EP1594942A1 - Nouvelle utilisation du complexe phosphore-azote-metal - Google Patents

Nouvelle utilisation du complexe phosphore-azote-metal

Info

Publication number
EP1594942A1
EP1594942A1 EP04701638A EP04701638A EP1594942A1 EP 1594942 A1 EP1594942 A1 EP 1594942A1 EP 04701638 A EP04701638 A EP 04701638A EP 04701638 A EP04701638 A EP 04701638A EP 1594942 A1 EP1594942 A1 EP 1594942A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion zones
application according
combustion
nitrogen
phosphorus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04701638A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Péter Cserta
Timothy R. Mccully
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1594942A1 publication Critical patent/EP1594942A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/30—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes)
    • C10L1/301—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes) derived from metals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to new applications of the alkali metal-phosphorus-nitrogen complex for reducing emission and decreasing fuel consumption.
  • the present invention relates to the formation of alkali metal- phosphorus-nitrogen complex surfaces with complexing chemicals introduced into the fuels, for reducing emission and decreasing fuel consumption.
  • the reduced emission, accompanied by fuel saving, is partly due to the newly formed surface, and to the result of catalytic processes.
  • Iron-phosphate surfaces were used in Great-Britain even in
  • 5,540,788 describes a procedure, in which an inorganic polimer complexing substance is added to the lubricating oil, this way creating an alkali-iron-phosphate surface on the inner surfaces of the combustion zone of the engines, and this results in the improvement of the efficiency of the engine, and the reduction of friction. But the procedure didn't provide solution for other highly used equipments, without direct lubricating in the combustion zone, like for example for the gas turbines, in which the surface of the combustion zone is exposed to extreme thermal and corrosive effects.
  • the burner is suitable for the use of vanadium containing additives, because the vanadium-pentoxide, reacting with the magnesium ions in the introduced aqueous solution, inhibits their corrosive deposition.
  • vanadium containing additives because the vanadium-pentoxide, reacting with the magnesium ions in the introduced aqueous solution, inhibits their corrosive deposition.
  • iron-phosphate surfaces are the most widely used surfaces in the industry. Due to their numerous advantages they are excellently suitable for example for the application in the vehicle industry, for example for the priming of the car-body. Moreover these surfaces provide excellent corrosion protection for the different, iron containing structural components.
  • the friction-coefficient of the iron- phosphate surface is significantly lower than that of the steel, and provides dry lubrication on the moving-gliding steel surfaces. Moreover the surface has many characteristics, which improve the efficiency of the oil lubrication.
  • organic phosphate compounds are widely used, for example in the lubricating oil. It is known, that certain organic phosphates slowly burn into the gears and into another moving components, and provide excellent protection for the metals. But at the same time the burning shows random distribution, which reduces the application possibilities in the different machines.
  • the present invention provides method for the formation of alkali metal-phosphorus-nitrogen complex surfaces in the combustion zone of gas turbines and similar equipments, in such a way that the surface builder substance is introduced into the combustion zone by mixing into the fuel and/ or into the air necessary for combustion.
  • the surface builder substance can also be mixed with gasoline or diesel oil, and must be injected into natural gas.
  • the surface builder substance and the gas can never be in the same state of condition - the natural gas is characteristically in gas state, while the surface builder substance is liquid. According to this, typically the surface builder substances must be injected into the natural gas used as fuel, because they form surface, and reduce the formation of deleterious element, and the total oxidation of the C-containing compound, and at the same time inhibit the formation of thermic nitrogen oxides. This results in the reduced emission and the higher performance per unit fuel.
  • Solution 2 is added in portions to solution 1 while mixing, until the pH of the solution is 7,0.
  • the resulting water soluble solution contains the alkali metal-phosphorus-nitrogen-metal complex.
  • This water soluble, neutralized complex is added to a "poly-oil".
  • the "poly-oil” is any one of a member of poly-glycol or poly-glycol-amine oils, which has a water solubility of at least ten percent, and has a solubility at least ten percent in the liquid hydrocarbon used for the introduction into the combustion zone. All the precipitated materials are filtered off the solution containing the alkali-phosphorus-nitrogen-metal complex, and is mixed into the chosen "poly-oil".
  • one part of the complex is mixed into 9-25 part "poly- 5 oil".
  • the mixture is continuously stirred, and heated just under the boiling point of 100 °C.
  • the mixture is kept at this temperature, and stirred to drive out the water. Once the water is "cooked off, the remaining mixture will turn to a clear amber color very quickly. Then the heat is removed, and the o solution is allowed to cool.
  • the color of the solution is normally determined by the used "poly-oil".
  • concentration is computed for the amount required.
  • concentration in diesel fuel is about 20 parts of phosphorus- 5 nitrogen-metal complex per billion parts of fuel.
  • concentration of the surface builder substance must be 500 per one million.
  • Characterization of the formed surface is as follows: 0l . Improved heat transfer properties for turbine blades, that make the turbine system perform closer to adiabatic conditions; 2. Improved wear properties for all combustion zone of the engine. 5 There are other benefits that can be associated with the
  • the present invention relates to the use of the complex foming additive in the industrial turbines and jet engines.
  • One characteristic of the surface builder substance is its ease of use in a variety of common hydrocarbon fuels.
  • the surface builder can be formulated to be directly mixed with either gasoline, diesel fuel or aviation diesel (JP-4 and others) and in natural gas.
  • the fuel gas pressure ranges from 4 to 10 atmospheres, and the surface builder is injected into the gas stream ranging in pressure from 20 to 500 atmospheres. By injecting the surface builder in this manner, the surface builder enters the gas stream in colloid state.
  • FIG. 1 shows an uncoated metal surface
  • Figure 2 and Figure 3 show a surface "under construction”.
  • the clusters of the alkali-phosphorus-nitrogen-metal complexes can be noticed.
  • Figure 2 and Figure 3 the clusters of the alkali-phosphorus- nitrogen complexes have reacted with the surface of the combustion zone, to form the new alkali-phosphorus-nitrogen- metal complex surface.
  • the thickness of the new surface is measured in microne, but as it can be seen on Figure 2 and Figure 3, this alkali- phosphorus-nitogen-metal complex is sufficient to present a different surface composition with the fuel air mixture in the combustion zone.
  • the alkali-phosphorus-nitrogen-metal surface catalyzes the fuel-air reaction, reducing the unburned hydrocarbon (UHC) and the CO, reduces the secondary reactions, producing nitrogen oxides. After formation of the new surface the nitrogen and the oxigen can not react directly with the metal surface, and the main source of the nitrogen- oxides ceases to exist. (Because the Ni and Cr containing metals catalyze the formation of NO x ).
  • the emission reducing and fuel saving effects of the surface builder realizes to a greater extent.
  • the complex forming additive can also be used in explosion engines. Certain complexes can be added to the fuel- system of the explosion engines or continuous combustion engines, which form a thin, new layer on the wall of the combustion zone and on the surfaces exposed to the combustion gas.
  • This thin layer has beneficial effects for the operation characteristics of the engine, as a result of which the emission of carbon-monoxide (CO), the unburned hydrocarbon (UHC), the nitrogen oxides (NO x ), and the fuel consumption of the vehicle decreases. These beneficial characteristics can be attributed to the better and more complete combustion of the fuels, what is caused by the interaction between the fuel and the thin layer (The carbon deposit disappeared from the exhaust pipe of the experimental vehicles).
  • the surface builder may be used with both diesel and gasoline engines, by simply adding the surface builder to the fuel system. The composition of the surface builder has been changed from the original water soluble form to oil soluble form, and as a result of this change the surface builder became soluble in gasoline and in diesel oil, and in any other hydrocarbon based fuel.
  • the first step is a "clean-up" phase, when the carbon buildup, particularly carbon deposits in diesel engines are cleaned from the internal working surface, due to the increased reactivity of the surface builder and diesel fuel.
  • This "cleanup phase” takes place at any time duration within hours up to two weeks.
  • the second step is where the vehicle driver experiences a "sudden" increase in performance. This can be experienced as in sudden engine surge or an increased performance, quieter engine and decreased fuel consumption. This is the joint effect of the complex surface formed and the catalyzed combustion.
  • the third and final step when the emission and the fuel consumption is reduced.
  • the surface builder described above is only one of the thousand complexes, capable of changing the surface of the combustion zones.
  • the surface builder can be any molecule group, which is characterized by joining a metal ion and an alkali-phosphorus-nitrogen bond.
  • the present invention not only makes easier the use of the earlier described surface builders, but also by making possible their use in combustion equipments results in the decrease of emission to such an extent, which can initiate changes in the environmental protection up to now unthinkable.
  • combustion equipments can be for example the gas firing heat treating furnaces, coal heating boilers and refuse burners.
  • the surface builder is introduced into the combustion zone by mixing/ vaporizing into the fuel and/ or into the air necessary for combustion.
  • the surface builder has corrosion reduction effects in each metal containing combustion zones. By catalyzing combustion, it reduces fuel consumption, and as a consequence of the more complete combustion, the emission also decreases.
  • the additive according to the present invention is injected into the gas firing tube of a natural gas powered 10 MW General Electric gas turbine, before introducing it into the combustion zone.
  • Digitally controlled injector is used for compounding, which keeps the fuel gas/ surface builder ratio constant during the 6 hour ' s measurement, i.e. 30-60 ml additive is vaporized into 100 Nm 3 natural gas.
  • the emission of the gas turbine is constantly registered.
  • the level of the unburned hydrocarbon drops under 0, 1 ppm from the starting 25-35 ppm value.
  • the amount of carbon-monoxide drops under the measuring range of the instrument from the starting 0,01% value.
  • the amount of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) drops under 2 ppm from the starting 80-90 ppm value.
  • Example 1 With the gas turbine used in Example 1. the experiment is repeated for 72 hours, in such a way that the complex is dissolved in diesel fuel, which is more difficult to vaporize. This way additive of bigger particle size enters the combustion zone, which reduces its efficiency, because of the higher viscosity and the weaker vapour-liquid ratio. Despite this the turbine met the more rigorous emission requirements during the measuring.
  • a carbon steel piece is heated with gas flame, under standard conditions, at 1100-1300 °C, for 6 hours, with and without additive.
  • the addition of the complex compound in the gas in 1/ 1280 ratio results differences visible with the unaided eye both in scale formation and in corrosion.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne de nouvelles applications du complexe métal alcalin-phosphore-azote permettant de réduire les émissions et la consommation de carburant. La présente invention concerne, en particulier, la formation de surfaces de complexe métal alcalin-phosphore-azote à l'aide de produits chimiques complexants introduits dans les carburants, dans le but de réduire les émissions et la consommation de carburant. La réduction des émissions et l'économie de carburant sont dues, en partie, à la surface nouvellement formée et, en partie, au résultat de processus catalytiques.
EP04701638A 2003-01-13 2004-01-13 Nouvelle utilisation du complexe phosphore-azote-metal Withdrawn EP1594942A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HU0300105 2003-01-13
HU0300105A HUP0300105A3 (en) 2003-01-13 2003-01-13 A new application of phosphorus-nitrogen-metal complex layer
PCT/HU2004/000001 WO2004069965A1 (fr) 2003-01-13 2004-01-13 Nouvelle utilisation du complexe phosphore-azote-metal

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1594942A1 true EP1594942A1 (fr) 2005-11-16

Family

ID=89981077

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04701638A Withdrawn EP1594942A1 (fr) 2003-01-13 2004-01-13 Nouvelle utilisation du complexe phosphore-azote-metal

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1594942A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2006516301A (fr)
HU (1) HUP0300105A3 (fr)
PL (1) PL377902A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004069965A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EA008844B1 (ru) 2003-06-23 2007-08-31 Инвайрофьюэлз Л.П. Добавка к углеводородному топливу, топливо на ее основе и способы их получения
UY29142A1 (es) * 2004-09-28 2006-11-30 Envirofuels Lp Aditivo para combustible hidrocarbonado liquido o licuado para quemadores de fuego directo, llamas abiertas y procesos relacionados
AR052791A1 (es) * 2004-11-15 2007-04-04 Envirofuels Lp Aditivo para combustible hidrocarbonado solido en quemadores de fuego directo, hornos, llamas abiertas y procesos relacionados
WO2010026598A1 (fr) * 2008-09-08 2010-03-11 Raju Alluri Sreenivasa Processus d'économie de carburant utilisant des microsphères creuses dans un moteur à combustion interne

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB776502A (en) * 1954-07-12 1957-06-05 Bataafsche Petroleum Method of lubricating solid surfaces
US3483178A (en) * 1968-04-18 1969-12-09 Monsanto Co Esters,salts,and acids of organo-phosphono-amine oxides
US3734963A (en) * 1969-03-18 1973-05-22 Exxon Co Inorganic lithium-amine complexes
SG71668A1 (en) * 1992-09-11 2000-04-18 Chevron Usa Inc Fuel composition for two-cycle engines
US5540788A (en) * 1995-02-24 1996-07-30 Mdechem, Inc. Method of preparing iron-phosphate conversion surfaces

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2004069965A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HU0300105D0 (en) 2003-03-28
WO2004069965A1 (fr) 2004-08-19
PL377902A1 (pl) 2006-02-20
WO2004069965A8 (fr) 2005-08-25
HUP0300105A3 (en) 2005-05-30
JP2006516301A (ja) 2006-06-29
HUP0300105A2 (hu) 2004-05-28

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