grading cellulose.
  • the grading curve is determined by the sequential arrangement of sieves of different mesh size to which the cellulose to be screened is fed.
  • binders are added to the underlayer when they are applied.
  • the dynamic stiffness of the underlayer is adjusted by the amount and type of binders added.
  • the dynamic stiffness of the lower layer in turn influences the frequency response of the sound-absorbing element.
  • the added, preferably organic, binders comprise either powdered, water-activatable binders, or liquid adhesives, such as latex adhesive or polyvinylacetate-based adhesive.
  • cellulose is an organic material that can be attacked by mold under unfavorable climatic conditions, it is provided in a development of the invention to mix fungicides to the lower layer. Similarly, to achieve fire retardant properties, fire retardants, such as e.g. Borates slammed to the lower class.
  • the aforementioned sound decoupling elements can be used to divide the upper layer into a plurality of mutually vibrationally decoupled areas.
  • the invention also provides a method for producing a sound absorbing element on a wall, characterized by the application, in particular spraying, of an underlayer of cellulose particles mixed with binders and optionally additives, such as fungicides and / or fire retardants; if necessary, allowing the undercoat to solidify; and applying a topcoat to the backsheet by laminating the backsheet to the topsheet, the topsheet having a higher specific gravity than the backsheet.
  • the inventive method is characterized by ease of use and great flexibility and is very well feasible even on uneven ground.
  • the cellulose particles of the underlayer are applied by spraying on the wall or ceiling underside, wherein in one embodiment of the invention, the cellulose particles are mixed before application with an adhesive foam, which also serves as a transport material and provides bond strength among the cellulose particles.
  • the cellulose particles are mixed with water before being applied to the wall.
  • an adhesion-improving primer layer in particular binder layer
  • an adhesion-improving primer layer in particular binder layer
  • acoustic decoupling elements for defining a peripheral edge of the sound-absorbing element and optionally for vibration decoupling between areas of the upper layer to be subdivided.
  • the sound decoupling elements are expediently placed before the application of the underlayer, to which foam tapes are ideally suited.
  • the Schallentkopplungsfugen can also be milled later from the upper class and optionally closed by foam tapes.
  • the puller mounted and guided along the profiles on the subtracted background to remove excess underlayer material. It is preferred to advance the puller by motor. It is further preferred to arrange the guide profiles movable by motor, so that a semi-automatic production of the lower layer by a person is possible.
  • the guide profiles may be mounted in a guide linkage and the guide linkage may be designed to be motor-displaceable.
  • a conveying device has a feed unit for receiving cellulose material, a metering unit for metering the supplied cellulose material and a fan in order to convey the metered cellulose material to a spray head.
  • the metering unit has a screw conveyor for continuously conveying the cellulosic material, and that the fan is connected to the output of the screw conveyor.
  • the screw conveyor ensures a continuous delivery of the cellulose material supplied to it, the conveying screw causing a homogenization of the delivery flow.
  • the additional measure of arranging the fan at the exit of the screw conveyor the cellulosic material is sucked out of the screw conveyor, mixed with fresh air and blown through an outlet to a spray head.
  • a good efficiency of the conveyor device according to the invention is achieved when the fan is designed as a radial fan.
  • the metering unit is to be equipped with at least two shafts provided with paddles, wherein preferably adjacent shafts are rotatable in opposite directions.
  • the dosing unit In order to further improve the homogeneity of the cellulose conveying stream, it is advantageous for the dosing unit to be preceded by a cellulose loosening unit which comprises a large number of paddles arranged on rotatable shafts.
  • FIG. 1 shows a horizontal section through a building exterior wall and a sound-absorbing element according to the invention applied to the inside of the wall
  • FIG. 2 shows an interior view of a building wall with a sound-absorbing element according to the invention applied thereto, which is cut open in layers
  • FIG. 3 shows a cellulose according to the invention
  • Fig. 4 shows the principle of a spray head for use in the manufacture of a sound-absorbing element according to the invention
  • Fig. 5 shows a practical spray head for use in the manufacture of a sound-absorbing element according to the invention
  • Fig. 6 is a diagram Fig. 7 illustrates a peeling apparatus for peeling excess material of the underlayer.
  • the sound-absorbing element 1 has a structure of a lower layer 2 with cellulose as the main constituent and a surface layer 3, which is connected in a planar manner to the lower layer 2, of a material which generally has a higher specific gravity than the lower layer 2.
  • the upper layer 3 is subdivided into two regions 3, 3 separated from one another by a gap 3a '.
  • the gap 3a 'could also be filled with a vibration decoupling element.
  • the cellulose contains a relatively high proportion of waste paper.
  • cellulose binders are added.
  • pulverulent binders which can be activated by water, for example maize starch, can be used as binders.
  • liquid adhesives such as latex adhesive or polyvinylacetate-based adhesive may also be used as the binder become.
  • foam adhesives can be used.
  • the amount of binder addition affects the dynamic stiffness of the underlayer 2, which in turn affects the frequency response of the sound absorbing element.
  • a fungicide such as ammonium phosphate, may be added to the cellulose.
  • flame-retardant additives for example borate-based inorganic fire-retardants.
  • the density of the underlayer 2 of the sound absorbing member 1 is adjusted in addition to the type and amount of binder addition by selecting the average particle size of the cellulose according to a certain grading curve, thus controlling the acoustic properties of the sound absorbing member 1 as well as the quality and mechanical strength of the underlayer 2 are.
  • the grading curve is determined by a set of eight sieves with a diameter of 20 cm and different mesh sizes between 4 and 0.045 mm. It should be noted that the density of the lower layer increases with increasing coarse fraction.
  • the grading curve influences the resonance behavior and thus the frequency-dependent sound absorption behavior of the underlayer 2. Good acoustic properties are exhibited, for example, by a sound-absorbing element in which cellulose having particle sizes in the range of the grading curve shown in FIG.
  • the upper layer 3 of the sound-absorbing element 1 may be formed as a plaster layer, in particular of a mineral plaster.
  • the sound-absorbing element can be treated after its application as an ordinary wall and has excellent absorption capacity for room humidity.
  • the upper layer 3 of building boards such as wood, gypsum or gypsum board to form.
  • FIG. 2 shows an interior view of a building wall 7 made of bricks with a sound-absorbing element 1 according to the invention applied thereon, the element 1 being cut open to show its layer structure.
  • a sound-decoupling member 4 such as a foam tape, is attached, which defines the circumference and the thickness of the sound-absorbing member 1.
  • a primer layer 6 in the simplest case comprises water for moistening the wall 7, but may also contain additional binder.
  • the lower layer 2 of cellulose and binders.
  • prefabricated elements made of cellulose can be attached to the wall. There is a full-surface bond between the wall 7 and the lower layer 2.
  • a bonding layer 5 is applied, on which in turn the upper layer 3 is applied.
  • the bonding layer 5 may be required, for example, if the top layer 3 consists of building boards, such as wood or plasterboard, in order to ensure planar adhesion of the top layer to the bottom layer.
  • an adhesive is first brought over the entire surface of the lower layer 2 as a bonding layer 5, and then the building boards are pressed against the bonding layer 5.
  • the bonding layer 5 can usually be dispensed with, since the plaster adheres well to the cellulose of the underlayer.
  • the plaster mortar is applied by hand or by machine to the lower layer 2 in this case, and then stripped off and the plaster surface is triturated.
  • the acoustic attenuation characteristics of the sound absorbing member 1 are set by round sound passage holes 3b and slit-shaped sound passage holes 3a respectively formed in the upper layer 3 and the width-height ratio of the fields formed by the foam strips.
  • the method for producing the sound-absorbing element 1 on the wall 7 comprises applying the underlayer 2 to the wall 7, wherein the underlayer 2 comprises cellulose particles as a main constituent, which are mixed with binders and optionally additives such as fungicides and / or flame retardants.
  • the lower layer 2 is allowed to air-dry after application and thereby solidify.
  • the upper layer 3 is applied to the lower layer 2 in such a way that a planar connection between the lower layer 2 and the upper layer 3 prevails.
  • the preferred method for applying the underlayer 2 to the wall 7 is a spraying process in which the cellulose is fed to a spray head and sprayed with binding agents under pressure onto the wall.
  • the conventional blowing-in machines have a storage container into which the material to be transported, e.g. Cellulose flakes, introduced and loosened by a stirrer. Below the reservoir is a rotary feeder, which has a number of distributed around the circumference of a wheel cells with a given volume. In the bottom of the storage container an ejection surface is formed, the clear width is adjustable by a slider.
  • the cellulosic flakes fall through the ejection surface into the cell of the rotating cell wheel just below the ejection surface and fill the cell.
  • the cell wheel conveys the cellulose flakes into a stream of compressed air, which transports them further to the spray head. Due to the division of the cellulose flakes into discrete cells, varying amounts of cellulose enter the stream of compressed air, namely when a cell moves into the compressed air stream, initially a few cellulose flakes and then the bulk. Between two cells, the stream of cellulose flakes completely disappears. Thus, in the known blowing in a clocked flow.
  • FIG. 3 shows in perspective a conveyor device 10 according to the invention for conveying cellulose material to a spray head.
  • the conveying device 10 comprises a feed hopper 11 into which ground cellulose pulps, optionally mixed with pulverulent binders, are introduced (arrow A).
  • a loosening unit 12 Under the feed hopper 11 is a loosening unit 12, in which a plurality of arranged on shafts 13 paddles 14 loosen the cellulose material and in the direction of arrow B (in the drawing to the left), where it falls through a bottom opening in a metering unit 15 ( Arrow C).
  • the metering unit 15 comprises two counter-rotating shafts 16, on which paddles (16a) of spring steel are seated, which press the supplied cellulose flakes into the intake of a screw conveyor 18, which continuously conveys the material to a centrifugal fan 19 feeds (arrow D), which sucks the cellulose from the screw conveyor and mixed with air and the resulting cellulose-air mixture further homogenized and discharged at an output port 20 (arrow E).
  • the output port 20 is connectable to a hose, not shown, the other end opens into a spray head.
  • the shafts 16 and the screw conveyor 18 are driven by an electric motor 17.
  • the spray head 21 is double-walled and includes an outer shell 22 which surrounds an inner shell 23 concentrically.
  • the outer shell 22 has two closable by shut-off valves 25, 26 supply lines G, H, can be supplied through the water, binder, liquid additives or foam adhesive in the annular space between the outer shell 22 and inner shell 23.
  • the inner jacket 23 has a plurality of passage openings distributed over the entire lateral surface, so that the liquid materials introduced through the feed lines G, H reach the interior of the inner jacket 23 and can there connect with the axially conveyed cellulose / air mixture E.
  • This mixture F is ejected axially through the spray nozzle 24, where it attaches to the wall 7 as a lower layer 2.
  • a foam adhesive which is of a foam-like consistency
  • water which is mixed with liquid adhesive is supplied through the feed line 25 to wet the cellulose as evenly as possible.
  • the second supply line G further additives can be introduced into the spray head 21.
  • Fig. 5 shows a presently preferred embodiment of a spray head 27 for spraying a cellulose underlayer onto a wall.
  • the spray head 27 is connected to a hose 30, the other end is connectable to a conveyor to promote cellulose to the spray head and eject after previous moistening through the cavity 33.
  • the spray head 27 has a combined internal and external humidification in the form of a center nozzle 32 and arranged annularly on the outside of the spray head Ring nozzles 31.
  • the center nozzle 32 is fed via a shut-off valve 29 water-adhesive mixture.
  • the ring nozzles 31 can be supplied via a shut-off valve 28 water-adhesive mixture.
  • the two shut-off valves 28, 29 are independently controllable, so that the flow rates of the water-adhesive mixture to the center nozzle or to the annular nozzles are separately controlled.
  • peeling strips 42 can be mounted on the substrate, as shown in FIG. Thereafter, the material of the underlayer is applied, as explained above.
  • the excess backsheet material is withdrawn through a puller 40, which preferably includes a rotating roller 41, which is passed to the stripper bars 42.
  • the Abziehelfn 42 remain even after curing of the lower layer 2 in the same and are covered by the upper layer.
  • This embodiment of the method according to the invention is suitable both for producing the underlayer on a ceiling and on a wall surface. Alternatively, at a certain distance to the ground, i.
  • the extractor is mounted in corresponding guide grooves of the guide profiles and guided along the profiles over the substrate to be deducted in order to remove excess underlayer material. It is preferred to advance the puller by motor. It is further preferred to arrange the guide profiles movable by motor, so that a semi-automatic production of the lower layer by a person is possible.
  • the guide profiles may be mounted in a guide linkage and the guide linkage may be designed to be motor-displaceable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
EP05450133.3A 2004-08-04 2005-08-03 Agencement d'un élément d'absorption acoustique sur la face intérieure d'une paroi extérieure d'un bâtiment et son procédé de fabrication Not-in-force EP1624122B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0134004A AT502046B1 (de) 2004-08-04 2004-08-04 Schallabsorbierendes element, verfahren zu seiner herstellung und zellulose-fördereinrichtung

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1624122A2 true EP1624122A2 (fr) 2006-02-08
EP1624122A3 EP1624122A3 (fr) 2006-11-15
EP1624122B1 EP1624122B1 (fr) 2011-10-12
EP1624122B2 EP1624122B2 (fr) 2016-04-20

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ID=35124398

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05450133.3A Not-in-force EP1624122B2 (fr) 2004-08-04 2005-08-03 Agencement d'un élément d'absorption acoustique sur la face intérieure d'une paroi extérieure d'un bâtiment et son procédé de fabrication

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP1624122B2 (fr)
AT (2) AT502046B1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4001244A1 (fr) 2020-11-23 2022-05-25 Knauf Gips KG Amidon en tant qu'apprêt pour substrats

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0811097A1 (fr) 1995-02-24 1997-12-10 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Resonateur a plaques

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US5297363A (en) † 1992-09-28 1994-03-29 Schroder Lowell W Portable surface preparation abrading unit
DE9421273U1 (de) * 1994-02-08 1995-08-03 Lutze, Stephan, 51399 Burscheid Akustik-Absorptionselement
DE29517568U1 (de) * 1995-11-07 1996-01-11 Unger, Bernd, 09117 Chemnitz Dämmplatte aus Lignozellulose
DE19601335C2 (de) * 1996-01-16 1998-03-12 Wolfgang Peltzer Vorrichtung zum Einblasen von teilchenförmigen Dämmstoffen
US6109488A (en) * 1999-08-13 2000-08-29 Western Fibers, Inc. Apparatus for conditioning and dispensing loose fill insulation material
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FR2841580A1 (fr) * 2002-06-28 2004-01-02 Onduline Sa Dispositif d'isolation d'une paroi comprenant des panneaux de doublage et procede de pose desdits panneaux

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0811097A1 (fr) 1995-02-24 1997-12-10 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Resonateur a plaques

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4001244A1 (fr) 2020-11-23 2022-05-25 Knauf Gips KG Amidon en tant qu'apprêt pour substrats
WO2022106047A1 (fr) 2020-11-23 2022-05-27 Knauf Gips Kg Amidon utilisé en tant qu'apprêt pour substrats

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT502046A4 (de) 2007-01-15
EP1624122A3 (fr) 2006-11-15
ATE528451T1 (de) 2011-10-15
AT502046B1 (de) 2007-01-15
EP1624122B2 (fr) 2016-04-20
EP1624122B1 (fr) 2011-10-12

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