EP1604086A2

EP1604086A2 - Motor vehicle

Info

Publication number: EP1604086A2
Application number: EP04717025A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Stefan Armbruster; Klaus Gruhn; Daniel Jendritza; Johannes-Theodor Menke; Holger Schiffer
Original assignee: Kiekert AG
Current assignee: Kiekert AG
Priority date: 2003-03-05
Filing date: 2004-03-04
Publication date: 2005-12-14
Also published as: WO2004079137A2; DE112004000815D2; WO2004079137A3

Abstract

The invention relates to a motor vehicle comprising at least one cover (1), such as a door, lid or similar and an opening device. The opening device unlocks the cover (1) and opens the latter at least partially. According to the invention the cover (1) is configured without a handle and comprises an emergency opening device (4, 26, 27) that can be actuated when the cover is unlocked in order to manually open said cover if the opening operation becomes jammed. In addition to the opening device, the cover (1) can comprise an interrogation unit (22, 23, 24), which verifies the authorisation of a user, said unit releasing the opening device to open the cover (1) when a positive verification is made.

Description

motor vehicle

Description :

The invention relates to a motor vehicle with at least one cover such as a door, flap or the like, and with an opening device which unlocks the cover and at least partially opens it. In addition to the opening device, the cover can have an interrogation unit for checking the authorization of an operator, which releases the opening device for opening the cover after a positive check.

Motor vehicles with opening devices for covers of the design described at the outset are known in many different ways. At this point, reference is only made to DE 198 13 025 AI by way of example.

In addition, door or flap handle arrangements for a motor vehicle are addressed in DE 200 07 426 U1, in which the handle is transferred from an inaccessible non-actuation position to a confirmation position. This takes place sensor-controlled when a person approaches.

Finally, an outer handle for a motor vehicle is known from DE 196 30 997 A1, the handle being able to be gripped behind by hand, and the front surface of an associated housing being completely or partially covered by a cover plate on the outside. The cover plate can be pivoted or displaced relative to the housing in such a way that the cover plate covers the handle in the closed position and the cover plate releases the handle in the open position. A motor vehicle in which the interaction between the opening device and the interrogation unit is described is known from EP 1 270 853 A2. As usual, the interrogation unit is used to check the authorization of an operator, for example by having a dialog between a transponder on the operator side and a control unit on the vehicle. This is known, for which purpose the above-mentioned European patent application and DE 101 32 925 AI should be mentioned only by way of example.

In addition, in practice there are so-called handle-less doors or motor vehicle doors or (tail) flaps, that is to say covers which do not have any handles which are specially provided for opening and closing. There is consequently no mechanical or electrical connection of an associated door or flap lock to the outer door skin. Problems can arise with such handleless doors if a compulsory opening device is not able to at least partially open the cover. This is conceivable, for example, in the event that the cover is frozen to the associated seals. In the event of an accident, impairments are not excluded.

Handleless covers are associated with the fundamental advantage that the air resistance is reduced compared to those with an outside door handle and the visual appearance can be represented particularly advantageously. However, problems can arise if, in the event of an accident, unauthorized persons request access to the motor vehicle in question. This is where the invention comes in. The invention is based on the technical problem of further developing a motor vehicle of the design described at the outset so that, with a simple structure, it is possible to open the cover properly at any time, even in an emergency, in particular in the event of an accident.

To solve this technical problem, the invention proposes in a motor vehicle of the generic type that the cover is designed without a handle and has an emergency opening device that can be actuated in its open state for manual opening when the opening process is blocked.

The emergency opening device should therefore be operable at least in the unlocked and opened state of the cover. Of course, this does not rule out that the emergency opening device would not be accessible even when the cover is locked. However, preference will be given to such accessibility in the locked state, if only to avoid attempting to break in.

The unlocked and opened state of the cover can be established, for example, by a wireless question / answer dialog between a person willing to access and the motor vehicle. If the person's access authorization is checked positively, this so-called "keyless entry" process leads to the unlocking of a motor vehicle door lock on the cover. In addition, a switch or (proximity) sensor may then be provided for opening the lock, as is described in detail in DE 102 21 511.

However, it is also possible for the respective cover to be unlocked after the access authorization check described or by operating a switch (cf. DE 198 13 025 AI) is opened by an associated actuating device ensures that the cover is at least partially opened. This partial opening has the result that the cover or door or flap can be gripped behind and opened on at least one edge by one hand.

In the event of an icy door or in the event of an accident, if the cover in question cannot be opened or can only be opened inadequately (“blocked opening process”), the emergency opening device according to the invention now ensures that the cover can be opened manually.

The invention is based on the knowledge that in the case of an icy cover and initiated "keyless entry" process, the cover is in the unlocked state and after a supplementary opening signal, only the issuing process is completely or partially hindered by the external circumstances described. In the event of an accident and consequently a previously driving motor vehicle, it must be assumed that the cover was unlocked anyway. In order to provide additional opening here, a specially labeled sensor may be provided. Its configuration as a proximity sensor in the area or in or on the folding handle or on the emergency opening device is particularly preferred. This ensures that their actuation automatically opens the motor vehicle door lock and thus the cover beforehand.

If this is not the case, the invention proposes to couple the unlocking and opening of the cover or covers to the triggering of a crash sensor which, for example, is also responsible for the actuation of the airbag, the belt tensioning, etc. In any case the cover in front of the emergency opening is in the unlocked and opened state, so that the emergency opening device is only required for manually opening the cover. It is also conceivable here that the emergency opening device, for example in the event of an accident, is automatically extended or at least made accessible in response to the previously mentioned signal from the crash sensor (mostly an acceleration sensor that responds with corresponding delays).

In the simplest case, the emergency opening device is an undercut on a bead, ledge, etc. This undercut or shaping may only - as described - be extended or accessed controlled by the crash sensor. According to a preferred embodiment, however, the emergency opening device has an outwardly pivotable folding handle which is arranged on the edge of the cover. This folding handle may essentially be pivotable outwards with respect to the vertical direction of the vehicle or the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. In both cases, it is ensured that the folding handle in the unlocked and opened state of the cover or the associated motor vehicle door lock represents a freely accessible handle, with the aid of which the blocked door or flap can be opened.

In order to increase the torques acting on the cover as a whole, the folding handle on the cover can cooperate with an extension bar, which can be rotated to one

Motor vehicle body is articulated. This means that the folding handle and the extension web form a composite lever, at one end of which the hand of an opening person engages and the other end is attached to the motor vehicle. Tool body, especially on its B or C pillar, is supported.

In order to avoid damage to the folding handle and to increase stability, the folding handle may also have a folding hinge that limits its pivoting angle. This folding hinge at the free end of the folding handle unfolds as soon as the folding handle is pulled.

So that the folding handle does not disturb the overall visual impression and does not impair the air resistance in any way, it has proven to be advantageous if the folding handle is optically integrated into a cover frame of the cover and / or a strip of the cover. These measures are of particular importance because a handle-free cover not only has improved aesthetics and lower air resistance than an embodiment with a handle, but also simplifies its manufacture. Consequently, the emergency opening facility must also follow these premises.

According to another variant, the emergency opening device may not have a folding handle, but rather a pull handle with traction means, the head of which may be part of a bead, bar, etc. Bowden cables, cables, chains and rods have proven to be a suitable means of traction, as long as they ensure, in connection with the head of the pull handle, that the cover can be operated properly in the event of an emergency opening.

As a further alternative, it is conceivable to equip the emergency opening device with a handle-like undercut with an elastically deformable element for closing the undercut after the end of the actuation. It is it is conceivable that the elastically deformable element only releases the undercut when the cover or its associated motor vehicle door lock is in the unlocked state, in order to avoid attempts to break in, as already stated, as a rule. The opening of the cover is then initiated by the compression of the elastically deformable element, so that the undercut is freely accessible for gripping when the cover is unlocked and opened.

With the other variants, too, one will usually proceed in such a way that the emergency opening device is only released for actuation when the cover or its motor vehicle door lock is unlocked and opened. This can be accomplished using a spring loaded separate locking mechanism. - The elastically deformable element may be a foam part, an airbag or a comparable body that actuates a switch for the opening process.

Finally, the invention proposes that the emergency opening device has a region in the motor vehicle body that can be pressed in in the edge region of the cover, for reaching behind the cover. In this case, neither a folding handle nor a pull handle are required because the area that can be pressed in in the motor vehicle body ultimately defines a temporarily accessible undercut. In this case, too, the push-in area will only be made accessible when the cover is unlocked. Pressing in the area in question may in turn correspond to opening the cover in addition. Alternatively, this area can be pressed in can also be folded out in the manner of a folding handle, an eccentric, etc.

As a result, a motor vehicle with at least one handleless cover is made available, which is characterized by particular functional reliability. For in the event that the usually obligatory unlocking and electrical opening or opening of the cover should be blocked for any reason, the emergency opening device according to the invention is used for manual opening. This emergency opening device fits harmoniously into the overall exterior, without losing the advantages that are otherwise associated with a handle-free cover.

The structurally simple construction of the emergency opening device in the form of a folding handle, a pull handle, a handle-like undercut or a depressible area in the (motor vehicle) arosserie ensures safe operation, while at the same time there is the possibility of transmitting high torques to the cover for opening can. In one variant, this is ensured in particular by the optional extension bar. This is where the main advantages can be seen.

In one embodiment according to the invention, a generic motor vehicle is characterized in that the opening device is or becomes accessible in an emergency situation, regardless of the result of the query. Such an emergency situation usually occurs when the motor vehicle in question has been involved in an accident. In this case, the invention ensures secure access to the interior of the motor vehicle because the at least one cover can be opened without problems. Because regardless of the result of the query, the opening device is accessible in this emergency situation so that, for example, rescue personnel can open the associated cover safely and quickly. For this purpose, the triggering of the previously mentioned crash sensor or generally a sensor device is queried. In principle, the detection of the emergency situation can also be coupled to other driving dynamics sensor devices in addition or as an alternative. This may include, for example, exceeding a predetermined yaw rate or a certain actuation speed of the brake pedal.

Either way, such an existing or immediately fearable emergency situation can be determined from sensed or Derive driving dynamics values of the motor vehicle and within the scope of the invention leads directly to the opening device becoming accessible. It does not matter whether individual or all door locks of the associated cover or covers are unlocked or locked. In the event of a lock, the detection of the emergency situation can be coupled with the fact that the “unlocking” process takes place first and then the (electrical) “opening” is carried out immediately or the opening device is accessible, all of the processes taking place without the operator's authorization check ,

DE 40 02 963 Cl describes the basic possibility of being able to move a handle into a ready position after a crash pulse. However, neither an interrogation unit is used here, nor is the authorization of an operator checked. Accordingly, in the known teaching in an emergency situation it is not necessary to ensure that the the relevant query is switched off or is skipped.

It has proven useful to design the opening device at least in two parts. In fact, the opening device is generally composed of a normal opening unit and an emergency opening device in the form of an emergency opening unit. In principle, however, the normal opening unit and the emergency opening unit can also coincide.

It is conceivable, for example, that in both cases a switching device is used which, in normal operation, allows an operator to open the associated door lock of a cover only after a positive check of his authorization. Only in an emergency situation does this authorization request fail, as it were, rather it is possible to open the door lock immediately with the help of the switching device.

The same applies if the normal opening unit or emergency opening unit is a folding handle that is only swung out or extended after a positive authorization check. Likewise, the combination of the normal opening unit and the emergency opening unit may be designed as a released undercut or a lowered window pane.

This means that in normal operation the relevant undercut is only released after the operator has checked the authorization so that the operator can then operate a concealed handle, for example. But it is also possible that the positive authorization check not only unlocks the door lock, but at the same time (electrically) opens and issues, so that the undercut then released allows the cover to be opened immediately.

In the same way, after a positive authorization check, a lowered window pane may act as a target for the hand of an operator. In emergency operation, the undercut is released or the window pane is lowered without this authorization check. That is, in the opening device described above, the normal opening unit and the emergency opening unit are, as it were, combined in one component.

As a rule, however, two different elements are used here, as described, because the opening device is designed at least in two parts. In this case, too, the normal opening unit and / or the emergency opening unit can be designed as a switching device, flap or folding handle, released undercut or lowered window pane, etc.

It is particularly preferred if the normal opening unit is designed as a switching device, while the emergency opening unit is designed as a recessed grip or accessible folding handle in the cover, which is only released from the flap in an emergency. This flap may additionally have a receiving device of the interrogation unit. In the simplest case, the receiving device is an antenna arrangement which ensures the wireless bidirectional data exchange between the mostly operator-side transponder and the motor vehicle control unit. The normal opening unit and the emergency opening unit can be combined to form the two-part opening device, which is placed in the area of an outer door handle. This means that the two-part opening device in question is regularly located exactly at the location of a cover, where an operator or basically any person would suspect an outside door handle.

In order to make the opening device immediately recognizable, it usually stands out visually from the cover or the motor vehicle door. As a result, the opening device can be found quickly and easily by the rescue personnel even in poor lighting conditions in an emergency.

A locking unit may also be added to the normal opening unit and the emergency opening unit. With the help of this locking unit, an operator is enabled to be able to provide a lock, in particular a central lock, for all the door locks when leaving the motor vehicle. However, it is also possible to work without a locking unit, the distance of an operator outside the transmission / reception area between the transponder and the control unit being evaluated as a locking signal.

However, if such a locking unit is implemented, the normal opening unit, the emergency opening unit and the locking unit can be combined to form a common unit. This unit is in turn advantageously arranged in the area of a cover where an operator suspects an outside door handle and then finds it due to the optical design that differs from the cover. In this context, it has proven itself overall if the normal opening unit, the locking unit and the emergency opening unit, taken together, depict the appearance of an outer door handle with a surface that is flush with the outer skin of the cover. As a result, a handle-less cover is still implemented because the door lock located inside the cover has no mechanical connection to the individual units. At the same time, pollution is minimized, which also applies to air resistance.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of drawings which merely illustrate exemplary embodiments; show it:

Fig. La, 1b, lc sections of a motor vehicle with an emergency opening device according to the invention in the form of a folding handle in one variant and different

views

2a, 2b a modified embodiment according to

Fig. 1,

3a, 3b an emergency opening device in the form of an undercut,

4 an emergency opening device designed as a pull handle,

5a, 5b, 5c an emergency opening device with a handle-like undercut and Fig. 6a, βb, 6c another form of modification with in

Edge area of the cover depressible area in the motor vehicle body in different views.

Fig. 7 shows a front side door of a motor vehicle according to the invention and sections of the area of a suspected outer door handle

Fig. 8 shows the subject of Fig. 7 in a

Detail view with flip handle and

9 shows a section through FIG. 7 along the lines A - A.

In the figures, a motor vehicle is shown in detail, which has a cover 1. This cover 1 is not restrictively a front side door 1. After a positive query of the access authorization of an operator willing to access, a sensor 2 unlocks an associated and merely indicated motor vehicle door lock 3. A sensor or a further sensor 2 'may belong to the sensor 2 , after its actuation the motor vehicle door lock 3 is opened electrically and opens the cover 1, so that the associated side door 1 can be gripped behind and opened laterally by one hand. As an alternative to this, however, it is also possible for a separate door or flap drive to be implemented which, following the procedure described above, opens the cover or side door 1. In this respect, reference is made to DE 198 13 025 AI. The additional sensor 2 'for opening the Cover 1 is arranged according to the embodiment in an emergency opening device 4 to be described in more detail.

Either way, an unspecified opening device is implemented, which unlocks and opens the cover 1 and - as described - at least partially opens. This opening device, which is not shown in detail, may be the motor vehicle door lock 3 already mentioned in connection with the door or flap drive. However, only a so-called electric lock can also be used, which electrically lifts the associated pawl so that the cover 1 is (partially) opened by spring forces (the door rubber seals) which are present anyway.

In the context of the exemplary embodiment, the cover 1 is designed without a handle, ie it does not have a handle that is mechanically or electrically connected to the motor vehicle door lock 3. This means that the opening occurs solely through the opening device and not by pulling a handle that is not available. The handleless cover 1 now also has the emergency opening device 4, which can be actuated at least in its unlocked state, for manual opening when the opening process is blocked. The sensor 2 'integrated in the emergency opening device 4 as a proximity sensor ensures that when the emergency opening device 4 is gripped, the cover 1 or the motor vehicle door lock 3 is not only unlocked but also opened.

In the context of the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. La, lb, lc and 2a, 2b, the emergency opening device 4 has a folding handle 5. This folding handle 5 can be within the scope of Fig. La, lb, lc essentially pivot relative to the vehicle vertical axis direction (Z direction). In contrast, FIGS. 2a, 2b show a variant in which the folding handle 5 is pivoted outward relative to the vehicle longitudinal direction (Y direction). This respective pivoting is usually accomplished against the force of a spring, in that an operator presses the folding handle 5 on one end to fold out with his hand. The release of the folding handle 5 is usually coupled to the unlocking of the motor vehicle door lock 3.

The folding handle 5 is in each case arranged on the edge of the cover 1, specifically in FIGS. 1 a, 1 b, 1 c in the frame of the side door 1, which encloses an associated side window 6. The folding handle 5 is arranged as centrally as possible in comparison to the cover 1 and remote from the pivot point, so that sufficient torques can be generated for opening the cover 1. "Pivot remote" here means the pivot point for cover 1.

The folding handle 5 according to FIGS. 1 a, 1 b, 1 c has an axis of rotation 7 which runs essentially in the vehicle longitudinal (Y) direction and is arranged in the frame of the side door 1. In contrast, the axis of rotation 7 of the folding handle 5 according to FIGS. 2a, 2b extends in the vehicle vertical axis (Z) direction.

1c that the folding handle 5 on the cover 1 is equipped with an extension web 8 which has an axis of rotation 9 in the same direction as the axis of rotation 7, namely in the vehicle longitudinal axis or Y direction. The folding handle 5 has a recess 10 into which the extension web 8 engages with one end. The other end of the extension web 8 is supported on a vehicle body 11. Form thereby Folding handle 5 and extension bar 8 a composite two-armed lever for increasing the torque when opening the cover 1.

In the folding handle 5 according to FIGS. 2a, 2b, a folding hinge 12 which limits the swivel angle is provided. This hinged hinge 12 sits with its two hinge legs 12a, 12b between the free end of the hinged handle 5 and a pivot point 13 on the cover 1. It can be seen that the hinged handle 5 is optically integrated into the cover frame of the cover 1 or a strip 14.

In the variant according to FIGS. 3a, 3b, no folding handle is realized, but is rather placed as an emergency opening device 4 on an existing door bead or comparable undercut on the bar 14 or a comparable bead. In order to avoid tampering with the cover 1 at this point, it is conceivable, as is the case with all the emergency opening devices 4 described, that the emergency opening device 4 is only accessible or extends when the motor vehicle door lock 3 has been unlocked. This may happen after the described "keyless entry" process or after being triggered by a crash sensor. The gripping of the emergency opening device 4 then leads to the opening of the cover 1, so that it can then be configured manually, as desired.

4, the emergency opening device 4 has a pull handle 15 with a pulling means

16. A Bowden cable or a comparable cable is used as the traction device. The pull handle 15 or its head is part of a bead, bar 14 etc. To pull it, the pull handle 15 is removed from the bar 14. pulled, so that the traction means 16 located inside the side door 1 is released against spring force. As a result, a line with a pull handle 15 is available for opening the side door 1.

The variant according to FIGS. 5a, 5b, 5c shows an emergency opening device with a handle-like undercut 17, which is closed by a cover 18. The cover 18 is supported with the aid of an elastically deformable element 19 against the undercut 17 or the motor vehicle body 11. Particularly when the motor vehicle door lock 3 is unlocked, the elastically deformable element 19 releases the undercut 17, so that, according to the illustration according to FIG. 5c, one hand can grip an extension 20 of the cover 1. The deformation of the element 19 actuates a switch or a switching device which opens the motor vehicle door lock 3. As a result, cover 1 can then be manually opened.

Finally, another embodiment is shown in the context of FIGS. 6a, 6b, 6c, in which an area 21 that can be pressed in is realized in the edge region of the cover 1. This push-in area 21 is located between two adjacent frame parts of a front and rear door on the vehicle body 11. The push-in area is part of the B- or C-pillar section of the motor vehicle body 11. After being pushed in, the cover 1 or Side door 1 can be opened by reaching behind. It is also possible for a flap to be opened instead of the region 21 which can be pressed in, which releases a corresponding undercut with the same aim. This is shown in Fig. 6c. In all variants, the proximity sensor or actuation switch 2 ′, which is not specified in more detail, is usually placed in the vicinity of the respective emergency opening device 4. This proximity sensor or actuation switch 2 'provides for the necessary opening of the motor vehicle door lock 3 after the query already described during the "keyless entry" process by the sensor 2.

As soon as the motor vehicle door lock 3 has been unlocked along with the "keyless entry" query, the emergency opening device 4, which may have its own locking mechanism, is also released. Finally, the side door 1 is opened by the opening device or - if there is a blockage - opened with the help of the released emergency opening device 4.

FIGS. 7-9 show a motor vehicle from which a handle-free cover 1 can be seen. As shown, this handle-free cover 1 is the front side door, in particular the driver's door. However, this is not a restriction, because the cover 1 could in principle also be a trunk or tailgate or a sliding door.

Also indicated is a control unit 22 in the interior of the motor vehicle, which, with the aid of a receiving device 23, in the present case an antenna 23, is able to carry out a wireless interrogation of a transponder 24 which is carried by an operator willing to access it. Control unit 22, receiving device 23 and transponder 24 form a query unit 22, 23, 24 which checks the access authorization of the operator. In principle, the interrogation unit 22, 23, 24 could also work in such a way that the transponder 24 is not interrogated, rather, user-specific identification features are recorded and evaluated. This includes, for example, checking the fingerprint, eye iris, etc.

In any case, the query unit 22, 23, 24 is able to check the authorization of the operator willing to access. If this test has been successfully completed, the query unit 22, 23, 24 releases an opening device.

According to the invention, the opening device is constructed in two parts and is composed of a normal opening unit 25 and the emergency opening device 4 in the form of an emergency opening unit 26, 27. The normal opening unit 25 can be a switch or pressure switch, which can preferably be operated in a contactless manner, or else a sensor. With the aid of this normal opening unit or the switching device 25 implemented at this point, the associated door lock, which is not expressly shown, can be opened electrically inside the cover or side door 1. Previously, after a positive authorization check by the operator, the query unit 22, 23, 24 ensured that the door lock was unlocked.

The normal opening unit or switching device 25 may be arranged in the vehicle travel direction in the front area of the opening device, as the illustration shows. The switch provided as the switching device 25 can be formed, for example, with a soft rubber cover and a microswitch arranged behind it. An embodiment is also conceivable that reacts to capacitive changes and has an electrode. A switching device 25 is very particularly preferred is designed as a piezo actuating element, in which case, as with the microswitch with soft rubber pads, at least slight contact with the normal opening unit or switching device 25 is required. On the other hand, a capacitive sensor that can also be used here works without contact.

The emergency opening unit 26, 27 is composed of a covering flap 26 and an undercut or recessed grip 27 closed by the flap 26 in normal operation. This undercut 27 is only released in emergency operation. The normal opening unit 25 and the emergency opening unit 26, 27 are combined to form the opening device, which is placed in the area of a suspected outer door handle. Because such an outer door handle will be assumed in the case of a front side door 1, as shown in the illustration, at the edge below a window pane 28 in the region of the B-pillar there. For this reason, the normal opening unit 25 and the emergency opening unit 26, 27 are combined in this area as an opening device and stand out visually from the outer design of the cover 1 or side door 1.

A locking unit 29 is added to the opening device or the normal opening unit 25 and the emergency opening unit 26, 27. In the context of the exemplary embodiment, this locking unit 29 is a capacitive proximity switch which is designed as an electrode and which is located in the region of the indicated double arrow. After leaving the motor vehicle, this can be ensured by sweeping or approaching the relevant electrode or the locking unit 29 that all door locks have a central locking system.

The locking unit 29 is consequently integrated in the covering flap 26, which also receives the receiving device 23, so that a particularly compact structure is achieved. The normal opening unit 25, the locking unit 29 and the emergency opening unit 26, 27 taken together as a unit 25, 26, 27, 29 represent the appearance of an outside door handle. This virtual outer door handle, as it were, has, in comparison to the outer skin of the cover or side door 1 shown, a surface that is flush with this outer skin. As a result, the air resistance is kept low and dirt is also minimized.

In normal operation, the door lock of the cover 1 is unlocked after a positive authorization query by the operator or a transponder 24 carried by him. This operator can then use the normal opening unit 25 to open the door lock electrically and to open the cover 1.

If, on the other hand, an emergency situation arises, the covering flap 26 can be opened, for example, by any person engaging behind an indentation 30 in an end plate 31 and swiveling out the covering flap 26 to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. It is of course also conceivable to pivot this flap 26 about an axis running in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. The flap 26 is previously released by a crash sensor or a sensor device 33, not shown. It is also possible to make the flap 26 accessible after a positive authorization request. Then the emergency opening unit 26, 27 takes over the function of Normal opening unit 25 or normal opening unit 25 and emergency opening unit 26, 27 form a common unit, as already described at the beginning.

The normal opening unit 25, the flap 26 with the electrode or locking unit 29 located therein and the rear end plate 31 are each designed as plastic components which are separated from one another by essentially vertical dividing lines 32. The undercut 27, which can be seen in particular in FIG. 9, is also designed as a plastic component and has the necessary rigidity for actuation. This applies to both normal and emergency operations.

Instead of manually opening the covering flap 26 by engaging behind the bulge 30, it is equally conceivable and is included in the inventive concept to ensure that the flap 26 is opened automatically. This can be done in normal operation after a positive authorization request and in emergency operation. This means that both normal and emergency operation can be represented with normal opening unit 25 as well as emergency opening unit 26, 27, as has already been described in the introduction.

For this purpose, the procedure is followed in detail so that the normal opening unit or switching device 25 only opens the door lock electrically in normal operation if the authorization query has been positively completed beforehand. This authorization request is skipped only in emergency operation, for example when the crash sensor 33 is triggered, so that a (non-authorized) rescue person can then also electrically open the door lock. It is also possible to work with the emergency opening unit 26, 27. In normal operation, a positive authorization query means that the flap 6 can be opened or opened manually. As a result, the undercut 27 is accessible, so that the cover 1 issued after the positive authorization query can be opened by the operator without any problems. The same case occurs when the crash sensor 33 reports the emergency, again bypassing the upstream authorization query.

In the example shown, however, a distinction is made between the various functions, the normal opening unit 25 opening the door lock in normal operation, while the emergency opening unit 26, 27 is only used in an emergency.

Claims

Claims:

1. Motor vehicle, with at least one cover (1), such as. B. door, flap or the like, and with an opening device that unlocks and at least partially opens the cover (1), characterized in that the cover (1) is designed without a handle and an emergency opening device that can be actuated in its open state for manual operation Opening when the display process is blocked.

2. Motor vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the emergency opening device (4) is designed as an undercut on a bead, strip (14) etc.

3. Motor vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the emergency opening device (4) has an outwardly pivotable folding handle (5) which is arranged on the edge of the cover (1).

4. Motor vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the folding handle (5) on the cover

(1) cooperates with an extension web (8) which is rotatably linked to a motor vehicle body (11).

5. Motor vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the folding handle (5) can be pivoted outward substantially with respect to the vertical direction of the vehicle (Z direction) or with respect to the longitudinal direction (Y direction).

6. Motor vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the folding handle (5) has a folding hinge (12) which limits the swivel angle.

7. Motor vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the folding handle (5) is optically integrated in a cover frame and / or a strip (14).

8. Motor vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the emergency opening device (4) has a pull handle (15) with traction means (16), the head of which is part of a bead, bar (14) etc.

9. Motor vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the emergency opening device (4) has a handle-like undercut (17) with an elastically deformable element (18) for closing after the end of actuation.

10. Motor vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the emergency opening device (4) in the edge region of the cover depressible area (21) for reaching behind the cover (1).

11. Motor vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover (1) in addition to the opening device has a query unit (22, 23, 24) for checking the authorization of an operator, the opening device of the query unit (22, 23, 24) after a positive check for Opening the cover (1) is released and is accessible in an emergency situation - regardless of the result of the removal.

12. Motor vehicle according to claim 11, characterized in that the detection of the emergency situation is coupled to the triggering of a sensor device (33).

13. Motor vehicle according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the opening device is formed at least in two parts with a normal opening unit (25) and emergency opening device (4) in the form of an emergency opening unit (26, 27).

14. Motor vehicle according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the normal opening unit (25) and / or the emergency opening unit (26, 27) as a switching device (25), flap (26), released undercut (27), lowered window pane, etc are trained.

15. Motor vehicle according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the normal opening unit (25) as a switching device (25) and the emergency opening unit (26, 27) as in an emergency by a flap (26) released recessed grip (27) in the cover (1) is formed.

16. Motor vehicle according to claim 15, characterized in that the flap (26) has a receiving device (23) of the interrogation unit (22, 23, 24).

17. Motor vehicle according to one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that the normal opening unit (25) and the emergency opening unit (26, 27) are combined to form the opening device which is placed in the region of a suspected outside door handle.

18. Motor vehicle according to one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that the opening device stands out optically from the cover (1).

19. Motor vehicle according to 'one of claims 11 to 18, characterized in that to the normal opening unit

(25) and the emergency opening unit (26, 27) is joined by a locking unit (29), all of the aforementioned units (25, 26, 27, 29) forming a common unit (25, 26, 27, 29).

20. Motor vehicle according to one of claims 11 to 19, characterized in that the normal opening unit (25), the locking unit (29) and the emergency opening unit (26, 27) taken together the appearance of an outer door handle with in comparison to the outer skin of the cover (1) flush map the final surface.