EP1618649A2 - Appareil entraine par moteur electrique et destine au travail de la terre, en particulier bineuse - Google Patents

Appareil entraine par moteur electrique et destine au travail de la terre, en particulier bineuse

Info

Publication number
EP1618649A2
EP1618649A2 EP04725273A EP04725273A EP1618649A2 EP 1618649 A2 EP1618649 A2 EP 1618649A2 EP 04725273 A EP04725273 A EP 04725273A EP 04725273 A EP04725273 A EP 04725273A EP 1618649 A2 EP1618649 A2 EP 1618649A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
soil cultivation
phase motor
cultivation device
tillage
soil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP04725273A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Karl Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE20305393U external-priority patent/DE20305393U1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1618649A2 publication Critical patent/EP1618649A2/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16P—SAFETY DEVICES IN GENERAL; SAFETY DEVICES FOR PRESSES
    • F16P3/00—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body
    • F16P3/18—Control arrangements requiring the use of both hands
    • F16P3/20—Control arrangements requiring the use of both hands for electric control systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
    • A01B33/02—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on horizontal shaft transverse to direction of travel
    • A01B33/028—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on horizontal shaft transverse to direction of travel of the walk-behind type
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D69/00—Driving mechanisms or parts thereof for harvesters or mowers
    • A01D69/02—Driving mechanisms or parts thereof for harvesters or mowers electric
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D75/00—Accessories for harvesters or mowers
    • A01D75/18—Safety devices for parts of the machines

Definitions

  • Soil cultivation machine operated by an electric motor, in particular a hoe
  • the present invention relates to an electric motor-operated soil cultivation device for soil cultivation in the field of agriculture and horticulture, in particular a ground hoe, with an asynchronous three-phase motor for driving a rotatable cultivation tool.
  • Motor-driven, hand-held tillage implements which are also known under the term hoe or garden tiller, are now part of the standard equipment of horticultural companies, allotment gardeners and vineyards.
  • Such tillage devices have a rotatable tillage tool that engages the soil for tillage. So far, the rotary tools have been driven primarily by internal combustion engines on the chassis of the tillage implement. However, internal combustion engines generate a high level of noise on the one hand and, on the other hand, cause high pollutant emissions. A high engine speed is also required for tillage with a sufficiently high torque.
  • hand-operated tillage devices for agricultural or horticultural tillage are also known, in which electric motors for driving the tillage Tools are used.
  • DE 42 10 816 AI shows a hand-held device for tillage, which has a three-phase motor as a drive.
  • the tool driven by the three-phase motor can be operated with two different tool widths by removing the outer tool parts. A different torque is required for operation with the smaller tool width than for operation with the larger tool width.
  • the three-phase motor can be used between two
  • Soil cultivation is only achieved with certain soil conditions and the devices are sometimes difficult for the operator to handle.
  • the use of electric motors for generic tillage equipment also requires that the electric motors have a compact design and be inexpensive to implement.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a hand-operated, electromotive-operated soil cultivation device for soil cultivation in the field of agriculture and horticulture, in particular a ground hoe or garden tiller, which causes low pollutant emissions, an effective and enables user-friendly tillage with different soil conditions and can be implemented inexpensively.
  • the present hand-operated, electric-powered soil cultivation device has an asynchronous three-phase motor for driving the rotatable cultivation tool.
  • the soil tillage implement comprises a frequency converter for generating a drive voltage with an adjustable frequency for the three-phase motor, the frequency converter being connected to a manually operated adjusting device for changing the frequency of the drive voltage.
  • the three-phase motor is designed, preferably by suitable dimensioning of the number of poles and number of turns of the stator, in such a way that an approximately constant torque of the three-phase motor is maintained over a wide range of speeds of the three-phase motor that can be set with the adjusting device. This range preferably encompasses a speed range between 20 and over 2000 rpm, in particular up to approximately 6500 rpm.
  • a range of 10 to over 3000 rpm of the three-phase motor is even more advantageous.
  • the guarantee or generation of the approximately constant torque over the wide speed range is realized by suitable adaptation of the number of poles on one side and the number of turns of the stator of the three-phase motor on the other side.
  • Commercially available, low-cost three-phase motors are designed for a specific speed, so that their torque drops sharply on both sides of this speed.
  • the torque can be increased in a low speed range.
  • By lowering the number of turns and thus reducing the inductive resistance in an upper speed range the torque can be increased in this upper speed range.
  • Another possibility of increasing the torque in a low speed range is to increase the number of winding slots on the stator, ie the use of a stator plate with an increased number of slots.
  • known inexpensive and lightweight three-phase motors can be designed as one of the above measures or by a combination of the above measures as a three-phase motor for the present tillage implement.
  • Frequency converter provided frequency and thus the speed of the three-phase motor, preferably a three-phase three-phase motor, the present tillage device can be used variably down to low speeds with almost constant torque. It was recognized that, especially in low speed ranges, very effective tillage is achieved in many cases, especially on hard or stony soils. The ability to strongly reduce the speed without resulting in a sharp drop in torque enables this effective tillage depending on the condition of the soil.
  • the speed is preferably set or changed via a potentiometer which is accessible to the operator, for example on the guide handle or steering handle of the tillage implement. In this way, the operator can easily change the speed, for example by turning the guide handle.
  • the present tillage implement preferably comprises an electromechanical control which enables a reversal of the polarity of the three-phase motor for a reversal of direction.
  • the polarity reversal is triggered by a switching element, which is preferably attached to the guide handle of the device.
  • the electromechanical control system additionally includes a speed limiter to limit the speeds of the three-phase motor during reverse operation. This speed limiter limits the maximum possible speed in reverse mode to less than 50% of the maximum possible speed in forward mode.
  • the electromechanical control is connected to a further switching element and is designed in such a way that the three-phase motor is only supplied with current if the further switching element is kept pressed by an operator against a spring force. If the operator releases this switching element, the power supply is interrupted.
  • the electromechanical control is designed in such a way that both switching elements have to be actuated simultaneously in order to put the device into operation. In this way, unwanted commissioning is avoided.
  • an electrical interlock between the two switching elements is preferably provided, which ensures that a change between forward and reverse modes of operation can only take place by interrupting the electrical operation of the device.
  • the adjusting device for setting the speed is preferably part of the electromechanical control. If this control device is designed as a potentiometer, it is electrically integrated into the control circuit. In one configuration, the control comprises a microprocessor, so that a potentiometer as an adjusting device can be dispensed with.
  • the rotational speed is realized, for example, via the switching element for the forward and reverse switching.
  • the speed can be increased or decreased by pressing this switching element for a longer period.
  • the frequency or speed change is achieved, for example, by feeding in a 0-10 V, 4-20 mA signal at the corresponding input of the frequency converter.
  • the frequency converter is designed such that in addition to the drive voltage for the three-phase motor, it also provides a direct voltage for the operation of the electromechanical control. This makes it possible to dispense with an additional mains transformer and thus brings further weight savings.
  • a particular advantage of the present soil tillage implement is that no additional gears have to be used. Rather, the soil tillage implement can be operated directly via a worm gear with the three-phase motor both in the forward and in the reverse direction.
  • Fig.l is a highly schematic representation of a tillage implement according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically electrical components of the present tillage device
  • Fig. 3 shows an example of an embodiment of the
  • Fig. 4 shows an example of a moment curve
  • FIG. 1 A typical construction of a tillage implement, as can also be implemented in the tillage implement of the present invention, is shown in a highly schematic manner in FIG. 1.
  • the soil tillage implement generally comprises a frame 1 which can be provided with a foldable wheel 2 for transport.
  • a tool 3 engaging, chopping or milling in the ground is rotatably suspended on the frame 1.
  • This tool 3 is driven via the asynchronous three-phase motor 4, which can be connected to the tool 3, for example, via a worm gear.
  • a guide arm 5 is fastened to the frame 1 with a guide hand or steering handle 6, via which an operator can guide the soil tillage implement.
  • Two switching elements 7, 8 and a potentiometer 9 are attached to the guide handle 6. Both switching elements 7, 8 and the potentiometer 9 are connected via electrical lines to the electromechanical control for the three-phase motor 4, which cannot be seen in this figure.
  • this floor processing device In order to distinguish between an intended and an unwanted commissioning, this floor processing device to activate two independent electromechanical switching functions.
  • the switching element 7 designed as a push handle serves as an emergency stop. This switching element 7 must be held in the operating position by hand to operate the soil tillage implement. When this switching element 7 is released, the spring position of the switching element is immediately assumed by a spring force and the power supply between the frequency converter and the three-phase motor 4 is thereby interrupted.
  • the second switching element 8 which is designed in the present example as a button with a rest position (middle position without switching function) and a forward and reverse position, the direction of rotation of the three-phase motor and thus the direction of travel of the tillage implement can be determined.
  • the electromechanical control includes a speed or Driving speed limit up. This measure minimizes the risk of accidents due to more difficult handling of the machine. There is also an electrical interlock between the two for maximum security
  • Switching elements 7 for emergency stop and 8 for the forward-reverse switchover built This ensures that a change of direction is only possible after an interruption in the power supply between the frequency converter and the three-phase motor of the device.
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically essential electrical components of the present tillage device.
  • the motor 4 can be seen, which is fed by a drive voltage provided by the frequency converter 10.
  • the frequency of this drive voltage can be variably set with the potentiometer 9 over a wide frequency range, in the present example between approx. 5 Hz and 120 Hz.
  • the potentiometer 9 belongs to the electromechanical control 11, which controls the operating mode (forward - backward) of the motor 4 via the corresponding switching elements 7, 8 shown in FIG. 1.
  • a commercially available three-phase three-phase three-phase motor that can be operated with 220 V AC voltage was adapted in such a way that it was connected to the
  • Potentiometer 9 adjustable speed range from 10 to 3600 U / min an almost constant torque, ie a torque that is over this range changes less than 10%.
  • the number of turns of this known three-phase motor was reduced from 62 turns to 42 turns in order to provide a sufficiently low inductive resistance even at the maximum operating frequency of 120 Hz
  • the frequency of the drive voltage on this motor was limited to a maximum frequency of 35 Hz with a three-phase current limitation.
  • Soil cultivation device is shown in Figure 3, in which u. a. the reverse speed limiter 12, the potentiometer 9, the emergency stop switching element 7 and the two switching functions of the switching element 8 can be seen.
  • FIG. 4 shows the torque curve of a further motor for operating a tillage implement according to the invention.
  • a commercially available two-pole 0.37 kW three-phase motor that can be operated with 220 V AC voltage was adapted so that it can be adjusted over a speed range of 20 using the potentiometer 9 up to 6800 rpm has an almost constant torque.
  • a laminated core with 24 slots was used instead of the laminated core with 18 slots originally present in the motor and the winding was adjusted. Surprisingly, these measures made it possible to achieve a constant torque over the wide speed range, as can be seen in the figure.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

Appareil entraîné par moteur électrique et destiné au travail de la terre dans le domaine de l'agriculture et du jardinage, en particulier bineuse, qui comporte un moteur triphasé asynchrone (4) destiné à entraîner un outil rotatif (3) de travail de la terre. Ledit appareil comporte un convertisseur de fréquence (10) destiné à produire une tension d'entraînement à fréquence réglable pour le moteur triphasé (4), le convertisseur de fréquence (10) étant connecté à un dispositif de réglage manuel (8, 9) permettant de modifier la fréquence de la tension d'entraînement. Le moteur triphasé est ainsi conçu qu'un couple presque constant du moteur triphasé peut être maintenu sur une plage large, réglable à l'aide du dispositif de réglage (8, 9), du nombre de tours du moteur triphasé (4). L'appareil de travail de la terre selon la présente invention est facile à utiliser et peut fonctionner également dans la plage inférieure du nombre de tours pour un travail efficace de la terre.
EP04725273A 2003-04-03 2004-04-02 Appareil entraine par moteur electrique et destine au travail de la terre, en particulier bineuse Ceased EP1618649A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE20305393U DE20305393U1 (de) 2003-04-03 2003-04-03 Gartenfräse mit einem Frequenz-gesteuerten Antriebsmotor
DE202004001637 2004-02-04
PCT/DE2004/000693 WO2004086848A2 (fr) 2003-04-03 2004-04-02 Appareil entraine par moteur electrique et destine au travail de la terre, en particulier bineuse

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1618649A2 true EP1618649A2 (fr) 2006-01-25

Family

ID=33132873

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04725273A Ceased EP1618649A2 (fr) 2003-04-03 2004-04-02 Appareil entraine par moteur electrique et destine au travail de la terre, en particulier bineuse

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20070000672A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1618649A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE112004001062D2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004086848A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2732687A4 (fr) * 2011-07-12 2015-04-22 Yanmar Co Ltd Machine électrique mobile
AT14794U1 (de) * 2014-12-10 2016-06-15 Think And Vision Gmbh Zweihandbedienung für Trenn- und Schleifmaschinen
RU200556U1 (ru) * 2020-03-23 2020-10-29 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "КРОНОС" Борона-мотыга ротационная с зубчатыми дисками для культивации почвы

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1298743B (de) * 1966-12-27 1969-07-03 Licentia Gmbh Einrichtung zur zeitabhaengigen Vorgabe von Sollwertprogrammen
US3667012A (en) * 1970-07-31 1972-05-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electrical apparatus with frequency controlled load compensation
US3859578A (en) * 1973-01-22 1975-01-07 Mikhail Moiseevich Botvinnik Method and circuit for controlling an asynchronized-synchronous machine
JPS52137612A (en) * 1976-05-12 1977-11-17 Hitachi Ltd Motor
US4207691A (en) * 1978-11-20 1980-06-17 Westinghouse Air Brake Company Four-wheel drive scraper with main propulsion at rear axle
FR2614481B1 (fr) * 1987-02-13 1990-08-31 Pk I Procede de commande d'un moteur asynchrone et entrainement electrique mettant ce procede en application
US4964472A (en) * 1989-03-23 1990-10-23 Marianne Cleworth Weed remover
JPH0368271A (ja) * 1989-08-07 1991-03-25 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd 自動階調変換方法
DE4139337A1 (de) * 1991-11-29 1993-06-03 Traugott Dalheimer Drahtablaufvorrichtung, insbesondere fuer schweissdraehte
DE4210816A1 (de) * 1992-04-01 1993-10-07 Bauer Michael Handgeführtes Gerät zur Bodenbearbeitung
JPH09168271A (ja) * 1995-12-15 1997-06-24 Fujii Seimitsu Kaitenki Seisakusho:Kk 同期モータ及びその制御方法
US6591593B1 (en) * 2000-10-23 2003-07-15 Dennis Brandon Electric riding lawn mower powered by an internal combustion engine and generator system
US6717281B1 (en) * 2000-10-26 2004-04-06 Dennis Brandon Electric generator and motor drive system
US6892517B2 (en) * 2003-02-12 2005-05-17 Tecumseh Products Company Blade and ground speed control system
JP4139251B2 (ja) * 2003-03-17 2008-08-27 本田技研工業株式会社 電動管理機

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO2004086848A3 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2004086848A3 (fr) 2005-02-17
WO2004086848A2 (fr) 2004-10-14
DE112004001062D2 (de) 2006-03-16
US20070000672A1 (en) 2007-01-04

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