EP1601570B1 - Drive for ailerons actuated by muscular force - Google Patents

Abstract

The inventive boat (1) comprises a rocking bar (4) which can be actuated by a muscular force and whose lever arms (6, 7) are respectively connected to a support (10,11) by means of a swing joint arm: Said support (10, 11) can be raised and lowered and is provided with an aileron (12, 13). Said rocking bar (4) can be actuated by a seat (14) which can rock around an axis (21) extending to a displacement direction. Said boat also comprises at least one other driving device which is moved by rocking and can actuated by the seat of the rocking bar (4) for driving the boat.

Description

The invention relates to a fin drive for a watercraft with an actuatable by muscle rocker according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such a fin drive is off EP0675039B known. The rocker is designed as a swivel seat on both sides. Although the well-known fin drive has proven itself on the whole, longer journeys or a higher driving speed require a considerable effort.

The object of the invention is to reduce the effort to operate such a drive.

This is inventively achieved by the drive characterized in claim 1. In the subclaims advantageous embodiments of the invention are shown.

According to the invention, the drive is formed by a preferably arranged in front of the rocker on the vessel in the direction of travel, which is pivotable about an axis extending in the direction of travel, further by at least one further actuatable by pivoting drive means, with the upper body, the legs and / or poor is operable. For transmission of the actuation of the seats and the at least one Further drive means generated force on the rocker is a power transmission device is provided.

As a result, according to the invention not only the muscular force which is applied for pivoting the seat but also the muscular force which is generated by the upper body, the legs or arms is used.

The muscular force generated by the upper body is preferably produced by movement of the upper body about its longitudinal axis. For this purpose, the drive device which can be moved with the upper body preferably has a upper body drive axis extending along the spinal column and rotatable about its longitudinal axis. The actuatable with the legs drive means preferably comprises two pivotable about an axis transverse to the direction of travel axis lever with a pedal. Similarly, a preferred embodiment of the actuatable with the arms drive device is constructed, which also comprises two pivotable about an axis transverse to the direction of travel axis lever, which are each provided with a handle.

The means for transmitting the muscle power is preferably designed such that the direction of pivoting of the seat determines the direction of pivoting of the at least one further actuatable by pivoting drive means. That is, the pivoting of the seat on one side, in which direction the upper body drive shaft and the pedal lever and / or handle lever moves, which is located on the watercraft on this side of the seat. Preferably, the motion coordination is designed so that when pivoting the seat on one side down the upper body drive shaft is actuated forwardly by rotation of the upper body on that side of the seat and the pedal lever and / or the hand lever are moved forward on that side of the seat, and vice versa when the seat is pivoted on one side up the upper body drive shaft by rotation of the upper body on this side to the rear or the pedal lever and the hand lever by moving on this side is pressed backwards.

The direction of pivoting of the seat is thus matched to the direction of pivoting of the other drive means so that optimum ergonomics is achieved. That when the seat is swiveled down on one side, the upper body on this side, turned forward, puts the absolute power on. Conversely, the upper body on the side on which the seat is moved upwards, pivoted to the rear, also brings the absolute force. The same applies to the force of the arms and legs when they are moved in the direction described in dependence on the direction of pivoting of the seat.

This is due to the fact that this sequence of movements comes close to the movement of the human during walking, so that it is used on an optimally rehearsed interaction of the muscles of the upper body, lower body, arms and legs.

For transmitting power from the seat to the rocker, the seat preferably has a support lever on which a traction means is attached to each lever arm, which at one or the other Lever arm of the rocker attacks, preferably on the same side of the rocker, so for example at the top or bottom.

On the upper body drive axle, a lever arm is preferably attached on both sides, to which a traction means is attached, which is guided on the relevant side about a arranged below the pivot axis of the seat pulley and attached to the cross member of the seat on this page.

The two operable with the arms hand lever and the two operable with the legs pedal lever are preferably designed as a two-armed lever.

In each case a traction means is attached to the second lever arm of the two hand lever, which engages for transmitting power to one or the other lever arm of the rocker.

At the second lever arm of the two pedal levers a traction means is also attached in each case. This traction means connects the second lever arm of the pedal lever with the second lever arm of the hand lever on this side of the vessel, and also a pulley the second lever arm of the pedal lever on one side with the second lever arm of the pedal lever on the other side of the watercraft. That is, the two pedal levers are connected via the two arm lever with the rocker, and the arm lever and the pedal lever on one side of the vessel via the pulley with the pedal lever and the hand lever on the other side of the watercraft. The two traction devices that engage the power transmission of the arms and legs on the rocker, attack on the same side, ie the top or bottom the two lever arms of the rocker, on the side opposite to the side on which the two attached to the cross member of the seat traction means engage the rocker. That is, when the two traction means, which are attached to the one or the other side of the seat on the cross member, engage the two lever arms of the rocker on the top, the two traction means for power transmission of the arms and legs on the underside of the two lever arms of the rocker at.

As a pulling means, a rope, tape, chain or the like can be used.

In accordance with the invention, an ergonomically optimal transmission system, which can be actuated by muscle power, is thus provided for the integral driving force.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the drive according to the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

• Figur 1A, 1B bzw. 2A, 2B jeweils den vorderen und den daran anschließenden hinteren Abschnitt eines Wasserfahrzeuges in der Draufsicht bzw. im Längsschnitt;
• Figur 3 eine perspektivische Ansicht des Pedals der mit den Beinen betätigbaren Antriebseinrichtung;
• Figur 4 eine Seitenansicht der Gelenkverbindung der wippe mit dem Flossenträger; und
• Figuren 5a und 5b ein Arbeitsschema des erfindungsgemäßen Flossenantriebes, und zwar von der ersten Hälfte bzw. der zweiten Hälfte eines Arbeitszyklusses.

In each case show schematically

• Figure 1A . 1B and 2A, 2B respectively the front and the subsequent rear portion of a watercraft in plan view and in longitudinal section;
• FIG. 3 a perspective view of the pedal of the actuatable with the legs drive device;
• FIG. 4 a side view of the articulation of the rocker with the fin carrier; and
• FIGS. 5a and 5b a diagram of the fin drive according to the invention, of the first half and the second half of a working cycle.

According to Figure 1A , B and 2A, B has a watercraft 1, for example, the shape of a surfboard in the middle of a mounting rail 2 extending in the longitudinal or direction of travel.

On a stand 3 mounted on the mounting rail 2, a rocker 4 is articulated about an axis 5 extending transversely to the vessel 1.

The two lever arms 6, 7 of the rocker 4 are connected via a joint each with a movable up and down carrier 10, 11, wherein in FIG. 2B (and FIG. 4 ) only one joint 8 is shown on the lever arm 6. At each support 10, 11 at least one fin 12, 13 is attached at the lower end.

In front of the rocker 4 a trained as a saddle seat 14 is arranged, which forms a first operable by muscle power drive device. The seat 14 is fixed to a frame 15 with a front and a rear cross member 16, 17. The cross members 16 and 17 are articulated on two uprights 18, 19 about a longitudinally extending axis at 21 and 22. The stands 18, 19 are mounted on the mounting rail 2. The saddle 14 is mounted eccentrically, i. its center of gravity lies below the pivot axis 21, 22.

In addition to the seat 14, three further drive means are provided, namely an actuatable with the upper body Drive device comprising a running along the spine, about its longitudinal axis pivotable upper body drive shaft 24. Further, an actuatable with the legs drive means comprising two levers with a pedal which are pivotable about an axis 27 transverse to the direction of travel, wherein in FIG. 2A and FIG. 3 only one pedal lever 25 is shown with the pedal 26, as well as an operable with the arms drive device having two lever provided with a lever, which are pivotable transversely to the direction of axis 30, wherein in Figure 1A and 2A only one lever 29 is shown with the handle 28.

The power transmission device is designed such that the direction of pivoting of the seat 14 determines the direction with which the upper body is rotated about the upper body drive shaft 24 and the pedal lever 25 and the lever 29 are pivoted.

This is in FIGS. 5a and 5b illustrated in more detail. In this case, 31 represents the head of the watercraft driving person, while the arrows 32, 33, the pivoting direction of the seat 14 up or down, the arrows 34, 35, the direction of rotation of the upper body to the rear or front, the arrows 36, 37 the Pivoting direction of the hand lever 29 to the rear or front and the arrows 38, 39 represent the pivoting direction of the pedal lever 25 to the rear or front on the left or right side of the seat 14, in FIG. 5a for the first half and in FIG. 5a for the second half of a working cycle.

Thereafter, the power transmission is such that the pivoting of the seat 14 on one side down (arrow 33) causes the upper body to rotate the Upper body drive shaft 24 is rotated forward on this page according to the arrow 35, while the hand lever 29 are moved on this page according to the arrow 37 and the pedal lever 25 on this page according to the arrow 39 to the front.

According to Figure 1A , B and 2A, B is for transmitting power from the seat 14 on the rocker 4 on the one or the other side of the rear cross member 17 each have a rope or the like traction means 41, 42 attached, namely to the pin 43, 44. The two traction means 41, 42 are guided over pulleys 45 and 50 and 46 and 51 through pipes 47 and 48 and engage from above at 52 and 53 on the one lever arm 7 and the other lever arm 6 of the rocker 4 at.

In order to achieve a corresponding translation, are the points of application 52, 53 between the pivot axis 5 and the joint 8 for connecting the two lever arms 6, 7 of the rocker 4 with the two fin carriers 10, 11th

The upper body drive shaft 24 is attached to a hinged lid 54 which is pivotally mounted on the stand 19 about an axis transverse to the vessel axis. For rotatable mounting about its longitudinal axis, the upper body drive shaft 24 is mounted below and above in bearings 54, 55 which are secured to the hinged lid 54.

Of the upper body drive shaft 24 extend behind the upper body on both sides of lever arms which protrude to the left and right of the upper body forward, in FIG. 2B only one lever arm 57 can be seen. At the ends of the lever arms 57 ropes or the like traction means are fastened, wherein in FIG. 2B only one pulling means 58 can be seen. The traction means 58 on each side is one Guide roller 59 down and then passed around a arranged below the pivot axis 21 pulley 60 up to the bolt 43, 44, and fixed there, where also. the traction means 45 and 46 attack. Between the guide rollers 59 and 60, the traction means 58 is guided between two guide rollers 62, 63 on the flap 54.

In order to pull the seat 14 upwards pivoting with the thighs up, two wings 64, 65 are preferably releasably attached to the seat frame 15 front, which engage over the thighs.

At the upper body drive shaft 24, a backrest rocker 66 is fixed, which is displaceable for height adjustment along the upper body drive shaft 24 with a guide 67 and lockable by means not shown in the desired height.

In order to pull the backrest rocker 66 when turning the upper body forward, 66 arms are provided on both sides of the backrest rocker, which extend under the armpits forward and are provided with mushroom-shaped stops at the front end. It is in FIG. 2B only one arm 68 with the mushroom-shaped stop 69 can be seen. The two operable with the handle 28 hand lever 29 are designed as two-armed lever, wherein the lever arm 68 receives the handle 28, while on the second lever arm 69 each have a rope or similar traction means 71, 72 is attached, which is for transmitting power from below to the Rocker at 54 and 53 on the one or on the other lever arm 6, 7 acts.

The traction means 71 is a deflection roller 73 with a vertical axis of rotation and a guide roller 74 with transverse to Watercraft 1 extending horizontal axis of rotation under the rocker 4 to the one lever arm 7 and the traction means 72 via a guide roller 75 or the like deflection about a vertical axis and the guide roller 76 with horizontal, transverse to the vessel 1 axis under the rocker 4 to the other lever arm 6 led.

The axis of rotation 30 of the hand lever 29 is fixed with stands 79 on the mounting rail 2. In order to adjust the angle of the first lever arm 68 to the second lever arm 69, a Arretierungsstange 77 is slidably guided in the lever arm 68 which engages in recesses 78 which are mounted in a mounted on the second lever arm 69 about the axis 30 circular segment 80. To keep the hands free, the hand lever 29 can be disabled, in which the Arretierungsstange 77 pulled out of the recesses 78 and the lever arm 68 of the hand lever 29 is pivoted forward, as in Figure 1A shown.

The pedal levers 25 are also designed as two-armed lever, wherein the one lever arm 81 receives the pedal 26. As in FIG. 3 illustrated, the lever arm 81 is formed as a frame in which the pedal 26 is articulated about an axis of rotation 27 parallel to the axis 84 which extends at a distance from the upper end of the pedal 26. That is, the pedal 26 is in turn designed as a two-armed lever. On the lever arm 81, a stop 85 is provided, on which the upper end of the pedal 26 engages. With a spring 86, the pedal 26 is loaded from the stop 85 away. This can be increased with the foot of the effective lever arm. That is, when the pedal 26 is not abutting against the stop 85, the effective lever arm has a length corresponding to the distance of the axes 27 and 84 from each other. When the pedal 26 strikes at 85, the lever arm 81, however, acts over its full length. To be able to pull on the pedal 26, it has a loop 87, in which the foot can be inserted.

The second lever arm 82 of each pedal lever 25 is connected to the traction means 71 and 72 with the second lever arm 69 of the hand lever 29. A pulling means 70, which runs over a deflection roller 89, connects the second lever arm 82 of the one pedal lever 25 to the second lever arm 82 of the pedal lever 25 on the other side of the mounting rail 2.

The axis of rotation 27 of the pedal lever 25 is fixed with stands 83 on a carriage 91 which is displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the vessel 1 along guide rails, wherein in Figure 1A only the guide rail 92 is shown on one side. Thus, the position of the pedal lever 25 of the leg length of the watercraft driving person can be adjusted. With a lock, not shown, the set position can be fixed.

While the traction means 71, 72 is fixedly attached to the hand levers 29 with a loop 92, the traction means 70, 71, 72, which likewise forms a loop 93 on the pedal levers 25, are detachably fastened there in order to be able to adjust the carriage 91. The traction means 70, 71, 72 may thus be a single continuous traction means, which is fastened with its two ends to the two lever arms 6, 7 of the rocker 4. That the sections 70, 71 and 72 then represent the Trumme a single traction means.

The guide roller 89 through which the traction means 70 is guided, which the second lever arm 82 of a pedal lever 25 with the second lever arm 82 of the other pedal lever 25 connects, is attached to a clamping device 94.

The joint 8, which connects the lever arms 6, 7 of the rocker 4 with the fin supports 10, 11, according to FIG. 4 two bolts 108 and 109, which are connected at the upper end by a transverse pin 112. The transverse pin 112 is located in a circumferential groove of a roller 118 which is fixed to the rocker 4. Each fin carrier 10 and 11 has at the upper end to an end plate 103 which is provided with a device with which the stroke of the rods 127 and 128 can be adjusted in front of and behind the carrier 10. The bolts 108 and 109 pass through the end plate 103 and are secured to the carrier 10.

As with the fin carrier 10 in FIG FIG. 2B illustrated, the fin 12 is pivotally mounted on the carrier 10 about a transverse to the direction of travel pivot axis 137. The rods 126 and 127 are movable up and down against a spring force. Furthermore, the fin 12 in each bar 126 and 127 is pivoted about an axis parallel to the pivot axis 137 to adjust the stroke of the bars 126, 127 relative to the carrier 110.

The guide for the carrier 10 and the rods 126, 127 through the hull of the watercraft 1 is formed by sliding plates 124. Further details relating to the part of the fin drive between the hinge 8 and the fins 12, 13 are detailed in FIG EP0675039B1 described.

Claims (31)

1. A drive mechanism for a watercraft with a rocking bar (4) that can be actuated by muscle force, whose two lever arms (6, 7) are connected in each case via a joint (8) with a support (10, 11) that can be moved up and down, with a fin (12, 13),
   characterised in that the drive mechanism comprises a seat (14) that can swivel about an axis (21, 22) running in the direction of travel and at least one other drive device that can be actuated by a swivelling movement, which can be actuated with the upper body, the legs or arms,
   and in that a force transfer device is provided for the transfer of the force generated by the actuation of the seat (14) and the at least one other drive device on to the rocking bar (4).
2. The drive mechanism according to Claim 1,
   characterised in that the force transfer device is designed such that the direction of the swivelling of the seat (14) determines the direction of the swivelling of the at least one other drive device that can be actuated by a swivelling movement.
3. The drive mechanism according to Claim 1 or 2,
   characterised in that the drive device that can be actuated with the upper body comprises an upper body drive axis (24), running along the spinal column, that can swivel about its lengthwise axis.
4. The drive mechanism according to Claim 1 or 2,
   characterised in that the drive device that can be actuated with the legs comprises two pedal levers (25) that can be swivelled about an axis (27) running at right angles to the direction of travel.
5. The drive mechanism according to Claim 1 or 2,
   characterised in that the drive device that can be actuated with the arms comprises two manual levers (29) that can be swivelled about an axis (30) running at right angles to the direction of travel.
6. The drive mechanism according to one of the Claims 2 to 5,
   characterised in that the force transfer device is designed such that for purposes of force transfer with the swivelling of the seat (14) downwards on one side the upper body drive axis (24) can be actuated forwards by rotation of the upper body on this side, and/or the pedal lever (25) and/or the manual lever (29) can be actuated by a movement forwards on this side.
7. The drive mechanism according to one of the previous claims,
   characterised in that the force transfer device is formed by pulling means (41, 42, 70, 71, 72), which act on the two lever arms (6.7) of the rocking bar (4) on both sides.
8. The drive mechanism according to Claim 7,
   characterised in that the pulling means (41, 42, 70, 71, 72) act on the two lever arms (6.7) of the rocking bar (4) between the swivel axis (5) and the joint (8) that connects the rocking bar (4) with the fin supports (10, 11).
9. The drive mechanism according to Claim 7 or 8,
   characterised in that for purposes of force transfer from the seat (14) onto the rocking bar (4) a cross-member (17) is attached to the seat (14), to which on each side of the seat (14) a pulling means (41, 42) is attached, which acts on the one or other lever arm (6, 7) of the rocking bar (4).
10. The drive mechanism according to Claim 9,
    characterised in that the two pulling means (41, 42) that are attached to the cross-member (17) act on the rocking bar (4) on the same side.
11. The drive mechanism according to one of the Claims 7 to 10,
    characterised in that the upper body drive axis (24) has two lever arms (57) on both sides of the seat (14), to which in each case a pulling means (58) is attached.
12. The drive mechanism according to one of the Claims 9 to 11,
    characterised in that the pulling means (58) attached to the lever arms (57) of the upper body drive axis (24) on each side of the seat (14) is guided around a pulley (60) arranged beneath the swivel axis (21) of the seat (14), and is attached to the cross-member (17) on this side.
13. The drive mechanism according to one of the previous claims,
    characterised in that a reclining rocking bar (66) is attached to the upper body drive axis (24).
14. The drive mechanism according to Claim 13,
    characterised in that the reclining rocking bar (66) is designed such that its height can be adjusted.
15. The drive mechanism according to Claim 13 to 14,
    characterised in that arms (68) are provided on the reclining rocking bar (66) on both sides of the seat (14), which are designed extending forwards under the axles for the purposes of pulling the reclining rocking bar (66).
16. The drive mechanism according to one of the Claims 13 to 15,
    characterised in that the upper body drive axis (24) is attached to a hinged cover (54) that can be folded away on the seat (14).
17. The drive mechanism according to one of the previous claims,
    characterised in that the seat (14) has on each side two wings (64, 65) overlapping the upper shanks.
18. The drive mechanism according to one of the previous claims,
    characterised in that the seat (14) is designed as a saddle eccentrically supported in bearings, whose centre of gravity lies under the seat swivel axis (21, 22).
19. The drive mechanism according to one of the previous claims,
    characterised in that the two manual levers (29) are designed as two-armed levers, wherein
    the one lever arm (68) has a manual grip (28), and on the second lever arm (69) a pulling means (71, 72) is attached in each case, which acts on the one or the other lever arm (6, 7) of the rocking bar (4) respectively for purposes of force transfer.
20. The drive mechanism according to Claim 19,
    characterised in that the second lever arm (69) of the one manual lever (29) is connected with the second lever arm (69) of the other manual lever (29) by a pulling means (70) running over a pulley (89).
21. The drive mechanism according to Claim 19 or 20,
    characterised in that the angle of the first lever arm (68) relative to the second lever arm (69) of the manual lever (29) is adjustable.
22. The drive mechanism according to one of the previous claims,
    characterised in that the pedal levers (28) are designed as two-armed levers, wherein
    the one lever arm (81) has a pedal (26), and on the second lever arm (82) a pulling means (70, 71, 72) is attached in each case, which acts on the one or the other lever arm (6, 7) of the rocking bar (4) respectively for purposes of force transfer.
23. The drive mechanism according to one of the Claims 19 to 22,
    characterised in that the second lever arm (82) of the pedal lever (25) is connected to the second lever arm (69) of the manual lever (29) on the same side by the pulling means (71, 72).
24. The drive mechanism according to one of the Claims 20 to 23,
    characterised in that the second lever arm (82) of the one pedal lever (25) is connected to the second lever arm (82) of the other pedal lever (25) via the pulling means (70), which runs around the pulley (89).
25. The drive mechanism according to one of the Claims 19 to 24,
    characterised in that the two pulling means (71, 72) that are attached to the second lever arm (69) of the one or the other manual lever (29) act on the rocking bar (4) on the same side.
26. The drive mechanism according to Claims 10 and 25,
    characterised in that the two pulling means (41, 42) that are attached to the one or the other side of the cross-member (17) on the seat (14) act on the one side of the rocking bar (4), and the other two pulling means (71, 72) that are attached to the one or the other manual lever (29) act on the other side of the rocking bar (4).
27. The drive mechanism according to one of the previous claims,
    characterised in that the pedal levers (25) are attached to a slide (91), which can move in the lengthwise direction of the watercraft (1).
28. The drive mechanism according to Claims 26 and 27,
    characterised in that the pulling means (70, 71, 72) is attached to the pedal levers (25) such that it can be released.
29. The drive mechanism according to one of the Claims 23 to 28,
    characterised in that the pulley (89), over which the pulling means (70) connecting the two pedal levers (25) runs, is attached to a tensioning device (94).
30. The drive mechanism according to one of the previous claims,
    characterised in that the rocking bar (4) can be swivelled about an axis (5) running in the direction of travel.
31. The drive mechanism according to one of the previous claims,
    characterised in that for purposes of attachment of the rocking bar (4), the seat (14) and the at least one other drive device a mounting rail (2) is provided, extending in the lengthwise direction of the watercraft (1).

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