EP1596965A1 - Aspirateur a polluant - Google Patents

Aspirateur a polluant

Info

Publication number
EP1596965A1
EP1596965A1 EP03789080A EP03789080A EP1596965A1 EP 1596965 A1 EP1596965 A1 EP 1596965A1 EP 03789080 A EP03789080 A EP 03789080A EP 03789080 A EP03789080 A EP 03789080A EP 1596965 A1 EP1596965 A1 EP 1596965A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ambient air
filter
air
height
catalyst
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03789080A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ursula Lang Von Langen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1596965A1 publication Critical patent/EP1596965A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/88—Handling or mounting catalysts
    • B01D53/885—Devices in general for catalytic purification of waste gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/45—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications
    • B01D2259/455—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications for transportable use
    • B01D2259/4558—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications for transportable use for being employed as mobile cleaners for ambient air, i.e. the earth's atmosphere
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/45—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications
    • B01D2259/4591—Construction elements containing cleaning material, e.g. catalysts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2279/00—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses
    • B01D2279/40—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses for cleaning of environmental air, e.g. by filters installed on vehicles or on streets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device with its own drive device and a cleaning device for ambient air and a method for cleaning ambient air.
  • an air cleaner in combination with a car, train or bus which receives air through the wind when the vehicle is moving, and which includes a particulate filter and a gas pollutant filter.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve such a known device and a known method.
  • the apparatus and the method for purifying ambient air are particularly effective since there are particularly high levels of pollutants in this altitude area in urban areas , The lower the altitude, the more pollutants are present.
  • Ambient air is, for example, the air that is outside the interior or cargo space or the air that surrounds the device 1.
  • the entrance may be about an air intake opening.
  • the device is provided so that, for example, leaves and dirt from the street floor is not recorded. This can be achieved by the entrance being far enough away from the ground.
  • the apparatus can be manufactured from any motor-driven vehicle, such as a passenger car, truck, rail vehicle (tram, metro, suburban train) as well as motor-driven two-wheeled vehicles, ie motorcycle, such as moped, motorcycle or the like, and the method with it be performed.
  • the drive device of the device may be, for example, an internal combustion engine such as a diesel or gasoline or alcohol engine or an electric motor.
  • zero emissions For example, averaged over a day or over a year, zero emissions (“zero emission vehicle”), or below, this invention is useful. It should be noted that with the avoidance of pollutant emissions in such devices it is never possible to emit less than zero pollutants. However, with the present apparatus and method, it is possible for the device to remove more pollutants than it emits. This is especially due to the long service life of the device, which can be used for pollutant removal.
  • the apparatus and method is not limited to the removal of the type of pollutants that the propulsion device of the device itself emits, but may be suitable for any type of pollutants.
  • a cleaning device in a gasoline engine-powered car can also be designed to remove soot from diesel vehicles. Also, pollutants from heating systems, etc. can be removed.
  • the device and the method serve to reduce or eliminate harmful and climate-relevant gases and pollutants. This can be for one by conversion into innocuous or less harmful gases or by filtering out these gases. It is also possible to filter out dust particles and soot particles or to catalyze them.
  • Nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) are produced in large quantities by internal combustion engines and eliminated by catalytic converters only at a sufficient operating temperature. These substances can be well deposited with impregnated activated carbon or converted into N 2 and O 2 with suitable catalysts.
  • CO carbon monoxide emission
  • ozone O 3
  • activated carbon for the precursor substances, such as hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, which can be removed by the cleaning device.
  • Created ozone can also be converted into oxygen by catalysis. For example, serve catalytic polymers.
  • Nitrous oxide is of particular relevance because it is listed in the Kyoto Protocol as a greenhouse gas and is weighted by a factor of 310 in the calculation of carbon dioxide equivalents. This means that nitrous oxide is 310 times more relevant than the same amount of carbon dioxide. Nitrous oxide can be decomposed with catalysts, for example, or removed with molecular sieves or molecular sieve adsorbers.
  • Sulfur dioxide in combination with water forms sulphurous acid. It is blamed as one of the main polluters for acid rain and forest dying as well as winter smog. Sulfur dioxide can be separated from impregnated activated carbon. It can also be chemically bound in appropriately prepared filters. PAHs:
  • PAHs Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
  • soot is produced, which is present in the form of minute respirable particles.
  • the cancer relevance of these soot is discussed again and again.
  • the soot particles can be well separated with an ordinary filter as well as activated carbon.
  • Methane (CH) which also occurs in small amounts in the combustion of fuels, also applies according to the Kyoto Protocol as a climate-relevant gas (weighting factor for the calculation of carbon dioxide equivalents: 21).
  • methane can be catalytically decomposed together with atmospheric oxygen into C0 2 and H 2 0 so as to come from the more climate-relevant gas CH to the less relevant CO 2 gas.
  • the cleaning device advantageously comprises several purification stages, which may be designed, for example, for the various pollutants. Also will clear that activated carbon and / or impregnated activated carbon is preferably comprised by the cleaning device, wherein the activated carbon is preferably regenerable. It also becomes clear that the cleaning device preferably comprises a soot and / or a dust filter.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is that the device comprises a fan. This allows the implementation of the method even at standstill of the device. This is particularly advantageous in that such devices usually have much longer standstill than movement times, so that the method can be carried out for a long time.
  • the blower is designed so strong that leaves and dirt from the ground or the road are not included.
  • the device therefore comprises solar cells or a thermoelectric device for obtaining electrical energy, which serves to drive the blower.
  • This has the advantage that the operation of the cleaning device thus no further energy consumption and thus pollutant emissions is connected.
  • the energy supply by a fuel cell is conceivable.
  • the fan is quiet and / or soundproofed or soundproofed. As a result, no permanent disturbing noises occur when the device is at standstill and the fan is operating.
  • the cleaning device is furthermore advantageous in that it comprises interchangeable filters and / or catalyst elements. This allows a process with an exchange of these elements without having to replace the entire cleaning device and further allows to prevent saturation of the filter or contamination of the catalysts and consequent inefficiency of the filter and / or catalysts.
  • the device further comprises sensors for detecting the state of the air before and after cleaning.
  • sensors for detecting the state of the air before and after cleaning.
  • Such sensors may be, for example, infrared spectroscopy sensors or chemical / physical sensors.
  • a downstream of the purification stage sensor can register defective or saturated filters or damaged or dirty catalysts and thus can be given an indication of a required replacement of the same. This can then be done in the process.
  • the output is as far away as possible from the input. This prevents that just cleaned air passes into the cleaning device again when performing the method and thus the effectiveness of the cleaning is impaired.
  • the cleaning device can thus consist of components that are irrelevant to the function of the device as a means of transportation. However, it is also possible to use individual components such as a blower, a pipe or a catalyst for air purification.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the embodiment of FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic drawing of a part of a cleaning device.
  • a passenger car (car) 1 is shown in Fig. 1 as a device 1, a passenger car (car) 1 is shown.
  • the car 1 is equipped with a motor 7, which is shown here only schematically, which is provided for moving the car 1.
  • the car 1 comprises a cleaning device 2.
  • the cleaning device 2 has an inlet 3, which is provided at a height h of not more than 80 cm above the bottom 5.
  • the inlet 3 is located at the end of an optional pipe section 9.
  • the pipe section 9 opens into a housing 6, in which filters and / or catalysts are provided.
  • the rear end of the housing 6 is connected to a tube 8 which terminates in an outlet 4.
  • the tube 8 extends are here to the rear end of the car.
  • an already provided exhaust pipe can also be used at least partially here.
  • the housing 6 is provided in the engine compartment, it may also be arranged at any other suitable location of the car, such as on the underside of the car or in the trunk area.
  • the outlet 4 is arranged here as far away as possible from the inlet 3 so as to deliver the purified air as far away as possible from the inlet 3.
  • the housing 6 and the inlet 3 are arranged relatively close below an upper cover of the engine compartment. This means that air is taken from the area of the engine compartment in the entrance 3. Since the engine compartment is usually open, for example, front or bottom, ambient air is also absorbed here.
  • the entrance 3 can advantageously be arranged further down, for example in bumpers or license plate height or even below.
  • An arrangement of the input 3 behind the cooling air inlet (grille) is possible.
  • the output 4 need not be, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, at the rear end of the car, but may also be provided on the underside, in the engine compartment or for example in the wheel arches. Also, a discharge of the air in the roof, the spars or other body parts of the car 1 is possible.
  • a sensor 15 is arranged for detecting the state of the ambient air. This sensor 15 can determine the various pollutant components to be purified or even a part thereof individually or collectively. The sensor may also be provided at the position 16.
  • a dust and / or soot filter 12 is disposed near the entrance 3. This serves to weggefiltem dust and / or soot. This serves, on the one hand, to purify the air to be delivered and, on the other hand, prevents the catalyst (s) and / or filter (s), in particular activated carbon, from being added or contaminated.
  • This filtering is a first purification stage of the air.
  • the filter 12 To clean small soot particles, the filter 12 must be correspondingly fine-pored. Considered, for example, flow, tissue, paper or foam mats or similar conventional filter elements.
  • the filter 12 is preferably replaceable. By providing corresponding air lines, it is also possible to use an air filter assigned to the drive device 7 for the first air purification.
  • a fan 10 Downstream (in the direction of the arrow 18) of the dust and / or soot filter 12, a fan 10 is shown schematically. However, this can also be arranged upstream of the filter 12. The arrangement downstream of the dust and / or soot filter 12 has the advantage that the fan operates in pre-cleaned air and not so quickly polluted. Also, the blower 10 may be disposed outside of the housing 6 (externally).
  • a cooling air blower for supplying cooling air to the drive means 7.
  • a blower may be used to supply air to the housing 6 if appropriate air lines are provided to the housing 6. This has the advantage that no separate blower for the cleaning device 2 is necessary.
  • Fig. 3 are provided downstream of the filter 12 and the fan 10 different areas for different purification stages. Three regions 11a, 11b and 11c are shown by way of example in FIG. 3, but it may also be only one, two or even more than three, such as four, five or six subregions or more.
  • a filter and / or catalyst 14a, 14b, 14c is arranged in each case.
  • These filters and / or catalysts 14a, 14b, 14c are respectively held in cartridges or cartridges 13a, 13b, 13c.
  • the cartridges 13a, 13b, 13c are permeable to air on at least two, preferably opposite, sides so that the filter medium or the catalyst located therein comes into contact with the air.
  • 14a may be an ozone catalyst that converts ozone to oxygen.
  • 14b may be activated carbon for filtering various substances, such as hydrocarbons or PAHs, and 14c may be an impregnated activated carbon for the absorption of nitrogen oxides or carbon monoxide.
  • a corresponding filter and / or catalyst may be provided.
  • Downstream of the respective filter stages may be arranged a single sensor for detecting the state of the purified air, however, it is also possible to use a sensor 17 in the output region of the housing 6 z. B. in or at the tube 8 provide.
  • the filter and catalysts provided in the housing 6 it is also possible to provide an air line to an exhaust gas catalytic converter located in the device 1. This allows a still warm catalyst shortly after switching off the drive device 7 of the device 1 to use for air purification. If the catalytic converter is used together with an external blower, the housing 6 could possibly even be completely eliminated. While the housing 6 is shown cylindrically in Figs. 1 to 3, it may also have any other shape suitable for mounting the filters and / or catalysts 14a, 14b, 14c therein and for mounting the housing 6 in the device 1 ,
  • the car 1 of FIG. 1 is moved by the drive device 7.
  • the input 3 is acted upon by wind.
  • the incoming air is passed through the tube 9 into the housing 6.
  • it is cleaned of the dust and / or soot filter 12 of dust and / or soot.
  • the air in the direction of arrow 18 passes through the various purification stages in the areas 11a, 11b and 11c and leaves the housing 6 cleaned by the tube 8.
  • the purified air is discharged at the outlet 4.
  • the air is absorbed between an upper level and a lower level.
  • Another method is that the device 1 is not driven by the drive device 7 and stands still.
  • the blower 10 sucks or blows air through an inlet 3 and directs it to the interior of the housing 6. Here the cleaning takes place.
  • the emerging from the housing 6 air is supplied through the pipe 8 to the output 4 and there directly, d. H. not only, for example, in the interior of the car 1, discharged into the environment.
  • Both methods can be used to determine the concentration of one or more relevant pollutants before and after cleaning. If the cleaning effect is insufficient, d. H. the reduction of the pollutant concentration is not available or too low, a corresponding indication, for example by a warning light or the like, take place. This is the sign to replace the filters and / or catalysts 14a, 14b, 14c. It is estimated that a change of approximately every 40,000 to 50,000 km of driving performance of the car is necessary.
  • the senor 15 it is possible for the sensor 15 to register that the ambient air is largely clean. Then the fan 10 is not put into operation. If the ambient air is already sufficiently clean, cleaning this air would be no more or only very slightly possible, so that it seems advantageous to protect the fan 10 and not to put into operation.
  • the filter and / or the catalyst can be replaced according to the method.
  • the old filter and / or catalyst is removed and installed a new filter and / or catalyst. This can happen, for example, when the car is in a gas station or a workshop or specially designated places. Also, the exchange can be carried out by each person themselves.
  • the old filter is a regenerable filter, it can be regenerated during the process and then reinstalled. It is not necessary that it be installed in the same vehicle, but it can also be installed in another vehicle. The same applies to catalysts that can be recycled.
  • the filter or catalyst If the filter or catalyst can not be regenerated or reprocessed, it must be disposed of properly.
  • the process may include burning the filters.
  • the cartridge or cartridge 13a, 13b, 13c is completely combustible.
  • the energy of the activated carbon, which is released during combustion, can be used to generate energy.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif (1) comprenant un système d'entraînement propre (7) conçu pour déplacer le dispositif (1) et un système de purification (2) pour l'air ambiant, présentant une entrée (3) conçue pour prélever de l'air ambiant et une sortie (4) conçue pour libérer de l'air purifié dans l'environnement. Cette invention est caractérisée en ce que l'entrée (3) est conçue pour prélever de l'air ambiant dans une zone de niveau (h) situé entre un niveau inférieur de 0 cm et un niveau supérieur de 80 cm au-dessus d'un sol plan (5) sur lequel le dispositif (1) peut se trouver. La présente invention concerne également un procédé pour purifier de l'air ambiant à l'aide d'un système de purification (6) qui est associé à un dispositif (1) comprenant un système d'entraînement propre (7) pour déplacer le dispositif (1). Ce procédé consiste à prélever de l'air ambiant, à purifier cet air et à le libérer dans l'environnement. Ce procédé est caractérisé en ce que l'air ambiant est prélevé à un niveau situé entre 0 cm et 80 cm au-dessus du sol.
EP03789080A 2002-11-26 2003-11-25 Aspirateur a polluant Withdrawn EP1596965A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10255152 2002-11-26
DE10255152A DE10255152A1 (de) 2002-11-26 2002-11-26 Schadstoffsauger
PCT/EP2003/013248 WO2004047962A1 (fr) 2002-11-26 2003-11-25 Aspirateur a polluant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1596965A1 true EP1596965A1 (fr) 2005-11-23

Family

ID=32240443

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03789080A Withdrawn EP1596965A1 (fr) 2002-11-26 2003-11-25 Aspirateur a polluant

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1596965A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003293720A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10255152A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004047962A1 (fr)

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CA2352532C (fr) 1998-11-27 2014-10-14 Darwin Discovery Ltd. Compositions et methodes d'augmentation de la mineralisation de la substance osseuse
US20040009535A1 (en) 1998-11-27 2004-01-15 Celltech R&D, Inc. Compositions and methods for increasing bone mineralization
US7857892B2 (en) 2004-08-11 2010-12-28 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Air pollution sensor system
US20080092742A1 (en) * 2004-08-11 2008-04-24 Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. Air Pollution Sensor System
GB2422333A (en) * 2005-01-25 2006-07-26 Rosemary Jones A vehicle exhaust and ambient air absorber
US8003108B2 (en) 2005-05-03 2011-08-23 Amgen Inc. Sclerostin epitopes
US7592429B2 (en) 2005-05-03 2009-09-22 Ucb Sa Sclerostin-binding antibody
BRPI0721362A2 (pt) * 2007-02-19 2013-01-08 Mix Progetti S R L mÉtodo e equipamento para filtrar o ar em um ambiente urbano
CL2008002775A1 (es) 2007-09-17 2008-11-07 Amgen Inc Uso de un agente de unión a esclerostina para inhibir la resorción ósea.
WO2009092143A1 (fr) * 2008-01-22 2009-07-30 Fikret Alic Système de filtre à air écologique pour moteur à combustion interne
DE102008015080B3 (de) 2008-03-18 2009-11-26 Astrium Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Entfernung von Schadgasen aus der Atmosphäre
ES2400581B1 (es) * 2011-05-12 2014-03-10 Eusebio Moro Franco Dispositivo para depurar el aire
DE102014202217A1 (de) * 2014-02-06 2015-08-06 Volkswagen Ag Brennstoffzellensystem
DE102015221547A1 (de) * 2015-11-03 2017-05-04 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reinigung der Außenluft
FR3052685A1 (fr) * 2016-06-21 2017-12-22 L'air Liquide Sa Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Amelioration de la qualite de l'air au sein d'une agglomeration
DE102018211049A1 (de) * 2018-01-12 2019-07-18 Trittec Ag Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Luft mit Filtermitteln und mindestens einem Ventilator, Anordnung derartiger Vorrichtungen und softwaregestützte Applikation
FR3111848A1 (fr) * 2020-06-30 2021-12-31 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Module de traitement d’air pour traiter l’air à l’extérieur d’un véhicule

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US6200542B1 (en) * 1995-01-20 2001-03-13 Engelhard Corporation Method and apparatus for treating the atmosphere
CA2206435A1 (fr) * 1995-01-20 1996-07-25 Michael Spencer Dispositif de traitement de matieres polluantes loge dams le compartiment moteur d'un vehicule et servant a traiter l'ecoulement d'air ambiant
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2003293720A1 (en) 2004-06-18
WO2004047962A1 (fr) 2004-06-10
DE10255152A1 (de) 2004-06-03

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