EP1597203A1 - Verfahren zum entfernung von phosphat aus wässern - Google Patents
Verfahren zum entfernung von phosphat aus wässernInfo
- Publication number
- EP1597203A1 EP1597203A1 EP04710777A EP04710777A EP1597203A1 EP 1597203 A1 EP1597203 A1 EP 1597203A1 EP 04710777 A EP04710777 A EP 04710777A EP 04710777 A EP04710777 A EP 04710777A EP 1597203 A1 EP1597203 A1 EP 1597203A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nitrosomonas
- water
- polystyrene
- cellulose
- polymers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
Definitions
- PROCEDURE N FOR REMOVING PHOSPHATE FROM WATER
- the present invention relates to a method for removing phosphorus compounds, anions such as, in particular, arsenates, nitrite and nitrate from water, such as still and flowing water and waste water.
- Water, soil, sediments and / or sludge always contain a certain amount of organic materials. Especially with water, i.e. for both water and waste water, determined u. a. the proportion of organic compounds the water quality.
- the organic materials on the one hand increase the COD and BOD values and on the other hand they lead to the formation of detritus over time, i.e. for silting and in extreme cases for silting up.
- High COD and BOD values mean that they contain materials that have a high oxygen requirement and lead to a lack of oxygen for the microorganisms and other living things and ultimately to their death.
- the mined material is in the water as an additional organic material, e.g. B. as suspended particles, before, which entails a further reduction in water quality.
- the sludge formed In order to avoid silting up of water, in particular ponds, the sludge formed must be mechanically removed at regular intervals. This mechanical removal of the sludge requires a sufficient particle size. Floating particles cannot usually be removed.
- contaminated water is treated with a mixture of Ca (OH) 2 and H 2 O 2 .
- These processes are also known as precipitation processes, in which the phosphate present is precipitated as calcium hydrogen phosphate.
- a disadvantage of the precipitation processes known from the prior art is that the solubility product of the compounds to be precipitated is strongly dependent on the pH. A state of equilibrium is formed with the components present in the aqueous environment. In some cases, the hydrogen phosphate even dissolves again.
- the present invention was therefore based on the object of providing a method for removing phosphorus compounds from water, such as still and flowing water and waste water, with which it is possible to remove phosphorus compounds, in particular phosphate, without the phosphate being added corresponding chemical agents must be precipitated. Another task was to reduce the growth of algae in water.
- the present invention accordingly relates to a process for the treatment of water, such as still and flowing water and waste water, characterized in that the water is brought into contact with a polymer which, as the cation (s), is selected from alkaline earth metal ions, Fe 2+ , Fe 3+ , Al 3+ , V 5+ , NH 4 + , Cr 3+ , Co 2+ , Cd 2+ , Cu 2+ , Pb 2+ , Mn 2+ , Ag + , Sn 2+ , Zn 2 + has.
- a polymer which, as the cation (s) is selected from alkaline earth metal ions, Fe 2+ , Fe 3+ , Al 3+ , V 5+ , NH 4 + , Cr 3+ , Co 2+ , Cd 2+ , Cu 2+ , Pb 2+ , Mn 2+ , Ag + , Sn 2+ , Zn 2 + has.
- the anionic polymer used in the process according to the invention preference is given to fixing those cations which, alone or in combination with other cations, form poorly soluble compounds with the phosphorus compounds present in the waters, such as phosphate.
- the water containing phosphorus compounds enters the polymer structure, the Ca + concentration in the gel is so high that the solubility product of calcium phosphate is exceeded at every point and this precipitates directly as a solid.
- the waters from which the phosphorus compounds can be removed with the aid of the process according to the invention include all water- and moisture-containing systems.
- Waters in the sense of the present invention are natural and artificial, standing and flowing waters, such as ponds and lakes, sewage systems, drinking water systems, aquariums, water from water circuits in industrial plants and household plants, etc.
- Polymers which form gels in water have proven to be particularly suitable for use in water-carrying systems. These polymers have the advantage that they can absorb and store water and that the water can pass through the gel structure.
- suitable polymers are polymeric polysaccharides, such as alginates, agarose or bellulose, proteins, such as gelatin, gum arabic, albumin or fibrinogen, ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, carboxymethylethyl cellulose, cellulose acetates, alkali cellulose sulfate, polyanillin, polyethylene imine, polypyrrole, polyvinyl pyrolidide , Polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene, polypropylene, copolymers made of polystyrene and maleic anhydride, epoxy resins, polyethyleneimines, copolymers made of styrene and methyl methacrylate, polystyrene sulfonate, polyacrylates and poly methacrylates, poly
- the polymers are preferably selected from alginates and / or alginate derivatives, alkali cellulose sulfate, polyethyleneimines and / or polydialkyldimethylammonium chlorides
- purified alginates are used as gel-forming materials, in particular the alginates described under CAS numbers 9005-38-3 and 9005-32-7.
- the purified alginates have the advantage that they contain only small amounts of free organic substances, which may impair the stability and activity of microorganisms.
- the alginates used preferably have a high proportion of L-guluronic acid units.
- gel-forming polymers that are preferably used is that they can be in any form and can accordingly be adapted to their place of use.
- suitable shapes are spheres, blocks, grids, sheets, foils, etc.
- Spheres (hereinafter also referred to as capsules) have the advantage that they are pourable and have a high bulk density, so that they can be easily filled into filter systems or filter cartridges and can also be removed from them.
- layer and framework silicates are added to the polymers.
- the silicates stabilize the gel material and slow down the decomposition process of the alginate with simultaneous adsorption of ammonium and calcium on the mineral component of the matrix.
- the zeolites used consist of over 70% clinoptilotite with inert minerals such as quartz.
- the grain size of the mineral admixtures is less than 600 ⁇ m.
- microbiological self-cleaning process of the water can be additionally activated and / or supported or taken over entirely by using microorganisms.
- microorganisms are generally used when harmful nitrogen compounds are also to be broken down, which are converted by the microorganisms into harmless compounds, such as elemental nitrogen.
- the microorganisms are present in encapsulated form in the polymer material.
- microorganisms suitable for treating water can be used as microorganisms, including marine microorganisms, algae and fungi.
- the microorganisms are preferably selected chemolithoautotrophic nitrificants, such as the ammonia oxidants and the nitrite oxidants, which can be selected from the nitrifying microorganisms, in particular bacteria of the genera Nitrosomonas, Nitrosoccus, Nitrosospira, Nitrosovibrio and Nitrosospira, in particular the species Nitrosomonas halophila, Nitrosomonas and Nitrosomonas europaea, Nitrosomonas oligotropha, Nitrosomonas ureae, Nitrosomonas aestuarii, Nitrosomonas marina, Nitrosomonas sp.
- chemolithoautotrophic nitrificants such as the ammonia oxidants and the nitrite oxidants
- Nitrosomonas communis Nitrosomonas nitrosa
- Nitrosomonas sp. 1 Nm 33 Nitrosomonas sp. 2 Nm 41
- Nitrosomonas cryotolerans Nitrosomonas cryotolerans, and the nitrite-oxidizing bacteria of the genera Nitrobacter and Nitrospira, especially Nitrobacter winogradskyi.
- heterotrophic nitrificants such as fungi of the genus Aspergillus, Penicillium and Cephalosporium, algae, Arthrobacter sp., Alcaligenes faecalis, Nocordia sp.
- heterotrophic denitrifiers such as Paracocus sp., In particular Paraccocus pantothrophas, and Pseudomonas sp.
- Any combinations, ie mixed cultures, of microorganisms can also be used. By using mixed cultures, synergistic effects can be obtained with regard to activity and degradation. Examples of mixed cultures are e.g. B.
- Combinations of the species Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter and possibly heterotrophic microorganisms are used to break down organic and inorganic nitrogen compounds.
- the species used can first be grown in pure culture according to their specific growing conditions and then immobilized. Growing the bacteria in pure culture makes it possible to put together almost any species communities in almost any species ratio.
- An example of a particularly preferred species community in the immobilizate consists of a) ammonia-oxidizing (eg Nitrosomonas) and b) nitrite-oxidizing (eg Nitrobacter) and possibly c) nitrate and nitrite-reducing bacteria (eg Paracoccus).
- the type ratio of the cell numbers in the immobilizate preferably in the range from a: b 1: 10,000 to 1: 1 and particularly preferably from 1: 1000 to 1:10 and the type ratio of b: c preferably between 1000: 1 to 1: 1 and particularly preferably between 100: 1 to 5: 1.
- the specialist can, based on his specialist knowledge and, if necessary,
- cell suspensions are usually first grown in pure culture in a concentration of 1 ⁇ 10 6 to 5 ⁇ 10 9 cells / ml.
- the cell suspensions obtained are then preferably concentrated to 5 ⁇ 10 8 to 6 ⁇ 10 9 cells / ml. Concentration can be carried out using conventional filtration processes known from the prior art.
- microorganisms in the form of aqueous cell suspensions.
- stabilized microorganisms are used, in particular those of cultivation and stabilization are carried out by adding NO and / or NO 2 in accordance with the process described in German patent application 199 08 109.3-41.
- Particularly good stabilization of the microorganisms can be achieved if they are used as a cell suspension which contains a buffer system.
- Suitable buffers are acetic acid / acetate, HCO 3 7CO 3 2 " , phosphoric acid / H 2 PO 3 7HPO 3 2" , citric acid / citrate, lactic acid / lactate, solid CaCO 3 , etc.
- the pH in the gel capsules is preferably between 4 and 9, particularly preferably between 5 and 8 and in particular between 6.5 and 8.5.
- the starter cultures according to the invention are preferably carried out in a temperature range from 8 ° C. to 35 ° C., particularly preferably in a range from 15 ° C. to 30 ° C. and in particular between 20 ° C. and 30 ° C.
- microcapsules can be produced in a manner known per se by encapsulating cell suspensions or solutions.
- known microencapsulation processes are suitable for the production.
- possible production processes are phase separation processes, also called coacervation, mechanical-physical processes, interfacial polymerization and adsorptive processes.
- Coacervation means that a dissolved polymer is converted into a polymer-rich, solvent-containing phase by means of desolvation.
- the coacervate attaches to the interface of the material to be encapsulated to form a coherent capsule wall and is solidified by drying or polymerization.
- Mechanical-physical processes are also suitable for coating solid core materials, in which the coating takes place in the fluidized bed or by spray drying.
- the wall is formed by polycondensation or polyaddition from monomeric or oligomeric starting materials at the interface of a water / oil emulsion.
- capsule wall which can usually consist of 2 to 20 layers.
- the polymers used are preferably used in the form of their solutions, suspensions or emulsions.
- solutions for microencapsulation, there are aqueous solutions Suspensions or emulsions with a concentration of 0.5 to 10% by weight have been found to be suitable.
- alginate For the production of microcapsules from alginate, a 1 to 5%, in particular 1, 5 to 2.5%, alginate is preferably used and encapsulated in a manner known per se.
- the polymers used according to the invention in particulate or solid, z. B. used as balls, blocks, grids, sheets and / or foils, they can be supplied to the water to be cleaned and / or processed in a manner known per se.
- the particles or solids are preferably introduced into a container which can be permanently installed in the water to be cleaned. It is also possible that the particles or solids are fixed solely on the basis of their specific weight, i.e. are no longer carried by the current.
- the particles or solids obtained are introduced into a filter and fixed by the surrounding filter material.
- the water When used in a body of water to be cleaned, the water flows through the filter unit and comes into contact with the particles or solids. Due to the preferably network-like structure of the polymer material, the water to be cleaned penetrates into the structure and thus comes into contact with the polymer. The harmful substances are removed.
- the present invention further relates to the use of anionic polymers which, as cations, are selected from alkaline earth metal ions, Fe 2+ , Fe 3+ , Al 3+ , V 5+ , NH 4 + , Cr 3+ , Co 2+ , Cd 2+ , Cu 2+ , Pb 2+ , Mn 2+ , Ag + , Sn 2+ , Zn 2+ contain, for the removal of phosphorus compounds from water.
- anionic polymers which, as cations, are selected from alkaline earth metal ions, Fe 2+ , Fe 3+ , Al 3+ , V 5+ , NH 4 + , Cr 3+ , Co 2+ , Cd 2+ , Cu 2+ , Pb 2+ , Mn 2+ , Ag + , Sn 2+ , Zn 2+ contain, for the removal of phosphorus compounds from water.
- Yet another object of the present invention relates to the use of anionic polymers which, as cations, are selected from alkaline earth metal ions, Fe 2+ , Fe 3+ , Al 3+ , V 5+ , NH 4 + , Cr 3+ , Co 2 + , Cd 2+ , Cu 2+ , Pb 2+ , Mn 2+ , Ag + , Sn 2+ , Zn 2+ , to reduce the growth of algae in water.
- alkaline earth metal ions Fe 2+ , Fe 3+ , Al 3+ , V 5+ , NH 4 + , Cr 3+ , Co 2 + , Cd 2+ , Cu 2+ , Pb 2+ , Mn 2+ , Ag + , Sn 2+ , Zn 2+
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10306125 | 2003-02-14 | ||
DE10306125 | 2003-02-14 | ||
PCT/DE2004/000260 WO2004071969A1 (de) | 2003-02-14 | 2004-02-13 | Verfahren zum entfernung von phosphat aus wässern |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1597203A1 true EP1597203A1 (de) | 2005-11-23 |
Family
ID=32747819
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04710777A Withdrawn EP1597203A1 (de) | 2003-02-14 | 2004-02-13 | Verfahren zum entfernung von phosphat aus wässern |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1597203A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE10327199A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2004071969A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100934600B1 (ko) * | 2005-04-21 | 2009-12-31 | 이비덴 가부시키가이샤 | 유기물 함유 폐액의 처리 방법 |
US8658411B2 (en) | 2005-04-21 | 2014-02-25 | Ibiden Co., Ltd. | Method of treating wastewater containing organic compound |
JP4863110B2 (ja) | 2006-06-28 | 2012-01-25 | 株式会社日立プラントテクノロジー | 飼育水浄化用の包括固定化担体、飼育水の浄化方法及び装置、並びに水槽セット |
PL401690A1 (pl) * | 2012-11-20 | 2014-05-26 | Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny W Szczecinie | Sposób wytwarzania środka do oczyszczania wody z rozpuszczonych związków fosforu oraz środek do oczyszczania wody z rozpuszczonych związków fosforu |
PL401689A1 (pl) * | 2012-11-20 | 2014-05-26 | Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny W Szczecinie | Środek do oczyszczania wody z rozpuszczonych związków fosforu |
CN106311170B (zh) * | 2016-08-30 | 2019-12-13 | 中山朗清膜业有限公司 | 一种去除无机磷的中空多孔吸附材料及其制备方法 |
DE102016120877A1 (de) | 2016-11-02 | 2018-05-03 | Lehmann & Voss & Co. Kg | Filtervorrichtung |
CN108772050B (zh) * | 2018-04-27 | 2021-03-23 | 长安大学 | 一种吸附剂、制备方法及其应用 |
CN111672482A (zh) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-18 | 重庆工商大学 | 一种羧甲基半纤维素/壳聚糖交联球状水凝胶的制备方法 |
CN112340853B (zh) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-11-02 | 同济大学 | 一种用于高盐废水处理的杂化水凝胶载体及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4027223A1 (de) * | 1990-08-24 | 1992-02-27 | Preussag Noell Wassertech | Verfahren zum biologischen abbau persistenter organischer stoffe |
JP3355037B2 (ja) * | 1994-07-07 | 2002-12-09 | 財団法人ダム水源地環境整備センター | 脱リン材、その製造方法および使用方法 |
JP3521199B2 (ja) * | 1999-02-19 | 2004-04-19 | 独立行政法人 科学技術振興機構 | 廃水中に含まれるリン酸の除去方法 |
DE10047709A1 (de) * | 2000-09-25 | 2002-05-02 | Thomas Willuweit | Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Wasser unter Einsatz von Mikroorganismen |
-
2003
- 2003-06-17 DE DE10327199A patent/DE10327199A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-02-13 EP EP04710777A patent/EP1597203A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-02-13 WO PCT/DE2004/000260 patent/WO2004071969A1/de unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2004071969A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2004071969A1 (de) | 2004-08-26 |
DE10327199A1 (de) | 2004-08-26 |
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