EP1603750B1 - Printing group of a printing unit, consisting of two printing groups which are placed vertically above each other, in a printing machine and printing unit - Google Patents

Abstract

A printing unit consists of at least two printing groups, which are placed vertically above each other, in a printing machine. Each of the printing groups includes a printing cylinder, an inking unit with at least one inking roller, a dampening unit with several dampening rollers arranged in a line, and a transfer cylinder that cooperates with the printing cylinder. The inking cylinder and the dampening roller, in an operational state in which they are adjacent the printing cylinder, form an obtuse opening angle with the printing cylinder. The rollers of the dampening unit are arranged with at least the first and last rollers in the roller train arranged inside an acute angle depending from the transfer cylinder. A horizontal line extending from the transfer cylinder defines an opening angle of less than 45° with the rollers of the dampening unit. A printing forme is fed to the printing cylinder through an obtuse angle between the dampening roller and the inking roller.

Description

Printing unit of a vertically above each other at least two printing units having printing unit of a printing press and printing unit

The invention relates to a printing unit of a printing unit of a printing machine having vertically at least two printing units and a printing unit according to the preamble of claim 1, 4 or 58.

From DE 100 03 290 A1 an offset rotary printing machine is known, wherein one or more rollers of a forme cylinder associated inking unit are pivotable to provide a maintenance clearance to a same form cylinder associated dampening unit.

By WO 02/081219 A2 a printing unit of a printing machine is known, in which there in an embodiment shown in FIG. 1, an inking roller of an inking unit and a dampening roller of a dampening unit in their employed to a form cylinder operating state in a cross section through their respective centers a Form outgoing from the forme cylinder obtuse opening angle. A cooperating with the forme cylinder transfer cylinder has over the form cylinder a double-sized scope. In an embodiment shown there in FIG. 7, transfer cylinders in an H-printing unit are set in pairs in a horizontal direction against each other, wherein the center of one of the inking rollers forms with the central of this inking roller next arranged dampening roller emanating from the forme cylinder acute opening angle. A printing material is guided in each case in a vertical run between each other employed transfer cylinders. About the way of supplying a printing form to the forme cylinder makes this document no statement.

By US 3,196,788 a printing unit in a U-printing unit of a printing machine with a vertical run of the printing substrate is known, wherein two inking rollers of an inking unit and two dampening rollers of a dampening unit are employed on a forme cylinder of the printing unit, with a central one of the inking rollers the central part of this inking roller next arranged dampening roller forms an outgoing from the forme cylinder obtuse opening angle, within this opening angle access to the forme cylinder is possible. The forme cylinder and the associated transfer cylinder each have an approximately equal diameter. The dampening unit, like the inking unit, has a roller train, each comprising a plurality of rollers, the roller compactors each being arranged essentially in the vertical direction.

The invention has for its object to provide a printing unit of a vertically over each other at least two printing units having printing unit of a printing press and a printing unit.

The object is achieved by the features of claim 1, 4 or 58.

The achievable with the invention advantage consists in particular that a forme cylinder is easily accessible despite relatively small diameter and in each case at least one inking roller employed on it and dampening roller, in particular for a change of a printing plate. A printing form supplied to the forme cylinder can be reliably mounted in spite of a bevelled suspension element formed at its leading end in a channel which is open on the lateral surface of the forme cylinder. Setup work or maintenance on the forme cylinder are thus facilitated. In all of this, the printing unit has a short distance Overall, a small overall height between their vertically consecutive pressure points. The printing unit thus builds in compact height.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Druckform;

Fig. 2

eine vereinfachte Schnittdarstellung einer Haltevorrichtung für eine auf einem Formzylinder zu montierende Druckform;

Fig. 3

eine H-Druckeinheit einer Rotationsdruckmaschine;

Fig. 4

einen Ausschnitt aus der Druckeinheit gemäß der Fig. 3 mit einer an den Formzylinder herangeführten Druckform;

Fig. 5

einen Ausschnitt aus der Druckeinheit gemäß der Fig. 3 mit einer mit einem Einhängeschenkel in eine Öffnung des Formzylinders eingreifenden Druckform;

Fig. 6

einen Ausschnitt aus einer der Fig. 3 ähnlichen Druckeinheit mit einem am Formzylinder angeordneten Andrückelement und einer an den Formzylinder herangeführten Druckform;

Fig. 7

einen Ausschnitt aus einer der Fig. 3 ähnlichen Druckeinheit mit einem am Formzylinder angeordneten Andrückelement und mit einer mit einem Einhängeschenkel in eine Öffnung des Formzylinders eingreifenden Druckform.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a perspective view of a printing form;

Fig. 2

a simplified sectional view of a holding device for a pressure cylinder to be mounted on a forme cylinder;

Fig. 3

an H printing unit of a rotary printing machine;

Fig. 4

a detail of the printing unit according to FIG. 3 with a printing form brought to the forme cylinder;

Fig. 5

a detail of the printing unit of Figure 3 with a engaging with a suspension leg in an opening of the forme printing form.

Fig. 6

a section of a similar to Fig. 3 pressure unit with a pressure element arranged on the forme cylinder and a zoom out approach to the forme cylinder;

Fig. 7

a detail of one of FIG. 3 similar printing unit with a pressure element arranged on the forme cylinder and with a engaging with a suspension leg in an opening of the forme printing form.

As can be seen from Fig. 1, a plate-shaped printing forme 01 has a substantially rectangular surface with a length L and a width B, wherein the length L z. B. values between 400 mm and 900 mm, preferably 470 mm to 630 mm, and the width B is a value of z. B. can assume at least 250 mm. The surface has a support side, which is referred to below bearing surface 02, with which the printing plate 01 rests in the assembled state on a lateral surface 07 of a forme cylinder 06 of a printing press (FIG. 2), wherein the lateral surface 07 in the axial direction of the forme cylinder 06 has a width from Z. B. up to 2300 mm, preferably up to 1600 mm. The back of the support surface 02 is a work surface that is provided with a printed image or at least with a print image is providable. The printing plate 01 has two opposite ends 03; 04 preferably each with angled Einhänbringeln 13; 14, wherein the ends 03; 04 limit the support surface 02 and wherein the suspension legs 13, 14 preferably each extend completely or at least partially across the width B of the printing forme 01. The contact surface 02 of the printing forme 01 is flexible at least along the length L and, when the printing forme 01 is fixed on a lateral surface 07 of the forme cylinder 06, its curvature can be adapted (FIG. 2). In the assembled state of the printing plate 01, the length L of the support surface 02 thus extends in the direction of the circumference of the forme cylinder 06, whereas the width B of the support surface 02 extends in the axial direction of the forme cylinder 06.

As shown in Fig. 2, the Einhängesclienkei 13; 14 of the printing forme 01 z. B. by means of a holding device, for. B. a clamping device, wherein the holding device is preferably arranged in a channel 08, wherein the channel 08 usually extends in the axial direction to the forme cylinder 06. A rectified with the production direction P of the plate cylinder 06 end 03 of the printing plate 01 is referred to as the leading end 03, whereas the opposite end 04 is the trailing end 04 of the printing plate 01. At least the ends 03; 04 of the printing forme 01 with the hanging legs 13 formed thereon; 14 consist of a rigid, z. B. metallic material, eg. B. of an aluminum alloy. Usually amounts the material thickness D of the printing forme 01 (FIG. 1) or the material thickness D at least from the suspension legs 13; 14 a few tenths of a millimeter, z. B. 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm, preferably 0.3 mm. Thus, the printing forme 01 as a whole or at least at their ends 03; 04 made of a dimensionally stable material, so that the ends 03; 04 are permanently deformable by a bend against a material-specific resistance.

At least at one end 03; 04 of the printing forme 01 (FIG. 1), but preferably at both ends 03; 04 are along a bending edge 11; 12 each a folded suspension leg 13; 14 formed, wherein the suspension legs 13; 14 in a narrow, in particular slot-shaped, extending in the axial direction of the forme cylinder 06 opening 09 of the forme cylinder 06 arranged channel 08 (FIG. 2) can be inserted and there fastened preferably by means of a holding device. For example, based on the length L of the non-curved, flat support surface 02 of the uninstalled printing forme 01 at its end 03 a suspension leg 13 at the bending edge 11 by an opening angle α1 or at its end 04 a suspension leg 14 at the bending edge 12 by an opening angle β1 bent (Figure 1), wherein the opening angle α1; β1 usually lie between 30 ° and 140 °. If the opening angle α1 is assigned to the leading end 03 of the printing plate 01, it is preferably executed at an acute angle, in particular it is 45 °. The opening angle β1 at the trailing end 04 of the printing plate 01 is often preferably greater than 80 ° or obtuse-angled, in particular it is 85 ° or 135 °. The bent suspension leg 13 at the leading end 03 has a length I13, which z. B. in the range of 4 mm to 30 mm, in particular between 4 mm and 15 mm. The folded suspension leg 14 at the trailing end 04 has a length I14, the z. B. 4 mm to 30 mm, in particular between 8 mm and 12 mm, which is rather the shorter length dimension is preferred in order to ensure the simplest possible removal of the suspension legs 13, 14 from the opening 09 of the channel 08.

2 shows a simplified sectional view of a forme cylinder 06 with a lateral surface 07 and a channel 08, which has a narrow, slot-shaped opening 09 with a slot width S to the lateral surface 07, wherein the slot width S is preferably less than 5 mm and in particular Range from 1 mm to 3 mm. The opening 09 has a front edge 16 and a rear edge 17 in the production direction P of the forme cylinder 06. Between the extending from the front edge 16 to the channel 08 toward wall 18 and an imaginary, resting on the lateral surface 07 of the forme cylinder 06 on the opening 09 tangent T06 an acute opening angle α2 is formed, which is between 30 ° and 50 °, preferably , The folded suspension leg 13 at the leading end 03 of the printing plate 01 is thus preferably positively clamped at this front edge 16 of the opening 09, because the opening angle α1 at the leading end 03 of the printing plate 01 is preferably adapted to the opening angle α2. The same applies to the trailing end 04 of the printing forme 01. Between the wall 19 extending from the rear edge 17 to the channel 08 and an imaginary tangent T06 resting on the lateral surface 07 of the forme cylinder 06 on the opening 09 is a Aperture angle β2 formed, which is either between 80 ° and 95 °, preferably 90 °, or between 120 ° and 150 °, preferably 135 °. The folded suspension leg 14 at the trailing end 04 of the printing plate 01 is thus preferably positively clamped at this rear edge 17 of the opening 09, because the Öffnungswinlcel β1 at the trailing end 04 of the printing plate 01 is at least approximately adapted to the opening angle β2.

In the channel 08 are z. B. at least one preferably pivotally mounted holding means 21 and a preferably biased spring element 22 is arranged, wherein the spring element 22, the holding means 21 z. B. against the folded suspension leg 14 at the trailing end 04 presses, which is hooked to the opening 09 at its rear edge 17, whereby the suspension leg 14 at the trailing end 04 at the extending from the rear edge 17 to the channel 08 extending wall 19 becomes.

To release the pressure exerted by the holding means 21 pressing an adjusting means 23 is provided in the channel 08, which pivots the holding means 21 against the force of the spring element 22 during its actuation. The holding device therefore consists essentially of the holding means 21, the spring element 22 and the adjusting means 23rd

The forme cylinder 06 described by way of example can be such that a plurality of preferably similar printing plates 01 can be arranged on its lateral surface 07. The forme cylinder 06 can in its axial direction side by side z. B. with up to six, preferably be assigned to two or four plate-shaped printing plates 01. It can also be provided that more than one printing plate 01 can be attached to the forme cylinder 06 in the direction of its circumference. So z. B. two axially extending to the forme 06 channels 08 may be provided with associated openings 09, which are arranged offset by 180 ° to each other on the circumference of the forme cylinder 06. In this assignment of the forme cylinder 06 with two along its circumference successively arranged printing plates 01, the leading end 03 of a printing forme 01 is fixed in the one channel 08, whereas the trailing end 04 of the same printing forme 01 is fixed in the other channel 08. For the one or the other arranged on this forme 06 printing plates 01 applies accordingly. Also, in the axial direction of the forme cylinder 06 juxtaposed printing plates 01 can be arranged offset from each other, for. B. individually or in groups, each by half a length L of the printing plate 01, which, however, requires that more channels 08 with associated openings 09 or at least with portions of the same are introduced into the forme cylinder 06 along the circumference of the forme cylinder 06 to the two aforementioned Channels 08 and openings 09 z. B. are arranged offset by 90 °.

Without limiting the invention, the description using the example of a z. B. for the newspaper printing suitable rotary printing machine with at least one printing unit for the 2/2-pressure with four printing units continued, with both sides of a vertically through the Printing unit guided substrate 31 are arranged vertically one above the other two printing units. Each printing unit has in each case a single-sized forme cylinder 06 and a double-size transfer cylinder 26, ie, the diameter and the circumference of the forme cylinder 06 are each at least approximately half as large as that of the associated transfer cylinder 26. The forme cylinder 06 and transfer cylinder 26 belonging to the same printing unit are preferably formed identical in each of the four printing units. Since the printing unit preferably operates in an offset printing process, the transfer cylinder 26 is designed in particular as a blanket cylinder 26. Such trained for the 2/2 pressure printing units are often stacked in practice often to a four-high tower and used for a 4/4 printing, especially a multi-color printing. The printing unit is preferably designed as an H-printing unit, but it can also be designed as a satellite printing unit with a common for all printing units of this printing unit, another cylinder, ie a common impression cylinder. However, the printing unit operates - as shown in FIGS. 3 to 7 - preferably in the rubber-rubber printing process, ie the transfer cylinder 26 of two adjacent printing units, between which the substrate 31 is guided against each other. In any case, a distance A26 between pressure points, ie the contact points between one of the transfer cylinder 26 and the substrate 31, of two successive, vertically superimposed in the printing unit printing units as short as possible, said distance A26 z. B. corresponds to the measure that the centers M26 of the transfer cylinder 26 of these vertically stacked printing units are removed from each other. For example, the distance A26 is between 105% and 150% of the diameter D26 of the transfer cylinder 26, preferably between 120% and 130%, in particular 125%.

The form cylinders 06 are each a mehrwalziges, z. B. as a film inking unit 27 formed inking unit 27 with a color box 28 and a dampening unit 29, z. As a Sprühfeuchtwerk 29 with a spray nozzle bar 24, associated with the dampening unit 29 consists of a compactor with a plurality of juxtaposed rollers 34, 37, 38 and preferably dreiwalzig, but alternatively also vierwalzig is formed. In each printing unit of the printing unit, the dampening unit 29, the inking unit 27 and the transfer cylinder 26 are preferably each grouped around the forme cylinder 06, that the forme 06 in the printing process during its rotation first dampening solution from the dampening unit 29 and then receives ink from the inking unit 27 and then the Color transfers to the transfer cylinder 26. Therefore, in the example shown in FIG. 3 of a printing unit due to the direction of passage of the printing material 31 by the printing unit of the compactor of the dampening unit 29 in the lower unit in the printing units in the printing unit inside, ie on the substrate 31 facing side of the respective forme cylinder 06, whereas the compactor of the dampening unit 29 is arranged in the outside in the printing unit in the upper printing units in the printing unit, ie on the side remote from the printing substrate 31 side of the respective forme cylinder 06.

Although a printing unit with the shortest possible distance A26 between their successive pressure points advantageously has a total low H, which is often desired in practice, but due to the small space between the vertically stacked printing units, especially in the vertically upper printing units problems arise in the arrangement of the external dampening unit 29 when a good accessibility to the respective forme cylinder 06 is to remain and at the same time the forme cylinder 06 has only a small diameter D06 (Fig. 3 and 4). To claim the to be forme cylinder 06 applicator rollers 32; 33; 34 of the dampening unit 29 and the inking unit 27, the diameter D33; D34 each z. B. at least 50%, preferably between 60% and 70% of the diameter D06 of the forme cylinder 06, and cooperating with the forme cylinder 06 double-size transfer cylinder 26 already a large part of the relatively small circumference of the simple-sized forme cylinder 06, so for a supply of a printing plate 01 to the forme 06 only very little Free space remains. The problem is exacerbated by the fact that the printing plate 01 has folded suspension legs 13, 14, which are not in any, but only in very specific angular positions of the introduced into the forme 06 openings 09 reliably inserted into these openings 09 and fastened there.

Fig. 3 shows for further further explanation by way of example a dashed framed H-printing unit with four printing units and the total vertical height H, with a on the in Fig. 3 top right illustrated forme cylinder 06 to be mounted printing forme 01 at their ends 03; 04 folded Einhänbringeln 13; 14 is brought from the right in the drawing coming to the forme cylinder 06. The printing substrate 31, preferably a material web 31, in particular a paper web 31, is guided vertically through the printing unit between adjacent transfer cylinders 26 in the example shown. The printing unit is constructed on both sides of the path taken by the printing substrate 31 by the printing unit substantially in the same way and thus symmetrically, which is why a detailed description of the left half in the drawing is unnecessary due to this design uniformity. Direction of rotation arrows indicate in FIG. 3 the production direction P of the forme cylinder 06 and the direction of rotation of the transfer cylinder 26. The forme cylinder 06 may have a right-handed or left-handed production direction P.

In a printing unit with a forme cylinder 06 with a relatively small diameter D06 Bon z. B. below 200 mm, the z. B. for set-up, especially for a change of the printing forme 01 necessary accessibility to the lateral surface 07 of the forme cylinder 06 by employees working on the forme 06 inking rollers 32; 33 of the inking unit 27 and at least one dampening roller 34 of the dampening unit 29 considerably restricted, which is why in particular in the printing unit upper printing units, ie above a printing unit about half its height H horizontal continuous auxiliary line arranged printing units, for a better operation of the respective Form cylinder 06 to him employed inking rollers 32; 33 and the dampening form roller 34 are arranged spaced from one another in such a way that the inking roller 33 and dampening roller 34, which have the smallest distance from each other in the production direction P of the forme cylinder 06 and are located farthest from the transfer cylinder 26, at least in its to the lateral surface 07 of Form cylinder 06 employed operating state in a cross section, such. B. shown in Figures 3 to 7, with their formed with the forme cylinder 06 respective central Z1. Z2 form up to 180 °, preferably blunt, emanating from a center M06 of the forme cylinder 06 opening angle γ, said opening angle γ preferably has a value in the range of z. B. 110 ° to 150 °. As a center Z1; Z2 is the straight line that passes through the centers of two circles, here specifically through the center M06 of the circular cross-sectional area of the forme 06 and the center M33 of the inking roller 33 or the center M34 of the dampening roller 34. At these pressure points, the inking unit 27 is preferably with all its rollers above a through the center M06 of the forme cylinder 06 extending horizontal H06, whereas the dampening unit 29 preferably with all its rollers 34; 37; 38 is arranged below this horizontal H06.

4 and 5 each show a section of the printing unit according to FIG. 3.

In FIGS. 3 to 5, by way of example, a printing forme 01 is shown, which has at its leading end 03 a suspension leg 13 angled at 45 ° and at its trailing end 04 a suspension leg 14 angled at 135 °. Accordingly, the walls 18; 19, which extend at the front in the production direction P of the forme cylinder 16 and its opposite rear edge 17 of the opening 09 into the interior of the forme cylinder 06, designed such that a positive engagement of the suspension legs 13; 14 on these walls 18, 19 is possible. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the printing forme 01 with its leading End 03 within a through the Z1; Z2 limited blunt opening angle γ brought to the forme cylinder 06. The printing forme 01, which is formed flexible, can be bent along its length L, if this is the intervention z. B. their Einhänlegeels 13 facilitates at its leading end 03.

In a first operating position B13 of the forme cylinder 06, which can be occupied by the forme cylinder 06 through its corresponding rotation, the suspension leg 13 engages the leading end 03 of the printing forme 01 with the opening 09 (FIG. 5), so that the suspension leg 13 abuts which applies from the front edge 16 extending wall 18. In another, i. d. R. of the first operating position B13 different second operating position B14 of the forme cylinder 06, which in turn is taken by the corresponding rotation, also enters the suspension leg 14 at the trailing end 04 of the printing plate 01 with the opening 09 into engagement, so that the suspension leg 14 at the extending from the rear edge 17 extending wall 19 and thus both suspension legs 13; 14 are located in the opening 09 (not shown). At the time of the second operating position B14 of the forme cylinder 06, the printing forme 01 is already for the most part, preferably for more than two thirds of its length L, in particular about 80%, mounted on the lateral surface 07 of the forme cylinder 06. Both operating positions B13; B14 are located within a circular cut-out spanned by the opening angle γ and related to the lateral surface 07 of the forme cylinder 06, and are subsequently specified more precisely with regard to their respective position.

In one embodiment of the printing forme 01 with a stubby angled at its trailing end 04 suspension legs 14 and a correspondingly shaped forme cylinder 06 are the operating positions B13; B14 of the forme cylinder 06 is preferably selected such that the respective suspension leg 13; 14 of the printing forme 01 as easy as possible by an operator by hand in the opening 09 is inserted. A favorable first operating position B13 of the forme cylinder 06 results z. B. then, if this is chosen so that the engagement of Einhänlegeels 13 of the printing forme 01 in the opening 09 then takes place when a lying within the opening angle γ opening angle δ is less than 90 °, wherein the opening angle & by a radial beam R1, the center of the M06 of Form cylinder 06 with the front in the production direction P of the forme cylinder 06 edge 16 of the opening 09 connects, and that central Z1 is limited, which is closest in the production direction P of the forme cylinder 06 of the radial beam R1. It is advantageous to choose the opening angle δ such that it has a value in the range between 20 ° and 35 °, preferably less than 30 °.

If the suspension leg 14 of the printing forme 01 must be introduced by an operator by hand in the opening 09, it is recommended that the second operating position B14 of the forme cylinder 06 to be selected so that the engagement of Einhängurtels 14 at the trailing end 04 of the printing forme 01 in the Opening 09 then takes place when another lying within the opening angle γ opening angle s is less than 90 °, wherein the opening angle s by a radial jet R2, the center M06 of the forme 06 with the in the production direction P of the forme cylinder 06 rear edge 17 of the opening 09 connects, and that central Z2 is limited, which is contrary to the production direction P of the forme cylinder 06 to the radial beam R2 next. It is advantageous to choose the opening angle ε such that it has a value in the range between 20 ° and 35 °, preferably about 30 °.

mit

γ_eff =:

effektiver Öffnungswinkel des Freiraums als Zugang zum Formzylinder 06

γ =:

(theoretischer maximaler) Öffnungswinkel des zwischen den Zentralen Z1; Z2 bestehenden Freiraums als Zugang zum Formzylinder 06

φ33 =:

ein im Öffnungswinkel γ liegender Öffnungswinkel zwischen der Zentralen Z1 und einer durch den Mittelpunkt M06 des Formzylinders 06 verlaufenden, an der Farbauftragswalze 33 anliegenden Tangente T33

φ34 =:

ein im Öffnungswinkel γ liegender Öffnungswinkel zwischen der Zentralen Z2 und einer durch den Mittelpunkt M06 des Formzylinders 06 verlaufenden, an der Feuchtauffragswalze 34 anliegenden Tangente T34

D06 =:

Durchmesser des Formzylinders 06

D33 =:

Durchmesser der Farbauftragswalze 33

D34 =:

Durchmesser der Feuchtauftragswalze 34

4 can also be taken that the given by the opening angle γ clearance to the forme cylinder 06 due to the physical extent of the inking roller 33 and the dampener roller 34 is limited in practice again. The larger the diameter D33 of the inking roller 33 or the diameter D34 of the dampening roller 34 in relation to the diameter D06 of the forme cylinder 06, the lower is an effectively available, z. B. for a change of the printing plate 01, usable space. The free space is within one by one effective opening angle γ _eff spanned, on the lateral surface 07 of the forme cylinder 06 related circular section. The effective opening angle γ _eff results from the opening angle γ with deduction by the inking roller 33 and the dampening roller 34 built angle ranges φ33; φ34 according to the following trigonometric relationship: $${\mathrm{\gamma }}_{\mathrm{eff}}=\mathrm{\gamma }-\mathrm{\phi }33-\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="34"\; label="\phi "\; filenames="imgf0003.png,imgf0004.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\phi </figure-callout>}34=\mathrm{\gamma }-\mathrm{arc\; sin}\{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="33"\; label="D"\; filenames="imgf0003.png,imgf0004.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}33/(\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="06"\; label="D"\; filenames="imgf0002.png,imgf0003.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}06+\mathrm{D}33)\}-\mathrm{arc\; sin}\{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="34"\; label="D"\; filenames="imgf0003.png,imgf0004.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}34/(\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="06"\; label="D"\; filenames="imgf0002.png,imgf0003.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}06+\mathrm{D}34)\}$$

With

γ _eff =:

effective opening angle of the free space as access to the forme cylinder 06

γ =:

(theoretical maximum) opening angle of the between Z1; Z2 existing space as access to the forme cylinder 06

φ33 =:

an opening angle at the opening angle γ between the central Z1 and a tangent T33 passing through the center M06 of the forme cylinder 06 and resting against the inking roller 33

φ34 =:

an opening angle at the opening angle γ between the central Z2 and a tangent T34 passing through the center M06 of the forme cylinder 06 and resting against the moisturizing roller 34

D06 =:

Diameter of the forme cylinder 06

D33 =:

Diameter of the inking roller 33

D34 =:

Diameter of the dampening roller 34

It is advantageous if the effective opening angle γ _{eff is} at least 60 °, in particular approximately 90 °.

5 shows not only a printing plate 01 to be mounted with a suspension leg 13 at its front end 03, wherein this suspension leg 13 is applied during the first operating position B13 of the forme cylinder 06 at the front edge 16 of the opening 09 in the production direction P of the forme cylinder 06 but it is too It can be seen that this first operating position B13 is selected to be favorable when the wall 18 extending from the front edge 16 is within the opening angle γ and a straight line G18 applied to it extends from the front edge 16 to an acute opening angle η to the front one Edge 16 of the opening 09 tangent vertical V16 forms, wherein the opening angle η is preferably less than 15 °, in particular about 5 °. The opening angle η can be directed in the same direction to the production direction P of the forme cylinder 06, ie the direction of rotation of the opening angle η corresponds to the production direction P of the forme cylinder 06, or also opposite thereto.

6 and 7 show a detail of one of the Fig. 3 similar printing unit with a forme cylinder 06 arranged pressing member 36, the z. B. formed as a pressure roller 36 or a pressure roller 36 and disposed in the axial direction of the forme cylinder 06 and by an unillustrated actuator to the forme cylinder 06 and after the assembly of the printing forme 01 again from the forme cylinder 06 is turned off, the hiring and stopping z. B. by pivoting, as indicated by a curved double arrow in Figs. 6 and 7. FIG. 6 shows a flexible printing plate 01 which is brought to the forme cylinder 06 but still spaced from the lateral surface 07 of the forme cylinder 06, whereas FIG. 7 shows that the printing forme 01 with its angled hooking leg formed at its front end 03 13 engages in the opening 09 in order to apply the suspension leg 13 at the extending from the front in the direction of production P of the forme cylinder 16 wall 18, which by the pressing member 36 by a preferably at this time taking place of the pressing member 36 to the lateral surface 07 of the forme cylinder 06 and by a subsequent employment of this rolling over and rolling of the printing forme 01 on the lateral surface 07 is supported.

The pressing element 36 is preferably arranged both close to the inking roller 33 and within an acute opening angle ρ, wherein the opening angle ρ by the radial jet R2, the center M06 of the forme 06 with the back in the production direction P of the forme cylinder 06 edge 17 of the opening 09th connects, and that central Z1 is limited, which is in the direction of production P of the forme cylinder 06 to the radial jet R2 next, wherein it is advantageous to choose the opening angle ρ so that it has a value in the range z. B. between 20 ° and 45 °, preferably less than 40 °. In practice, the opening angle ρ and the previously described opening angle δ due to the small slot width S of the opening 09 are almost equal.

The printing forme 01 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 has a shape shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in particular, the suspension leg 14 formed at its rear end 04 is angled approximately at right angles to the extended support surface 02. The from the edges 16; 17 of the opening 09 in the interior of the forme cylinder 06 extending walls 18; 19 are the folded Einhänbringeln 13; 14 of the printing form 01 adapted. In such a trained printing plate 01 can both suspension legs 13; 14 practically in the same, essentially defined by the position of the radial jet R2 operating position of the forme cylinder 06 are introduced into the opening 09. Thus, the suspension leg 13 is inserted at the front end 03 of the printing forme 01 in the opening 09, the printing forme 01 of its full length L unwound on the lateral surface 07 of the forme 06 and rolled up, depending on the length L of the printing forme 01 z. B. after a nearly full revolution of the forme cylinder 06 can be done, and then the suspension leg 14 at the rear end 04 of the printing plate 01 practically engage in the same operating position of the forme cylinder 06 in the opening 09. A printing plate 01 with a at its rear end 04 approximately at right angles angled suspension legs 14 is also suitable, by means of a feeder, not shown, for. B. from a printing forme magazine automatically be brought to the forme cylinder 06.

As can be seen from FIGS. 4 to 7, the panels Z1; Z2 in their position preferably from a running through the center M06 of the plate cylinder 06 vertical V06. Thus, the center Z1 running through the inking roller 33 with the vertical V06 running through the center M06 of the forme cylinder 06 preferably has an acute opening angle σ in a direction away from the transfer cylinder 26, the value of which is preferably less than 40 °, in particular less than 30 °, is. The extending through the dampening roller 34 center Z2 has with the passing through the center M06 of the forme 06 06 vertical V06 preferably in the direction away from the transfer cylinder 26 direction an acute opening angle whose value is preferably in the range z. B. between 25 ° and 45 °.

FIGS. 3 to 7 show that the dampening unit 29 is preferably arranged such that the centers M34; M38 at least the first and the last to the roller train of the dampening unit 29 belonging rollers 34; 38, but preferably the midpoints M34; M37; M38 all of the dampening unit 29 belonging rollers 34; 37; 38 are within an outgoing from the center M26 of the transfer cylinder 26 acute opening angle φ, wherein a passing through the center M26 of the transfer cylinder 26 horizontal H26 limits the opening angle φ down. The opening angle φ is preferably less than 45 °, in particular less than 20 °. A dampening roller 37 which is at the lowest point below the horizontal H26 preferably lies within an acute opening angle ω originating at the center M26 of the transfer cylinder 26, which adjoins the opening angle φ directly and is thus bounded upward by the horizontal H26. The opening angle ω is preferably less than 30 °, in particular less than 15 °.

FIGS. 3 to 7 also show that a center Z3 passing through the forme cylinder 06 and the transfer cylinder 26 is centered on the center Z2 of the center Transfer cylinder 26 extending horizontal H26 forms an emanating from the midpoint M26 of the transfer cylinder 26 acute opening angle ψ, said opening angle ψ a value in the range z. B. between 40 ° and 60 °, preferably between 45 ° and 50 °.

In the H-printing unit shown at least partially in FIGS. 3 to 7, the centers M26 of the successive rolling transfer cylinders 26 are not arranged on the same horizontal H26, but a running through these two transfer cylinder 26 central Z4 forms with the respective center M26 by a the transfer cylinder 26 extending horizontal H26 from the center M26 one of the two transfer cylinders 26 outgoing acute opening angle ζ, said opening angle ζ has a value up to 15 °, preferably of less than 10 °.

In the printing unit described in Figs. 3 to 7, the forme cylinder 06 associated inking unit 27 and dampening unit 29 are arranged such that sufficient accessibility to the transfer cylinder 26 also in that operating condition, when an inking roller 33 and a dampener 34 spaced from each other Form cylinder 06 are employed and the forme cylinder 06 is employed on the transfer cylinder 26. This accessibility to the transfer cylinder 26 facilitates retightening or replacing a mounted on the transfer cylinder 26 or elevator to be attached, such. B. a rubber blanket. As already described, there is an exchange of a to be exchanged with the forme 06 printing plate 01 in a range between the inking roller 33 and the employee on the forme 06 dampening roller 34. The dampening unit 29, which usually several, z. B. three dampening rollers 34; 37; 38 is positioned on the forme cylinder 06 such that between a respective extending through the center M26 of the transfer cylinder 26 vertical V26 and a straight line G26, in particular one from the center M26 of the transfer cylinder 26 outgoing Direction beam G26, from the center M26 of the transfer cylinder 26 outgoing opening angle κ is formed, wherein the straight line G26 is a tangent to the lowest arranged dampening roller 34; 37; 38 of the dampening unit 29 is (FIG. 5). The opening angle κ has a value of at least 45 °, preferably of at least 60 °. The proposed arrangement offers advantages, in particular for printing units, in which the transfer cylinder 26 has an at least approximately twice the diameter and circumference of the forme cylinder 06.

In a printing unit of a printing machine with at least two each vertically to one side of the vertically guided by the printing unit printing material 31 vertically stacked printing form according to FIG. 3, the transfer cylinder 26 and in the direction of rotation of the forme cylinder 06 the transfer cylinder 26 nearest inking roller 32 of the lower printing unit at least in its operating state applied to the lateral surface 07 of its forme cylinder 06 in a cross section with its respective central Z3; Z5 with its forme cylinder 06 an obtuse opening angle μ from, the central Z5 passes through the center M06 of the forme cylinder 06 and the center M32 in the direction of rotation of the forme cylinder 06 the transfer cylinder 26 nearest inking roller 32, the supply of a on the lateral surface 07 of the Form cylinder 06 to be mounted printing forme 01 to the forme cylinder 06 within the spanned between the inking roller 32 and the transfer cylinder 26 opening angle μ, wherein the opening angle μ between the two centers Z3; Z5 has a value preferably in the range between 95 ° and 150 °. In practice, the aperture angle μ is limited by the center Z5 running through the center M32 of the inking roller 32 and the vertical V06 passing through the center M06 of the forme cylinder 06.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

01

printing form

02

Bearing surface (01)

03

End, leading (01)

04

End, trailing (01)

05

-

06

form cylinder

07

Lateral surface (06)

08

channel

09

opening

10

-

11

Bending edge (13)

12

Bending edge (14)

13

suspension leg

14

suspension leg

15

-

16

Edge, front, first (09)

17

Edge, rear, second (09)

18

wall

19

wall

20

-

21

holding means

22

spring element

23

actuating means

24

Sprühdüsenbalken

25

-

26

Transfer cylinder, blanket cylinder

27

Inking unit, film inking unit

28

paintbox

29

Dampening unit, spray dampening unit

30

-

31

Substrate, web, paper web

32

Inking roller

33

Inking roller

34

Roller, dampening roller, dampening roller

35

-

36

Pressure element, pressure roller, pressure roller

37

Roller, dampening roller

38

Roller, dampening roller

A26

distance

B

width

B13

Operating position, first (06)

B14

Operating position, second (06)

D

material thickness

D06

Diameter (06)

D26

Diameter (26)

D33

Diameter (33)

D34

Diameter (34)

G18

Just

G26

Straight, directional beam

H

height

H06

Horizontal (06)

H26

Horizontal (26)

L

length

I13

length

I14

length

M06

Center point (06)

M26

Center point (26)

M32

Midpoint (32)

M33

Midpoint (33)

M34

Center point (34)

M37

Midpoint (37)

M38

Midpoint (38)

P

production direction

R1

Radial; Just

R2

Radial; Just

S

Slot width (09)

T06

Tangent (06)

T33

Tangent (33)

T34

Tangent (34)

V06

vertical

V16

vertical

V26

vertical

Z1

headquarters

Z2

headquarters

Z3

headquarters

Z4

headquarters

Z5

headquarters

α1

opening angle

α2

opening angle

β1

opening angle

β2

opening angle

δ

opening angle

ε

opening angle

γ

opening angle

γ _eff

effective opening angle

η

opening angle

ρ

opening angle

σ

opening angle

τ

opening angle

φ

opening angle

ω

opening angle

ψ

opening angle

ζ

opening angle

κ

opening angle

μ

opening angle

φ33

angle range

φ34

angle range

Claims (65)

1. A printing couple of a printing unit - comprising at least two printing couples vertically one above the other - of a printing press with a forme cylinder (06) in each case with at least one inking roller (33) of an inking unit (27) and a dampening form roller (34) of a dampening unit (29) comprising a plurality of rollers (34; 37; 38) arranged in line adjacent to one another and with a transfer cylinder (26) co-operating with the forme cylinder (06), wherein the inking roller (33) and the dampening form roller (34) form an obtuse opening angle (γ) with the forme cylinder (06) in a cross-section with their respective median lines (Z1; Z2) at least in their operating state set onto an external face (07) of the forme cylinder (06), wherein the rollers (34; 37; 38) of the dampening unit (29) are arranged in such a way that at least the mid-points (M34; M38) at least of the first and the last roller (34; 38) in the roller train of the dampening unit (29) are situated within an acute opening angle (φ) starting from the mid-point (M26) of the transfer cylinder (26), wherein the transfer cylinder (26) is made double-size with respect to the forme cylinder (06) co-operating with it, characterized in that the opening angle (γ) present between the dampening form roller (34) and the inking roller (33) forms a free space for supplying a printing forme (01) - to be mounted on the external face (07) of the forme cylinder (06) - to the forme cylinder (06), wherein a horizontal line (H26) extending through the mid-point (M26) of the transfer cylinder (26) bounds - at the bottom - the opening angle (φ) embracing the mid-points (M34; M38) at least of the first and the last roller (34; 38) in the roller train of the dampening unit (29), and the opening angle (φ) amounts to less than 45°.
2. A printing couple according to Claim 1, characterized in that the opening angle (φ) bounded at the bottom by the horizontal line (H26) embraces the mid-points (M34; M37; M38) of all the rollers (34; 37; 38) of the dampening unit (29).
3. A printing couple according to Claim 1, characterized in that a pressing element (36) set on the forme cylinder (06) is arranged close to the inking roller (33) between the inking roller (33) and the dampening form roller (34) in the production direction (P) of the forme cylinder (06) within an acute opening angle (ρ) situated in the opening angle (γ), wherein the acute opening angle (ρ) adjoins the median line (Z1) extending through the inking roller (33).
4. A printing couple of a printing unit - comprising at least two printing couples vertically one above the other - of a printing press with a forme cylinder (06) in each case with at least one inking roller (33) of an inking unit (27) and a dampening form roller (34) of a dampening unit (29) comprising a plurality of rollers (34; 37; 38) arranged in line adjacent to one another and with a transfer cylinder (26) co-operating with the forme cylinder (06), wherein the inking roller (33) and the dampening form roller (34) form an obtuse opening angle (γ) with the forme cylinder (06) in a cross-section with their respective median lines (Z1; Z2) at least in their operating state set onto an external face (07) of the forme cylinder (06), wherein the forme cylinder (06) has a channel (08) opened on its external face (07) for fastening the two ends (03; 04) of a printing forme (01) to be mounted on the external face (07) of the forme cylinder (06), characterized in that the opening angle (γ) present between the dampening form roller (34) and the inking roller (33) forms a free space for supplying the printing forme (01) - to be mounted on the external face (07) of the forme cylinder (06) - to the forme cylinder (06), wherein the printing forme (01) has at least one angled suspension arm (13) at least at its leading end (03), wherein a pressing element (36) set on the forme cylinder (06) for introducing the angled suspension arm (13) into the channel (08) is arranged close to the inking roller (33) between the inking roller (33) and the dampening form roller (34) in the production direction (P) of the forme cylinder (06) within an acute opening angle (ρ) situated in the opening angle (γ), wherein the acute opening angle (ρ) adjoins the median line (Z1) extending through the inking roller (33).
5. A printing couple according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the acute opening angle (ρ) has a value in the range of between 20° and 45°.
6. A printing couple according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the acute opening angle (ρ) amounts to less than 40°.
7. A printing couple according to Claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the obtuse opening angle (γ) between the two median lines (Z1; Z2) has a value in the range of between 110° and 150°.
8. A printing couple according to Claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the forme cylinder (06) above the horizontal line (H26) extending through the mid-point (M26) of the transfer cylinder (26) rolls over the transfer cylinder (26).
9. A printing couple according to Claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the forme cylinder (06) is arranged in an H-type printing unit.
10. A printing couple according to Claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the printing unit operates in 2/2 printing.
11. A printing couple according to Claim 1 or 4, characterized in that a material to be printed (31) is guided through the printing unit in a vertical pattern.
12. A printing couple according to Claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the transfer cylinder (26) extends in the horizontal direction towards a transfer cylinder (26) of a further printing couple arranged in the printing unit, and the material to be printed (31) is guided through between the two transfer cylinders (26).
13. A printing couple according to Claim 1 or 4, characterized in that on the external face (07) of the forme cylinder (06) the diameter (D06) of the latter amounts to less than 200 mm.
14. A printing couple according to Claim 4, characterized in that the transfer cylinder (26) is made double-sized with respect to the forme cylinder (06) co-operating with it.
15. A printing couple according to Claim 1 or 4, characterized in that a diameter (D33; D34) of the application rollers (32; 33; 34) - to be set on the forme cylinder (06) - of the dampening unit (29) and of the inking unit (27) amounts to at least 50% of the diameter (D06) of the forme cylinder (06) in each case.
16. A printing couple according to Claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the diameter (D33; D34) of the application rollers (32; 33; 34) - to be set on the forme cylinder (06) - of the dampening unit (29) and of the inking unit (27) amounts to between 60% and 70% of the diameter (D06) of the forme cylinder (06) in each case.
17. A printing couple according to Claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the transfer cylinder (26) is set against a further transfer cylinder (26) in such a way that a median line (Z4) extending through the said two transfer cylinders (26) forms, with the respective horizontal line (H26) extending through the mid-point (M26) of one of the transfer cylinders (26), an acute opening angle (ζ) starting from the mid-point (M26) of one of the two transfer cylinders (26), wherein the said opening angle (ζ) has a value of up to 15°.
18. A printing couple according to Claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the dampening unit (29) comprises three rollers (34; 37; 38).
19. A printing couple according to Claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the dampening unit (29) is constructed in the form of a spraying dampening unit (29).
20. A printing couple according to Claim 1 or 4, characterized in that a vertical distance (A26) between two printing points following in succession of two printing couples arranged vertically one above the other in the printing unit amounts to between 105% and 150% of a diameter (D26) of the transfer cylinder (26).
21. A printing couple according to Claim 20, characterized in that the distance (A26) amounts to between 120% and 130% of the diameter (D26) of the transfer cylinder (26).
22. A printing couple according to Claim 20, characterized in that the distance (A26) amounts to 125% of the diameter (D26) of the transfer cylinder (26).
23. A printing couple according to Claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the inking roller (33) and the dampening form roller (34) are arranged on the forme cylinder (06) on a side facing away from the transfer cylinder (26).
24. A printing couple according to Claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the median line (Z1) extending through the inking roller (33) forms an acute opening angle (σ) with a vertical line (V06) extending through the mid-point (M06) of the forme cylinder (06).
25. A printing couple according to Claim 24, characterized in that the opening angle (σ) has a value of less than 40°.
26. A printing couple according to Claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the median line (Z2) extending through the dampening form roller (34) forms an acute opening angle (τ) with the vertical line (V06) extending through the mid-point (M06) of the forme cylinder (06).
27. A printing couple according to Claim 26, characterized in that the opening angle (τ) has a value in the range of between 25° and 45°.
28. A printing couple according to Claim 24 or 26, characterized in that the opening angle (σ) or the opening angle (τ) are orientated in a direction facing away from the transfer cylinder (26).
29. A printing couple according to Claim 4, characterized in that the rollers (34; 37; 38) of the dampening unit (29) are arranged in such a way that at least the mid-points (M34; M38) at least of the first and the last roller (34; 38) in the roller train of the dampening unit (29) are situated within an acute opening angle (φ) starting from the mid-point (M26) of the transfer cylinder (26), wherein the horizontal line (H26) extending through the mid-point (M26) of the transfer cylinder (26) bounds - at the bottom - the opening angle (φ) embracing the mid-points (M34; M38) at least of the first and the last roller (34; 38) in the roller train of the dampening unit (29), and the opening angle (φ) amounts to less than 45°.
30. A printing couple according to Claim 1 or 29, characterized in that a dampening-unit roller (37) situated the lowest below the horizontal line (H26) is situated within an acute opening angle (ω) starting from the mid-point (M26) of the transfer cylinder (26).
31. A printing couple according to Claim 30, characterized in that the opening angle (ω) adjoins the opening angle (φ) and is bounded by the horizontal line (H26) at the top.
32. A printing couple according to Claim 30, characterized in that the opening angle (ω) amounts to less than 30°.
33. A printing couple according to Claim 1 or 4, characterized in that a median line (Z3) extending through the forme cylinder (06) and the transfer cylinder (26) forms, with the horizontal line (H26) extending through the mid-point (M26) of the transfer cylinder (26), an acute opening angle (ψ) starting from the mid-point (M26) of the transfer cylinder (26).
34. A printing couple according to Claim 33, characterized in that the opening angle (ψ) has a value in the range of between 40° and 60°.
35. A printing couple according to Claim 1 or 4, characterized in that an effectively available free space is provided as an access to the forme cylinder (06) within an effective opening angle (γ_eff), wherein the effective opening angle (γ_eff) results from the relationship: $$\gamma \mathrm{eff}=\gamma -\mathrm{\phi }33-\mathrm{\phi }34=\gamma -\arcsin \left\{\mathrm{D}33/\left(\mathrm{D}06+\mathrm{D}33\right)\right\}-\arcsin \left\{\mathrm{D}34/\left(\mathrm{D}06+\mathrm{D}34\right)\right\}$$

    

    
    with

    γeff =: the effective opening angle of the free space as an access to the forme cylinder (06);

    γ =: the opening angle of the free space existing between the median lines (Z1; Z2) as an access to the forme cylinder (06);

    φ33 =: an opening angle, situated in the opening angle (γ), between the median line (Z1) and a tangent (T33) extending through the mid-point (M06) of the forme cylinder (06) and resting against the inking roller (33);

    φ34 =: an opening angle, situated in the opening angle (γ), between the median line (Z2) and a tangent (T34) extending through the mid-point (M06) of the forme cylinder (06) and resting against the dampening form roller (34);

    D06 =: diameter of the forme cylinder (06);

    D33 =: diameter of the inking roller (33);

    D34 =: diameter of the dampening form roller (34).
36. A printing couple according to Claim 35, characterized in that the effective opening angle (γ_eff) amounts to at least 60°.
37. A printing couple according to Claim 35, characterized in that the effective opening angle (γ_eff) amounts to approximately 90°.
38. A printing couple according to Claim 1 or 4, characterized in that a flexible printing forme (01) brought up to the forme cylinder (06) within the opening angle (γ) and to be mounted on the external face (07) of the forme cylinder (06) is bent along its length (L) as it is brought up.
39. A printing couple according to Claim 1 or 4, characterized in that a supply device is provided which brings the printing forme (01) up to the forme cylinder (06).
40. A printing couple according to Claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the external face (07) of the forme cylinder (06) has at least one opening (09), wherein a wall (18; 19) directed in each case from the external face (07) of the forme cylinder (06) into the interior of the latter is formed on a front edge (16) and a rear edge (17) of the opening (09) in the axial direction of the forme cylinder (06) in the production direction (P) of the latter.
41. A printing couple according to Claim 1, characterized in that the printing forme (01) has at least one angled suspension arm (13) at least on its leading edge (03).
42. A printing couple according to Claim 4 or 41, characterized in that in the state of the printing forme (01) mounted on the forme cylinder (06) the suspension arm (13) of the printing forme (01) is set against the wall (18) of the opening (09) extending from the front edge (16) in the production direction (P) of the forme cylinder (06).
43. A printing couple according to Claim 40, characterized in that an engagement of the suspension arm (13) of the printing forme (01) in the opening (09) takes place when an opening angle (δ) situated within the opening angle (γ) amounts to less than 90°, wherein the opening angle (δ) is bounded by a radial line (R1), which connects a mid-point (M06) of the forme cylinder (06) to the front edge (16) of the opening (09) in the production direction (P) of the forme cylinder (06), and that median line (Z1) which is closest to the radial line (R1) in the production direction (P) of the forme cylinder (06).
44. A printing couple according to Claim 43, characterized in that the opening angle

    (δ) has a value in the range of between 20° and 35°.
45. A printing couple according to Claim 40, characterized in that the engagement of the suspension arm (13) of the printing forme (01) in the opening (09) takes place in a first operating setting (B13) of the forme cylinder (06) in which the wall (18) extending from the front edge (16) is situated within the opening angle (γ), and a straight line (G18) resting against the wall (18) forms an acute opening angle (η) starting from the front edge (16) to a vertical line (V16) forming a tangent to the front edge (16) of the opening (09).
46. A printing couple according to Claim 45, characterized in that the opening angle (η) is less than 15°.
47. A printing couple according to Claim 45, characterized in that the opening angle (η) amounts to approximately 5°.
48. A printing couple according to Claim 45, characterized in that the opening angle (η) is orientated in the same direction as the production direction (P) of the forme cylinder (06).
49. A printing couple according to Claim 45, characterized in that the opening angle (η) is orientated in a direction contrary to the production direction (P) of the forme cylinder (06).
50. A printing couple according to Claim 40, characterized in that the printing forme (01) has at least one angled suspension arm (14) on its trailing end (04), wherein the suspension arm (14) of the printing forme (01) is capable of being set against the wall (19) of the opening (09) extending from the rear edge (17) in the production direction (P) of the forme cylinder (06).
51. A printing couple according to Claim 50, characterized in that the engagement of the suspension arm (14) on the trailing end (04) of the printing forme (01) into the opening (09) takes place when an opening angle (ε) situated within the opening angle (γ) amounts to less than 90°, wherein the opening angle (ε) is bounded by a radial line (R2), which connects the mid-point (M06) of the forme cylinder (06) to the rear edge (17) of the opening (09) in the production direction (P) of the forme cylinder (06), and that median line (Z2) which is closest to the radial line (R2) in the production direction (P) of the forme cylinder (06).
52. A printing couple according to Claim 51, characterized in that the opening angle (ε) has a value in the range of between 20° and 35°.
53. A printing couple according to Claim 40, characterized in that the suspension arm (14) formed on the rear end (04) of the printing forme (01) is angled substantially at a right angle to the elongate abutment face (02), the walls (18, 19) extending from the edges (16, 17) of the opening (09) into the interior of the forme cylinder (06) are adapted to the angled suspension arms (13; 14) of the printing forme (01), and the engagement of the two suspension arms (13; 14) into the opening (09) takes place substantially in the same operating position of the forme cylinder (06).
54. A printing couple according to Claim 50, characterized in that after the engagement of the suspension arm (13) on the front end (03) of the printing forme (01) the suspension arm (14) on the rear end (04) engages in the opening (09) after a complete rolling of a length (L) of the printing forme (01) on the external face (07) of the forme cylinder (06).
55. A printing couple according to Claim 50, characterized in that after the engagement of the suspension arm (13) on the front end (03) of the printing forme (01) the suspension arm (14) on the rear end (04) engages in the opening (09) after approximately a complete revolution of the forme cylinder (06).
56. A printing couple according to Claim 1 or 29, characterized in that all the rollers (34; 37; 38) of the dampening unit (29) are arranged, above a straight line (G26) extending through the mid-point (M26) of the transfer cylinder (26) and resting in the form of a tangent against the dampening-unit roller (34; 37; 38) situated lowermost, on the side directed from the said straight line (G26) in a direction contrary to the production direction (P) of the transfer cylinder (26), wherein an opening angle (κ) starting from the mid-point (M26) of the transfer cylinder (26) and with a value of at least 45° is formed in the production direction (P) of the transfer cylinder (26) below the straight line (G26) between the latter and a vertical line (V26) extending through the mid-point (M26) of the transfer cylinder (26).
57. A printing couple according to Claim 56, characterized in that the opening angle (κ) has a value of at least 60°.
58. A printing unit of a printing press with at least two printing couples arranged vertically one above the other in each case with a forme cylinder (06) in each case with at least one inking roller (32; 33) of an inking unit (27) and a dampening form roller (34) of a dampening unit (29) comprising a plurality of rollers (34; 37; 38) arranged in line adjacent to one another and with a transfer cylinder (26) co-operating with the forme cylinder (06), characterized in that the inking roller (33) and the dampening form roller (34) of the upper of the printing couples arranged vertically one above the other form an obtuse opening angle (γ) with their forme cylinder (06) in a cross-section with their respective median lines (Z1; Z2) at least in their operating state set onto an external face (07) of their forme cylinder (06), wherein the opening angle (γ) formed by the median lines (Z1; Z2) of the said dampening form roller (34) and the said inking roller (33) forms a free space for supplying a printing forme (01) - to be mounted on the external face (07) of the said forme cylinder (06) - to the said forme cylinder (06), and the transfer cylinder (26) and the inking roller (32) - situated the closest to the transfer cylinder (26) in the direction of rotation of the forme cylinder (06) - of the lower of the printing couples arranged vertically one above the other form an obtuse opening angle (µ) with their forme cylinder (06) in a cross-section with their respective median lines (Z3; Z5) at least in their operating state set onto the external face (07) of their forme cylinder (06), wherein the opening angle (µ) formed by the median lines (Z3; Z5) of the said inking roller (32) and the said transfer cylinder (26) forms a free space for supplying a printing forme (01) - to be mounted on the external face (07) of the said forme cylinder (06) - to the said forme cylinder (06).
59. A printing unit according to Claim 58, characterized in that the opening angle (µ) between the two median lines (Z3; Z5) has a value in the range of between 95° and 150°.
60. A printing unit according to Claim 58, characterized in that the opening angle (µ) is bounded by the median line (Z5) extending through the mid-point (M32) of the inking roller (32) and by the vertical line (V06) extending through the mid-point (M06) of the forme cylinder (06).
61. A printing unit according to Claim 58, characterized by a printing couple with the features according to any one of Claims 1 to 57.
62. A printing unit according to Claim 58, characterized in that the dampening unit (29) of the lower printing couple is set on the forme cylinder (06) on the side facing a material (31) to be printed.
63. A printing unit according to Claim 40, characterized in that the opening (09) has a slot width of less than 5 mm on the external face (07) of the forme cylinder (06).
64. A printing unit according to Claim 63, characterized in that the slot width is in the range of from 1 mm to 3 mm.
65. A printing unit according to Claim 58, characterized in that the transfer cylinder (26) is made double-sized with respect to the forme cylinder (06) co-operating with it.

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