WO2004050474A1

WO2004050474A1 - Drive for ailerons actuated by muscular force

Info

Publication number: WO2004050474A1
Application number: PCT/IB2002/005763
Authority: WO
Inventors: Tomislav Domancic
Original assignee: Tomislav Domancic
Priority date: 2002-12-02
Filing date: 2002-12-14
Publication date: 2004-06-17
Also published as: EP1601570B1; DE50212370D1; ATE398069T1; AU2002368414A1; EP1601570A1

Abstract

The inventive boat (1) comprises a rocking bar (4) which can be actuated by a muscular force and whose lever arms (6, 7) are respectively connected to a support (10,11) by means of a swing joint arm: Said support (10, 11) can be raised and lowered and is provided with an aileron (12, 13). Said rocking bar (4) can be actuated by a seat (14) which can rock around an axis (21) extending to a displacement direction. Said boat also comprises at least one other driving device which is moved by rocking and can actuated by the seat of the rocking bar (4) for driving the boat.

Description

Muscle-operated fin drive for a

water craft

The invention relates to a fin drive for a watercraft with a rocker that can be actuated by muscle power according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such a fin drive is known from EP0675039B. The rocker is designed as a swivel seat on both sides. The well-known fin drive has proven itself on the whole, but longer journeys or a higher driving speed require a considerable effort.

The object of the invention is to reduce the effort required to actuate such a drive.

This is achieved according to the invention by the drive characterized in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are given in the subclaims.

According to the invention, the drive is formed by a seat arranged in the direction of travel, preferably in front of the rocker on the watercraft, which can be pivoted about an axis running in the direction of travel, and by at least one further drive device which can be actuated by pivoting movement and which is connected to the upper body, the legs and / or arms is actuated. To transmit the by operating the seats and the at least one Another drive device generated force on the rocker, a power transmission device is provided.

As a result, according to the invention, not only the muscular strength that is applied to pivot the seat, but also the muscular strength that is generated by the upper body, the legs or arms, is used.

The muscle power generated by the upper body is preferably produced by moving the upper body about its longitudinal axis. For this purpose, the drive device movable with the upper body preferably has an upper body drive axis running along the spine and rotatable about its longitudinal axis. The drive device which can be actuated by the legs preferably comprises two levers with a pedal which can be pivoted about an axis running transversely to the direction of travel. Similarly, a preferred embodiment of the drive device which can be actuated with the arms is constructed, which likewise comprises two levers which can be pivoted about an axis running transversely to the direction of travel and which are each provided with a handle.

The device for transmitting the muscle power is preferably designed such that the direction of the pivoting of the seat determines the direction of the pivoting of the at least one further drive device which can be actuated by pivoting movement. That is, the pivoting of the seat on one side specifies the direction in which the upper body drive axis and the pedal lever and / or handle lever that is located on the watercraft on this side of the seat move. The movement coordination is preferably designed such that when the seat is pivoted down to one side the upper body drive axle is actuated forward by rotating the upper body on this side of the seat and the pedal lever and / or the hand lever is moved forward on this side of the seat, and conversely when the seat is pivoted upward on one side, the upper body drive axle is rotated by rotating the upper body on this side to the rear or the pedal lever and the hand lever is actuated by movement on this side to the rear. ^{'■' ■ "}

The direction of the pivoting of the seat is thus matched to the direction of the pivoting of the other drive devices in such a way that optimal ergonomics is achieved. That when the seat is pivoted downward on one side, the torso, when rotated backward on that side, exerts a greater force than if it were pivoted forwardly on that side. Conversely, the torso on the side on which the seat is moved upwards exerts a greater force when it is pivoted forward than when it is pivoted backwards on this side. The same applies to the force of the arms and legs when they are moved in the direction described depending on the direction of the pivoting of the seat. • •

This is due to the fact that this movement sequence comes close to the movement sequence of the human being when walking, so that an optimally coordinated interplay of the muscles of the upper body, lower body, arms and legs is used. ^" '^'

For power transmission from the seat to the rocker, the seat preferably has a cross member to which a traction means is attached on each side, the one or the other Lever arm of the rocker engages, preferably on the same side of the rocker, for example on the top or the bottom.

On the upper body drive axle, a lever arm is preferably attached on both sides, to which a traction means is attached, which is guided on the relevant side around a deflection roller arranged below the pivot axis of the seat and is attached to the cross member of the seat on this side.

The two hand levers which can be actuated with the arms and the two pedal levers which can be actuated with the legs are preferably designed as two-armed levers.

A traction means is attached to the second lever arm of the two hand levers, which acts on one or the other lever arm of the rocker for power transmission.

A traction means is also attached to the second lever arm of the two pedal levers. This traction means connects the second lever arm of the pedal lever with the second lever arm of the hand lever on this side of the watercraft, and also via a deflection roller the second lever arm of the pedal lever on one side with the second lever arm of the pedal lever on the other side of the watercraft. That is, the two pedal levers are connected to the rocker via the two arm levers, and the arm lever and the pedal lever on one side of the watercraft via the deflection roller with the pedal lever and the hand lever on the other side of the watercraft. The two traction devices, which act on the rocker to transmit power to the arms and legs, act on the same side, i.e. above or below the two lever arms of the rocker, on the side opposite the side on which the two traction devices attached to the cross member of the seat engage the rocker. Ie if the two traction means, which are attached to one or the other side of the seat on the cross member, engage on the two lever arms of the rocker on the top, the two traction means for transmitting power to the arms and legs on the underside of the two lever arms of the rocker on. ^{;: / ''} '"

A rope, tape, chain or the like can be used as the traction means.

According to the invention, an ergonomically optimal transmission system of the integral driving force that can be actuated with muscle power is thus provided.

An embodiment of the drive according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing:

Each shows schematically

1A, 1B and 2A, 2B each show the front and the adjoining rear section of a watercraft in a top view or in a longitudinal section;

FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the pedal of the drive device which can be actuated by the legs;

Figure 4 is a side view of the articulation of the rocker with the fin carrier; and Figures 5a and 5b is a working diagram of the fin drive according to the invention, namely from the first half and the. second half of a work cycle.

According to FIGS. 1A, B and 2A, B, a watercraft 1, for example in the form of a surfboard, has in the middle a mounting rail 2 which extends in the longitudinal or travel direction.

On a stand 3 fastened on the mounting rail 2, a rocker 4 is articulated about an axis 5 running transversely to the watercraft 1.

The two lever arms 6, 7 of the rocker 4 are each connected via a joint to an up and down movable carrier 10, 11, only one joint 8 on the lever arm 6 being shown in FIG. 2B (and FIG. 4). At least one fin 12, 13 is attached to each carrier 10, 11 at the lower end.

In front of the rocker 4 there is a seat 14 which is designed as a saddle and forms a first drive device which can be actuated by muscle power. The seat 14 is attached to a frame 15 with a front and a rear cross member 16, 17. The cross members 16 and 17 are articulated on two stands 18, 19 about an axis extending in the longitudinal direction at 21 and 22. The stands 18, 19 are attached to the mounting rail 2. The saddle 14 is mounted eccentrically, i.e. its focus is below the pivot axis 21, 22.

In addition to the seat 14, three further drive devices are provided, namely one that can be actuated with the upper body Drive device which comprises an upper body drive axis 24 running along the spine and pivotable about its longitudinal axis. Furthermore, a drive device which can be actuated by the legs and which comprises two levers with a pedal, which can be pivoted about an axis 27 running transversely to the direction of travel, only one pedal lever 25 with the pedal 26 being shown in FIG. 2A and FIG. 3, and one with the arms actuatable drive device which has two "levers provided with a handle, which are pivotable about an axis 30 extending transversely to the direction of travel, only one lever 29 with the handle 28 being shown in FIGS. 1A and 2A.

The power transmission device is designed such that the direction of the pivoting of the seat 14 determines the direction in which the upper body is rotated about the upper body drive axis 24 and the pedal levers 25 and the hand levers 29 are pivoted.

This is illustrated in more detail in FIGS. 5a and 5b. 31 represents the head of the person driving the watercraft, while arrows 32, 33 the swivel direction of the seat 14 up and down, arrows 34, 35 the direction of rotation of the upper body backwards and forwards, the ^' arrows 36, 37 the pivoting direction of the hand levers 29 backwards and forwards and the arrows 38, 39 represent the pivoting directions of the pedal levers 25 backwards and forwards on the left and right side of the seat 14, respectively in FIG. 5a for the first half and in FIG 5a for the second half of a work cycle.

Then the power transmission takes place in such a way that the pivoting of the seat 14 on one side downwards (arrow 33) leads to the fact that the upper body rotates Upper body drive shaft 24 is rotated forward on this side according to arrow 35, while the hand lever 29 on this side is moved according to arrow 37 and the pedal lever 25 on this side is moved forward according to arrow 39.

According to FIGS. 1A, B and 2A, B, a rope or similar pulling means 41, 42 is fastened to the one or the other side of the rear cross member 17 for power transmission from the seat 14 to the rocker 4, specifically to the bolts 43,. 44th The two traction means 41, 42 are guided over deflection rollers 45 and 50 or 46 and 51 through tubes 47 and 48 and act from above at 52 and 53 on one lever arm 7 and the other lever arm 6 of the rocker 4.

In order to achieve a corresponding translation, the points of attack 52, 53 lie between the pivot axis 5 and the joint 8 for connecting the two lever arms 6, 7 of the rocker 4 to the two fin supports 10, 11.

The upper body drive axis 24 is fastened to a hinged cover 54 which is fastened to the stand 19 so as to be pivotable about an axis running transversely to the watercraft. For rotatable mounting about its longitudinal axis, the upper body drive axis 24 is mounted at the bottom and top in bearings 54, 55, which are fastened to the hinged cover 54.

From the Oberkorperantriebsachse 24 to extend behind the upper body on both sides of lever arms which protrude left and right from the upper body forward in said figure-2B ^■ only one lever arm 57 is visible. Ropes or similar traction means are fastened to the ends of the lever arms 57, only one traction means 58 being visible in FIG. 2B. The traction means 58 on each side is one Deflection pulley 59 down and then around a deflection pulley 60 arranged below the pivot axis 21 up to the bolt 43, 44, and fastened there, on which / also act on the traction means 45 and 46. Between . the deflection rollers 59 and 60, the traction means 58 is guided between two guide rollers 62, 63 on the flap 54.

In order to use the seat 14 in the pull upward pivoting with the thighs up, are ^'on the seat frame 15 forward two wings 64, 65 are preferably detachably secured, which engage over the thigh.

A backrest rocker 66 is fastened to the upper body drive axis 24 and, for height adjustment along the upper body drive axis 24, can be displaced with a guide 67 and by means not shown in FIG. the desired height can be locked.

In order to be able to pull the backrest rocker 66 forward when rotating the upper body "... 66, arms are provided on both sides of the backrest rocker, which extend forward under the armpits and are provided with mushroom-shaped stops at the front end. 2B, only the one arm 68 with the mushroom-shaped stop 69 can be seen. The two hand levers 29 which can be actuated with the handle 28 are designed as two-armed levers, one lever arm 68 receiving the handle 28, while on the second lever arm 69 in each case a rope or similar pulling means 71, 72 is fastened, which acts on the rocker at 54 and 53 on one or the other lever arm 6, 7 for transmitting power from below.

The traction means 71 is around a deflection roller 73 with a vertical axis of rotation and a deflection roller 74 with transverse to Watercraft 1 running horizontal axis of rotation under the rocker 4 to the one lever arm 7 and the traction means 72 via a deflection roller 75 or the like deflection around a vertical axis and the deflection roller 76 with a horizontal _/ transverse axis to the watercraft 1 under the rocker 4 the other lever arm 6 out.

The axis of rotation 30 of the hand lever 29 is fastened to the mounting rail 2 with stands 79. To be able to adjust the angle of ersteh ^'lever arm 68 to the second lever arm 69, the lever arm 68 a Arretierungsstange is slidably guided 77, which engages in detent recesses 78, the axis about • 30 are mounted Kreisegment 80 mounted in a on the second lever arm 69th In order to keep the hands free, the hand lever 29 can be deactivated by pulling the locking rod 77 out of the locking recesses 78 and the lever arm 68 _. of the hand lever 29 is pivoted forward, as shown in Figure 1A. ...

The pedal levers 25 are also designed as two-armed levers, with one lever arm 81 receiving the pedal 26. As shown in Figure 3, the lever arm 81 is formed as a frame in which the pedal 26 by one. , axis 84 parallel to the axis of rotation 27 is articulated, which runs at a distance from the upper end of the pedal 26. That is, the pedal 26 is in turn designed as a two-armed lever. On the lever arm 81, a stop 85 is provided, on which the. engages the upper end of the pedal 26. The pedal 26 is loaded away from the stop 85 by a spring 86. Thus, ^"can be enlarged foot with ^'the the effective lever arm. That is, if the pedal 26 is not applied to the abutment 85, the effective lever arm of a length 27 and 84 corresponds to the distance of the axes from one another. When the pedal 26 O 2004/050474

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stops at 85, the lever arm 81, however, acts over its full length. In order to be able to pull the pedal 26, it has a loop 87 into which the foot can be inserted.

The second lever arm 82 of each pedal lever 25 is connected to the traction means 71 and 72 with the second lever arm 69 ^'of the hand lever 29. A pulling means 70, which runs over a guide roller 89, connects the second lever arm 8 of the ^'a pedal lever 25 to the second lever arm _82; of the pedal lever 25 on the other side of the mounting rail 2.

The axis of rotation 27 of the pedal lever 25 is fastened with stands 83 on a slide 91 which can be displaced in the longitudinal direction of the watercraft 1 along guide rails, only the guide rail 92 being shown on one side in FIG. 1A. The position of the pedal levers 25 can thus be adapted to the leg length of the person driving the watercraft. The set position can be fixed with a locking device, not shown.

While the traction means 71, 72 is fixedly attached to the hand levers 29 with a loop 92, the traction means 70 ^' , 71, 72, which likewise forms a loop 93 on the pedal levers 25, is detachably fastened there so as to adjust the slide 91 can. The traction means 70, 71, 72 can thus be a single continuous traction means, which is attached with its ^' two ends to the two lever arms 6, 7 of the rocker 4. Ie sections 70, 71 and 72 then represent the run of a single traction device.

The deflection roller 89, over which the traction means 70 is guided, the second lever arm 82 of a pedal lever 25 with O 2004/050474

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connects the second lever arm 82 of the other pedal lever 25 is fastened to a tensioning device 94. "'

The joint 8, which connects the lever arms 6, 7 of the rocker 4 to the fin carriers 10, 11, has two bolts 108 and 109 according to FIG. 4, which are connected at the upper end by a transverse bolt 112. The cross pin 112 lies in a circumferential groove of a roller 118 which is fastened to the rocker 4. Each fin carrier 10 or 11 has an end plate 103 at the upper end which is provided with a device with which the stroke of the rods 127 and 128 in front of and behind the carrier 10 can be adjusted. The bolts 108 and 109 reach through the end plate 103 and are fastened to the carrier 10.

As shown with reference to the fin carrier 10 in FIG. 2B, the fin 12 is fastened to the carrier 10 so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis 137 extending transversely to the direction of travel. The rods 126 and 127 can be moved up and down against a spring force. Furthermore, the fin 12 in each rod 126 and 127 is pivoted about an axis ^' parallel to the pivot axis 137, in order to adjust the stroke of the rods 126, 127 relative to the carrier 110.

The guide for the carrier 10 and the rods 126 ,,, 127 through the hull of the watercraft 1 is formed by sliding plates 124. Further details relating to the part of the fin drive between the joint 8 and the fins 12, 13 are described in detail in EP0675039B1.

Claims

claims

1. Drive for a watercraft with a rocker (4) that can be actuated by muscle power, the two lever arms (6, 7) of which each have a joint (8) with a support (10, 11) that can be moved up and down with a fin (12, 13 ), characterized in that the drive comprises a seat (14) which can be pivoted about an axis (21, 22) extending in the direction of travel and at least one further drive device which can be actuated by pivoting movement and which can be actuated with the upper body, legs or arms, and To transmit the force generated by actuating the seat (14) and the at least one further drive device to the rocker (4), a force transmission device is used.

2. Drive according to claim 1, characterized in that _. the force transmission device is designed such that the direction of the pivoting of the seat (14) determines the direction of the pivoting of the at least one further drive device which can be actuated by pivoting movement. ".

3. Drive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the drive device which can be actuated with the upper body comprises an upper body drive axis (24) which runs along the spine and can be pivoted about its longitudinal axis.

4. Drive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the actuatable with the legs drive means two by one to the direction of travel extending axis (27) includes pivotable pedal levers (25).

5. Drive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the drive device operable with the arms comprises two hand levers (29) which can be pivoted about an axis (30) extending transversely to the direction of travel.

6. Drive according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the power transmission device is designed such that for power transmission when pivoting the seat (14) on one side down the upper body drive axis (24) by rotating the upper body on this side at the front or the pedal lever (25) or the hand lever (29) on this side can be actuated by moving forward. ■

7. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the force transmission device is formed by traction means (41, 42, 70, 71, 72) on the two lever arms (6, 7) of the rocker (4) attack both sides.

8. Drive according to claim 7, characterized in that the traction means (41, 42, 70, 71, 72) between the. Act on the swivel axis (5) and the joint (8) that connects the rocker _: (4) to the fin carrier (10, 11) on the two lever arms (6, 7) of the rocker (4).

9. Drive according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that for the transmission of force from the seat (14) to the rocker (4) on the seat (14) a cross member ^' (17) is fastened, on which on each side of the seat (14) a traction means (41, 42) is fastened, which acts on the one or the other lever arm (6, 7) of the rocker (4).

10. Drive according to claim 9, characterized in that the two traction means (41, 42) which are fastened to the cross member (17) act on the rocker (4) on the same side.

11. Drive according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the upper body drive axis (24) on both sides of the seat (14) has two lever arms (57), to each of which a traction means (58), ... is attached.

12. Drive according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that on the lever arms (57) of the upper body drive axis (24) attached traction means (58) on each side of the seat (14) around a below the pivot axis (21) of the seat (14) arranged deflection roller (60) is guided and attached to the cross member (17) on this side.

13. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a backrest rocker (66) on the upper body drive axis (24) is attached.

14. Drive according to claim 13, characterized in that the backrest rocker (66) is height adjustable ^" ".

15. Drive according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that on the backrest rocker (66) Arms (68) are provided on both sides of the seat (14) and are designed to extend forward under the armpits for pulling the backrest rocker (66).

16. Drive according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the upper body drive axis (24) on a seat (14) foldable flap (54) is attached.

17. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the seat (14) has two wings (64, 65) overlapping the thighs on each side.

18. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the seat (14) is designed as a saddle, the center of gravity of which is below the seat pivot axis (21, 22).

19. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hand levers (29) are designed as two-armed levers, one lever arm (68) having a handle (28) and on the second lever arm (69) in each case a traction means (71 , 72) is attached, which acts on the one or the other lever arm (6, 7) of the ^" rocker (4) for power transmission.

20. Drive according to claim 19, characterized in that the second lever arm (69) of a hand lever

(29) is connected to the second lever arm (69) of the other hand lever (29) by a traction means (70) running over a deflection roller (89).

21. Drive according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that the angle of the first lever arm

(68) to the second lever arm (69) of the hand lever (29) is adjustable.

22. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pedal levers (25) are designed as two-armed levers, one lever arm (81) having a pedal (26) and on the second lever arm (82) in each case a traction means (70 , 71, 72) is attached, which acts on the one or the other lever arm (6, 7) of the rocker (4) for power transmission.

23. Drive according to one of claims 19 to 22, characterized in that the second lever arm (82) of the pedal lever (25) with the second lever arm (69) of the hand lever (29) on the same side by the traction means (71, 72) connected is.

24. Drive according to one of claims 20 to 23, characterized in that the second lever arm (82) of one pedal lever (25) with the second lever arm (82) of the other pedal lever (25) is connected via the traction means (70) which runs around the deflection roller (89).

25. Drive according to one of claims 19 to 24, characterized in that the two traction means (71, 72), which are attached to the second lever arm (69) of one or the other hand lever (29), on the rocker (4) attack on the same side.

26. Drive according to claim 10 and 25, characterized in that the two traction means (41, 42), which are attached to one or the other side of the crossmember (17) on the seat (14), on the rocker (4) on one side and the other two traction means (71, 72), on one or the other hand lever (29) are attached, engage the rocker (4) on the other.

27. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pedal lever (25) on a in the longitudinal direction of the watercraft (1) slidable carriage (91) are attached.

28. Drive according to claim 26 and 27, characterized in that the traction means (70, 71, 72) on the 'pedal levers (25) is releasably attached.

29. Drive according to one of claims 23 to 28, characterized in that the deflection roller (89) via which the traction means connecting the two pedal levers (25).

(70) runs, is attached to a tensioning device (94).

30. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rocker (4) is pivotable about an axis running in the direction of travel (5).

31. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for fastening the rocker

(4), the seat (14) and the at least one further drive device, a mounting rail (2) extending in the longitudinal direction of the watercraft (1) is provided.