EP1614090A2

EP1614090A2 - Image generating process

Info

Publication number: EP1614090A2
Application number: EP04726238A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Gerd Alwin SCHRÖTER
Original assignee: Ideeundtechnik
Current assignee: Ideeundtechnik
Priority date: 2003-04-08
Filing date: 2004-04-07
Publication date: 2006-01-11
Also published as: US20070057089A1; EP1467340A1; WO2004090849A2; WO2004090849A3

Abstract

In a method for generating an image on a land surface by means of an applicator (11), the applicator (11) is first moved on a first place on the land surface and the position of the applicator (11) is determined. Depending on the thus determined position, a marking substance is then applied to the land surface. Finally, the applicator (11) is moved to another place on the land surface. A device for generating an image on a land surface comprises locating means (8.1, 8.2, 9) for locating a position of the device, application means (11) for applying a marking substance to the land surface and control means (9) for automatically controlling the application means (11) depending on the thus determined position.

Description

Method for generating an image

Technical area

The invention relates to a method for generating an image on a land surface by means of a dispenser and to a device for producing an image on a land surface. State of the art

It has long been known in sports stadia gangs, the z. As a playing field for football or ice hockey surrounded to provide logos, logos and pictures, which have promotional character. Often, this advertisement not only reaches the audience in the game, but also broadcasts a broader audience via television broadcasts.

At skiing events and other winter sports events, which are often also broadcast on television, printable bands can be limited. Safety nets on the edge of the slopes are z. B. for technical reasons usually designed so that printing is not possible in a way that advertising messages could be detected from a greater distance. In winter sports areas advertising can therefore often be spread only via conventional, erected signs. However, these often lead to disabilities and can usually be placed only in places that can hardly be viewed. Another option is to put printed tarpaulins on the ground. However, these are also poorly visible and can be attached only in places that are off the track and the auditorium. Large printed tarpaulins are also expensive and must be elaborately anchored against the influence of wind.

Presentation of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide a method belonging to the technical field mentioned above, which improves the attachment and distribution of advertising.

The solution of the problem is defined by the features of claim 1. According to the invention, the image is generated on the land surface by means of the dispenser by first moving the dispenser to a first location on the surface, followed several times by a crimping process comprising the following steps: a) determining a position of the dispenser;

b) applying a marking substance to the land area, depending on the determined position;

c) moving the dispenser to another location on the land area.

Winter sports areas typically have large snow areas. All of these surfaces can be used with the inventive method as advertising space. There is no obstruction of users of the snow surface, z. As skiers, or by spectators of a winter sports event. The image can be produced inexpensively and over a very large area and is resistant to the influence of wind. Removing a once generated image is not necessary: As long as the advertising message is to remain, the process of the invention must be carried out regularly to refresh the image, for. B. once a week. Depending on weather conditions, the interval can be adjusted. If the refreshment is no longer carried out, the picture disappears after a certain time by the weather conditions by itself.

The application of the method is not limited to the generation of advertising messages. It is also possible to generate sponsoring information or location information for the orientation of winter sports enthusiasts or tourists. Also directional information, warning and information signs on ski slopes, cross-country trails, winter hiking trails, etc. can be generated with the inventive method.

The inventive method is also suitable for generating images on other land surfaces such as roads, fields or sandy areas.

Preferably, in the cyclic process, the position of the dispenser which has been determined is stored. The dispensing of the marking substance then takes place depending on the already stored positions. This allows the dispenser to be moved several times to the same location on the land surface without multiple dispensing of the marking substance. Rather, due to the storage of all already covered areas of the land area is known which parts of the image already generated. This prevents unnecessary use of marking substance and also that the substance is distributed unevenly on the surface. Thus, the operator of the dispenser can move it across the area as desired, the only condition for a complete image is that each area of the area has been covered at least once by the dispenser.

Alternatively, the storage of the position data of the already covered areas can be omitted. In this case, it is advantageous if the dispenser can be manually switched on and off by the operator. The operator will then switch off the dispensing device whenever he passes an already covered area again. The dispenser is also in this case with advantage regularly, z. B. along parallel straight tracks, over the land area moves, so that each part of the area is passed as accurately as possible once.

Advantageously, the instantaneous speed of the dispenser with respect to the land area is determined and the output power with which the marking substance is dispensed is adapted to the instantaneous speed. Namely, if the dispenser is moved over the surface at a high speed, a lower density of the marking substance results at a constant dispensing rate than at a lower speed. The adjustment of the amount of substance delivered (or the release rate) leads to a uniform mark with a constant density of the substance.

Alternatively, the speed at which the dispenser is moved across the surface can be fixed, e.g. B. by means of a cruise control for a dispenser supporting vehicle.

Preferably, the image is generated by distorting image data depending on angles between the land area and a given viewing direction. If one looks at an image from a certain angle, which is arranged on a surface, certain distortions arise depending on the angle. In most cases, however, certain preferred viewing positions are given and thereby certain preferred viewing directions. By a corresponding distortion of the aufzusprühenden image results For observers who are approximately along the given direction of observation, an equalized image, ie an image that seems to stand upright, without any shortening in any direction. On the one hand, this creates better readability and / or recognizability of the image, on the other hand, such an image, which appears to be obliquely inclined on the surface, is more conspicuous than one which obviously lies flat on the surface. The distortion can also be used to create certain three-dimensional effects.

Preferred viewing directions result from preferred whereabouts of observers, e.g. B. localities, in winter sports areas z. As well as cable or gondola lifts or other means of transport, ski slopes, inns, etc. For the advertising are particularly interesting in this regard, but also locations of television cameras (eg sports broadcasts), webcams, weather cameras, etc.

If the images are to be clearly visible from widely different directions, or if the observers see almost perpendicular to the surface, distortion is preferred.

Advantageously, the determination of the position by means of a navigation system, in particular GPS or GLONASS, preferably differential GPS (dGPS). Once these are available, future systems, such as. B. Galileo can be used. Such systems allow a quick, accurate and absolute determination of the position and are inexpensive. They do not require local installations to specify a location reference. Once the position data of the image to be generated has been determined, the method can be carried out as often as desired at the same location, the marking substance is always emitted in the same places. This simplifies refreshing a previously created image or recreating the same or different images on the same land area.

Among other things, the application extends to the marking of slope boundaries. By a method according to the invention generated, designed as a continuous lines, boundaries have the advantage over the conventional posts that they show the slope user everywhere the edge of the slope and not only in some sen places marked by posts. The risk of unwittingly leaving the marked runway in the fog is avoided. With the help of the navigation system, the slope limitation can be reliably renewed regularly. The optimum safety when marking the edge of the runway offers a combination of conventional posts with the continuous marked line.

Alternatively, other navigation systems available at the point of use may be used. Also, an orientation with respect to locally arranged reference points, z. As infrared, radio, or microwave transmitter, is suitable for determining the position.

In a preferred variant of the method, the image is generated on a surface of snow. In this case, color, in particular liquid paint, is released onto the surface of snow. Advantageously, liquid food coloring is used as the color. Liquid paint combines best with the snow and is technically the easiest to work with. Food coloring is well suited for coloring snow surfaces and also has the advantage that a health damage to persons or animals or damage to plants is excluded.

Alternatively, other types of liquid dyes or solid colors (pigment particles) may be used.

In another preferred variant of the method, the image is produced on a road surface, wherein a removable color, in particular an alcohol-based paint, is released onto the road surface. The road surface may in particular have an asphalt, tar or concrete surface. In addition to the removability is important when choosing the color used that this does not lead to an increased risk of accidents because z. B. the surface of the printed road area is changed so that the adhesion is greatly reduced. Even when it rains, the adhesion on the printed surface should not be significantly worse than in the rest of the street. An alcohol-based paint offers the benefits of weathering rain and other environmental factors for a while, yet it's easy to remove and environmentally friendly. Compared to paints, which form a continuous layer on the asphalt, a derar- Moreover, color also reduces the surface adhesion to a lesser extent. By suitable additives, such as fine-grained rubber granules, the surface adhesion can even be improved.

Advantageously, the color for forming an image on a road surface contains reflective components. These lead to an improved visibility of the image, even in poor lighting conditions.

In a further variant of the method, the image is generated on a surface of sand, wherein color is released onto the surface. This is especially useful in sports events such as rallies, where ad placement has previously caused similar problems as described above for winter sports events. The image on the surface of sand is automatically extinguished after a certain time by the weather, especially by wind. When choosing the color, make sure that it is environmentally friendly; For example, non-toxic solid color pigments or even the finest grains of sand which have a different color from the substrate can be used.

Preferably, the paint is delivered by means of at least one nozzle on the land surface, d. H. sprayed. Compared with other printing techniques so moving parts can be largely avoided, whereby the maintenance of the dispenser is kept low. The dispenser must also not touch the surface to be printed directly, so that it is not dirty. The spraying also leads to a uniform application of paint, even on uneven surfaces.

The paint can also be dispensed by means of a pressure roller on the land surface. The pressure roller is charged with paint. This is then transferred from the roller to the surface to be printed. This achieves pinpoint printing. The transfer of color to the surface is also controlled, external influences, such. B. by wind, are minimized.

In a further variant of the method according to the invention, the image is produced on a fertile surface, wherein the marking substance comprises plant seeds which are sown by the dispenser on the fertile surface. In this case, differently colored, but at the same time flowering plants can be selectively seeded so that later, during the flowering of the plants, a multi-colored image results. Even plants with different leaf color can be used to create an image, so that the image for a long time or - with certain evergreen plants - can be generated practically permanently. The image may also be produced by giving off plant seeds only in certain "printable" areas of the image Finally, with plants having different flowering times, even images may be produced which change with time by having a first group during flowering a first image of cultivar varieties is visible and a second, different image during the flowering period of a second group of plant varieties.

Preferably, the dispensing device is arranged on a vehicle, wherein the dispensing device is moved with the vehicle over the land surface. With a motorized vehicle, large areas can be left in a short time, so that large-scale images can be produced that are clearly visible far and wide.

Alternatively, a correspondingly compact delivery device can be arranged on a carriage, a carriage or a support frame, which can be moved manually over the surface. The device can also be moved by a gantry crane over the surface to be printed. For generating very large images or images in hard to reach areas, the inventive device can also be attached to a helicopter, with advantage over a rope on a winch, so that the wind generated by the rotor does not interfere with the delivery of the marking substance.

The method of the vehicle over the land area preferably takes place automatically on the basis of the position determinations. The vehicle is thus self-steering. As a result, optimum process efficiency can be achieved by guiding the vehicle exactly where it is still necessary to dispense the marking substance, ie the area to be printed is traveled along as short a path as possible in a correspondingly short time. A The operator may be in the vehicle for control purposes during the course of the procedure, but this may also generate the image unmanned.

Alternatively, the vehicle is controlled in the usual manner by the operator across the surface.

An apparatus for forming an image on a land surface comprises position determining means for determining a position of the apparatus, dispensing means for dispensing a marking substance onto the land surface, and control means for automatically controlling the dispensing means in dependence on the determined position.

The position-determining means preferably comprise a receiver for a navigation system, in particular for GPS or GLONASS, preferably for differential GPS (dGPS). Such receivers are readily available, essentially maintenance-free and inexpensive. Especially when differential GPS is used, they provide very high accuracy in the centimeter range, which allows a high resolution of the image to be sprayed.

Particularly preferably, the position determining means comprise at least two, spaced-apart receivers for the navigation system. In addition to determining the position, this also makes it possible to determine the orientation of the device, without requiring information about previous positions or about travel speeds. Thereby, the control of the dispensing means can be further improved.

Preferably, the control means comprises storage means for storing certain positions and means for automatically controlling the delivery means in dependence on the stored positions.

Advantageously, the apparatus further comprises means for determining a current speed of the apparatus with respect to the land area, the control means comprising means for controlling the dispensing means in dependence on the determined instantaneous speed. The means for determining the instantaneous speed may interact with the receiver for the navigation system or with existing on a vehicle speedometers or be independent of it. The means for controlling the dispensing means may e.g. B. controllable valves or controllable pumps include.

Preferably, the control means comprises means for distorting image data as a function of angles between the land area and a predetermined viewing direction.

Alternatively, the image data may be preceded, e.g. B. on a personal computer (PC), edited and distorted. The feed of the processed data to the control center takes place in a manner known per se, for. B. by means of data carriers such as data cards, CD-ROMs or DVDs, wired via a data cable or wirelessly via GSM, UMTS, WLAN, etc.

Advantageously, the dispensing means comprise a series of juxtaposed, fixedly positioned nozzles for spraying paint onto the land surface. Permanently arranged nozzles offer the advantage that no complex and error-prone mechanism is required for moving the nozzles; in contrast to nozzles, which are moved during the printing process, for example in the manner of an inkjet printer.

Through the nozzle row, an image strip can be generated simultaneously, whose width substantially corresponds to the width of the dispenser.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the dispensing means are connected by feed lines to tanks for a plurality of primary colors, the dispensing means comprising a mixing device upstream of the nozzles for mixing the base color depending on a desired target color. The fact that the color is mixed before spraying, the number of nozzles can be reduced. No halftoning of the image is necessary because printing is done directly with the desired color. The control of image formation and the spraying process is simplified accordingly. In another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the dispensing means for spraying each of a plurality of primary colors comprise a series of juxtaposed nozzles, the rows being arranged one behind the other. As a result, no mixing process must take place in the device and it can be constructed correspondingly simpler. So that mixed colors are still possible in the generated image, either the colors are chosen so that they can be sprayed successively on the same spot and that they mix themselves before drying on the surface to be marked, or the original image is in a conventional manner rasterized for four-color printing. The arrangement of the rows of nozzles in succession allows a good resolution in the transverse direction in a small footprint. When screen printing, a certain offset of the successively arranged rows of nozzles can be advantageous.

Preferably, the device according to the invention can be attached to a vehicle, in particular a snowmobile, a road or all-terrain vehicle or to an agricultural vehicle. With the vehicle, the device is moved over the land area.

Advantageously, the device is replaceable placed on a snow groomer, wherein the dispensing device comprises a pressure device with a transverse extent, which corresponds at least approximately to the transverse extent of the snow groomer. The pressure device can be attached to an existing rear attachment of the snow groomer. Ski vehicles are usually present in winter sports areas, so that no additional, expensive vehicle is needed to carry out the method according to the invention. The operation of such vehicles is also familiar to local employees. Snow groomers have a large width, so that even large images can be produced in a short time with a printing device that covers at least substantially their width. The retrofitting of snow groomers (snow groomers) with special tools, eg. As rollers, blades, etc., is common. Thus, among other things, various rear attachments are available, especially cross-country or snow blowers, caster systems, track devices or slipper boards. The fact that the printing device can be mounted on such an already existing rear mounted attachment has the advantage that the already existing attachment to the snow groomer can be used and does not have to be provided again. The rear attachment can also prepare the snow surface so that a good print substrate is produced.

Alternatively, in particular, smaller images on snow surfaces can also be generated using snowmobiles. These are also commonly available in winter sports areas. Compared to a snow groomer, they are also more flexible in use and simpler, cheaper and faster in use, especially for smaller images.

The device can also be designed so that it does not interact with an existing rear attachment. In this case, it advantageously has means for attaching the device to a snow groomer, which cooperate with conventional fastening devices for special tools (such as rollers, blades, etc.). The means for attaching are thus preferably adapted to these fastening devices, so that the device can be easily retrofitted. Even snowmobiles often have usable fasteners, such. B. towbars on.

Alternatively, the inventive device has its own means by which it can be moved over the snow surface, z. B. rollers, rollers or runners. Depending on the size, it may include an engine to assist. Optionally, the device may be mounted on a carrying device, e.g. B. in the manner of a backpack, be arranged.

Preferably, the two receivers for the navigation system are arranged close to the two ends of the rear of the snow groomer pressure device. This results in a large distance between the receivers, which allows accurate angle measurements and thus precise imaging.

For self-propelled operation, the device advantageously comprises a drive control, which is coupled to the position center and which is designed such that it can control the vehicle automatically, so that the device is automatically moved over the land area. The coupling of the drive control to the vehicle control can done mechanically, z. B. via a hydraulic or pneumatic; but it is also an electrical or electronic coupling possible.

From the following detailed description and the totality of the claims, further advantageous embodiments and feature combinations of the invention result.

Brief description of the drawings

The drawings used to explain the embodiment show:

1 is a schematic representation of a snowcat and a device according to the invention in an oblique view:

Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the snowcat in side view.

Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of the snowcat in plan view;

4 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a spraying device according to the invention in side view;

5 shows a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a spraying device according to the invention in side view;

6A, B show a first arrangement of spray nozzles for a spraying device according to the invention;

7A, B show a second arrangement of spray nozzles for a spray device according to the invention;

8A, B show a third arrangement of spray nozzles for a spraying device according to the invention; Fig. 9 is a schematic representation of the circuit of an inventive

Device;

10A-C is a schematic representation of the inventive method;

1A is a schematic representation of a lettering produced by the method according to the invention, viewed from a predetermined observation position;

Fig. 1 1 B is a schematic representation of the lettering, sprayed on a

Snow surface.

Basically, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals in the figures.

Ways to carry out the invention

Figures 1 to 3 are schematic representations of a snowcat with an inventive device in an oblique view, a side view and a plan view. The snowcat 1 is known per se. It has on its underside each side a bead 2 and 3, respectively, which runs over several rollers 4. At the front end of the snowcat 1, a driver's cab 5 is arranged, in which all operating elements for the snowcat 1 are arranged. On its upper side, the snowcat 1 has a loading area 6. Depending on the use of the snowcat 1, this loading area 6 certain essays such as cabins, hinged rollers, etc. wear.

The inventive device 7 for generating an image on a snow surface comprises two GPS receivers 8.1 and 8.2, a controller 9, a paint tank 10, a spray device 1 1, a line 12 and a pump 13. The two GPS receiver 8.1, 8.2 are arranged at opposite transverse ends on the spray device 1 1. At the front end of the loading area 6, the controller 9 is arranged. This essentially comprises a customary PC (personal computer), which is provided by a housing is protected against cold, wet and vibration. The power supply of the controller 9 via the vehicle battery. The paint tank 10 is mounted centrally on the loading area. It includes four individual tanks for the colors black, yellow, cyan and magenta. The line 12, which has four separate channels, leads from the paint tank 10 first to the pump 13 and from there to the spraying device 1 1.

The spray device 1 1 is mounted on a rear attachment 14 of the snowcat 1. The rear attachment 14 may be a common device such as a cross-country ski or snowthrower, an after-run system, a tracking device or a smoothing board. Such Heckanbaugeräte are usually coupled via a plurality of holding and guiding rods 15, 16 to the snowcat 1. A rotational movement can be transmitted via a rotary shaft 17 and serve, for example, for driving milling discs. The spray device 1 1 is mounted on the rear attachment 14 so that the conveyed from the paint tank 10 color can be discharged by means of nozzles 18 behind the working means 19 of the rear implement 14 on the snow surface. The rear attachment 14 may be selected and prepared to prepare the snow surface for the spray pressure.

FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a spraying device 11 according to the invention in a side view. The spray device 1 1 is surrounded by a housing 20 and comprises at its upper side an inlet 21 for the conduit 12 and an inlet 22 for a control line 23, via which the spraying device 1 1 is controlled. The control line 16 branches at the input 22 in the interior of the housing 20 in a valve control line 23.1 and in a drive control line 23.2. The line 12 for the color is continued within the housing to a color distributor 24. There, the four individual sub-lines of the line 12 for the four primary colors with one of four ink supply tubes 25.1 ... 25.4 are connected. The ink supply tubes 25.1 ... 25.4 extend approximately over the entire width of the spray device 1 1 and are all arranged parallel to the main axis of the spray device 1 1.

At the rear end of the spray device 1 1, a number of nozzles 18 is arranged. Each of the nozzles is assigned to its back a Verwirbelungskammer 26, which with Valves 27 provided connections 28 to each of the four ink supply tubes 25.1 ... 25.4. Within the Verwirbelungskammem 26 a paddle wheel is provided in each case, wherein all paddle wheels are actuated together by a drive 29. For this purpose, 26 jaw clutches are arranged between the individual swirling combs. The nozzles 18 are shown in Figures 6A, B and described in detail below.

The drive 29 for the paddle wheels of the Verwirbelungskammem 26 is controlled by the drive control line 23.2, the valves 27 of the nozzles 18 via the valve control line 23.1. The power supply of the drive 29 is either also via the drive control line 23.2 or mechanically via the rotary shaft 17 of the snowcat 1.

FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of a second spray device 11 'according to the invention in side view. The spraying device is surrounded by a housing 20 'and comprises on its upper side an inlet 21' for the line 12 and an inlet 22 'for the control line 23, with which the spraying device 1 1' is controlled. The control line 23 branches at the input 22 ', inside the housing 20' in a spray head control line 23.1 'and in a drive control line 23.2'.

The line 12 for the color and the spray head control line 23.1 'are guided in the interior of the housing 20 in a channel 30 which is open at the top. In front of the channel 30, a toothed belt 31 is arranged, which is guided over two rollers 32, 33. The roller 32 is driven by a stepping motor 34 which is on the one hand controlled by the drive control line 23.2 'and on the other hand is supplied with energy. By means of the stepping motor 34 and the toothed belt 31, the spray head 35, which is fastened to the toothed belt 31, can be moved longitudinally along the spraying device 11 '. The length of the conduit 12 and the spray head control line 23.1 ', which are guided in the channel 30 and exit through an opening along the underside of the channel 30, is chosen so that the movement of the spray head 35 is not hindered. The spray head 35 has on its underside four nozzle rows 18 ', one each for the colors black, yellow, cyan and magenta. It is mounted on a longitudinal rail 36. The spray device 1 1 thus operates essentially in the manner of a conventional inkjet printer, but it is sized about 5-20 times larger.

FIGS. 6A, B show a first arrangement of spray nozzles for the spray device according to the invention. 6A shows a cross section transverse to the main extent of the spray device 1 1, Figure 6B shows a plan view of a section of the spray device 1 1. In this first arrangement, so-called. Airless nozzles are used, so it is not required compressed air source. The arrangement of the nozzles in the housing 20 corresponds to that which has already been roughly indicated in FIG. The ink supply takes place, as already mentioned, via four ink feed tubes 25.1... 25.4 arranged parallel one above the other for the colors black, magenta, cyan and yellow. Coupled to these tubes are four leads 37.1 ... 37.4. Within the feeds 37.1 ... 37.4 induction valves 27.1 ... 27.4 are provided. These are actuated by a control 38, which in turn is controlled by the valve control line.

Behind the valves open the feeders 37.1 ... 37.4 in the Verwirbelungskammer 26, in which a paddle wheel 39 is rotatably arranged. The paddle wheels in the juxtaposed swirl chambers 26 are all driven by the same drive via an endless dog clutch 40. The color components are determined by the actuation of the induction valves 27.1 ... 27.4. Within the swirling chamber 26, the released amounts of paint are mixed together. The mixed color is then sprayed through a nozzle 18 connected to the swirling chamber 26. The nozzles 18 are designed in such a way that a color spot (or a color strip during the movement of the spraying device 11) of a certain geometrical dimension results on the surface to be printed. The nozzles 18 may be adjustable so that, for example, a changed operating height of the spray device 1 1 can be taken into account. The nozzle heads of the nozzles 18 are easily replaceable. Thus, dirty or defective nozzle heads can be easily replaced or the adaptation of Nozzles to changed operating parameters takes place by the insertion of new, adapted to the new task nozzle heads.

FIGS. 7A, B show a second arrangement of spray nozzles for a spraying device according to the invention. FIG. 7A shows a cross section transverse to the main extension of the spray device 11, FIG. 7B shows a top view of a section of the spray device 11 1. In this second arrangement, compressed air nozzles are used. The ink supply takes place in turn via four parallel ink feed tubes 125.1 ... 125.4 for the colors black, magenta, cyan and yellow, which are housed in the housing 120 of the spray device 1 1 1. Coupled to these tubes are four leads 137.1 ... 137.4. Within the feeders 137.1 ... 137.4 induction valves 127.1 ... 127.4 are provided. These are actuated by a controller 138, which in turn is controlled via the valve control line.

Behind the valves lead the feeders 137.1 ... 137.4 in a common atomizer chamber 141. In this chamber further opens a feed 142 for compressed air. This feed 142 is connected via a plug connection with a compressed air supply pipe 143, which provides compressed air for all nozzles 1 18. The compressed air is supplied as required by the controller 138, takes in the atomizer 141 with the released from the individual induction valves 127.1 ... 127.4 color particles and mixes them. Subsequently, the mixed color is sprayed through a nozzle 1 18. For the nozzle head of the nozzle 1 18 applies the above for the nozzle 18 of the spray device 1 1 said.

Figures 8A, B show a third arrangement of spray nozzles for a spray device according to the invention. Figure 8A shows a cross-section transverse to the main dimension of the spray device 21 1, Figure 8B shows a top view of a section of the spray device 21 1. In this third arrangement separate nozzles for the four primary colors are used. The ink feed is again via four parallel arranged paint supply tubes 225.1 ... 225.4 for the colors black, magenta, cyan and yellow. In contrast to the other spray devices shown, the ink feed tube 225.1 ... 225.4 arranged in this embodiment in the same horizontal plane one behind the other, the Farbzuführungsrohr 225.4 for the yellow color in the direction of travel 44 vorderst and the ink supply tube 225.1 for the black color in the direction of travel 44 are arranged at the rear. Thus, a total of four nozzle rows arranged one behind the other are formed. Coupled to the ink supply tubes 225.1 ... 225.4 are four feeders 237.1 ... 237.4.

At the bottom of the housing 220, a module 245 is held by a clip connection 246. The module comprises four nozzles 218.1 ... 218.4 for the four basic colors, each nozzle being connected to a plug connection 247.1 ... 247.4, to which one of the feeders 237.1 ... 237.4 is coupled. Between each plug connection 247.1 ... 247.4 and the corresponding nozzle 218.1 ... 218.4, an induction valve 227.1 ... 227.4 is likewise arranged on the module 245.

The paint is provided in the ink supply tubes 225.1 ... 225.4 under a certain pressure and thus sprayed through the nozzles 218.1 ... 218.4 as soon as the respective induction valve 227.1 ... 227.4 is released. Because no mixing process has to take place in the spray device 21 1, the pressure provided for the spraying is sufficient. The amount of ink is determined by the degree of opening of the induction valves 227.1 ... 227.4. The colors are sprayed one behind the other onto the surface to be printed, whereby the control of the induction valves 227.1 ... 227.4 takes place in such a way that the time offset between the individual valves is taken into account, ie. H. the second induction valve

227.3 for cyan, for example, according to the driving speed of the spray device 21 1 driven slightly delayed compared to the foremost induction valve

227.4 for the yellow color.

The module 245 can be easily replaced by first a protective hood 248, which forms the lower end of the housing 220, is opened. Then the connectors 247.1 ... 247.4 between the module and the leads 237.1 ... 237.4 are solved, and the control connector for connecting the induction valves 227.1 ... 227.4 with the control 238 separated. Now, the module 245, which the Nozzles 218.1 ... 218.4 and contains and removes control valves for the four basic colors.

FIG. 9 shows a schematic representation of the circuit of a device according to the invention. The spray device 1 1 is controlled by the controller 9 via the control line 23. The controller 9 comprises a computer, essentially a conventional portable personal computer (notebook), which memory means 9.1 for storing the required data, in particular image data and position information, control means 9.2 for controlling the spray device 1 1, in particular a corresponding device driver and processing means 9.3 for processing the position information. This position information is transmitted via data lines 49.1, 49.2 from the two GPS receivers 8.1, 8.2 to the controller 9.

Because both the position of the left GPS receiver 8.1 and that of the right GPS receiver 8.2 are determined, it is possible to determine the orientation of the snowcat in addition to its position. It is therefore known at any time, which area of the spray device 1 1 is just covered.

The controller 9 further includes software 9.4 for controlling the overall process. This runs on a central control unit 9.5 and controls in particular, which parts of the image to be sprayed have already been generated. For this purpose, the corresponding position data obtained by the processing means 9.3 are stored in the storage means 9.1. In the central control unit 9.5 then takes place at each position a comparison with the stored earlier position data, which results in whether the spray device 1 1 must be activated. The central control unit 9.5 also makes the processing of stored in the storage means 9.1 image and position data to control data for the spray device 1 1, which are further transmitted to the control means 9.2.

Finally, in the controller 9 and an interface 9.6 included. This has means for receiving new image data, position data and new software. Such data may be transferred via a storage medium, e.g. As a floppy disk, CD-ROM or DVD can be read in the appropriate drive of the personal computer. Optionally they will wired, z. B. via a USB interface or Ethernet, transmitted to the controller 9, or there are means for wireless reception of data, eg. B. provided via GSM or Bluetooth.

If a reciprocating spray head is provided in the manner of an ink jet printer, its movement is controlled such that, with a continuous movement of the snow groomer, the entire surface driven by the snow groomer is covered by the spray device. For this purpose, the spray head to a certain spray depth, which corresponds to the length of a row of nozzles. During the transverse movement of the spray head in one direction, the nozzles are active and thus generate a slightly oblique, sprayed path due to the forward movement of the snow groomer. The return movement of the spray head, during which is not sprayed, is very fast, so that in this time the snowcat travels only a small distance. The next sprayed web then runs parallel to the first web. In order to avoid empty strips between the sprayed webs, the spraying head speeds as well as the speed of the snow groomer are adjusted to the spraying depth (as well as the current width of the spraying area, which can be smaller than the maximum possible width).

Figures 10A-C are a schematic representation of the inventive method. An image, in the example shown the lettering 50 "SnowStar", is generated in tracks on the snow surface. The track width corresponds substantially to the width of the spray device 1 1, which is arranged at the rear end of the snowcat 1. The path that the snowcat 1 describes on the surface is arbitrary, because as soon as an already processed section is passed again, the controller deactivates the spray device 1 1. Once the spray device 1 1 is moved back into a still unprocessed region, it is re-activated by the controller. Of course, depending on the condition of the snow and the increase in efficiency, it may still be advantageous to choose the path so that each area of the area is passed only once, so that the already sprayed areas remain optimally preserved and are not reworked by the caterpillars. Especially with snow surfaces that are limited at the edge, z. As by trees, rocks or steep slopes, such a way is often not possible. Figure 1 1 A shows a schematic representation of a lettering 50, seen from a predetermined observation position, for. B. a camera location in a sports broadcast. The lettering 50 has been sprayed on a snow surface 51, which is located on a slope 52. The predetermined observation position is located on the left below the snow surface 51 in a direction which encloses an angle of about 35 ° to the normal of the snow surface 51. The lettering appears upright and correctly proportioned from this viewing position (and other observation positions along the viewing direction).

FIG. 11b shows a schematic representation of the lettering 50 sprayed on the snow surface 51 as seen from a position perpendicularly above the snow surface 51, from the same distance as the observation position in FIG. 1A. So that he offers the desired sight from the predetermined observation position, the lettering 50 has been distorted for spraying. Its horizontal axis 53 and its vertical axis 54 enclose an angle, moreover, the lettering along the two axes 53, 54 stretched to compensate for the apparent loss of length, which results from the oblique direction of observation. Thus, the image appears completely out of the predetermined observation direction, from all arising angles, equalized.

The device according to the invention, especially the controller, the paint tank and the spraying device, can be integrated into a single unit, which is preferably arranged at the rear end of the loading surface of the snow groomer. This simplifies the attachment and removal of the device, which is particularly advantageous when the snowcat is incidentally (or mainly) used for its usual tasks, such as slope processing. In this variant, one of the GPS receivers is advantageously also integrated in the unit, while the second one can be attached at a certain distance from it.

With regard to the arrangement of the various parts of the device, other variants are possible. The controller can z. B. are integrated into the cab, so that it is better protected from the weather and requires a less complex housing. Optionally, the device can also be remotely controlled; ie, the main body of the Control, in particular the central control unit, the software, the interface and the storage means are independent of the snowcat, z. B. in a building, arranged and communicate with the inventive device z. B. over radio, GSM or other wireless channel.

The snowcat can also have special means for preparing the snow surface for spraying the paint, z. B. rollers with a certain surface structure, which are arranged in the direction of travel in front of the spraying device. Such rollers level the snow surface and optionally produce a surface texture that is optimally suited for picking up the color or for viewing the final image.

Further, the snowcat may include additional means for reworking the sprayed area. Such means, for. B. different types of rollers, support z. As the incorporation of the sprayed paint in the snow surface, so to speak lead to a fixation of the sprayed paint.

Optionally, the spraying device may also be arranged at another point on the snow groomer, e.g. B. front or side. However, the arrangement behind the caterpillars is preferred because it means that the machined, colored section of the snow surface no longer needs to be traveled by the vehicle.

Finally, the spray device can be built or controlled differently. Instead of a single spraying head which can be moved along the entire width of the vehicle, several moveable spray heads can cover the width of the vehicle. This allows for the same speed of the spray head, a higher speed of the vehicle. Instead of the movable spray head, a transverse nozzle row can be provided, which covers the entire width of the vehicle. Spray systems and methods from the field of inkjet printing, but also from the airbrush technique can be used. The control of the spray device can also be done so that during both transverse movements of the spray head color is discharged. If tracks are to be generated which are exactly transverse to the direction of travel of the vehicle, the spray device may be arranged obliquely, adapted to the speed of the vehicle. Depending on the spray In addition, a smaller or larger number of colors can be used for the picture. For example, for monochrome images or for images with special effects (silver or gold colors, fluorescent colors).

Differently dimensioned, but in principle similar constructed devices are suitable for attachment to other vehicles, eg. B. on snowmobiles, automobiles, SUVs or agricultural vehicles. The inventive device can also be attached via a cable to the winch of a helicopter. In this case, the height above the ground is preferably measured in addition to the length and width coordinates. Accordingly, the sprayed amount of ink or a setting of the nozzles can be influenced.

In summary, it should be noted that the invention provides a method and apparatus for creating an image which enhances the application and distribution of advertising in winter sports areas.

Claims

claims

A method of generating an image (50) on a land surface (51) by means of a dispenser (1 1; 1 1 '; 1 1 1; 21 1), wherein first the dispenser (1 1; 1 1'; 1 1 1, 21 1) is moved to a first location on the surface (51), whereupon a cyclic process is carried out several times, comprising the following steps:

a) determining a position of the dispenser (1 1; 1 1 '; 1 1 1; 21 1);

b) dispensing a marking substance on the land surface (51), depending on the determined position;

c) moving the dispenser (1 1, 1 1 ', 1 1 1, 21 1) to another location on the land surface (51).

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the cycle further comprises the steps of:

d) storing the determined position of the dispenser (1 1; 1 1 '; 111; 21 1),

e) dispensing the marking substance depending on the already stored positions.

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, further comprising the steps of:

f) determining a current speed of the dispenser (1 1; 1 1 '; 1 1 1; 21 1) with respect to the land area (51);

g) adjusting an output power at which the marking substance is delivered to the instantaneous speed.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising the step of: h) generating the image (50) by distorting image data as a function of angles between the land area (51) and a predetermined observation direction.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the determination of the position by means of a navigation system, in particular GPS or GLONASS, preferably differential GPS (dGPS), takes place.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the image (50) on a surface (51) is generated from snow, wherein color, in particular liquid paint, preferably food color, delivered to the surface (51) of snow becomes.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the image is generated on a road surface, wherein a removable color, in particular an alcohol-based paint, is discharged onto the road surface.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the color contains reflective components.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the image is generated on a surface of sand, wherein color is discharged onto the surface.

10. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the color is discharged by means of at least one nozzle on the land surface (51).

1 1. A method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the ink is discharged by means of a pressure roller on the land surface (51).

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the image is produced on a fertile surface, wherein the marking substance comprises plant seeds, which are sown by the dispenser on the fertile surface.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the dispensing device (1 1; 1 1 '; 1 1 1; 21 1) on a vehicle (1) is arranged, and wherein the dispensing device

(1 1, 1 1 1, 21 1) with the vehicle (1) over the land area (51) is moved.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the method of the vehicle (1) over the land area (51) takes place automatically due to the position determinations.

Apparatus for generating an image (50) on a land surface (51), comprising position determining means (8.1, 8.2, 9.3) for determining a position of the apparatus, dispensing means (1 1; 1 1 '; 1 1 1; 21 1) for Dispensing a marking substance on the land surface (51) and control means (9) for automatically controlling the dispensing means (1 1; 1 1 '; 1 1 1; 21 1) depending on the determined position.

16. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that the position determining means comprise a receiver (8.1) for a navigation system, in particular GPS or GLONASS, preferably differential GPS (dGPS).

17. The device according to claim 16, characterized in that the position determining means comprise at least two spaced-apart receiver (8.1, 8.2) for the navigation system.

18. Device according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the control means (9) storage means (9.1) for storing certain positions and means (9.2, 9.4, 9.5) for automatically controlling the dispensing means (1 1; 1 1 '; 1 1 1; 21 1) depending on the stored positions.

19. Device according to one of claims 15 to 18, characterized by means for determining an instantaneous speed of the device with respect to the land surface (51), wherein the control means (9) comprises means for controlling the dispensing means (1 1; 1 1 '; ; 21 1) depending on the determined instantaneous speed.

20. Device according to one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that the control means (9) comprise means for distorting image data as a function of angles between the land area (51) and a predetermined observation direction.

21. Device according to one of claims 15 to 20, characterized in that the dispensing means (1 1; 1 1 1; 21 1) a series of juxtaposed, with respect to the device fixed nozzles (18; 1 18; 218.1 ... 218.4 ) for spraying paint onto the land surface (51).

22. The device according to claim 21, characterized in that the dispensing means (1 1; 1 1 1) are connected by feed lines (12) with tanks (10) for a plurality of primary colors, wherein the dispensing means (1 1; 1 1 1) a the Nozzle upstream mixing device (26;

141) for mixing the primary colors depending on a desired target color.

23. The device according to claim 21, characterized in that the dispensing means (21 1) for spraying each of a plurality of primary colors comprise a series of nozzles (218.1 ... 218.4) fixedly arranged side by side, wherein the rows are arranged one behind the other.

24. Device according to one of claims 15 to 23, characterized in that it is on a vehicle (1), in particular a snowmobile, a road or off-road vehicle or on an agricultural vehicle, attachable to the method of the device over the land area ( 51).

25. Device according to claim 24, characterized in that it is replaceably placed on a snow groomer (1), wherein the dispensing device (1 1; 1 1 '; 1 1 1; 21 1) comprises a pressure device having a transverse extent, which at least approximately corresponds to the transverse extent of the snow groomer (1), wherein the Druckeinrich- device on an existing rear mounted implement (14) of the snow groomer (1) is attachable.

26. Device according to claims 17 and 25, characterized in that the two receivers (8.1, 8.2) are arranged for the navigation system near the two transverse ends of the printing device.

27. Device according to one of claims 25 to 26, characterized by a driving control, which is coupled to the position determining means (8.1, 8.2, 9.3) and which is designed such that it can control the vehicle automatically, so that the device automatically via the Land surface (51) is moved.