EP1610008A1 - Pleuelstange für eine Brennkraftmaschine und Verfahren zur Realisierung eines variablen Verdichtungsverhältnisses - Google Patents
Pleuelstange für eine Brennkraftmaschine und Verfahren zur Realisierung eines variablen Verdichtungsverhältnisses Download PDFInfo
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- EP1610008A1 EP1610008A1 EP04102913A EP04102913A EP1610008A1 EP 1610008 A1 EP1610008 A1 EP 1610008A1 EP 04102913 A EP04102913 A EP 04102913A EP 04102913 A EP04102913 A EP 04102913A EP 1610008 A1 EP1610008 A1 EP 1610008A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- connecting rod
- artificial muscle
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- compression ratio
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/04—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads
- F02B75/045—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads by means of a variable connecting rod length
Definitions
- the invention relates to a connecting rod for an internal combustion engine for implementation a variable compression ratio ⁇ , with its one end with a Piston of the internal combustion engine is pivotally connected and to the coupling of Piston and crankshaft with their other end to the crankshaft Internal combustion engine is pivotally connectable, wherein the connecting rod along a imaginary line L, which connects the two ends of the connecting rod, is changeable in length.
- the invention relates to a method for realizing a variable Compression ratio E in an internal combustion engine using a such connecting rod.
- the connecting rod of an internal combustion engine in the Usually with a small connecting rod eye at one end and a big one Connecting rod provided at its other end, wherein the connecting rod via an in the small connecting rod eye arranged piston pin hinged to the piston connected is. With the large connecting rod eye the connecting rod is on one Crank pin of the crankshaft rotatably mounted.
- the piston serves to transmit the combustion generated by the combustion Gas forces on the crankshaft.
- the gas forces applied to the piston be in this way on the piston pin on the connecting rod and from this transferred to the crankshaft.
- the gas forces push the piston downwards in the direction of the cylinder tube axis, whereby an accelerated movement is imposed on the piston by the gas forces starting from top dead center (TDC).
- the piston which tries to avoid the gas forces with its downward movement, must take with him the pivotally connected connecting rod in this downward movement.
- the piston directs the gas forces acting on it via the piston pin on the connecting rod and tries to accelerate it down.
- UT bottom dead center
- BDC bottom dead center
- the distance traveled by the piston on its way between top dead center (TDC) and bottom dead center (TDC) in the cylinder tube is referred to as piston stroke s.
- V H z ⁇ A K ⁇ S respectively.
- V h is the stroke volume of a cylinder.
- the cylinder volume V Z, OT corresponds to the so-called compression volume V C when the piston is at top dead center (TDC). Consequently, the cylinder volume V Z, UT at the bottom dead center of the piston (UT) results from the sum of the stroke volume V h and the compression volume V C.
- the geometric compression ratio can be further reduced and For example, be limited to ⁇ ⁇ 8 ... 9.
- Figure 1 shows the achievable efficiency potentials by means of a variable compression on the example of a suction motor.
- the internal combustion engine is operated in the partial load range-for example, with 20% of the full load-the efficiency can be increased by adjusting the compression ratio-for example, ⁇ 14-by about 12%.
- this potential decreases steadily, so that when operating the internal combustion engine with 80% of the full load by means of variable compression only efficiency improvements of about 3% can be realized.
- One way to realize a variable compression ratio E is to carry out the connecting rod as a two-piece connecting rod. It includes the Connecting rod an upper connecting rod, which is hinged to the piston, and a lower connecting rod, which is articulated to the crankshaft, wherein the upper connecting rod and The lower connecting rods are also hinged together to access this Way to be pivoted against each other.
- this connecting rod is a connecting rod of the generic type, namely a connecting rod, along an imaginary Line L, which connects the two ends of the connecting rod, in the Length is changeable.
- the imaginary line L runs on the one hand through the Bearing in which the upper connecting rod is rotatably connected to the piston, and on the other hand, through the bearing, in which the lower connecting rod on the crankshaft is recorded.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for Realization of a variable compression ratio E using a Show connecting rod of the generic type.
- the first partial task is solved by a connecting rod for one Internal combustion engine for realizing a variable compression ratio ⁇ , the hinged at one end with a piston of the internal combustion engine is connectable and for coupling the piston and crankshaft with their other End is pivotally connected to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, wherein the Connecting rod along an imaginary line L, which is the two ends of the Connecting rod connecting with each other, is changeable in length, and thereby characterized in that the connecting rod comprises an artificial muscle, the activated by changing its geometric shape, creating a Length change of the connecting rod and thus a variable compression ratio ⁇ is feasible.
- Artificial muscles are actuators, which in their properties of the natural Muscles are similar or reproduced. Characteristic of artificial muscles is In particular, a volume occurring force generation due to atomic or molecular interactions. Often there are artificial muscles - much like natural muscles - made of a soft, soft material.
- the power generation in known artificial muscles can be, for. B. on electrostatic Attractions, on the piezoelectric effect, on one Ultrasonic generation, on a shape memory of materials, on one ion exchange, on a stretch of carbon nanotubes and / or on the Incorporation of hydrogen into metal hydrides.
- artificial muscles can be made of polymers, in particular Polymer gels, of ferroelectric substances, of silicon, of alloys with a shape memory od. Like. Be prepared.
- polymers in particular Polymer gels, of ferroelectric substances, of silicon, of alloys with a shape memory od. Like. Be prepared.
- a detailed description various types of artificial muscles is z.
- EP 0 924 033 A2 the US 2002/0026794 A1, US Pat. No. 6,109,852 and similar patent literature.
- examples of artificial muscles in publications of the relevant research institutes (eg Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research in Stuttgart; Department of Artificial Intelligence of MIT, Massachusetts, USA).
- the connecting rod according to the invention comprises an artificial muscle
- Can work on a mechanical adjustment device, as known from the prior art is known, can be omitted, because an artificial muscle is inherently a Adjustment already immanent.
- the artificial muscle only has to be activated where activation is already possible by means of an electrical signal, as will be explained in more detail below.
- With the mechanical Adjustment eliminates the disadvantages associated with it, in particular is an unwanted increase in the oscillating and rotating masses of the Crank drive avoided.
- the material of which artificial muscles are formed is moreover of a lower specific gravity than conventional materials for production of connecting rods, so that using an artificial muscle trained connecting rod according to the invention is even lighter than a conventional connecting rod. This reduces the oscillating masses of the Crank mechanism and the dynamic mass forces caused by these masses further.
- the first object of the invention is solved, namely a in To provide the length changeable connecting rod, with the after the state known in the art overcome disadvantages, and in particular a has lower weight.
- connection rod in which the artificial Muscle on activation expands and in this way the change in length of the Connecting rod causes.
- This embodiment allows the interpretation of Connecting rod to full load operation i. those using an artificial muscle trained connecting rod has in its deactivated state, which also as Rest position could be designated, a length with which the - in terms of Knock limit - at maximum load maximum permissible compression ratio E is realized. With decreasing load the artificial muscle is activated, whereby the length of the Connecting rod increases and the compression ratio E is increased.
- the connecting rod in which the artificial Muscle contracted on activation and thus the change in length of the Connecting rod causes.
- the connecting rod is doing on the part-load operation d. H. on the usual operating range of an internal combustion engine designed, the Compression ratios of ⁇ ⁇ 14 .. 15 permits. With increasing load the Con- rods are shortened to lower the compression ratio ⁇ and Avoid self-ignition in the fuel-air mixture. For this purpose, the in the Articulated muscle activated so that this contracted and contracts on the connecting rod.
- connection rod in which the artificial Muscle when activated changes its external shape and in this way the Length change of the connecting rod causes.
- This embodiment is still explained in more detail in connection with the description of Figures 3a and 3b.
- the Training a corresponding connecting rod can be made using Shape memory materials take place, for example, when activated by a straight line shape in a curved or kinked shape switch or vice versa and thereby lead to a change in length of the connecting rod.
- the connecting rod in which the artificial Includes muscle carbon nanotubes.
- Such artificial muscle elements are characterized by their high heat resistance up to 1000 ° C, which is why they in an extraordinary way for use in an internal combustion engine, the is exposed to high thermal loads suitable.
- Muscle elements are controlled by electrical energy (see Science from 21.05.1999), which can be done in a simple manner by the on-board battery. at Activation expand carbon nanotubes. From the above Therefore, they are suitable for the design of the connecting rod to full load.
- Carbon nanotubes can be used in paper-like multilayer structures be bundled and allow a considerable curvature of the whole Muscle structure. They are also characterized by a low ratio of Expansion to contraction, which is considered beneficial.
- the artificial muscle comprises at least one polymer gel.
- Artificial muscles on the Base of polymer hydrogels can be controlled by electrical signals and contract upon activation (see Low, L.W., Madou, M.J. "Microactuators towards microvalves for controlled drug delivery ", Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 67 (1-2) (2000) pp. 149-160). Suitable for the reasons mentioned above They are therefore for the design of the connecting rod to full load operation.
- the artificial Muscle comprises at least one shape memory material.
- Shape memory materials per se - so-called shape memory materials or shape memory alloys - have been known for more than fifty years. You own the Ability of their external shape depending on the temperature of the magnetic field strength or from the hydraulic pressure to which they are exposed are to change, or the like.
- shape memory materials are used in the Under the present invention subsumes all materials that have a Have shape memory, in particular the shape memory alloys such as NiTi (Nitinol), Fe-Pt, Cu-Al-Ni, Fe-Pd, Fe-Ni, Cu-Zn-Al, CuAlMn, but also ceramics with Shape memory, such as Ce-TZP ceramic.
- a paper clip formed from an elongated wire may have its own Change shape in the way that the paper clip - into a pot of hot water placed - with increasing temperature and when reaching a so-called Transition temperature T 'transitions to its original shape, ie. the figure of one elongated wire. It changes its outer shape or - with others Words said - their structural configuration.
- connecting rod The formation of a connecting rod according to the invention requires a two-way shape memory material, so that the connecting rod specifically shortens and lengthens can be.
- the artificial Muscle in which the artificial Muscle is electrically controllable.
- it can be the muscle element generated mechanical energy derived from the electrical energy of the signal.
- Electrically controlled artificial muscle elements have the advantage that these with the usual control technology of an internal combustion engine are compatible.
- connection rod in which the artificial Muscle is gradually controlled, in particular two-stage is switchable.
- a Such design of the connecting rod facilitates the control, especially if the artificial muscle according to an on-off circuit works d. H. only from a deactivated state - rest position - into an activated state - Working position - changes and vice versa.
- Complex maps must be with this Embodiment not generated and provided, as for example with infinitely controllable artificial muscle elements or connecting rods is required.
- Connecting rod in which the artificial muscle is infinitely controllable. This allows an efficiency-optimized change d.
- H Adaptation of the Compression ratio E at the respective operating point, whereby the potential full utilization of a variable compression ratio in the partial load range can be, which is only partially possible with a gradual setting.
- the second of the invention underlying subtask is by a method for Realization of a variable compression ratio ⁇ at a Internal combustion engine solved, in which a connecting rod, which with its one end with a piston of the internal combustion engine is pivotally connected and for coupling from the piston and crankshaft with their other end to the crankshaft Internal combustion engine is pivotally connected, is formed in the manner that the Connecting rod along an imaginary line L, which is the two ends of the Connecting rod with each other, is variable in length, the A method characterized in that the connecting rod with an artificial Muscle is provided and by an activation of the artificial muscle one Length change of the connecting rod is caused, whereby the Compression ratio E of the internal combustion engine is changed.
- embodiments of the method in which the artificial one is advantageous are advantageous Muscle is activated in part-load operation of the internal combustion engine in the manner that with decreasing load the compression ratio ⁇ of the internal combustion engine is increased.
- the connecting rod is extended with decreasing load, whereby the Compression ratio ⁇ in the partial load range with the aim of Improvement in efficiency is increased.
- embodiments of the method in which the artificial one is advantageous are advantageous Muscle is activated in such a way that with increasing load the Compression ratio E of the internal combustion engine is reduced.
- the Length of the connecting rod reduced with increasing load and in this way the with increasing load increasing knocking tendency taken into account.
- FIG. 1 has already been explained in more detail in the introduction to the description, which is why this point is not further discussed in the diagram shown in FIG shall be.
- Figure 2a shows schematically in a side view and partially cut a first Embodiment of the connecting rod 3 in the deactivated state, wherein the crank mechanism is shown in top dead center (TDC).
- TDC top dead center
- the connecting rod 3 is at its one end 12 with a small connecting rod eye 8 and equipped at its other end 13 with a large eye 9, wherein the Connecting rod 3 via a arranged in the small connecting rod 8 piston pin 2 is pivotally connected to the piston 7 and with the large connecting rod 9 on a crankshaft journal 4 a Kurbelwellenkröpfung 5 of the crankshaft 6 rotatable is stored.
- the connecting rod 3 has in the deactivated state along an imaginary line L, which connects the two ends 12,13 - ie the small connecting rod 8 and the large connecting rod 9 - the connecting rod 3 with each other, a length I 1 .
- the connecting rod 3 is characterized in that it has a artificial muscle 11 comprises, by activation its geometric shape changed.
- the connecting rod 3 is under Use of carbon nanotubes 11 has been formed in a Section between the small connecting rod eye 8 and the large connecting rod eye 9th are arranged.
- Carbon nanotubes are characterized by their high thermal resilience from what they are for use in one Make internal combustion engine suitable. They can be electrically controlled and expand upon activation, as can be seen in Figure 2b.
- carbon nanotubes 11 are suitable for the design of the connecting rod 3 to full load operation ie the connecting rod 3 formed using carbon nanotubes 11 has a length I 1 in its deactivated state (FIG. 2 a) with which the - with regard to the knock limit - At maximum load maximum permissible compression ratio ⁇ max is realized. With decreasing load, the carbon nanotubes 11 are activated, whereby the length I 2 of the connecting rod 3 increases and the compression ratio E is increased ( Figure 2b).
- Figure 2b shows schematically in a side view and partially cut the in Figure 2a shown first embodiment of the connecting rod 3 in the activated Condition, where the crank mechanism is shown at top dead center (TDC).
- TDC top dead center
- the carbon nanotubes 11 are activated and expanded along the line L, whereby the length I 2 of the connecting rod 3 is now increased. As a result, the compression volume 10 is smaller when activated artificial muscle 11 and the compression ratio E higher.
- Figure 3a shows schematically in a side view and partially in section second embodiment of the connecting rod 3, wherein the connecting rod 3 in the deactivated state and the crank drive is at top dead center (TDC).
- FIG. 3b shows this embodiment shown in Figure 3a in the activated state.
- this second embodiment of the connecting rod 3 has an artificial one Muscle 11, which is formed using shape memory materials has been.
- the artificial muscle 11 and thus also the connecting rod 3 has a banana-shaped shape and thus a length I 1 (FIG. 3a).
- the artificial muscle 11 stretches on activation, which is why the connecting rod 3 in the activated state has an elongated shape of the length I 2 .
- a two-way shape memory material was used, so that the transformation process of the connecting rod 3 is reversible and the connecting rod 3 can be targeted shortened and extended ie can change between their two structural configuration with the different connecting rod lengths I 1 and I 2 .
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- den thermischen Wirkungsgrad ηth eines Saugmotors über der bezogenen
Last für
ein unveränderliches Verdichtungsverhältnis ε einerseits (Kurve A) und für ein
variables Verdichtungsverhältnis ε andererseits (Kurve B), - Fig. 2a
- schematisch in einer Seitenansicht und teilweise geschnitten eine erste Ausführungsform der Pleuelstange im deaktivierten Zustand im OT,
- Fig. 2b
- schematisch in einer Seitenansicht und teilweise geschnitten die in Figur 2a dargestellte Ausführungsform der Pleuelstange im aktivierten Zustand im OT,
- Fig. 3a
- schematisch in einer Seitenansicht und teilweise geschnitten eine zweite Ausführungsform der Pleuelstange im deaktivierten Zustand im OT, und
- Fig. 3b
- schematisch in einer Seitenansicht und teilweise geschnitten die in Figur 3a dargestellte Ausführungsform der Pleuelstange im aktivierten Zustand im OT.
Ausführungsform der Pleuelstange 3 im deaktivierten Zustand, wobei der Kurbeltrieb im oberen Totpunkt (OT) dargestellt ist.
- 1
- Zylinder
- 2
- Kolbenbolzen
- 3
- Pleuelstange
- 4
- Kurbelwellenzapfen
- 5
- Kurbelwellenkröpfung
- 6
- Kurbelwelle
- 7
- Kolben
- 8
- kleines Pleuelauge
- 9
- großes Pleuelauge
- 10
- Kompressionsvolumen VC
- 11
- künstlicher Muskel
- 12
- ein erstes Ende der Pleuelstange
- 13
- ein zweites Ende der Pleuelstange
- 14
- Zylinderrohr
- ε
- Verdichtungsverhältnis
- εmax
- maximal zulässiges Verdichtungsverhältnis
- ηth
- thermischer Wirkungsgrad
- κ
- Isentropenexponent des Arbeitsmediums
- I1
- Länge der Pleuelstange im deaktivierten Zustand
- I2
- Länge der Pleuelstange im aktivierten Zustand
- L
- gedachte Linie durch die beiden Enden der Pleuelstange
- OT
- oberer Totpunkt
- s
- Hub
- UT
- unterer Totpunkt
- VC
- Kompressionsvolumen
- VH
- Hubvolumen der Brennkraftmaschine
- Vh
- Hubvolumen eines Zylinders
- VZ,OT
- Kompressionsvolumen im oberen Totpunkt (OT)
- VZ,U
- Kompressionsvolumen im unteren Totpunkt (UT)
- z
- Anzahl der Zylinder
Claims (25)
- Pleuelstange (3) für eine Brennkraftmaschine zur Realisierung eines variablen Verdichtungsverhältnisses ε, die mit ihrem einen Ende (12) mit einem Kolben (7) der Brennkraftmaschine gelenkig verbindbar ist und zur Koppelung von Kolben (7) und Kurbelwelle (6) mit ihrem anderen Ende (13) mit der Kurbelwelle (6) der Brennkraftmaschine gelenkig verbindbar ist, wobei die Pleuelstange (3) entlang einer gedachten Linie L, welche die beiden Enden (12,13) der Pleuelstange (3) miteinander verbindet, in der Länge veränderbar ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Pleuelstange (3) einen künstlichen Muskel (11) umfaßt, der durch Aktivierung seine geometrische Gestalt verändert, wodurch eine Längenänderung der Pleuelstange (3) und damit ein variables Verdichtungsverhältnis E realisierbar ist. - Pleuelstange (3) nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der künstliche Muskel (11) bei Aktivierung expandiert und auf diese Weise die Längenänderung der Pleuelstange (3) herbeiführt. - Pleuelstange (3) nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der künstliche Muskel (11) bei Aktivierung kontrahiert und auf diese Weise die Längenänderung der Pleuelstange (3) herbeiführt. - Pleuelstange (3) nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der künstliche Muskel (11) bei Aktivierung seine äußere Form ändert und auf diese Weise die Längenänderung der Pleuelstange (3) herbeiführt. - Pleuelstange (3) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der künstliche Muskel (11) Kohlenstoff-Nanoröhrchen umfaßt. - Pleuelstange (3) nach Anspruch 1 oder 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der künstliche Muskel (11) mindestens ein Polymergel umfaßt. - Pleuelstange (3) nach Anspruch 1 oder 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der künstliche Muskel (11) mindestens einen Formgedächtniswerkstoff umfaßt. - Pleuelstange (3) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der künstliche Muskel (11) elektrisch steuerbar ist. - Pleuelstange (3) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der künstliche Muskel (11) stufenweise steuerbar ist. - Pleuelstange (3) nach Anspruch 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der künstliche Muskel (11) zweistufig schaltbar ist. - Pleuelstange (3) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der künstliche Muskel (11) stufenlos steuerbar ist. - Verfahren zur Realisierung eines variablen Verdichtungsverhältnisses ε bei einer Brennkraftmaschine, bei dem eine Pleuelstange (3), die mit ihrem einen Ende (12) mit einem Kolben der Brennkraftmaschine gelenkig verbindbar ist und zur Koppelung von Kolben und Kurbelwelle (6) mit ihrem anderen Ende (13) mit der Kurbelwelle (6) der Brennkraftmaschine gelenkig verbindbar ist, in der Art ausgebildet wird, daß die Pleuelstange (3) entlang einer gedachten Linie L, welche die beiden Enden (12,13) der Pleuelstange (3) miteinander verbindet, in der Länge veränderbar ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Pleuelstange (3) mit einem künstlichen Muskel (11) versehen wird und durch eine Aktivierung des künstlichen Muskels (11) eine Längenänderung der Pleuelstange (3) hervorgerufen wird, wodurch das Verdichtungsverhältnis E der Brennkraftmaschine verändert wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
als künstlicher Muskel (11) ein Element verwendet wird, welches bei Aktivierung expandiert, so daß durch Aktivierung des künstlichen Muskels (11) die Länge der Pleuelstange (3) entlang einer gedachten Linie L vergrößert wird, wodurch ein höheres Verdichtungsverhältnis E der Brennkraftmaschine realisiert wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 12 oder 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der künstliche Muskel (11) im Teillastbetrieb der Brennkraftmaschine in der Art aktiviert wird, daß mit abnehmender Last das Verdichtungsverhältnis E der Brennkraftmaschine erhöht wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
als künstlicher Muskel (11) ein Element verwendet wird, welches bei Aktivierung kontrahiert, so daß durch Aktivierung des künstlichen Muskels (11) die Länge der Pleuelstange (3) entlang einer gedachten Linie L verkleinert wird, wodurch ein niedrigeres Verdichtungsverhältnis E der Brennkraftmaschine realisiert wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 12 oder 15,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der künstliche Muskel (11) in der Art aktiviert wird, daß mit zunehmender Last das Verdichtungsverhältnis E der Brennkraftmaschine verringert wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
als künstlicher Muskel (11) ein Element verwendet wird, welches bei Aktivierung seine äußere Form ändert, so daß durch Aktivierung des künstlichen Muskels (11) die Länge der Pleuelstange (3) entlang einer gedachten Linie L verändert wird, wodurch ein variables Verdichtungsverhältnis ε der Brennkraftmaschine realisiert wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 14,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
als künstlicher Muskel (11) Kohlenstoff-Nanoröhrchen verwendet werden. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, 15 oder 16,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
als künstlicher Muskel (11) ein Polymergel verwendet wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 12 oder 17,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
als künstlicher Muskel (11) ein Formgedächtniswerkstoff verwendet wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 20,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der künstliche Muskel (11) elektrisch aktiviert d.h. gesteuert wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 21,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der künstliche Muskel (11) stufenweise steuerbar ist. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 22,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der künstliche Muskel (11) zweistufig schaltbar ist. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 21,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der künstliche Muskel (11) stufenlos steuerbar ist. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 24,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der künstliche Muskel (11) in der Art gesteuert wird, daß mit abnehmender Last das Verdichtungsverhältnis εder Brennkraftmaschine erhöht wird bzw. mit zunehmender Last das Verdichtungsverhältnis ε der Brennkraftmaschine verringert wird.
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DE200450009965 DE502004009965D1 (de) | 2004-06-23 | 2004-06-23 | Pleuelstange für eine Brennkraftmaschine und Verfahren zur Realisierung eines variablen Verdichtungsverhältnisses |
EP20040102913 EP1610008B1 (de) | 2004-06-23 | 2004-06-23 | Pleuelstange für eine Brennkraftmaschine und Verfahren zur Realisierung eines variablen Verdichtungsverhältnisses |
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EP20040102913 EP1610008B1 (de) | 2004-06-23 | 2004-06-23 | Pleuelstange für eine Brennkraftmaschine und Verfahren zur Realisierung eines variablen Verdichtungsverhältnisses |
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EP1610008A1 true EP1610008A1 (de) | 2005-12-28 |
EP1610008B1 EP1610008B1 (de) | 2009-08-26 |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007040700A1 (de) * | 2007-08-29 | 2009-03-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hubkolben-Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit einstellbarem Verdichtungsverhältnis |
DE102013107127A1 (de) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-08 | Hilite Germany Gmbh | Pleuel für eine zweistufige variable Verdichtung |
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DE10017104A1 (de) * | 2000-04-06 | 2001-10-11 | Univ Ilmenau Tech | Fluidmechanisches Antriebselement |
US6499446B1 (en) * | 2000-10-18 | 2002-12-31 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Variable compression ratio connecting rod locking mechanism I |
DE10211971A1 (de) * | 2002-03-19 | 2003-10-02 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Vorrichtung zur Veränderung eines Verdichtungsverhältnisses einer Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine |
US20030209219A1 (en) * | 2002-05-13 | 2003-11-13 | Klomp Edward Daniel | Engine connecting rod mechanism for cylinder pressure control |
EP1411211A1 (de) * | 2002-10-17 | 2004-04-21 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc., A subsidiary of Ford Motor Company | Ventileinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
-
2004
- 2004-06-23 DE DE200450009965 patent/DE502004009965D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-06-23 EP EP20040102913 patent/EP1610008B1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
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EP0705859A1 (de) * | 1994-09-07 | 1996-04-10 | Tong Yang Nylon Co., Ltd. | Polyesterprepolymer mit Formgedächtniseffekt |
DE10017104A1 (de) * | 2000-04-06 | 2001-10-11 | Univ Ilmenau Tech | Fluidmechanisches Antriebselement |
US6499446B1 (en) * | 2000-10-18 | 2002-12-31 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Variable compression ratio connecting rod locking mechanism I |
DE10211971A1 (de) * | 2002-03-19 | 2003-10-02 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Vorrichtung zur Veränderung eines Verdichtungsverhältnisses einer Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine |
US20030209219A1 (en) * | 2002-05-13 | 2003-11-13 | Klomp Edward Daniel | Engine connecting rod mechanism for cylinder pressure control |
EP1411211A1 (de) * | 2002-10-17 | 2004-04-21 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc., A subsidiary of Ford Motor Company | Ventileinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007040700A1 (de) * | 2007-08-29 | 2009-03-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hubkolben-Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit einstellbarem Verdichtungsverhältnis |
DE102013107127A1 (de) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-08 | Hilite Germany Gmbh | Pleuel für eine zweistufige variable Verdichtung |
US9322331B2 (en) | 2013-07-05 | 2016-04-26 | Hilite Germany Gmbh | Connecting rod for two stage variable compression |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE502004009965D1 (de) | 2009-10-08 |
EP1610008B1 (de) | 2009-08-26 |
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